Vajad kellegagi rääkida?
Küsi julgelt abi LasteAbi
Logi sisse

Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted (0)

1 Hindamata
Punktid
ühiskond - Isegi need väikesed ühiskonnad, millesse laps kõige enne sisse kasvab – perekond ja mänguseltskond, on talle tähtsad vaid üksikvahekordade kaudu
1. Societypeople who interact in  such  a way as to  share  a common culture. The  cultural  bond
may be  ethnic  or racial or geographical,  based  on  gender , or due to shared  beliefsvalues , and
activities
2. Culturebeliefs, behaviors, objects, and  other  characteristics common to the  members  of a
particular  group or society.
3.  A unitary state-  a state governed as one  single   power  in which the central  government  is
ultimately supreme and any administrative divisions (subnational  unitsexercise  only powers
that   their   central  government   chooses  to  delegate.  The   majority   of  states  in  the   world   have
a unitary system of government.
4.   A   federal   state--   a    political    entity   characterized   by   a   union   of  partially   self-
governing states or regions under a central (federal) government.
5.  A   multinational   state-  A multinational   state is  a   sovereign state   which   is   viewed   as
comprising two or more nations. Such a state  contrasts  with a  nation -state where a single nation
comprises the  bulk  of the population.
6.  A single-nation state-  a geographical area that can be identified as deriving its political
legitimacy from serving as a sovereign nation. A state is a political and geopolitical entity,  while
a nation is a cultural and ethnic one. The  term  "nation state" implies that the two coincide, but
"nation state" formation can take  place  at  different   times  in different parts of the world.
7.   Commonwealth  realm- is  a sovereign nation  within  the Commonwealth which has  Queen
Elizabeth II as its head of stateThere  are 16 of  them  ( including  the UK) and they have a
combined area of 18.7 million sq km and a population of 140 million. The vast majority of the
population  live  in the six most populous realms: the UK,  CanadaAustralia , Papua New  Guinea ,
New  Zealand , and  Jamaica . A Commonwealth realm is a  country  which shares Queen Elizabeth
II as  monarch
8.
  Crown    dependency-
 consist   of   the  Isle    of   Man in   the  Irish    Sea and
thee Bailiwicks of  Jersey  and Guernsey in   the  English     Channel .   Although    internationally,   the
dependencies are recognised as "territories for which the United Kingdom is  responsible ", the
relationship   between  the Crown dependencies and the UK is "one of mutual respect and  support ,
i.e. a partnership". In 2007-2008, each Crown Dependency and the UK  signed  agreements that
established    frameworks   for   the    development    of   the   international    identity    of   each   Crown
Dependency. 
9.   Devolution-  the  statutory  granting   of   powers   from   the central   government of   a sovereign
state to   govern   at   a subnational level,   such   as   a regional,  local ,   or state level.  It   is   a   form
of decentralization. Devolved territories have the power to make  legislation   relevant  to the area.
10. Devolved powers- the  Scottish   Parliament  and the  Welsh  and  Northern   Ireland  Assemblies
are devolved powers, subordinate to the UK Parliament .
11. Constituent country- a term sometimes used in contexts in which a country  makes  up a  part
of a larger political entity, such as a sovereign state. The term constituent country does not have
any defined  legal   meaning , and is used simply to  refer  to a country which is a constituent part of
something   else
12.  The   Commonwealth-  The Commonwealth   of   Nations,    commonly     known    as
the Commonwealth  is  an   intergovernmental   organization of 53    member    states that   were
mostly territories of   the    former   British     Empire . 
The   Commonwealth   operates
by intergovernmental  consensus  of   the   member   states,   organized    through    the Commonwealth
Secretariat and Non-governmental    organizations ,   organized   through   the Commonwealth
Foundation.
13. British  subject derive their  status  as British  subjects  from British India or the  Republic  of
Ireland as they existed  before  1949.   until  1949:  anyone  who owed allegiance to the British
sovereign wherever he was born in the British Empire;  all citizens of Commonwealth countries
were   British   subjects   until    January    1983.    Today :   those   who   are   not   citizens   of   any
Commonwealth country; mostly from British India or the Republic of Ireland as they existed
before 1949.
14.   British    citizen -   hold    the   status   through   a    close    connection   with   the   United   Kingdom,
Channel  Islands  and Isle of Man ("United Kingdom and Islands"),  usually  because they were born
