• New tension in society, what it really means to be an American • Income disparities – big gap between people who are rich and people who are poor • Westward expansion – people can think about optimistic things happening when they think about the positive things happening in the country • United States as an urban nature: skyscrapers, full of people etc Intellectual and literary trends • Darwinism • Social Darwinism • Rejection of Romanticism – writing moves away from romanticism • New Realism • Regionalism (Bret Harte, Sarah Orne Jewett, Joel Chandler Harris) MARK TWAIN (1835-1910) • relied very strongly on his personal experience • writes in very plain language • tension in progress and pragmatism • much of his fiction grew out of his childhood • Twain did not write about nostalgia • he's somebody who understood that it was his youth that made him and maybe America
Idealization of Nature in Romantic Poetry One of the main characteristics of romanticism in general is the constant praising of nature and connecting it with almost everything. As the second half of the 18 th century was the time of the industrial revolution, urbanization and mankind's distancing from nature in every way, it is not surprising that as a result it became more and more important to and valued by people it had suddenly become something remote and far from everyday life, somewhat a luxury.
Test on Romantic Poetry and Prose 1. Approximate dates of romanticism: in the second half of the 18th century. Major events on world history at that time: · Industrial revolution · In America the Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776 · The French Revolution, 1789 · The King of England was George III, after him George IV and then Queen Victoria Outcomes: · Revolution did not bring welfare · Lives of the lower-classes worsened
The Romantic movement in American literature Romanticism in literature · Romantic · Romanticism is an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement · Influenced by : - Enlightenment - elevated medievalism · In America 1820 Characteristic features · Intuition, instincts, imagination, feelings · Folk art, nature, heroism · Protest against reality · Emphasis on women and children · Dreams · Symbolism and myths Events & Dates · The American Revolution (1776 -1783) · The French Revolution (1789 1799)
Goya töödes, mis neid sündmusi kajastavad, väljendub õudus ja pessimism ("Ülestõusnute mahalaskmine" ja graafiliste lehtede sari "Sõjakoledused"). Piltide meeleolule vastab dramaatiline, kontrastiderohke heletumedus. Francisco Goya ''Sõjakoledused'' 6 Kasutatud Materjalid: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Goya http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romantism http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanticism http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspar_David_Friedrich http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Blake http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/english/melani/cs6/rom.html http://www.uh.edu/engines/romanticism/ 7
ofcourse - europe. sightsseeings, , intresting. Toompea Nevsky, 1900. Tallinn Mikhail Preobrazhenski St. Petersburg. . Toompea . 16th , Tallinn Europe. , Riga Vilnius , 80 2.35km . St Mary 1223 Toompea. More commonly , noblemen. (Toomkirik) Kiriku . GLAVN Lutheran . . 1878 Classicism Romanticism. 2 , . 1510-1529 seaward storehouse gunpowder, . , Maritime viewing on top of . Toompea , Kiek de Kök (peek ). 38m , 17m 4m . St ` ' Berndt Notke. St , . back to 13th , 1230 . St . Toompea ` ' . : Hermann , Czarist , Riigikogu, courtyard , 1920s.
