Native Americans. ¤ over 500 nations/tribes ¤ closeness to nature ¤ europeans came for the free land ¤ less civilized ¤ they lived in teepee's ¤ they hunted buffalos for food, clothing BERENGIA- Land Bridge connecting Asia (Siberia) to Alaska 1500 km wide North to South 65 000 B.P (before the present) rised out of the sea to 40 000 B.P a wave when people came from west. 36 000-32 000 B.P arrived people CHEROKEE. Southeast U.S- their heartland, not on the ocean. Lanuage + customs + weapons-> related to IROQUIS family of nations (Iroquis lived around Great Lakes) 1300 A.D. established in South East U.S Classical Cherokee Civilization 16th-19th centuries MATERINEAL-(,,mother line") women controlled home, family, children, inheritana, clan membership. Men hunted and made babies. Cherokee Wedding Ceremony- ¤groom brings meat(,,hunter") ¤ bride brings other food (grains, berries etc.) -> prooves that she's ,,homemaker" They step on the Cere...
These species now constitute 5060% of all crops in cultivation worldwide. The Inuit (Eskimos) and some Indian tribes of the far north relied almost entirely on hunting and fishing to survive. Some Native Americans were primarily big game hunters, migrating frequently to follow herds of bison or caribou. The Blackfoot and Sioux are two examples of big game hunting tribes. Clothing and feathers Native american dress Woodlands Native Americans wore clothes made from animal skins with the fur called pelts
Estonian native trees and shrubs Puud 1. Kuusk- spruce 2. Mänd – pine 3. Kadakas - juniper 4. Kask - birch 5. Tamm - oak 6. Haab - aspen 7. Sanglepp – black alder 8. Hall lepp – gray alder 9. Pärn - linden 10.Vaher - maple Põõsad 11.Saar – ash higher 12.Jalakas – elm 1. magesõstar – alpine currant 13.Künnapuu – soft-leaved elm 2. näsiniin - daphne 14.Sarapuu - hazel 3. kukerpuu - barberry 15.Türnpuu – common buckthorn 4. kibuvits - dog rose 16.Kuslapuu - honeysuckle 5. põõsasmaran – tundra rose 17.Toomingas – bird cherry 6. harilik porss – sweet gale 18.Paakspuu – alder buckthorn 7. tuhkpuu – cotoneaster 19.Pihlakas - rowan 20.Lodjapuu – guelder rose 21.Remmelgas - willow 22.Kikkapuu – spindle tree 23.Jugapuu - yew 24.Viirpuu - hawthorn
Notions for The New World Native Americans Origin of Native Americans Nearly one-third of Native American genes come from west Eurasian people linked to the Middle East and Europe, rather than entirely from East Asians as previously thought, according to a newly sequenced genome. Native peoples of North and South America descended from ancestors who arrived via land bridges from East Asia, possibly in a single migration. Different tribes and their way of life The men were hunters, warriors, and protectors, while the women tended to the children, their homes, and farmed. It depended on the tribe when it came to artwork. In some tribes, the men would actually weave baskets and blankets. Natural foods were consumed and hunted. Deer, buffalo, fish, and various birds
islands in the Caribbean Sea). · The flag consists of a gold saltire, which divides the flag into four sections: two of them green (top and bottom) and two black (hoist and fly). · black representing the strength and creativity of the people which has allowed them to overcome the odds, gold for the wealth of the country and the golden sunshine, and green for the lush vegetation of the island. · Coat of arms: On the dexter side a West Indian Native Woman holding in the exterior hand a Basket of Fruits and on the sinister side a West Indian Native Man supporting by the exterior hand a Bow all proper. · The motto : "Out of Many, One People" - as tribute to the unity of the different cultural minorities inhabiting the nation. · Capital and largest city: Kingston · Official languages : jamaican English, National language: Jamaican Patois. · Ethnic groups (2011): 92.1% African, 6.1% Mixed, 0.8% Indian, 0.4% Other, 0