there.  The British Nationality Act 1981 ( came  into  force  in 1983) – British citizens = people
closely connected with the United Kingdom, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man – British
Overseas   Territories   citizens   =   until   2002   (The   British   Overseas   Territories   Act)   British
Dependent   Territories   citizens   –   British   Overseas   citizens   =   persons   connected   with   former
British  colonies  (Malaysia and  Kenya ) – British Nationals (Overseas) = status created by the
Hong Kong  Act 1985 – British Protected Person (BPP).
15. Right of abode- an  individual 's  freedom  from immigration  control  in a particular country. A
person who has the right of abode in a country does not need permission from the government to
enter the country and can live and  work  there  without  restriction. Generally, in  order  to have the
right   of   abode   in   a   certain   country,   a   person   must   be   a citizen of   that   country.  Those
with  permanent  residency of the country generally have a de  facto  right of residence but it can be
revoked in certain circumstances, for example for being convicted of crimes.
16.  Print  media- ( newspapers  and magazines). Print media is one of the oldest and  basic   forms
of mass  communication . It includes newspapers (national, regional and local), magazines and
other forms of  printed  journals. All of them have established online presences.  However , the
digital   reach  of the various titles differs  greatly : whereas over  half  of The Guardian and The
Telegraph readers are based online now, 91% of The Times readers  still  read its print version. 
17.  Fleet   Street -  the  home  of the  British press until the  1980s; a metonym  for the British
national press.
18. National newspapers- 69.6% read a national  newspaperDaily and  Sunday  papers..  Perhaps
the most distinguishing  characteristic  of the print media is the existence of a large national
newspaper  sector , comprised of 11 daily and the  same  number of Sunday titles. 
19.   Regional   newspapers-  83.6%   of   all   British   adults   (40   million   people)   read   a   regional
newspaper.  The regional and local press are  characterised by the  concentration  of ownership
similar  to that of the national press. The  five  largest owners control 72.5% of the  market  – more
than  700 newspapers. Of those, three (Trinity  Mirror , Associated and Northcliffe) are also  among
the top  four  national newspaper  companies . There are  estimated  to be 1,250 Sunday, week-day
( morning  and  evening ) and weekly (sometimes twice weekly) regional and local titles,  further
sub- divided  between those papers which charge a  cover   price  and those which are distributed for
free. The regional and local press has suffered long-term decline. 
20. Free newspapers financed  by local  advertising  (a weekly circulation of some 35 million) –
The  Metro  – ‘ Britain 's  first  urban national newspaper’ (launched in March 1999 in London, now
available  in 13 cities; one million copies distributed daily)
21. Broadsheets- The main  motivation  cited for this  shift  is that commuters  prefer  papers which
they can hold easily on public transport, and it is presumably hoped that other readers will also
find  the smaller formats more convenient. It remains to be  seen  how this shake-up will  affect  the
usage  of the term "broadsheet".
The largest of newspaper formats and is characterized by long  vertical  pages ( typically  22 inches
or 560 millimetres). The term derives from  types  of  popular   prints  usually just of a single sheet,
sold on the streets and containing various types of material , from ballads to political satire.
22. Tabloids-  a style  of journalism that  tends  to  emphasize  topics  such as sensational crime
stories , astrology,  gossip    columns about   the   personal    lives    of   celebrities   and    sports    stars,
and  junk    food   news.  Such   journalism   is   commonly   associated   with  tabloid    sized
newspapers including   the National   Enquirer,  Globe ,   or The   Sun,   and   the   formerNews   of   the
World. Not all newspapers associated with such journalism are in tabloid  size ; for example, the
format    of  Apple    Daily is broadsheet,   while   the   style   is   tabloid.   Often,   tabloid   newspaper
allegations about the  sexual   practices , drug use, or private conduct of celebrities is borderline
defamatory;   in   many    cases ,   celebrities   have   successfully   sued   for  libel ,   demonstrating   that
tabloid stories have defamed them.
23.   Compacts-  a broadsheet-quality   newspaper   printed   in   a tabloid format   ( slightly    taller),
especially one in theUnited Kingdom. The term as used for this size (not to be confused with 108
×   171 mm   or   4.25   ×   6.75   inches  paper    sizes)   came   into   its    current    use   when The
