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House of Winsdor (0)

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House of Winsdor. Their influence on modern society, key personalities. People all over the world are obsessed with the British royal family. Most fans know all the royal names and faces, the line of succession to the throne, and even the family's rarely-used last name. But let's start from the beginning .
The House of Windsor is the reigning royal house of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms. The dynasty is of German paternal descent and was originally a branch of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, itself derived from the House of Wettin, which succeeded the House of Hanover to the British monarchy following the death of Queen Victoria, wife of Albert , Prince Consort.
The name was changed from Saxe-Coburg and Gotha to the English Windsor (from "Windsor Castle "[1]) in 1917 because of anti-German sentiment in the British Empire during World War I.[2] There have been four British monarchs of the house of Windsor to date : three kings and the present queen, Elizabeth II. During the reign of the Windsors, major changes took place in British society. The British Empire participated in the First and Second World Wars , ending up on the winning side both times , but subsequently lost its status as a superpower during decolonisation. Much of Ireland broke with the United Kingdom and the remnants of the Empire became the Commonwealth of Nations.
  • King George V (1865-1936), Reigned 1910 -36
As the second son of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra, George V had not expected to ascend to the throne. He enjoyed a long and successful career in the Navy before his accession in 1910. His conscientious and unpretentious approach to his duties provided stability during an unsettled period, which included the First World War and the Great Depression . In 1932, he became the first monarch to use the medium of radio to speak to the nation . He later described himself as ‘a very ordinary sort of fellow’.
  • Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor (King Edward VIII) (1894-1972), Reigned 1936
Eldest son of George V and Queen Mary. Prince Edward was commissioned into the Guards in 1914, but as heir to the throne his request for active service was denied. He spent the war abroad , visiting troops. During the 1920s and 1930s , his concern for unemployment and successful tours throughout the Empire made him a popular figure. He was King Edward VIII from January to December 1936, but abdicated following insoluble constitutional problems raised by his proposed marriage to the American socialite and divorcée, Wallis Simpson . They married in June 1937 and lived abroad, mainly in France . He was Governor of the Bahamas from 1940 to 1945.
  • King George VI ( 1895 -1952), Reigned 1936-52
The second son of George V and Queen Mary, he served in the navy (1909-17) and qualified as a pilot in the Royal Air Force in 1919. He was President of the Industrial Welfare Society, an area of special concern. He married Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon in 1923 and became King on the abdication of his brother Edward VIII in 1936. He and Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother were held in great affection by the population for the courage and sense of duty they showed during the War. Following his death in 1952, he was succeeded by his eldest daughter who became Queen Elizabeth II.
  • Queen Elizabeth II (1926-), Queen regnant
Princess Elizabeth became heir to the throne in 1936 on the accession of her father George VI. She married Philip Mountbatten in 1947 and their first children , Prince Charles and Princess Anne, were born in 1948 and 1950. Elizabeth became Queen in 1952, whilst on an official trip to Kenya , after the death of her father. Her coronation in 1953 was the first to be televised and was broadcast internationally. Her sons , Princes Andrew and Edward, were born in 1960 and 1964. As Queen of the United Kingdom and Head of the Commonwealth, her Silver , Golden and Diamond Jubilees were celebrated in 1977, 2002 and 2012. She is now the longest -serving British monarch and the most portrayed individual in history.
To cut the long story short, I would like to tell you the line of succesion and thats will be enough. Today , there are four generations of the House of Windsor. As a royal house that is continually evolving , 2013 saw a landmark change take place. Under the Succession to the Crown Act, male heirs no longer take precedence over their sisters, bringing an end to the system of preference that existed since the Act of Settlement of 1701. This means Princess Charlotte of Cambridge is now fourth in line to the throne, following her grandfather The Prince of Wales, father The Duke of Cambridge and elder brother Prince George of Cambridge.
The British Monarchy is known as a constitutional monarchy. This means that, while The Sovereign is Head of State, the ability to make and pass legislation resides with an elected Parliament.
Although The Sovereign no longer has a political or executive role , he or she continues to play an important part in the life of the nation.
As Head of State, The Monarch undertakes constitutional and representational duties which have developed over one thousand years of history. In addition to these State duties, The Monarch has a less formal role as 'Head of Nation'. The Sovereign acts as a focus for national identity , unity and pride ; gives a sense of stability and continuity; officially recognises success and excellence; and supports the ideal of voluntary service. In all these roles The Sovereign is supported by members of their immediate family.
It can be hard to tell what the royal family's official duties are. Generally, every royal supports charities , appears at events , and occasionally travels the globe to strengthen diplomatic relationships. But some royals also have day jobs , and others have long military careers. As a team, the royal family has about 2,000 engagements, entertains 70,000 guests, and answers 100,000 letters every year .
Today the Royal family is of a huge influence on the modern british society. Its Instagram account is followed by 3.5m people, lives of its members have become a kind of tv-show, where the world spies over their every step and the pressure is being added by hundreds of rules they have to follow. Either you love them or agree with the anti-monarch stream , the fact that the huge part of British tax income is spent on the royal upkeep is undeniable. The carefree life of the winsdors costs Britain $450 million per year. Yet the poll carried out in 2013 showed that the percentage of the society support of a Queen is 75%. And everyone of us understands, that royals are a huge corporayion, whose ruling leader is the Quenn Elizabeth II.
Royal wedding are another theme to discuss . Those have always been pompous events observed by millions of people.
The Future. The time since the House of Windsor was founded has been unlike any other time in history. Life today isn’t the same as it was 100 years ago, and neither are the Windsors. A once distant monarchy – that in the past many may have only seen in portraits or on coins – has become closer to the public. Today, the Windsors embrace the technology of a digital age, in tune with the times and more accessible than ever before.
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Roman Britain
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Roman Britain

