Opposition to abstract, untested theories &ideologies. Friedrich Nietzsche ,,God is dead"-through explaining and putting forward theories had killed Christian god. The essence of Freudian theory: the process in the human psyche Superego-society, conscience, morals, traditions, religion, a moral censor Ego-rational behavior, motivation, self-identification, conscious decisions Id-instincts, natural responses, the pleasure principle, aggressive instincts, the death wish Influence: In art and literature, Freud's theories influenced surrealism . Like psychoanalysis, surrealistic painting and writing explores the inner depths of the unconscious mind. Freudian ideas have provided subject matter for authors and artists. Critics often analyze art and literature in Freudian terms. 2. Literary Modernism and its sub-movements. The influence of Structuralism and psychoanalysis. Main characteristic features of Modernism. Denial of
Hampton Court were opened to public · Why were the Brits obsessed with the middle ages? People were afraid of new things, they didn't feel comfortable in new and fast-moving world; people wanted security and they found it in old things; Middle ages became popular, "Morte d'Arthur" by Thomas Malory 2) Ruskin and the medieval revival · Who was Ruskin and what were his ideas of art and culture? He was the greatest critic in the English language; rhetorician (person in the society, who always has sth to say about anything; not part of the politics, usually from arts department...); cast nature as a reflection of divine truth; instead classicism, looking for sth essentially British; believed in artistic socialism art and morality closely linked; against mass production , emphasis on quality; preferred Gothic, medieval revival
In Deism, there is no interference by a deity, and man controls his own destiny. These ideas stirred the masses into action, as the people dreamed of carving their own futures. Adopted by the Founding Fathers, Enlightenment ideals became the vision for modernday America, where these ideologies are deeply rooted in the nation. The Enlightenment was important America because it provided the philosophical basis of the American Revolution. The Revolution was more than just a protest against English authority; as it turned out, the American Revolution provided a blueprint for the organization of a democratic society. And while imperfectly done, for it did not address the terrible problem of slavery, the American Revolution was an enlightened concept of government whose most profound documents may have been the American Declaration of Independence and United States Constitution. To feel the full impact of the Enlightenment
Naturalists do not judge their characters, they simply report. Try to describe facts like they are. Naturalists depict the lower, coarser forms of life. · Drab, squallid set of scene. Revolting, disgusting · Characters are people with strong animal desires · Neurotic characters unable to understand the forces that control them · By the end of the 18th century the naturalism depicts in europe, but stars to become the literature method no 1 in america · Naturalism appealed American authors because they found it very right to describe what was going on in the turn of century in America · They wanted something fresh, new · They were disgusted by romantics · Showed the harsh tone in moral life · Refleced the development of science · Period of intense urbanisation, the city is in the center of the novel, often · New characters were businessmen, salesman, immigants, poor farmers
He managed to combine the influences of different metaphysical poets while keeping his own originality. (Coursebook, pp. 8-10; Sanders, pp. 194-209, 235-238) 4. The arrival of classicism in England. The impact of the art collections of the Earl of Arundel and Charles I. The arrival of classicism had a huge impact on the cultural identity of the British. One of the most remarkable things that happened was the further sophistication of the cultural output. Architecture, art and literature received more emphasis. Different areas to do with culture drew inspiration from the age of classicism. This movement was greatly influenced by many important figures. Perhaps the greatest proponents of this movement were the Earl of Arundel and Charles I, both of whom possessed great collections of Italian antiquities and artwork. Their art collections definitely left an impact, as they represented the pursuit of a greater ideal through art. (Coursebook pp. 25-31) 5
wave had failed to do); feminisms, expansion, multiplicity, postcolonialism. 4. Anne Bradstreet the first feminist 17th century; the most prominent of early English poets of North America and first female writer in the British North American colonies to be published Mary Wollstonecraft education; an eighteenthcentury English writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights. Wollstonecraft is best known for A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), in which she argues that women are not naturally inferior to men, but appear to be only because they lack education. Caroline Norton English feminist, social reformer, and author of the early and midnineteenth century
Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens was the foremost English novelist of the Victorian era, as well as a vigorous social campaigner. Considered one of the English language's greatest writers, he was acclaimed for his rich storytelling and memorable characters, and achieved massive worldwide popularity in his lifetime. Charles Dickens was born in Landport, Portsmouth in Hampshire, the second of eight children to John Dickens n 7 February 1812. The 12-year-old Dickens began working ten hour days in a Warren's boot-blacking factory. In May 1827, Dickens began work in the office of Ellis and Blackmore as a law clerk. At the age
Sermons and religious verse, witty preaching. George Herbert, Caroline piety expressed. His verse is sensitive and decorous, monument to „beauty of holiness”, practice of liturgy with good order and ritual which was the essence of Charles I’s religious policy. High Anglican piety. Herbert celebrates wat Puritans wished to sweep away. Beauty and significance of ritual, of the mystery of the sacraments offering praise to the angles, to the saints and Virgin Mary. We are in Heaven that can only be Anglican, filled with deep inner piety which spoke of the anguish of heart in its search for God.Church resumed as holy place again, restoration, beautification, painting and sculpture aided liturgy. 7. 17th century philosophical writing (Burton, Browne, Hobbes) Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan – developed his political philosophy. Man by nature selfishly individualistic animal, constant war with other men
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