Independent began producing a smaller format  edition  for London's commuters,  designed  to be
easier to read when using mass  transit .
24.   Page   three    girls -  a   colloquial   term   for   a   feature  formerly    included    in   the
British tabloid newspaper The   Sun.  The    phrase    originates   with   the   publication   of  a   large
photograph  of  a topless,  bare -breasted   female  glamour model usually  published on the print
edition's third page. The feature first  appeared  in the newspaper on 17 November 1970 and on
the  official  Page 3 website   since   June  1999, which it still continues.
25. Quality  newspapers- a  category  of newspapers in national circulation distinguished by their
seriousness.  The   category   used   to   be   called   "broadsheet"   until    several    papers   adopted
atabloid format.    Both  The  Times and The   Independent adopted   a  tabloid   format   in  2004. The
Guardian adopted a  Berliner  format in 2005.
26. Popular newspapers-  newspapers, generally known as tabloids,  and collectively as "the
popular press", which  have tended to  focus  more on celebrity coverage and human  interest
stories  rather  than political reporting or overseas news. 
27.   Mid-market   newspapers-  one   that   attempts    to   cater   to   readers   who   want   some
entertainment from their newspaper as well as the coverage of  important  news  events .  Daily
Mail, Daily  Express , Sunday Express, The Mail on Sunday.
28. Red  tops - tabloid newspapers in Britain  tend  to be simply and sensationally written, and to
give more prominence than broadsheets to celebrities, sports, crime stories and  even  hoaxes; they
also   less   subtly   take   a   political    position    on   news   stories,   ridiculing   politicians,   demanding
resignations  and predicting  election   results . The  term  "red tops"  refers  to  tabloids  with  red
nameplates, such as The Sun, the Daily  Star , the Daily Mirror, the Daily Record and the Daily
Sport ,[1] and distinguishes them from the Daily Express and Daily Mail, which are  considered
" middle  market" tabloids. Red top newspapers are usually simpler in writing style, dominated by
pictures, and directed at the more sensational end of the market.
29. Byline- a newspaper or  magazine  article gives the  date , as well as the name of the  writer  of
the article. Bylines are traditionally placed between the  headline  and the text of the article
30.   The   (mass)   media-   any   form   of   communication   through   which   people   are   informed,
educated and entertained
31.  Broadcast  media radio , analogue and digital terrestrial (= earth-based)  televisioncable
and satellite television, video, the  Internet .  (radio and television)- Radio has enjoyed a  recent
resurgence in  popularity . More than 90% of people over 15  years  of age (46.3m)  listen  at  least
once  a week. However, it is national, rather than local, stations which have increased their
popularity. The BBC operates ten national radio stations; the World  Service ; regional stations in
ScotlandWales  and Northern Ireland (including stations  broadcasting  in Welsh and  Scots ), and
30 local stations. Radio is also characterised by a multi-faceted commercial presence alongside
that of the BBC. About 300 commercial radio stations broadcast  across  a number of platforms,
the vast majority being local.
32. New mediaa group of relatively recent mass media based on new information  technology
(the Internet, World  Wide  Web, video games, interactive media, CD-ROM and other forms of
multimedia).  New   media   is  a   generic   term   for   the   many   different   forms   of   electronic
communication   that   are   made   possible   through   the   use   of   computer   technology:  Web    sites ,
virtual  worlds, virtual  reality , multimedia, computer games, computer animation, among  others .
33.  Consumer  magazines-  (2,800 titles) – general consumer magazines that  aim to entertain
and  inform  (Marie Claire, Radio Times) – consumer  specialist  titles  aimed  at a  specific  interest
or hobby (Car, Gardeners' World)
34. Business magazinesspecialised and aimed at people in work (sometimes called 'trade' or
'B2B'   magazines,    Doctor ,   Press   Gazette   )   –  free   to   specified   readers  (known   as   controlled
circulation) and so rely on advertising
35. Customer magazines- produced as part of a  marketing   strategy  to reach the customers of
large companies – also called contract, or  custom  magazines (Intercity for first  class  travellers on
British Rail )
36.   Public   service   broadcasting-  intended  for   the   public    benefit    rather   than   for   purely
commercial  concerns ; aims to  improve  society by informing viewers – all the BBC's television
and radio stations – all stations broadcast on terrestrial analogue television – commercial radio