LONG BEFORE the white man set foot on American soil, the American Indians, or rather the Native Americans, had been living in America. When the Europeans came here, there were probably about 10 million Indians populating America north of present-day Mexico. And they had been living in America for quite some time. It is believed that the first Native Americans arrived during the last ice-age, approximately 20,000 - 30,000 years ago through a land-bridge across the Bering Sound, from northeastern Siberia into Alaska. The oldest documented Indian cultures in North America are Sandia (15000 BC), Clovis (12000 BC) and Folsom (8000 BC) Although it is believed that the Indians originated in Asia, few if any of them came from India. The name "Indian" was first applied to them by Christopher Columbus, who
compensate. Application – Encourage both accuracy Application – Support your students, and risk-taking, carefully sequence choose techniques that challenge but techniques to ensure learner success. don’t overwhelm, move from teacher- controlled to student-controlled activities gradually. Socioaffective Principles Linguistic Principles 9. Language-Culture Connection 10. Native Language Effect Successfully learning a language In beginning levels, many errors are means learning about the culture, too. caused by native language Application – Discuss cross-cultural interference. Native language can also differences and respect. facilitate learning. Application – Point out common errors
SUURBRITANIA,ROOTSI,POOLA,SLOVAKKIA. 1) Võrdle metsaressursse 4s riigis.Milline neist riikidest on metsarikkaim? metsavaeseim? Milliste näitajate põhjal otsustasite? Kõige rikkaim neis riikidest on ROOTSI , sest Rootsis on ligikaudu 27,5 (1000 ha) metsa. Area (1000 hectares) FRA 2005 categories 1990 2000 2005 Forest 27,367 27,474 27,528 Võrdluseks: SLOVAKKIAKS: Area (1000 hectares) RA 2005 categories 1990 2000 2005 Forest 1,922 1,921 1,929 SUURBRITANNIAKS ...
English lexicology Size of English vocabulary. Average speaker 45,000-60,000 words, a total of about 200,000. Core and periphery. English has been heavily influenced by other languages. 31.8 % comes from Old English, 45% comes from French, 16,7% comes from Latin, 4,2% other germanic languages and 2,3 other languages. The very core is mono-syllabic (93 of the first 100 words and the other seven are two-syllabic). The core vocabulary is predominantly germanic. Native and foreign element. Native words belong to very important semantic group (modal verbs-shall, will, can, may; pronouns- I, you, he, my, his; preps- in, out, under; numerals and conjunctions::but, till, as. Native words are head, arms, back; mother, brother, son, wife; snow, rain, wind, sun; cat, sheep, cow; old, young, cold, hot, dark; do, make, go, come, see. Many native words have developed many meanings (nt, hand, man, head). Most native words have become parts of set expressions, borrowed words haven't.
``Love medicine`` Louise Erdrich Introduction My name is Karl-Erik Lett. The title of my book is Love medicineand the autor of this book is Louise Erdich. This book was Publisher in 1984. I really enjoyed reading this book, seeing events from different point of views was facinating and made reading interesting. I chose this book because of its interesting title. Native American government policy is a recurrent topic, especially because the Kashpaw family is (according to Nector) “respected as the last hereditary leaders of this tribe. Loss of a cultural identity and Native American spirituality characterizes and separates the two generations in Love Medicine: “They gave you worthless land to start with and then they chopped it out from under your feet. They took your kids away and stuffed the English language in their mouth
and Erika Salumäe and discus throwers Gerd Kanter and Aleksander Tammert. culture Traditionally, Estonia has been seen as an area of rivalry between western and eastern Europe on many levels.The Estonian Academy of Arts (Estonian: Eesti Kunstiakadeemia, EKA) is providing higher education in art, design, architecture, media, art history and conservation while Viljandi Culture Academy of University of Tartu has an approach to popularize native culture through such curricula as native construction, native blacksmithing, native textile design, traditional handicraft and traditional music, but also jazz and church music. In 2010, there were 245 museums in Estonia whose combined collections contain more than 10 million objects.