Symbolism Liisi Pajula Characteristics 19th century France, Belgium reaction against Naturalism and Realism spirituality, imagnination, dreams represents a more gothic side of Romanticism static, priestly Artists Caspar David Friedrich Fernand Khnopff John Henry Fuseli Gustave Moreau Edvard Munch Jan Toorop Fernand Khnopff "The Caress" Symbolism in art mythology, dreams to reveal the soul evocative no mainstream symbols very private, obscure, ambigious more like a philosophy influenced Art Nouveau and Les Nabis precursors of Surrealists "Symbolism plus Freud" Aftermath
ANNE BIOGRAPHY FATHER AN IRISH PROTESTANT, A CLERGYMAN IN YORKSHIRE MOTHER DIED IN THEIR CHILDHOOD VIVID IMAGINATION DRAWING, WRITING AND TELLING STORIES EDUCATED AT A CHARITY SCHOOL GOVERNESSES "POEMS BY CURRER, ELLIS AND ACTON BELL" CAHRLOTTE 1816-1855 THE PROFESSOR (1857) JANE EYRE (1847) SHIRLEY (1849) VILLETTE (1853) JANE EYRE GREATLY AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL REALISTIC PICTURES + ROMANTICISM WOMAN'S PROBLEMS AND SOUL LONELINESS, POVERTY, SOCIAL INSIGNIFICANCE ATTACKS THE GREED AND LACK OF CULTURE OF THE BOURGEOISIE JANE EYRE SOCIETY CAN BE REFORMED BY MEANS OF EDUCATION INHUMAN EDUCATION SYSTEM OF CHARITY SCHOOLS FIGHT FOR WOMEN'S EMANCIPATION EMILY 1818 - 1848 WUTHERING HEIGHTS (1847) PLOT FULL OF MYSTERY REALISTISC THE TIME, PLACE,
Poe's best known fiction works are Gothic His most recurring themes : death (its physical signs) the effects of decomposition concerns of premature burial the reanimation of the dead, mourning Dark romanticism genre Wrote : horror satires humor tales hoaxes He used irony and ludicrous extravagance "Metzengerstein" - the first story that Poe is known to have published Poe reinvented science fiction responding in his writing to emerging technologies such as hot air balloons in "The Balloon-Hoax" He used themes specifically catered for mass market tastes. Disliked didacticism and allegory "Works with obvious meanings cease to be art."
4. It is ok to put milk and sugar in your tea and coffee or to drink them both without either. 5. If you've accidentally taken too much food and you cannot possibly eat it all you should say :"I'm sorry, but it seems that 'my eyes are bigger than my stomach." English literature Old English Renaissance literature Elizabethan Era Jacobean literature Caroline and Cromwellian literature Restoration literature Augustan literature Romanticism Sports Football is the national sport in England and plays a significant role in English culture. The modern global game of Football was first codified in 1863 in London . England is the joint oldest national team in the world, along with the Scotland national football team. The first recorded women's football match in England was more than 100 years ago but it is only in recent years that women's football has begun to
Author: Mary Shelley Genre: Novel Setting (time): 19th century Setting (place): North Pole, Europe (Switzerland, Scotland, England) Tone: magical, dark, mysterious, ghostly Themes: love, loneliness, science, human tendency Introduction Frankenstein was first published in March, 1818. This book is also known as The Modern Prometheus. Frankenstein is one of the most popular works of gothic horror and science fiction literature and it is considered to be one of the best known novels of English Romanticism. Characters Robert Walton: Walton is a well-educated sea captain who wants to explore the North Pole. He meets Victor there and then he writes Victor's story to his sister. Victor Frankenstein: A young man who is interested in science, chemistry and nature and he is the creator of the monster. Elizabeth Frankenstein: The wife of Victor and who is later killed by the monster. She is also Victors half-sister because she is adopted to his family at a very young age.