required  to broadcast a minimum level of news
37. Commercial broadcasting-  - the aim is to  provide   popular content that attracts a large
audience , maximizing  revenue  from advertising and sponsorship
38.   Terrestrial   television-  Terrestrial   television or broadcast   television is   a   type
of television broadcasting in which the television  signal  is transmitted by radio waves to the TV
receiver from   a   terrestrial   (Earth   based) transmitter,   a television   station,   and    received    with
an antenna. 
39.   Licence   fee-  A   television   licence   is  required   for   each   household   where   television
programmes are  watched  or recorded as they are broadcast, irrespective of the signal  method
(terrestrial, satellite, cable or the Internet). The  cost  of the TV licence fee is set by the  Secretary
of State for Culture, Media and Sport with the BBC responsible for collecting  payment . As it is
classified in law as a tax, evasion is a  criminal   offence . The licence fee is used  almost  entirely to
fund BBC  domestic  radio, television and internet  services
40. BBC- The largest broadcaster, established in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company 
Renamed the British Broadcasting  Corporation  in 1927, when it was  granted  its first  Royal
Charter  – 8 TV channels – 10 radio  networks  – more than 50 local TV and radio services – BBCi
interactive TV – the on- demand  TV and radio service, BBC iPlayer – bbc.co.uk,  Europe ’s most
visited content web site – 92.5% of the UK population used the BBC every  month  in 2006/2007
•  Paid  for directly through each household TV licence – The  colour  TV licence is currently
£142.50 (less than £12 per month - about 39p per day for each household). – A  black  and white
TV licence is £48.
41. ITV- also known as Channel 3 (1955)  the first commercial British television broadcaster;
the most popular commercial TV channel, made up of 15 regional licences
42. OfcomOffice of Communications – an independent  organisation  which regulates the UK’s
broadcasting, telecommunications and  wireless  communications sectors.  Communications Act
2003.   This   act   established Ofcom,   the   regulator   and    competition     authority    for   the   UK
communications industries. It regulates the TV and radio sectors,  fixed  line telecoms, mobiles,
postal services, as well as the airwaves over which wireless  devices  operate.
Whereas print media are self regulatory and free from government control, telecommunications
and broadcasting are regulated by law, the main  piece  of legislation being the Communications
Act   2003.  This   act   established   Ofcom,   the   regulator   and   competition   authority   for   the   UK
communications industries. It regulates the TV and radio sectors, fixed line telecoms, mobiles,
postal services, as well as the airwaves over which wireless devices operate.
43.  Cross -media ownership-  one media branch holds stake in other media, thus being in a
position to control the  opinions  of larger sections of people. News Corporation  accounts  for over
one-third of the circulation of the UK's national press and also owns a 39%  controlling  stake in
BSkyB. • Trinity Mirror has a 20% share of UK newspaper circulation, is also the largest UK
regional newspaper  publisher  with its 23% share. • Daily Mail and General  Trust  has a 19.3%
share of national newspaper circulation and has  held  a 20% stake in ITN, which makes news for
ITV and Channel 4, since 1996. • Guardian Media Group ( owned  by the  Scott  Trust) has a 3.4%
share of UK national newspaper circulation and also owns GMG Radio, which has a 4.5% share
of all radio  listening . 2
44. Nation- “it is an imagined political community - and imagined as both inherently limited and
sovereign. It is imagined because the members of even the smallest nation will  never   know  most
of their fellow-members, meet them, or even  hear  of them, yet in the mind of each lives the
image  of their communion” ( Anderson , 1991: 6) • “Individuals think they are part of a  greater
collective, that they share a ‘ deep  horizontal comradeship’” (Anderson, 1991: 7) • Narration of
nation – story of nation  told  and retold in national histories, literatures, the media and popular
culture (Hall, 1992) •  Emphasis  on origins, continuity,  traditional , timelessness – we have always
been like this • Invention  of tradition
45. Imagined communities- An imagined community is different from an actual community in that it is
not—and,   for    practical     reasons ,    cannot    be—based   on    everyday     face -to-face   interaction   among   its
members.  
It is a  concept  coined by Benedict Anderson to analyze nationalism. Anderson believes that
a nation is a  social  y constructed community, imagined by the people who perceive themselves as part of
that group