Adj forming suffixes(suit-able, tempora-ry, beauti-ful, penny-less, famou-s) numeral forming suffixes(four-teen, four-ty, fif-th) Adverb forming suffixes(slow-ly, home-wards) Affixes are dead they are no longer felt as part of words(nt, dea-d, sai-l) and living (easyly recognized). Living affixes are non-productive (not used today but yet we may recognize them(nt, some-handsome, hood-childhood) and productive that are used at present (nt, de, re pre, non, un). Affixes are native and borrowed. Native ones are those that existed in OE period (ish, dom, ful, teen). They used to be indipendent words. Foreign affixixes are viewed according to the lg they come from (nt, Latin- able; deca-dent, expect-ancy) Hybrids are for example read plus able. Some words have elements that belong to different languages, they are hybrids. Diminutive suffixes express fondness or a small size (nt, daddy, booklet, pussykin). Derigatory express neg attitude (nt, gangster) . Negative prefixes are un, non, mis dis . 9
Despite seeing land, the crew of the `Mayflower' searched for another month to find somewhere to land. Where they eventually landed was called New Plymouth. On December 25th, after finding a place where the `Mayflower' could be safely anchored, the Pilgrim Fathers began to build the first house for common use. By February 1621, 50% of the Pilgrim Fathers had died as a result of the cold weather and the inadequate housing that they had built for themselves. A Native American called Squanto helped those Pilgrim Fathers who survived the harsh winter. He showed them how to sow maize and how to cultivate the crop. Seeds brought from England were of little use in their new environment. By the summer of 1621, the Pilgrim Fathers had built houses for themselves and had gathered up a small harvest. They were well recovered in health and strength, and had all things in good plenty. For, as some were thus working in the fields,
Ursula 10. klass Navajo Artwork Navajo Artwork The Navajo are well-known for their many crafts including weaving of blankets and rugs, silversmithing, basketry and sandpainting. Authentic Navajo art or handcraft consists of handmade items produced by a Native American craftsperson, using high-quality, natural materials that are not machine stamped. The Navajo people are regarded as being the pioneers of Native American art. They are particularly renowned for their rugs and unique silversmithing techniques. They were also pioneers when it came to basketry and are recognized the world over for their basket weaving skills. Rug Weaving Commercial production of handwoven blankets and rugs has been an important element of the Navajo economy. Rug weaving is another traditional Navajo art form. Navajo women believe the
Kikapuu keel Kikapuu keelt peavad mõned lingvistid ka mesquakie keele(või teisiti kutsudes ka inglise keeles fox keele) üheks dialektiks, aga siiski peetakse teda ka omaette keeleks ning on kõigis minu esitletud allikates määratletud kui omaette keel. Kikapuu keel kuulub algonkini keelte hulka (Wiktionary). Keele kõnelejate arv on viimaste teadaolevate andmete järgi 510, aga kikapuu kõnelejate populatsiooni mõõdeti USAs viimati 2007 aastal ja Mexikos 2000. aastal, seega võivad arvud olla tänaseks muutunud. Andmed pärinevad etnoloogia maailma keelte teadmiku 19. väljaandest, mis tuli välja sellel ehk 2016. aastal. (The Endangered Languages Project.). Kõnelemise piirkondi on antud keelel kolm ja need on üksteisest küllaltki kaugel. Kaks nendest kohtadest asuvad USAs. Esimene piirkond on USA keskosast põhja pool, Michigani järvest edelasuunas. Teine asukoht on USA keskosa lõunapiirkonn...
The judicial branch interprets the meaning of laws, applies laws to individual cases, and decides if laws violate the Constitution. 10. The first Americans lived in teepees and hunted buffalos. There were many different tribes and their food, clothing, homes and art varied according to the climate and landscape around them. In West the tribes were hunters and in Southwest the tribes grew corn. American Indians today prefer to be called Native Americans, they helped the early settlers to adapt a life in a new country. When the settlers wanted to take over tribal land the Native American were forced to move to seperate areas called reservations. Traditional Indian culture (including dances, religion and language) was forbidden. Today there are about 2 million Native Americans who live on the 278 reservations across the country. Modern Native Americans take
Captain John Smith described Pocahontas as being 11 years old when she saved him " You shall call me child an I shall call you father ." Pocahontas saving John Smith Pocahontas ,,Pocahontas" is an animated Disney movie released in 1995 A musical romancedrama The first animated Disney film to be based on a real historic character Features a fictionalized account of Pocahontas' encounter with John Smith and the other settlers Pocahontas and Smith fall in love The native tribeman try to execute Smith but Pocahontas manages to save him Smith takes the bullet from the native chief, who is shot by the governor of Jamestown Smith leaves for England but Pocahontas stays with her tribe What made Captain John Smith 's colony successful? He made all healthy people gather food Trade with Indians His manner of fair trading gained the Indians' respect Using bluff and sternness to make his point with the Indians and never ambushing and murdering any Indians
Hugo Treffneri Gümnaasium XXXXX Uus-Meremaa pärismaiste konnade väljasuremine ja kaitse Referaat Juhendaja: XXXX Tartu 2009 Sisukord SISUKORD..............................................................................................................................................................3 SISSEJUHATUS.....................................................................................................................................................4 1.KONNADE LÜHITUTVUSTUS........................................................................................................................5 1.1.PÄRISMAISED KONNAD....................................................................................................................................5 1.1.1.Archey ...