He was self-taught. He had a sense of design and an ability to render the characteristics of the bird. George Catlin (early-C19). He painted Indians and their life. The paintings are authentic and lively. He spent some eight years living with them. His style is sketchy, free and more graphic than painterly. Among his works are portraits. Subsidiary artists: Richard C. Woodville, John Quidor. History and Portraiture. In mid-C19, few were concerned with history paintings. Romanticism was intensified. Nudity became a freshly observed experience. Portraiture remained the most stable source of income for most artists but interest and technique withered. Artists: William Page, Emanuel Leutze. Civil War till C20 General Trends. Borrowing from Europe gave late-C19 American art an eclectic appearance. Art activity was strengthened after the Civil War by way of museums, institutions and art schools; also in the increase of artists,
He was self-taught. He had a sense of design and an ability to render the characteristics of the bird. George Catlin (early-C19). He painted Indians and their life. The paintings are authentic and lively. He spent some eight years living with them. His style is sketchy, free and more graphic than painterly. Among his works are portraits. Subsidiary artists: Richard C. Woodville, John Quidor. History and Portraiture. In mid-C19, few were concerned with history paintings. Romanticism was intensified. Nudity became a freshly observed experience. Portraiture remained the most stable source of income for most artists but interest and technique withered. Artists: William Page, Emanuel Leutze. Civil War till C20 General Trends. Borrowing from Europe gave late-C19 American art an eclectic appearance. Art activity was strengthened after the Civil War by way of museums, institutions and art schools; also in the increase of artists,
Robert Southey (1774 1843): was an poet of the Romantic school and Poet Laureate for 30 years from 1813 to his death in 1843. Some of his major works are : "The fall of Robespierre" , "Thalaba the destroyer" and " The Cid" Sir Walter Scott, 1st Baronet (1771 1832): was a prolific Scottish historical novelist and poet, popular throughout Europe during his time. Some of his novels : " Rob Roy" , "Ivanhoe" and "The Pirate" George Gordon Byron (1788 1824) a leading figure in Romanticism. Major works: " Don Juan" and "Manfred" Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792 1822) : is critically regarded among the finest lyric poets in the English language. Major works: "Frankenstein" and " Mont Blanc" John Keats (1795 1821): was an English poet who became one of the key figures of the Romantic movement. Work: "Ode to a Nightingale", "Women , wine and snuff" and " I stood tiptoe upon a little hill" Romantic age and the age of Reason. Differences.
parental and filial relationship, the "generation of fathers" is represented by Nikolai Petrovich Kirsanov, Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov and Yevgeny Vassilievich Bazarov. The `fathers' can be seen as the contemporaries of the "superfluous man" and romantic idealists, who had a carefully shaped taste of arts and sense in beauty. Vishnyakova (2011) puts it, "The "fathers" were reading the German idealists, admired French romanticism, unconditionally worshiped beauty, and strongly believed in a hierarchy of moral values that were not human conventions." Indeed, this characterisation is mainly brought forward by typical Turgenev's literary tools; he presents his `fathers' with a radically different generation of `nihilists' and from this contrast, the main critique and description of the very generation of Turgenev himself arises. Freeborn (1960:99) comments that radicalism/nihilism (Turgenev
· Edwin Abbott Abbott(1838-1926)was an English clergyman and writer.He was born in London. He wrote several theological works and a biography (1885) of Francis Bacon, but he is best known for his Shakespearian Grammar (1870) and religious allegory the Flatland. William Blake · William Blake (17571827) was an English poet, philosopher and artist.He was one of the most extraordinary personalities to emerge during the period of Romanticism. He believed that spiritual reality lies hidden behind the visible world of the senses and he attempted to create a symbolic language to represent his spiritual visions. He began printing his own illustrated poems in colour in 1787. The first example was Songs of innocence(1789). Towards the end of his life, he joined a circle of younger artists who appreciated his remarkable powers. It was not until the late 19th century that Blake's work achieved general attention
The metaphysical and symbolic style, the juxtaposition of tones and the innovative narrative technique make it a rich and a complex work which encompasses many themes, including the battle between man and nature, the conflict between good and evil and man's quest to live in a largely hostile world. The emergence of the Transcendentalist movement in New England in the middle years of the century marked a significant break from the Puritan tradition. Influenced by English Romanticism and German and Eastern philosophies, the Transcendentalist exalted feeling and intuition over reason. They rebelled against the materialism of contemporary society and rejected the established Church. Unlike the Puritans, they believed that man was fundamentally good and should be allowed to develop free from rules and restrictions. The most influential figures in the Transcendentalist school were the poet and philosopher Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803- 82) and the novelist Henry David Thoreau.