46. An ethnic nationa social group  whose  members have the  following  characteristics: – share
sense  of common origins; –  claim  a common and distinctive history and  destiny ; – possess one
or   more   dimensions   of   collective   cultural   individuality;   –   feel   a   sense   of    unique    collective
solidarity. Ethnic identity in Britain is about minorities.
47. A civic nation- Civic nationalism (also known as liberal nationalism) defines the nation as
an  association  of people who identify themselves as belonging to the nation, who have equal and
shared   political    rights ,   and   allegiance   to   similar   political   procedures.[40] According   to   the
principles of civic nationalism, the nation is not based on common ethnic ancestry, but is a
political entity whose  core  identity is not ethnicity. Its people to continue   living together.[40]
Civic nationalism is  a kind of non-xenophobic nationalism  that is claimed to be compatible
with liberal   values of freedom, tolerance,  equality ,   and individual   rights.[41][42][43]  Ernest
Re
  nan [44] and J ohn    Stuart    Mill [45] are   often    thought    to   be    early    liberal   nationalists.   Liberal
nationalists often defend the  value  of national identity by saying that individuals need a national
identity in order to  lead  meaningful, autonomous lives,[46][47] and that liberal  democratic  polities
need national identity in order to  function  properly.[48][49]
48. Ethnic minorities- ethnic minority – a national or racial group living in a country or area
which contains a larger group of people of a different  race  or nationality  • Ethnic identity in
Britain is about minorities.
49. Ethnocentrism- Ethnocentrism is judging  another  culture  solely  by the values and standards
of one's own culture. Ethnocentric individuals judge other groups relative to their own ethnic
group or culture, especially with concern for  language , behavior, customs, and  religionThese
ethnic   distinctions   and   subdivisions    serve    to    define    each ethnicity's   unique cultural   identity.
[2] Ethnocentrism may be  overt  or subtle, and while it is considered a natural proclivity of human
psychology, it has  developed a generally  negative  connotation
50. Cultural relativism- Cultural relativism is the principle that an individual person's beliefs
and activities should be  understood  by others in terms  of that individual's own culture
51. Chauvinism- an  attitude  that the members of your own sex are always better than those of
the opposite sex.  Male  chauvinism [=a  belief  that men are  superior  to  womenThe belief that
your country, race, etc., is better than any other. 
52.    Racism -  Racism is   a   product   of   the    complex    interaction   in   a    given    society   of  a race-
based worldview with  prejudice , stereotyping,   and discrimination.  Racism   can   be    present
in social  actions , practices, or political systems (e.g., apartheid ) that support the expression of
prejudice or aversion in discriminatory practices. The ideology underlying racist practices often
includes the  idea  that  humans  can be subdivided into  distinct  groups that are different in their
social behavior and innate capacities and that can be ranked as  inferior  or superior.[1] Racist
ideology can become manifest in many aspects of social life. Associated social actions may
include   xenophobia, otherness, segregation, hierarchical ranking, supremacism,   and    related
social  phenomena.
53. Institutionalised racism- Institutional racism (also known as institutionalised racism) is a
form of racism expressed in the  practice  of social and political  institutions . Institutional racism
is also racism by individuals or informal social groups,[1] governed by behavioral norms that
support   racist    thinking    and    foment     active    racism.   It   is   reflected   in   disparities
regarding  wealthincome , criminal   justice,  employment , housing, health   care, political
power and education,   among   other   things.   Whether   implicitly   or   explicitly   expressed,
institutional racism occurs when a certain group is targeted and discriminated against based
upon  race.   Institutional   racism   can   go   unnoticed   as   it   is   not   always   explicit   and   can   be
overlooked.
54. Stereotyping- - a fixed, over generalized belief about a particular group or class of people.
55.   Social   class-  Social   class (or,   simply, class),   as   in class   society,   is  a   set   of   concepts  in
the social   sciences and political   theory centered   on   models  of social   stratification in   which
people   are   grouped   into   a   set   of hierarchical social   categories,[1] the   most   common   being
theupper, middle, and  lower   classes .
56.  Upper  classes- The Upper Classes: people with inherited wealth, defined by their title, their
education, and their pastimes ( hunting , shooting,  fishing , horse  riding )
57. Nobility/ aristocracya privileged class  holding  hereditary titles; the hereditary aristocracy
recognised formally as a social class
58.  Peer / nobleman-  a nobleman;  a member of one of the five degrees of the British nobility
( duke , marquis, earl , viscount,  baron )
59. Gentry- in a restricted sense, those between the nobility and the yeomanry, the landed people
lack hereditary titles – used to exercise extensive political  influence  at the local level
60.   Middle   classes-  about   50-60%   of   the   population,  include   industrialists,   professionals,
businesspeople (white- collar ; salary) and shop -owners (self- employed ).
61.  Working  class(es)agricultural, mine and factory   workers  ( blue -collar;  wages ).
62. Lower classes- Lower class ( occasionally   described  as working class) are those employed in
low-paying wage  jobs  with very  little   economic   security .  The term "lower class" also refers to
persons with low income.
The working class is sometimes separated into those who are employed but lacking financial
security, and an  underclass—those who are long-term  unemployed  and/or  homeless , especially
those   receiving  welfare  from   the state.   The    latter    is   analogous   to   the   Marxist
term "lumpenproletariat".[25] Members   of   the   working   class   are   sometimes   called blue-collar
workers.
63. Social grades: A, B, C1, C2, D, E
A upper middle class  higher  managerial, administrative or professional 
B middle class  intermediate  managerial, administrative or professional 
C1 lower middle class supervisory or clerical, junior managerial, administrative or professional
C2 skilled working class skilled  manual  workers 
 D working class semi and unskilled manual workers 
  E  those at lowest level of subsistence state pensioners or widows, casual or lowest  grade