• WRITTEN, CO-PRODUCED, AND CO-EDITED BY JAMES CAMERON • STARRING SAM WORTHINGTON, ZOE SALDANA, STEPHEN LANG, MICHELLE RODRIGUEZ, GIOVANNI RIBISI, AND SIGOURNEY WEAVER • FILMED IN APRIL 2007 IN LOS ANGELES AND WELLINGTON, NEW ZEALAND • WON OSCAR THE BEST ACHIEVEMENT IN VISUAL EFFECTS • NOMINATED FOR AN OSCAR THE BEST FILM OVERVIEW WHEN HIS BROTHER IS KILLED IN A ROBBERY, JAKE SULLY DECIDES TO TAKE HIS PLACE IN A MISSION ON THE WORLD OF PANDORA. THERE HE LEARNS THE NATIVE HUMANOID NA VI AND KNOWS THAT IN ORDER TO MINE FOR THE RICH MATERIAL SCATTERED THROUGHOUT THEIR RICH WOODLAND. IN EXCHANGE FOR THE SPINAL SURGERY THAT WILL FIX HIS LEGS, JAKE GATHERS INTEL FOR THE COOPERATING MILITARY UNIT IS ON HAND GUNG-HO COLONEL QUARITCH, WHILE OPERATION ATTEMPTING TO INVESTIGATE THE NA'VI PEOPLE WITH THE USE OF AN "AVATAR" IDENTITY. WHILE JAKE BEGINS TO LEARN THE NA VI PEOPLE AND THE NATIVE, HE FALLS QUICKLY IN LOVE WITH
Art Australian visual arts are thought to have begun with the cave paintings, rock engravings and body painting of its Indigenous peoples. Media The Australian cinema industry began with the 1906 release of The Story of the Kelly Gang, which is regarded as being the world's first feature-length film. Culture. Cuisine The food of Indigenous Australians was largely influenced by the area in which they lived. Most tribal groups subsisted on a simple huntergatherer diet, hunting native game and fish and collecting native plants and fruit. The general term for native Australian flora and fauna used as a source of food is bush tucker. The wine regions in each of these states produce different wine varieties and styles that take advantage of local climates and soil types. The predominant varieties are Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Merlot, Sémillon, Pinot noir, Riesling, and Sauvignon blanc. Sport
Pidgins, creoles and standard language Pidgin language A simplified language Mainly employed in trade NOT the native language of any community may be built from words, sounds, or body language from multiple other languages and cultures No particular rules Chinese Pidgin English a pidgin lexically based on English and influenced by Chinese developed in 17th century in China Began to decline during the 19th century, when standard English began to be taught in schools Chinese Pidgin English Some characteristics: Based on a vocabulary of 700 English words
Culture of the United States About · The United States is a multicultural nation, home to a wide variety of ethnic groups, traditions, and values. · A side from the now small Native American and Native Hawaiian populations, nearly all Americans or their ancestors immigrated within the past five centuries. · Mainstream American culture is a Western culture largely derived from the traditions of European immigrants with influences from many other sources, such as traditions brought by slaves from Africa. Food · Slow-cooked pork and beef barbecue, crab cakes, potato chips, and chocolat chip cookies are distinctively American styles.