Near the end of the 10th century, there was renewed Scandinavian interest in England, with the conquests of Sweyn of Denmark and his son Canute. By 1066 there were three lords with claims to the English throne, resulting in two invasions and the battles of Stamford Bridge and Hastings, the results of which established Anglo-Norman rule in England. Tudor England Tudor period was between 1485-1603. First King of Tudor period was Henry VII. He won the House of Lancaster in the War of Roses. On his reign Britain started to improve financially. Also people started to live in the cities, mostly middle class people.Renaissance was revived and education improved, because of the printing press. In 1509 Henry VIII became king. He is of course one of the most famous rulers in Britain. Most people know him because he had many wievs, from who he killed most. But actually he did many other things worth remembering. He made the Reformation what made him

Inglise keel
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Inglise keelt kõnelevate maade ajaloo eksamiküsimused

were made dependent on their land and on their lord. The manorial system was the most convenient device for organizing the estates of the aristocracy and the clergy in the European Middle Ages. Feudalism is a hierarchical system in which a lord or king gives a gift or land to a vassal in exchange for protection. The decline of feudalism can be marked by the crusades. *Edward the Confessor ­ was an Anglo-Saxon King of England and the last of the House of Wessex. His reign marked the continuing disintegration of royal power in England and the enlargement of the great territorial counts. Edward was canonized and is regarded as the patron saint of kings, difficult marriages, and separated spouses and the Royal Family. Edward's reign was marked by peace and prosperity. He married Edith, daughter of Earl Godwin of Wessex, but they were childless. It was during the reign of Edward that some

Inglise keel kõnelevate maade ajalugu
Sandrigham house
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Sandrigham house

Margus Maasik G1a SANDRINGHAM HOUSE The Queen and other members of the Royal Family regularly spend Christmas at Sandringham and make it their official base until February each year. When The Queen or members of the Royal Family are not in residence, the house is open to the public. The Estate is run commercially by the Land Agent, on The Queen's behalf. Over half of the Estate is let to farm tenants, the remainder being farmed in hand or used for forestry (the Estate has its own sawmill). There are also two studs, a fruit farm and a country park. These, together with the house's gardens, employ over 100 full-time staff. Sandringham Country Park, open free all year since 1968, is an area of 250 hectares (over 600