worker
64. Ascribed status- Ascribed status is the social status a person is assigned at  birth  or assumed
involuntarily  later  in life. It is a position that is neither earned nor chosen but assigned.[1][2] These
rigid  social designators  remain  fixed  throughout  an individual's life and are inseparable from the
positive  or negative stereotypes that are  linked  with one's ascribed statuses.
65.  Achieved   status-  Achieved   status is   a   concept   developed   by   the   anthropologist  Ralph
Linton denoting a social position that a person can acquire on the  basis  of merit; it is a position
that is earned or chosen. It is the opposite of ascribed status. It reflects personal  skills , abilities,
and efforts. Examples  of achieved status are being an Olympic athlete, being a criminal, or being
a college  professor .
Status is important sociologically because it  comes  with a set of rights, obligations, behaviors,
and duties that people occupying a certain position are  expected  or encouraged to  perform . These
expectations  are  referred  to as roles. For  instance , the  role  of a "professor" includes teaching
students , answering their  questions , being impartial , appropriately.
66. A closed/  open  stratification system-  people cannot  move  up or down  (e.g., the feudal
system, castes in India). • An open system – people move up or down.
67.   Social    mobility -  Social   mobility   occurs   whenever  people   move   across   social   class
boundaries, or from one occupational level to another (upwards or downwards).
68. Meritocracy- - a position in the hierarchy is  determined by individual merit.
69.  Poverty  line-  a level of personal or family income  below  which one is classified as  poor  according
to governmental standards 
—cal ed also poverty level
70. Essex man/  woman - Essex Man first appeared in a Sunday Telegraph  column  by  Simon
Heffer and  became  a shorthand for a well-off workwelcome to essexing class  man who has
moved out of London and  likes  to show off his newly  found  wealth. The stereotype was a political
one as traditionally working class people were supposed to  vote  for the  Labour   Party , but Essex
Man voted Conservative.Essex Man had a  partner  - Essex Girl - who was seen as loud, vulgar,
scantily-dressed, of low intelligence and sexually promiscuous. 
71.  Chav / Chavette- Another, more recent stereotype is that of the Chav. According to the
Oxford  English Dictionary, the word was first used in a Usenet forum in 1998 and made its first
appearance in conventional media in 2002. By 2004, the word was in common usage. The  origin
of the word is unknown, but it is most often thought to have originated in the Romany word
chavi,   meaning    child .   It   has   become   a   widely   used   derogatory   word   for  young   people   of
working-class origin, who are depicted as uneducated, uncultured and  prone  to antisocial or
immoral  behaviour.
72. Sloane Ranger/ Sloanies- Sloane Rangers have been  around  since the 1980ies. The term
refers to  young, upper class or upper-midsloane ranger ahndbookdle-class    fashion -conscious
but conventional young people, living in the more  expensive  parts of  West  London. The term was
popularised by The Official Sloane Ranger Handbook (1982) written by Peter  York  and Ann
Barr . Sloanes are widely derided and, regardless of whatever educational standing they may have
achieved, are generally regarded as dim-witted socialites. Princess  Dianaparticularly   prior  to
her  marriage , was considered the archetypal Sloane.
73.
 MiddleEnglanders-
 a characterization of a predominantly middle-class, middle-
income section of British society living mainlyin suburban and  rural   England
74.    Direct /    indirect    discrimination-  •  Direct   discrimination  =   someone    is   treated   less
favourably on the  grounds  of their age, sex, race, etc – advertising specifically for a man or for a
woman – ‘mature and  experienced  candidate’ • Indirect discrimination rule , requirement or
condition  that applies equally to everyone but  puts  people from a particular group at a much
greater   disadvantage   than   others,   and   cannot   be   objectively   justified  –   an   unjustifiable
requirement that a job must be  done  fulltime – specifying that a driving licence is required for a
job which involves limited travelling
75. Age of consent- The age of consent is the age at which a person is considered to be legally
competent to consent to sexual  acts , and is thus the minimum age of a person with  whom  another
person is legally permitted to  engage  in sexual  activity . The distinguishing aspect of the age of
consent  laws  is that the person below the minimum age is regarded as the victim, and their sex
partner as the  offender .
76. Ageism- In many societies, people who are at the  greatest  risk are the young and the elderly.
A 2013  study  found that "ageism is a bigger problem than racism or  sexism  " in the UK. The
only group who had not experienced ageism were people  aged  between 35 and 44 who are too
old for negative  youth  stereotyping and too young for prejudice based on advancing years. = a
stereotypic and often negative perception of older adults • = discriminating against people purely
on the grounds of their chronological age • The  issues  over which people think older people are
treated badly are: • Poor standards of healthcare: 51% • Poor  pension   provision : 56% • Poor
benefits provision: 41% • Poor standards of care - either in care  homes  or their own homes: 66%
Vasakule Paremale
Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted #1 Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted #2 Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted #3 Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted #4 Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted #5 Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted #6 Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted #7 Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted #8 Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted #9 Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted #10 Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted #11 Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted #12 Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 1 mõisted #13
Punktid 50 punkti Autor soovib selle materjali allalaadimise eest saada 50 punkti.
Leheküljed ~ 13 lehte Lehekülgede arv dokumendis
Aeg2016-12-04 Kuupäev, millal dokument üles laeti
Allalaadimisi 1 laadimist Kokku alla laetud
Kommentaarid 0 arvamust Teiste kasutajate poolt lisatud kommentaarid
Autor Diana Ostrat Õppematerjali autor
Ülle Türki aine, mitte selle teisega segi ajada.