THE PEOP L E O F T H E AM E R I CA . I-LI IS, GRETE JA MA RTIN K. KOOSTASID: MA R IN THE BEGINNING. • WHEN COLUMBUS DISCOVERED AMERICA, THERE WAS ABOUT 10 MILLION NATIVE AMERICANS. • NEXT 200 YEARS, PEOPLE OF SEVERAL COUNTRIES SAILED ACROSS THE ATLANTIC OCEAN TO SETTLE AMERICA, WHICH WAS CALLED ‘’THE NEW WORLD’’. • PEOLE TOOK AWAY NATIVE AMERICAN’S LAND AND BROUGHT ILLNESSES THAT THEY COULDN’T SURVIVE. IRISH IN 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES. • AMERICA WAS DREAM TO MANY IRISH. • FIRST PEOPLE WHO CAME TO AMERICA WERE MAINLY EDUCATED PEOPLE. • BELIVED THAT AMERICA WAS RICH LAND FULL OF OPPURTUNITIES FOR EVERYBODY. • THE LETTERS INVITED PEOPLE TO FOLLOW THE HAPPY SETTLERS THROUGHT THE „GOLDEN DOOR“. A ‘NEW’ BEGINNING FOR THE POOR. • IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 19TH CENTURY MILLIONS OF
· On independence, great deal of support from Israel · Mandatory military service · Troops in Iraq, Afghanistan, East Timor and Indonesia Demographics · 62 % citizens, 38 % foreigners · 1400 cellphones per 1000 people · Low birth rate, immigration · In 2009, 74,2 % Chinese, 13,4 % Malay and 9,2 % Indian descent Language · 4 official languages : English, Malay, Mandarin and Tamil · English is the common language · It's the native tongue for 33 % · 20 % can't read or write in English · 50 % native Chinese speakers · Malay is the "national language" for symbolic purposes Thank you for listening! References · http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore · http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/comm ons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/800 px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png · http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/comm ons/thumb/3/34/Singapore_skyline_viewed_ from_Chinatown_at_sunset_ %288458095845%29
At the time when Columbus discovered America, there were about 10 million Native Americans. During the next 200 years, people from several European countries sailed across the Atlantic to settle the New World. Native Americans suffered from the hands of the new settlers. A many educated people from Ireland, like teachers or doctors, left their country and came to America. They wrote letters to their families, where they said that America was full of new opportunities for everybody. In the middle of the 19th century many British people started they journey to America from Liverpool. A great number of settlers were the Irish who left their country after the
native speakers, learned by foreigners. It is used in broadcasting, TV, news etc. It doesn't concern pronounciation (accent), but grammar and vocabulary. It includes formal and informal styles. British Standard English grammar and vocabulary, together with the RP accent should be called English English. RP (Received Pronounciation) is an accent that originates from South-East of England. A social accent, associated only with England. 12-15% of native speakers in England use Standard English (BrEng). 3-5% of them use RP (EngEng). Non-standard varieties of English are often called dialects. They are any other dialect of English other than Standard English. They are stigmatized as shameful and inferior, socially lower. Judging people by their accent might, however, be offensive. These varieties are connected to race in US and class in UK. Grammatical and lexical differences throughout the world in the English language are rather insignificant
Most of the people live in towns, the population of the countryside is becoming smaller and smaller. African-Americans or "blacks" are descendants of slaves, who were brought by violence from Africa for sale in America. The slave trade began in the 1600s and was finally outlawed in 1808. There are about 24 million African-Americans in the country. In the 1950s and 1960s, blacks finally won the basic rights of all Americans. The first people who arrived in the Americas were the Native Americans. Many of them lived in small groups of about 20-50 people. Most of them were very peaceful people, who lived by hunting and collecting food. Other Native Americans lived in small villages, where they had farms. There are about two million Native Americans in the territory of the United States. They used to be called Indians because, when Christopher Columbus arrived in America, he thought he had reached India. The United States is made up of 50 States
cultures that developed in neighboring Mexico and the western United States. Still, more than two hundred years passed before Spain made any concerted effort to colonize the coastal regions Cabrillo claimed for the crown. Coastal winds and currents made the voyage north difficult, and Spanish captains failed to find safe harbors for their crafts. Baja California became the northwest limit of Spanish colonization, and even there, efforts to settle the area and bring native tribes to Christianity and European ways were halfhearted at best. Not until the Seven Years War (1756-1763) realigned European alliances and their colonial empires did Spain seriously attempt to assert control of Alta California. This was to be done through a combination of military forts (presidios) and mission churches overseen by Franciscan fathers led by Junípero Serra. In 1769, the first parties set north from Baja California, and the line of Spanish settlement
Mentha •Mentha arvensis – corn mint, wild sylvestris) – horse mint mint, Japanese peppermint, field mint, •Mentha piperita – peppermint banana mint •Mentha pulegium – pennyroyal •Mentha asiatica – Asian mint •Mentha requienii – Corsican mint •Mentha australis – Australian mint •Mentha sachalinensis – garden mint •Mentha canadensis – American wild •Mentha satureioides – native mint pennyroyal •Mentha cervina – Hart's pennyroyal •Mentha spicata (syn. M. viridis, M. •Mentha citrata – bergamot mint, cordifolia) – spearmint, curly mint (a orange mint cultivar of spearmint) •Mentha crispata – wrinkled-leaf mint •Mentha suaveolens – apple mint, •Mentha dahurica – Dahurian thyme pineapple mint (a variegated cultivar
Trindidad and Tobago 14Meh Kaur Ülejõe Official name of the country • Official name of the country is Republic of Trinidad and Tobago Motto • "Together we aspire, Together we achieve" National anthem • "Forged from the Love of Liberty" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7au6DJfG7zY Independence day • 1 August 1976 Polity/ Government/Head of state • Trinidad and Tobago is a republic with a two-party system and a bicameral parliamentary system based on the Westminster System. The head of state of Trinidad and Tobago is the President, currently Anthony Carmona. The head of government is the Prime Minister, currently Keith Rowley. The President is elected by an Electoral college consisting of the full membership of both houses of Parliament. Capital city • Port of Spain Largest city • Chaguanas Official language • Official language is English Top10 non-English languages spoken • Trinidadian Creole 1m...