She modestly states that she "greatly esteems" Edward Ferrars, a remark typical of her rational, sensible attitude. In contrast, her younger sister Marianne, who more closely resembles their mother, is "everything but prudent." She longs for a man with taste, grace, spirit, and fire in his eyes, and considers her sister cold-hearted in her calm and tempered regard for Edward Ferrars. Their younger sister Margaret, age thirteen, also shares Marianne's excessive romanticism. Elinor thus stands out in her family as the only sensible and rational woman. The sensibility of Marianne and Mrs. Dashwood manifests itself in their excessive mourning over the deaths of the two men, in contrast to Elinor's more silent grief. Not only are they overcome by sadness at the loss of first Old Mr. Dashwood and then Henry, but they then carry on dramatically about having to leave Norland and move to the smaller cottage. Before
No historical accuracy or time (“once upon a time…”); blend beauty with terror. Examples: Ann Radcliffe’s The Mysteries of Udolpho, Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, works of Clara Reeve, Harriet Lee and Charlotte Smith. Beginning of the 19th century – romanticism and realism End of the 18th century – beginning of romantic literature in England. Roughly appeared in England in 1798, when William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge jointly published Lyrical Ballads; approximate end in 1832 with the death of Walter Scott.
earn is for them to keep. There are no Kings or Dictators ruling the lower class. There is a huge amount of personal and financial freedom to be gained in American during this time. Crevecoeur states that "each person works for himself". American became a classless society during the Enlightenment period where each individual was allowed as much room to grow as needed. The Age of Romanticism. The early romantic writers. Washington Irving as a transitional figure from the traditions of the Enlightenment to those of Romanticism. Romanticism (or the Romantic era/Period) was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1840. Partly a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, it was also a
Tales; (also inspired by nature many descriptions of nature, in many works discussed the role of man and woman in society; morbid themes/deaths etc.); · His works: Collection ,,Poems", ,,The Epic. Morte d'Arthur", ,,Idylls of a King", ,,The Holy Grail", ,,In Memoriam A.H.H" · Other important Victorian poets: Robert Browning, Matthew Arnold, Gabriel and Christina Rossetti, Gerard Manley Hopkins · Describe their works in general: Influenced by Romanticism, all the works had sth dramatic and "dark", escaping from the industrial ugliness into unspoilt beauty; poetry maintained sensuousness and imagination of the Romantic times; the great problems of the day; Tennyson's favourite themes were conflict of religion and science; wrote much about death and other morbid themes; Browning's works were full on monologues, psychological insight into man's motives and passions; Rossetti's works have medieval subjects and forms (like ballad) and dreamy
The cathedral of Saint Mary the Virgin in Tallinn .http://www.eelk.ee/~eelk109/english.htm The Organ The Tallinn Dome Church organ, that was built in 1878 by an organ builder of Weissenfeld Friedrich Landegast , rebuilt in 1913/14 by a famous German organbuilding enterprise Orgelwerkstatt Wilhelm Sauer and renovated by Christian Scheffler (Frankfurt/Oder), has an outstanding position in world organ-history. The organ is a marvelous mixture of both Classicism and late Romanticism. During the intensive renovation in 1998´s seven months the complete cleaning and restoration of the pipes, the creation of the missing registers and pipes, the renewing of the leather parts, the cleaning and renovation of the keyboard, the control of the bellows and the intoning of the organ and the tuning on the original pitch 435 Hz at the temperature 15 ´C was done. As in 1914 the I World War cancelled the full accomplishment of the organ and the following decades
at Niguliste Museum; · European and Russian art from the period between 16th 20th century in the Kadriorg Palace, and a valuable collection of the 16th 20th c. art from Western Europe, Russia and China, donated to the museum by Johannes Mikkel, at Mikkel Museum at Kadriorg Art Museum; · Art of Adamson-Eric (19021968), one of the most outstanding Estonian painters of the 20th century, at Adamson-Eric Museum; · national romanticism of an Estonian artist of the first generation, Kristjan Raud (1865 1943), at Kristjan Raud House Museum located in Nõmme, in the premises of the final home of the artist. Kadriorg Art Museum The Kadriorg palace and park were founded by the Russian czar Peter I. According to the designs of the architect Niccolo Michetti, invited from Rome, the palace was built after the Italian villas, consisting of a main building and of two annexes.
