1. Feminism movement , ideology to defend women ’s rights
Suffrage – right to vote
2.
Feminism
isn’t a unitary movement because it represents different women a
nd
different experiences for
them in different parts of the world. Different
ideologies
3. Three waves of feminism
• 1st wave – early 19th century – early 20th century ( Political rights, suffrageright to vote)
• 2nd wave – 1960s1980s ( Social inequalities, gender norms, Women's Liberation Movement)
• 3rd wave – 1990s2000s ( ideas are the same , but they wanted to get rid of things the second
wave had failed to do); feminisms, expansion, multiplicity, postcolonialism.
4. Anne Bradstreet the first feminist 17th century; the most prominent of e
arly English p
oets
of North America and first female writer in the British North American colonies to be published
Mary Wollstonecraft education; an eighteenthcentury English writer, philosopher, and
advocate of women's rights. Wol stonecraft is best known for A Vindication of the Rights of
Woman (1792), in which she argues that women are not natural y i nferior t o men, b
ut appear
to be only because they lack education.
Caroline Norton English feminist, social reformer, and author of the early and
midnineteenth century. She divorced her husband , because the marrige was very unhappy
and Caroline w
as a
v
ictim of r
egular beatings. His h
usband c
laimed that Caroline w
as g
uilty o
period. Importance of religion; the stories of King Arthur (also Tristan and Isolde, based on Celtic legends). Importance of the church during the Middle Ages (5th c to 15th c). Three languages used in England: French, English and Latin. Main literary genres: (1) chivalric romance, (2) the fabliau (a comic, often anonymous tale that is characterised by an excess of sexual and other types of obscenity) and (3) literature on religious topics – either moralistic
probably been to add legitimacy to the already-existing trends towards greater psychological introspection and towards more prominent and franker discussions of sexuality. Main characteristic features of Modernism: Characteristics of Modernism Formal characteristics(11) · Open Form · Free verse · Discontinuous narrative · Juxtaposition (kõrvutamine) · Intertextuality · Classical allusions(vihje) · Borrowings from other cultures and languages · Unconventional(ebaharilik) use of metaphor · Metanarrative · Fragmentation · Multiple narrative points of view (parallax) Thematic characteristics(8) · Breakdown of social norms and cultural sureties(veendumus) · Dislocation(nihestus) of meaning and sense from its normal context · Valorization of the despairing individual in the face of an unmanageable future · Disillusionment (silmade avamine, illusioone purustama)
15. Victorian times Life and conditions of Victorian people Children were expected to help towards the family budget. They often worked long hours in dangerous jobs and in difficult situations for a very little wage. For example, there were the climbing boys employed by the chimney sweeps; boys and girls working down the coal mines, crawling through tunnels too narrow and low to take an adult. Some children worked as errand boys, crossing sweepers, shoe blacks, and they sold matches, flowers and other cheap goods. During the Victorian era, the population grew immensely. At the end of 19th century the population had grown three times bigger in Great Britain! That made wages much lower, because more people were looking for jobs. Many people couldn't afford places to live and had to live on the streets. Slums started appearing in bigger towns. Crime rate was also rising because of this: many homeless children lived by stealing and respectable Victorians s
· Other themes and genres of Victorian literature and their representatives(children's literature, psychological novel, fantasy). Children's literature before there was no literature for children, the Victorians "invented childhood"(children started to read), stopping child labour + introduction of compulsory education, literature for young peoplegrowth industry, dedicated children's authors, novelist producing works for children Dickens A Child's History of England. Writers_ Lewis Carroll, R.M. Ballantyne, Anna Sewell. Supernatural and fantastic literature a new form of supernatural, mystery and fantastic literature psychological dimension, centered on larger-than-life charactersSherlock Holmes,famous detective(A.C. Doyle); Frankenstein(M.Shelley), Dracula(B.Stoker), Edward Hyde(R.L.Stevenson), many other fictional characters. Psychological literature the thoughts and feelings of the characters, the duality of human soulgood and
persecuted for living together. Frankness regarding sexual matters was common. Religious and cultural diversity gained greater acceptance. Even fashion was impacted as the popularity of the necktie and other business apparel declined and was replaced by more casual dress standards. Some changes were not as positive though. Some argue that the movement ushered in more liberal press and movies which has led to a degradation of our cultural values and ethics. Youth fashions became more and more bizarre , and sexual, in an attempt to rebel against the mainstream values. Some argue that the embrace of spontaneity and worship of the “primitive” have turned us towards mindlessness and violence. Hippies in 1960’s used different drugs etc to expand their counsciousness; today’s (not only) hipsters use also drugs and alcohol to relax and get away from reality. What is
the form of such groups as Run DMC and Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five. It also saw the rise and fall of the 'New Romantics', typified by groups like Adam and the Ants, who dressed as pirates and highway men and wore huge amounts of makeup. 1990s - Britpop This was the general name given in the 1990s to a new wave of successful British bands who made a big impact in the United States and Europe, as well as in England. The most successful have been Radiohead, Oasis, Blur, Pulp, Massive Attack and The Spice Girls. A few of our Composers John Dunstable (1390 - 1453) Henry Vlll Henry Purcell (1659 - 1695) Handel (1685 -1759) Elgar (1857 - 1934) Ralph Vaughan Williams (1872 - 1958) Gustav Holst (1874 - 1934) Benjamin Britten (1913 - 1976) Musical Song Writers Noel Coward (1899 - 1973) Lionel Bart (1930 - 1999) Andrew Lloyd-Webber (b
Ward Moorehouse. He is the protagonist, he is very modest origin, son of the railway worker, seems to be typical example of american drea, selfmade man. Marries Annabel, but quicly divorces, tries to manipulate people, joins the right clubs, where he can meet other rich persons. Marries again for fortune. Gradually he goes higher and higher, inherits the staples money. The arch enemy of the characters who were middle class. Mac is one of the protagonist here, a simple worker, his youth is filled with misery, poverty, becomes a radical, he and Moorehouse are on the xtreme sides of political spectrum. Janie Willaims,Elena Stoddard wants to rise above the sotred environment of the youth, joind Evelyn Hutchins in the decorating business. Dos passos introduces new professions, the interior decorator business and PR-public relations specialsts. Moorehouse is the famous PR man, and Elena and Evelyn become interior decorators. They are connected to big money. They fit in with
Hard rock Karl-Richard Sänna Form 9B Hard rock (or heavy rock) A loosely defined subgenre of rock music which has its earliest roots in mid-1960s garage rock, blues rock and psychedelic rock Typified by a heavy use of distorted electric guitars, bass guitar, drums, and often accompanied with pianos and keyboards Developed into a major form of popular music in the 1970s and reached a commercial peak in the mid to late 1980s Led Zeppelin, The Who, Deep Purple, Aerosmith, AC/DC, Van Halen, Bon Jovi, Def Leppard, Guns N' Roses Definitions A form of loud, aggressive rock music Has sometimes been labelled cock rock for its emphasis on overt masculinity and sexuality and because it has historically been predominately performed and consumed by men: in the case of its audience, particularly white, working-class adolescents In the late 1960s the term heavy metal was used interchangeably with hard rock, but gradually began to be used to de
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