I think that everyone can find something interesting for themselves, they just need to search. These days it is easy to find books, the library is full of books and there are many webpages where reader can read e-books online. Reading is not only fun and entertaining but it also improves your writing skill. From books we can learn many new words and write better essays in school. It really improves language and I don't mean foreign language but also native language. We can learn many new ways of saying things and so we can make our writing and talking much colorful by variety of words. I think that is very important for us to learn new words because if we hear them from news, tv, radio or read them from newspaper, magazine we know the meaning of the word. Knowing variety of words also shows our intelligence. Reading in foreign language is the one of the best ways to learn another language. For
They had to renew their menu from different kinds of plants and animals to those special ones found in the woods of England. Another important change was connected with moving around. An island has water surrounding it, so temporarily changing homes is not possible even if the northern part is too cold to live and the southern too warm. The inhabitants were cut off from any tribes that could support them and therefore had to survive on their own. As for more, soon invaders began to change the native population. The Celts, the Romans, the Vikings, then the Normandians all wanted to live somewhere, gain power and finally, settle down. Since they were not the first ones to live in England, it was a little bit easier for them to adopt the new land, yet none of their rule lasted long enough to defeat British nature from toe to top. Even now some parts of England have inhabitants whose distant relatives and great-great-great...parents origin from
Pronunciation Self correction The goals of the teacher are communication, demonstration instead of translation (the teacher used pictures and pointed to yourself....), they studied complete sentences. It is a teacher-centred method. (T. was the leader, asked questions). The teacher and students were sociable and easy-going. Students´ presentations were approved for several times. When an error occurred the teacher encouraged students to correct it themselves. No native language was used. · Traditional: audio-lingual method http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mqd7OdJoLn0 Audiolingual method Communicative language use Automatic use (habit formation) Teacher is a model for imitation Dialogues, drills (substitution, transformation, chain, etc) Right answers are positively reinforced Reading and written work is based on oral work Teacherled interaction Simple forms (everyday language) Focus on language structures
linked by good roads. But in rugged country, the nearest neighbours may be many kilometres away. As a result, some farmers live almost in isolation. Animals Due to its isolation New Zealand has unique wildlife. Most of New Zealands land animals have been introduced from other countries. Deer and rabbits as well as cattle, sheep and pigs were all brought by the European settlers. Two species of bats ar the only native mammals. There are no snakes in New Zealand. New Zealand has many native birds including the kakao parrot, the kea, the weta and the kiwi. A kiwi is a flightless nocturnal native bird, and the national bird of New Zealand. It has nostrils at the end of its beak and a good sense of smell. It is now endangered, and difficult to see in the wild. It lives in undergorund burrow and it can be quite fierce.
pace as its economy. Graddol's teaching in Hong Kong starts with a lecture called "World Englishes". He notes that he wrote his book "The Future of English" in 1997, same year when China got Hong Kong back from Britain. Graddol reminds the students, how many things wasn't happened then: euro was not put in use, even Windows 98 was not ready. He had been in Hong Kong before that, actually, making a TV-programme about global English for BBC, which showed that Putonghua, the native language, had become more important. Nevertheless, that programme was never completed, because no one thought it was interesting enough. Then Graddol writes about importance of language and how it should be assessed. He discusses whether it should be the number of speakers, their social status or even wealth and whether the number of speakers of Putonghua should include only native speakers, which is 1.3 billion people, or should they take other dialects into consideration too.
