Report: Canada (0)

Tallinn English College
CANADA
Report
Karin Kristen Tapupere
8.b
Instructor: Tiiu Martma
Intro:
Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area and its common border with the United States to the south and northwest is the longest in the world.
The land occupied by Canada was inhabited for millennia by various groups of Aboriginal people. Beginning in the late 15th century , British and French expeditions explored , and later settled along , the Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years ' War. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. It is a bilingual and multicultural country, with both English and French as official languages .

Geography :

Covering most of the northern part of the North American continent and with an area larger than that of the United States, Canada has an extremely varied topography. In the east, the mountainous maritime provinces have an irregular coastline on the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the Atlantic. The St. Lawrence plain , covering most of southern Quebec and Ontario , and the interior continental plain, covering southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan and most of Alberta , are the principal cultivable areas . They are separated by a forested plateau rising from Lakes Superior and Huron.
Westward toward the Pacific, most of British Columbia, the Yukon , and part of western Alberta are covered by parallel mountain ranges, including the Rockies. The Pacific border of the coast range is ragged with fjords and channels . The highest point in Canada is Mount Logan (6,050 m), which is in the Yukon. The two principal river systems are the Mackenzie and the St. Lawrence. The St. Lawrence, with its tributaries, is navigable for over 1,900 miles (3,058 km).

Government :

Canada is a federation of ten provinces (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador , Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island , Quebec, and Saskatchewan) and three territories (Northwest Territories, Yukon, and Nunavut ). Formally considered a constitutional monarchy, Canada is governed by its own House of Commons. While the governor-general is officially the representative of Queen Elizabeth II, in reality the governor-general acts only on the advice of the Canadian prime minister.

History:

The first inhabitants of Canada were native Indian peoples , primarily the Inuit (Eskimo). The Norse explorer Leif Eriksson probably reached the shores of Canada (Labrador or Nova Scotia) in 1000, but the history of the white man in the country actually began in 1497, when John Cabot , an Italian in the service of Henry VII of England , reached Newfoundland or Nova Scotia. Canada was taken for France in 1534 by Jacques Cartier. The actual settlement of New France, as it was then called, began in 1604 at Port Royal in what is now Nova Scotia; in 1608 , Quebec was founded . France's colonization efforts were not very successful, but French explorers by the end of the 17th century had penetrated beyond the Great Lakes to the western prairies and south along the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico. Meanwhile , the English Hudson's Bay Company had been established in 1670. Because of the valuable fisheries and fur trade, a conflict developed between the French and English; in 1713, Newfoundland, Hudson Bay, and Nova Scotia (Acadia) were lost to England. During the Seven Years' War (1756–1763), England extended its conquest, and the British general James Wolfe won his famous victory over Gen. Louis Montcalm outside Quebec on Sept. 13, 1759. The Treaty of Paris in 1763 gave England control.
Nature :
Canada is also geologically active , having many earthquakes and potentially active volcanoes. The volcanic eruption of Tseax Cone in 1775 caused a catastrophic disaster, killing 2,000 Nisga'a people and the destruction of their village in the Nass River valley of northern British Columbia; the eruption produced a 22.5-kilometre (14.0 mi) lava flow, and according to legend of the Nisga'a people, it blocked the flow of the Nass River. As of 2008, there are 36 National Parks and six National Park Reserves.. The biggest natural parks are Banff National Park, Gros Morne National Park of Canada, Wood Buffalo National Park of Canada and Prince Edward Island.
I will tell you more about Banff National Park:
Banff National Park is Canada's oldest national park, established in 1885 in the Rocky Mountains. The park, located 110-180 kilometres west of Calgary in the province of Alberta, encompasses 6,641 square kilometres of mountainous terrain, with numerous glaciers and ice fields, dense coniferous forest, and alpine landscapes. The Icefields Parkway extends from Lake Louise, connecting to Jasper National Park in the north. Provincial forests and Yoho National Park are neighbours to the west, while Kootenay National Park is located to the south and Kananaskis Country to the southeast. The main commercial centre of the park is the town of Banff, in the Bow River valley. Banff National Park is located on Alberta's western border with British Columbia. Banff is about an hour and half driving distance from Calgary, and four hours from Edmonton. Jasper National Park is located to the north, while Yoho National Park is to the west, and Kootenay National Park is to the south. Kananaskis Country, which includes Bow Valley Wildland Provincial Park, Spray Valley Provincial Park, and Peter Lougheed Provincial Park, is located to the south and east of Banff.
There are many famous people who are Canadian such as Victoria Pratt, KD Lang and Keanu Reeves but I would like to talk about Brendan Frazer.
Brendan James Fraser (born December 3, 1968) is a Canadian-American actor of stage and screen . He has starred in many major Hollywood films , including The Mummy film series, Crash, Dudley Do-Right, Looney Tunes: Back in Action , George of the Jungle and Journey to the Center of the Earth.
Fraser's first film role was a brief cameo in an America's Most Wanted Reenactment (1988) he played friend to Rodney Mark Peterson , who was murdered. He has since garnered over 30 film credits. He had his first lead role in Encino Man (1992). That same year , he starred opposite Matt Damon, Ben Affleck, and Chris O'Donnell in School Ties. In 1994, he co-starred alongside Steve Buscemi and Adam Sandler in the comedy Airheads.
His biggest commercial success came with the action adventure horror film (co-starring Rachel Weisz) The Mummy (1999) and its sequel The Mummy Returns (2001), both of which were hugely successful at the box office. He has starred in two films based on Jay Ward creations, George of the Jungle and Dudley Do-Right although he did not reprise his role in the former 's sequel.
The biggest cities in Canada are Toronto , Ontario, Saskatoon, Quebec, Iqaluit, Halifax, Regina , Winnipeg, Yellowknife, Whitehorse, Victoria and Edmonton. I decided to speak about Yellowknife.
Yellowknife is the capital of the Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada. It is located on the north shore of Great Slave Lake, approximately 400 km (250 mi) south of the Arctic Circle, on the west side of Yellowknife Bay near the outlet of the Yellowknife River. Yellowknife and its surrounding water bodies were named after the local Yellowknives Dene First Nation , who made tools from regional copper deposits. The current population is ethnically mixed. Of the eleven official languages of the Northwest Territories, five are spoken in significant numbers in Yellowknife: Dene Suline, Dogrib, South and North Slavey, English, and French. In the Dogrib language, the city is known as Somba K'e ("where the money is").
Yellowknife was first settled in 1935, after gold had been found in the area; Yellowknife soon became the centre of economic activity in the NWT, and became the capital of the Northwest Territories in 1967. As gold production began to wane, Yellowknife shifted from being a mining town to being a centre of government services in the 1980s. However , with the discovery of diamonds north of Yellowknife in 1991, this shift has begun to reverse.
Sources used: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada
http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107386.html
http://www.pc.gc.ca/progs/np-pn/intro_e.asp
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banff_National_Park#Geography
http://www.greatcanadianparks.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brendan_Fraser
http://www.canadians.ca/r.ht m
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellowknife
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Canada