Sarnased õppematerjalid

Mass Media topic
2
doc

Mass Media topic

Mass Media Mass media is a term used to describe those means of communication which can reach large or mass audiences. The most important are probably Television, Radio, the Press and the Internet. Britain and America invented a lot of the technology used by the various modern communications media. In 1829, the typewriter was invented in America. In 1837, the telegraph was invented in Britain. In 18 76, Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in America. This made it possible to talk to people thousands of miles away. The telephone is a telecommunications device, which is used to transmit and receive sound. It's one of the most common household appliances in the world today. The English-speaking peoples have always allowed more freedom of speech and of the press than most other countries. This gave them an advantage from the start in communications. Book-publishing grew rapidly in early modern England and America. S

Inglise keel
Inglise keele kodulugemine teemal-Mass Media
8
doc

Inglise keele kodulugemine teemal: Mass Media

Mass Media What is Mass Media? Statistics show that there are few things which impact the human mind more than mass media. The advice of teachers, parents and relatives may fall on deaf ears, but the mass media influence holds us all spellbound! At this point, it becomes necessary to define mass media. Mass media may be defined as any form of communication which is meted out to the people at large, through the various forms of communication. What modes of communication are we talking about? Well there can be no static definition for the channels of mass communication as they are increasing all the time. But any form of communication which is seen and understood by a large mass of people can be taken to mean mass communication or mass media channels. Why is mass media so attractive to people? Mass media holds a kind of mystique in the minds of the people. It is because the communication is designed in such a way that it appeals to a larger demographic

Inglise keel
Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 2 mõisted
32
pdf

Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur quiz 2 mõisted

Established church The Church of England is the established church, which means that: 1.)the Monarch is the Supreme Governor of the church, 2.)the Church performs a number of official functions, 3.)Church and State are linked. To disestablish Disestablishmentarianism refers to campaigns to sever links between church and state, particularly in relation to the Church of England as an established church. It was initially a movement in the United Kingdom in the 18th century. The established churches in Wales and Ireland could not count on even nominal adherence by a majority of the population of those countries. In Ireland, the predominantly Roman Catholic population campaigned against the position of the established Anglican Church of Ireland - eventually disestablished in Ireland from 1 January 1871. A broad church The Church of England is a broad church, representing a wide spectrum of theological thought and practice The Church of England is a broad church, represent