It is a parliamentary democracy and a republic. It is bordered to the northeast by Northern Ireland, which is a part of the United Kingdom, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean: particularly, the Irish Sea to the east, St George's Channel to the southeast, and the Celtic Sea to the south. The population of Ireland is estimated to be 6.2 million. Thick woodlands covered the island until the 1600s. Today, it is the most deforested area in Europe. Twenty-six mammal species are native to Ireland, with some, such as the red fox, hedgehog and badger, being very common. Others, like the Irish hare, red deer and pine marten are less so. In 1801, Ireland became a part of the United Kingdom. A war of independence in the early 20th century led to the partition of the island, creating the Irish Free State, which became increasingly sovereign over the following decades. Northern Ireland remained a part of the
amounts of organic matter. The leaves have a tendency to turn yellowish green when exposed to full sun under dry conditions – this reaction is normal, and is not necessarily a sign of poor health. This plant is very easy to grow, and it will spread under favorable conditions. This wildflower will adapt to lawns, especially if they are not mowed too often during the spring or cut too low. HABITAT & RANGE The native Common Blue Violet occurs in every county in Illinois and it is very common (see Distribution Map). Natural habitats include moist to mesic black soil prairies, open woodlands, woodland edges, savannas, and wooded slopes along rivers or lakes. Indeveloped areas, it can be found in lawns, city parks, moist waste areas, and along hedges or buildings. Sometimes the Common Blue Violet is grown in flower gardens. Varieties of blue violets PHOTOGRAPHIC LOCATION
of Helsinki, east of Stockholm and west of Saint Petersburg. Tallinn is situated on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, in north-western Estonia. Tallinn Population The registered population of Tallinn is 412,341 (as of 1 Dec 2010). According to Eurostat, in 2004 Tallinn had the largest number of non-EU nationals of all EU member states' capital cities.As of 2009 around 22% of its population are not EU citizens. In addition to the native Estonian language , English, Finnish and Russian are widely understood in Tallinn. Russian is also widely spoken as a native language. Ethnic composition (2009) Nationality Percentage Estonians 52.2% Russians 38.6% Ukrainians 3.8% Belarusians 2.1% Finns 0.6% Others 2.7% Coat of arms and flag of Tallinn Tourism Since independence, improving air and sea
.....................................................................................5 Plants...............................................................................................................................5 Animals...........................................................................................................................6 Population.......................................................................................................................6 The Native Australians....................................................................................................6 The Biggest cities............................................................................................................7 Economy.........................................................................................................................8 Sports..................................................................................................................
Society and culture of english-sspeaking countries Introduction 1. The countries of the world where the English language is spoken. 2. Approximate number of mother tongue speakers of English approximately 350-400 million native speakers. Which place does English occupy in the world by its number of speakers?After which language? English occupies second place by its number of speakers after Mandarin Chinese. 3. What is the difference between English as a Second Language, English as a Foreign Language and English for Specific Purposes? Give examples of situations where they are used. English as a Second Language (ESL or TESL) is a traditional term for the use or study of the
VICTORIA FALLS © MARIANN MÄGER, LOREEN LEPPIKSON, MAREK KÜNNAPAS Facts about Victoria Falls •David Livingstone named the falls in 1855 after Queen Victoria •Victoria Falls has a rainy season and a dry season •Native people called Victoria Falls ‘smoke that thunders. •Widest waterfall in the world. https://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=iywqpda7d8k THANKS FOR LISTENING!
Lawrence River, and with the Hudson river by a canal. In the west of the U.S.A. there is another big lake called the Great Salt Lake. The biggest rivers of the U.S.A. are the Mississippi, the second largest river in the world (6420 km), which flows into the Gulf of Mexico, the Colorado and the Columbia, which flow into the Pacific Ocean, and the Hudson River, which flows into the Atlantic Ocean. History The first people who arrived in the Americas were the Native Americans. Many of them lived in small groups of about 20-50 people. Most of them were very peaceful people, who lived by hunting and collecting food. Other Native Americans lived in small villages, where they had farms. When Columbus reached the Caribbean in 1492 he thought that he had landed in the East Indies in Asia, so he called the people there "Indians". After that thousands of Europeans arrived and they tried to take the land away from the Native Americans, so there were many wars
estimated 200 000 or more adults had been removed. The island of Floreana was populated with a group of convicts' in October 1832. Charls Darwin visited the island in 1835, he spent there 5 weeks. Nowadays five of the islands are populated with about 40 000 inhabitants. The name Island of Galapagos means island of tortoises. Every animal or plant had to cross about 1000 km of open ocean to arrive on Galapagos. Despite the trials of arrival, over 560 species of native plants, over 55 species of native land vertebrates and 1700 species of native insect are found on Galapagos. There are no large mammals, the key herbivores are reptiles, and the top predators are birds and snakes. Mammals on the Galapagos include two species of bat, two endemic rice rat species and its most famous mammals - the Galapagos sea lion and fur seal. There can be identified four broad categories of habitat (the coastal zone, the dry lowlands, a transition zone and the moist uplands), each with its distinctive species.