Uurimistöö alused e. UT 18.09.2015, reede referaat - teiste inimeste mõtete edasiandmine refereerituna uurimsutöö - lisad referaadile lisaks ka enda osa NB! Uurimustöö ei ole referaat! Uurimistöö on mingi teema tutvustamine ja millegi uurimine. Uurimistöö aitab välja selgitada mingite nähtuste,objektide sisu ja toimimist ning annab ka väikese panuse üldiste küsimuste lahendamisele. Uurimistöö eesmärk, kasulikud oskused: Uute teadmiste saamine Aja planeerimine Info kogumise oskus Teadmiste kasutamine ja arendamine Kriitline lugemine ja info selekteerimine (Ettevalmistus kõrgkooliks) NB! Uurimistöö teema valitakse 11.klassi sügisel ning peab olema valmis 11.klassi lõpuks. Millest alustada? Teema valik (mis mind üldse huvitab?) Materjalide v...
literature of several independent nations once a part of what was historically Rus', the Russian Empire or the Soviet Union. The roots of Russian literature can be traced to the Middle Ages, when epics and chronicles in Old Russian were composed. By the Age of Enlightenment, literature had grown in importance, and from the early 1830s, Russian literature underwent an astounding golden age in poetry, prose and drama. Romanticism permitted a flowering of poetic talent: Vasily Zhukovsky and later his protégé Alexander Pushkin came to the fore. Prose was flourishing as well. The first great Russian novelist was Nikolai Gogol. Then came Ivan Turgenev, who mastered both short stories and novels. Leo Tolstoy and Fyodor Dostoyevsky soon became internationally renowned. In the second half of the century Anton Chekhov excelled in short stories and became a leading dramatist. The beginning of the 20th
One of the abts/the best was given by Jonathan Swift: ,,Proper words in proper places." In present- day english, the world style is used in about half a dozen basic meanings. 1. the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his ideas. Some speak about the style of Hemingway, Dickens etc. 2. the manner of expressing ideas, characteristic of a literary movement or period. Style of symbolism, romanticism 3. the use of language to pick a literary genre-comedy, novel, drama, O.D (poetic form) etc. 4. the selective use of language that depends on spheres of human activity fiction, scientific prose, newspapers, official documents, business correspondenc etc. Style bears the stamp of indivual usage, that is every writer has a unique pattern/habit and abilities that form his style. This approach is best illustrated in the well-known victum of the french poet Georges-Louis
prices. Due to the shortage of land and the large number of buyers, the prices were much higher than in Russia. The peasants made use of long-term bank credits, which they later paid back from income received from growing flax and potatoes. By the end of the 19th century, the peasants in South Estonia (Livonian province) possessed over 80% and in North Estonia (Estonian province) 50% of the available farmland. Influenced by the French Revolution, the ideas of Romanticism and the newly emerging German national consciousness, the mid-19th century also witnessed the national awakening of the Estonians. The leading force in the Estonian national movement was the new elite -- primarily the emerging intellectuals aspiring to better their social position, the middle layer consisting of civil servants, merchants and artisans, and, increasingly, the ethnic Estonian clergy. The low social status and the lack of the right to make any decisions, a
ancients for writing on waxed tablets. Soon, the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. Jonathan Swift said: ,, Style is proper words in proper places" Present day--half a dozen meanings: · the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his ideas (Style of Byron) · the manner of expressing ideas characteristic of a literary movement or period (symbolism, romanticism) · the use of lg. typical of a literary genre (comedy, drama, novel) · the selective use of lg that depends on spheres of human activity. These are called functional styles or registers (fiction, newspaper) Stylistics is the study of style. However, for some reason, English stylistics is less developed than French, German or Russian. The term ,,stylistics"came into more common use in English only some 35 years ago
incorporated values and behaviours of a host culture into her/his identity. In the case of lifestyle travellers, however, adopted sets of values and behaviours arguably derive more from appropriating elements of backpacker subculture, influenced by time spent in backpacker enclaves or ‘traveller bubbles’ (Wilson & Richards, 2008), rather than through engagement with indigenous communities. Drawing on a hybridisation of orientalism, romanticism and 1960s counterculture, lifestyle travellers (re)produce ideals of freedom, spontaneity and challenge that are embedded in a shared ideology of backpacking in order to justify their lifestyle choice: I think travel affords me a whole lot of really good lifestyle things that are a little harder to find when you stay in the same place. So, for example, really simple words like freedom, spontaneity, aloneness, miracles, and newness (Ryan, Australian, 48).