Inglise keel
The Queens of England
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The Queens of England

Mary I Mary I, called Mary Tudor (1516-1558), Queen of England (1553-1558). Mary was born in London on February 18, 1516, the daughter of Henry VIII by his first wife, Catherine of Aragón. Because Henry divorced Catherine, Mary was declared illegitimate. Nonetheless, Henry included her in his will, and on the death of her half-brother, Edward VI, on July 6, 1553, she became the legal heir to the throne. Although Lord High Chamberlain John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, favoured the succession of his daughter-in-law, Lady Jane Grey, and proclaimed her queen on July 10, the country supported Mary. As a Roman Catholic, Mary began her reign by sweeping away the religious innovations of her father and her

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Queen Victoria and her time
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Queen Victoria and her time

and ruled in her own stead. Popular respect for the Crown was at a low point at her coronation, but the modest and straightforward young Queen won the hearts of her subjects. She wished to be informed of political matters, although she had no direct input in policy decisions. The Reform Act of 1832 had set the standard of legislative authority residing in the House of Lords, with executive Viscount Melbourneauthority resting within a cabinet formed of members of the House of Commons; the monarch was essentially removed from the loop. She respected and worked well with Lord Melbourne (Prime Minister in the early years of her reign) and England grew both socially and economically. [5] Marriage The Queen married Prince Albert on 10 February 1840 at the Chapel Royal in St. James's Palace; four days before, Victoria granted her husband the style His Royal Highness. Prince Albert was commonly known as the "Prince Consort", though he did not formally obtain the

British history (suurbritannia ajalugu)
Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur konspekt
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Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur konspekt

developing legal system of England. The proper name for the Magna Carta is the Magna Carta Libertatum, the Great Charter of Freedoms. By establishing Magna Carta the King was not above the law. 14. 100 year war - a series of separate wars lasting from 1337 to 1453 between two royal houses for the French throne, which was vacant with the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings. The two primary contenders were the House of Valois and the House of Plantagenet, also known as the House of Anjou. The House of Valois claimed the title of King of France, while the Plantagenets from England claimed to be Kings of France and England. Plantagenet Kings were the 12th century rulers of the Kingdom of England, and had their roots in the French regions of Anjou and Normandy. The Hundred Years' War was, in many respects, a "civil war" as French soldiers fought on both sides, with Burgundy and Aquitaine providing notable support for the Plantagenet side.

Suurbritannia ühiskond ja kultuur
Inglise keelt kõnelevate maade ajalugu lühikonspekt
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Inglise keelt kõnelevate maade ajalugu lühikonspekt

by Harold, and Norman army by William Eng army was exhausted from fighting with Harold Hardrada of Norway and they, strong at first, fell. Ther Norman Conquest Started in 1066, risings against Norman rule every year from 1067 to 1070 The Normans had live like an occupation unit, build castles New ruling class, culture, language- French Higly developed feudals ystem, royal power Lasted till 1154, Henry II The House of Normandy William te Conqueror 11C William II Rufus 11C Henri I Beauclerc 12C Stephen 12C The Bayeux Tapestry Is 70 m of embroidered linen, describes how William the Conqueror invaded England In annotated in latin, made by either Queen Matilda of ordered by Bishop of Bayeux, William´s brother The most important pictural image of 11 C, priceless value The Domesday Book Historical record, based on the great survey of

Inglise keel
Britain history
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Britain history.

It was a meeting of the King and his Barons and servants at which various administrative and financial problems were discussed. In order to make it easier to put the decisions taken into practice, each Shire had to elect a number of knights to attend at these meetings at report the decisions to their Shires. Edward I continued this experiment and in 1295 called a parliament that became known as the Model Parliament. The House of Commons as a separate Chamber resulted from the unofficial meeting of these knights and burgesses. The person chosen to speak for these commoners in Parliament became known as the speaker. The Hundred Years War fought between France and England had a devastating effect on the English economy. The high taxation necessary to finance the war and the Black Death (1348) led to such extreme hardship for the peasant class that there was a revolt in 1381.

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