from the Southern Cross a prominent feature of the southern hemisphere night sky. Australia's coat of arms the official emblem of the Australian Government was granted by George V in 1912. The arms consist of a shield containing the badges of the six states. The supporters are native Australian fauna a kangaroo and an emu. A yellow- flowered native plant, wattle, also appears in the design. Canberra is the capital of Australia. It is very young city. Population is about 310,000 people. Capitol Hill Canberra Fountain Capital of New South Wales. Leading industrial city. Population: 3,200,000 people.
Topic The United States of America Tallinn 2007 1. Introduction The United States of America's territory is over 3.7 million square miles (over 9.6 million km²) and population more than 300 million people. The capital city is Washington D.C. Although the United States has no official language at the federal level, English is the de facto national language. English is the most common language for daily interaction among both native and non-native speakers. Spanish is the second language. The largest city is the New York City. The Government is Federal constitutional republic and the president is George W. Bush. 2. Geographical position The United States of America is located on the continent of North America. It has borders with two countries Mexico and Canada. There are also the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico surrounding the big country. There are 50 states in America. Most of the
South Africa The Pacific islands The two main groups are Britain and America. British English is the form of English used in the United Kingdom. American English is the form of English used in the United States. Comparison of American and British English American English has a great influence on the English language all over the world and has enriched it. About 70 precent of all native speakers of English live in America. The British people who settled in America ub the 17th century brought their language with them. The vocabulary of American English probably started developing on the first day after the arrival of the first English-speaking settlers, and it has continued to change for 400 years. As the New World had many plants,animals, and other things that were not found in Britian, the settlers added new words to their vocabulary every day. Their
Education: In 1992 graduated from Tartu University with summa cum laude. -Studied journalism. In 1988 finished high-school in Pärnu Coeducational School with gold medal Carreer: In 1992-1996 worked at Eesti Ekspress. -News reporter and illustrator. In 1996-2006 worked at Äripäev. -News reporter. Skills: Languages Estonian - native English wrtiting and conversation Russian writing and conversation Finnish - moderate Computers Microsoft Word and PowerPoint Photoshop
· Default arguments · Four levels of variable scope (global, class, instance, and local) denoted by sigils or the lack thereof · Garbage collection · First-class continuations · Strict boolean coercion rules (everything is true except false and nil) · Exception handling · Operator overloading · Built-in support for rational numbers, complex numbers and arbitrary-precision arithmetic · Custom dispatch behavior (through method_missing and const_missing) · Native threads and cooperative fibers · Initial support for Unicode and multiple character encodings (still buggy as of version 1.9) · Native plug-in API in C · Interactive Ruby Shell (a REPL) · Centralized package management through RubyGems · Implemented on all major platforms · Large standard library Thanks for watching
May 2006 graduated Cum Laude with GPA 4,9 out of 5,0 __________________________________________________________________________ Ahtme high school September 1990 May 2002 finished with gold medal Skills: Languages Estonian native English written, spoken, advanced conversation Finnish written, spoken, upper conversation Russian written, spoken, advanced conversation Referees: John Smith Philip Singer 5432 1608 5985 4027 [email protected] [email protected]
wagons, in comparison to the use of dogs. Iron and other metals brought to Alaska were prized for trading and making tools. Russia left a footprint in Alaska by establishing its first library and museums, as well as introducing Russian Orthodoxy to the locals(Alaska natives) (Russian Orthodox Church in Ninilchik, Alaska and also Chapel in Fort Ross, California). Some of the religious books were further translated into native languages. However, the Russians did great damage to the local environment by depleting the sea otter population. 4. Significance of the Jewish element in Russian immigration to the US. Immigration from Russia to the US in 18811914: Nearly 3.2 million immigrants from the Russian Empire. The most prominent Russian groups that immigrated in this period were the groups seeking freedom from religious prosecution. Nearly half of the immigrants were Jews
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