Inglise keel
Means of communication
5
doc

Means of communication

earn more money). Some people say that it is needless to have so much adverts but I think that it is good because you can choose which product is the best for you. but it's true that they sometimes lie and many of them are absolutely stupid. Kinds of programs: children's, current affairs, discussion, pop music, gardening, arts, natural, history, film review, customer affairs, language-learning, human interest, fashion, light entertainment, variety; documentaries, the news (is), soap operas, quiz shows, game shows, breakfast TV, costume dramas, the National Lottery draw, film, action series, weather forecast, sci-fi series... Broadcasting in BG and CZ GB ­ 5 channels: BBC 1, BBC 2 (these two don't have adverts), ITV, Channel 4, Channel 5, + satellite programs CZ ­ CT 1, CT 2, Nova, Prima, + satellite programs The Internet Very huge, world-wide, very fast, lots of information ­ more than in TV, it costs a lot

Inglise keel
Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur konspekt
14
doc

Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur konspekt

1. Ancient Britain: the Celtic tribes. 2000 years ago there was an Iron Age Celtic culture throughout the Br Isles. It seems that the Celts, who had been arriving from Europe from the 8th cent BC onward, intermingled with the peoples who were already there. The Celts were extremely talented people, creative and artistic. More than 1 Celtic tribe invaded Br. The descendants of ancient Celts live in Wales, Scotland, Cornwall and Ireland. They lived in primitive society. Druids ­ priests, more powerful than chiefs. Acted like prophets. 2. Stonehenge From prehistoric period. Was built on Salisbury plain between 2500 and 1500 bc. One of the most famous and mysterious archaeological sites in the world. One of the mysteries is how it was built at all with the technology of the time. Another is its purpose. It appears to function as a kind on astronomical clock and we know it was used by the Druids for ceremonies marking the passing of the seasons. It appears in number of novels. T

Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur
Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur test 1
3
docx

Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur test 1

1. Match the term to heir definition A parish priest in the Church of England = vicar, rector A member of the highest order of ministry in the Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches who supervises a diocese = bishop A person authorized to conduct religious worship in the Church of Scotland= minister, deacons, “elders”, readers 2. Which of the following is considered ascribed status? Job Gender - yes Age - yes Position Race – yes 3. A member state of the Commonwealth of Nations which recognizes Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state is called A Crown dependency A constituent country A Commonwealth realm - see 4. The principle that an individual human’s beliefs and activities should be understood bu other in terms of that individual’s own culture is known as Chauvinism Ethnocentrism Racism Cultural relativism- see 5. Math the examinations to their explanations An examination taken to complete the first stage of se

Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur
Ingliskeelsete maade ühiskond ja kultuur-eksamiküsimused
26
docx

Ingliskeelsete maade ühiskond ja kultuur, eksamiküsimused

1. The Queen’s official title. Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith. 2. The Queen’s working day. Starts after breakfast. Reads the newspapers which are prepared by the Press Secretary, and a report on the previous day’s proceedings in the Parliament and the letters she receives. Also phone calls. Once a month she attends the Privy Council in order to give Royal Assent to various items of government legislation. Discusses domestic matters with the Master of the Household. Towards the end of the day, there is always another pile of official papers and reports waiting to be read or acted upon. The business on constitutional monarchy never ends. 3. Who is the present heir to the throne? Speak about his education. Who are the 2nd and 3rd in line? Pre

Ingliskeelsete maade ühiskond ja kultuur
English portfolio
19
doc

English portfolio

Estonian history between 1710-1850 and 1850-1918 Contents Contents.................................................................................................................................. 2 1710­1850.............................................................................................................................. 3 Population and social structure........................................................................................ 4 Serfdom and the intensifying manorial economy ............................................................. 4 Influences of Pietism and the Moravian Brethren............................................................. 5 Enlightenment and enlightened absolutism...................................................................... 6 1850­1918.............................................................................................................................. 8 The national awakening......

Inglise keel




Kommentaarid (0)

Kommentaarid sellele materjalile puuduvad. Ole esimene ja kommenteeri



Sellel veebilehel kasutatakse küpsiseid. Kasutamist jätkates nõustute küpsiste ja veebilehe üldtingimustega Nõustun