Denial of conventions, traditional structure, plot and presentation of character. The stream of consciousness. Allusiveness. Virginia Woolf's Modern Fiction as a theoretical platform for Modernism. Criticism of Realist literary method. Literary modernism: end of the 19th century-1920 (reached its height) and ended 1940s. A self- conscious break with traditional aesthetic forms. Rejecting the sentiment and discursiveness typical of Romanticism and Victorian literature for poetry that instead favored precision (täppis) of imagery and clear, sharp language. Modernist writers embraced the unconscious fears of a darker humanity. Sub movements: surrealism, formalism, avant-garde, symbolism, imagism Structuralism: Writers used myth and music as a part of the books structure. J. Joyce "Ulysses". Deep structure is the same as in "odyssey" and T.S. Elliot "the fisher king"-more complicated experiment
Many Estonian musicians and artists were scattered all over Russia. During 1917-1920 they returned to their homeland. At the beginning of the republican period Heino Eller, having graduated from the Conservatoire in St. Petersburg in 1920, rose to the fore among other composers. His first outstanding composition, still well known, is the tone poem Koit (Dawn, 1920). With this work Eller introduced several novel features into Estonian symphonism. The influences of Romanticism are felt (Grieg) and the epic tone reveals Nordic crispness.1 The main theme sounds fresh in its pastoral-elegiac mood: Example 17. In harmonisation the composer makes use of crisp diatonics in unison with seventh chords. The secondary theme exists only conventionally, being a phrase long image; a link in the transition process shaping no independent section: Example 18. The character of this Fl-Cl motion in thirds on a mild background of figurative
The precise definition was given by Jonathan Swift, who defined style as "proper words in proper places". In present day English the word "style" is used in about a dozen of principle meanings: 1. the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his/her ideas (e.g. style of Byron). 2. the manner of expressing ideas, characteristic of a literary movement or period (e.g. symbolism, romanticism, renaissance). 3. the use of language typical of a literary genre (e.g. the style of a comedy, drama, novel). 4. the selective use of language that depends on spheres / areas of human activity (e.g. style of fiction, scientific prose, newspapers, business correspondence, etc.). These are called functional styles or registers. Stylistics is the study of style.
slave, dehumanize, and destroy. Like any archetypal system, like any philosophy or creed, the heroic form can be warped and used with great effect for ill intention. In the p o s t - H i t l e r period the idea of hero has been given a rest as the cul ture re-evaluates itself. Dispassionate, cold-blooded anti-heroes are more in keeping with the current German spirit. A tone of unsentimental realism is more popular at present, although there will always be a strain of romanticism and love of fantasy. Germans can enjoy imaginative hero tales from other cultures but don't seem com fortable with home-grown romantic heroes for the time being. XX PREFACE THE HERO A S W A R R I O R More generally, the Hero's Journey has been criticized as an embodiment of a male- dominated warrior culture. Critics say it is a propaganda device invented to encourage
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