Vask Vask oli üks esimesi inimkonna poolt enim kasutatavaid metalle, kuna seda leidus kergesti maagist ja sellel on üsna madal sulamistemperatuur. Esimest korda avastati ja kasutati vaske umbes 10, 000 aastat tagasi. Oma suure kasutamise ajaloo on saanud vask pronksi sulami leiutamisest, milleks kasutati vase ja tina sulamit. Sellest hiljem valmistati relvi, ehteid, raha jne. Vaske leidub looduses peamiselt siiski ühenditena, näiteks sulfiidina või rohelise malahhiidina. Tähtsamad vase leiukohad on Escondida- Tšiilis ja Cananea-Mehhikos. Vaske toodetakse sulfiidsetest maakides, mis sisaldavad vasepüriiti. Maak rikastatakse, sulatatakse vasekiviks ja hiljem põletatakse sellest välja kahjulikud lisandid. 10 kõige suurimat vaske tootvat riiki on: Tšiili, Hiina, Peruu, Ameerika Ühendriigid, Demokraatlik Vabariik Kongo, Austraalia, Venemaa, Zambia, Kanada ja Mehhiko. Puhtal kujul kasutatakse vaske igapäeva e...
Aim To familiarize oneself with some more common instances of corrosion. Reagents Hydrochloric acid 0.1 M; sulphuric acid 0.1 M; zinc and aluminium granules; copper wire; solution of copper(II) sulphate; solution of copper(II) chloride; solution of iron(II) sulphate; solution of potassium hexacyanoferrate(III); zinc-plated iron sheet; tin-plated iron sheet; iron paper clips; solid NaCl; urotropin. Equipment Test tubes, small beaker (50 cm3), centrifuge tube. Experiments 1. Making of a galvanic pair 1.1. Place a zinc granule on the bottom of the centrifuge tube and pour solution of hydrochloric acid on top
torustike valmistamiseks. (Leelo Laurits jt, 2004) 9 5. Skeem iseloomustab viimasena kirjeldatud vase tootmise viisi. 2.4. Peamised tootjariigid Vaske tootvaid riike on maailmas palju, kuid 2013. aasta seisuga kuuluvad esikümnesse Tšiili, Hiina, Peruu, USA, Austraalia, Venemaa, Sambia, Kongo DV, Kanada ja Mehhiko. Need riigid toodavad aastas üle 500 000 tonni vaske. (List of countries by copper production, 2014) Kuulsamad firmad, mis kaevandavad vaske, on Codelco, Freeport-McMoRan, BHP Billiton, Xstrata, Rio Tinto, Anglo American, Grupo Mexico, Glencore International, Southern Copper Corp ja KGHM Polska Miedz (Top 10 Copper Producing Companies, 2012). 2.5. Kasutamine 2009. a oli vase tarbimine maailmas ~21 miljonit lühikest tonni (1 lühike tonn = 907,185 kg) (Metallurgia, 2014). Tänapäeval kasutatakse vasemaake näiteks ehete valmistamisel, müüakse erinevaid kivikesi -
Oxidation Numbers A short list Monatomic ions +1 all the alkali metals show the +1 oxidation state only Cu+1 copper (I) , cuprous H+1 hydrogen Au+1 gold (I) Li+1 lithium +1 Ag silver Na+1 sodium +1 Tl thallium (I) K+1 potassium +2 Hg2 mercury (I), mercurous Rb+1 rubidium
10.1.13 Location 10.1.13 10.1.13 National emblem White eagle in a crown against a red background 10.1.13 POLAND in brief Capital: Warsaw Language: Polish Population: 38 million Currency: 1 zlot Area: 312,685 km2 Political system: Parliamentary democracy 10.1.13 President Premier Minister Lech Kaczynski Donalt Tusk 10.1.13 Natural resources Poland's most important natural resources are hardcoal and lignite, copper, zinc and lead ores, silver, sulphur, salt, rock salt, building stone, natural gas and oil. 10.1.13 POLL Do you think Poland is touristsfriendly country? Yes 66% No 16% I don't know 18% 10.1.13 Thank you 10.1.13
Alaska Aron Leemets 8.c Alaska Size -1,7 mil km2 Population -690,000 Capital -Juneau Biggest city-Anchorage Anchorage Size- 5080 km2 Population- 300,950 Fauna Polar Bear Brown Bear Endangered Animal Species Fin whale Humpback whale Flora Tundra Mineral resources Gold, coal, oil, copper, zinc, platinum, Main sights Hubbard glacier Sledge dogs Interesting Facts spread worldwide, dog breed Used literature http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tundra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife_of_Alaska https://www.google.ee/search? q=alaska+fauna&hl=et&biw=1366&bih=667 &source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=8Y4NVdL gJYjOaKTsgqAF&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAQ Thank you for listening
Salt Lake City Olympic Games 2002 Kristin Prangel ja Kertu Roose 10.c General Information XIX Olympic Games February 8th through February 24 George Washington Bush Olympic fire Host city and location Changes New facilities High mountains Salty lake Rocky Mountain Region Olympic Village Symbols Motto: Citius, Altius Fortius Powder Copper Coal Snowflake Light the Fire Within Events 78 events Olympic medals Venues Worldclass venues 14 different places 10 to 60 minute drive Community facilities Highlights Ole Einar Bjørndalen Samppa Lajunen China Janica Kosteli Other information 1st Winter Olympic games. The most recent games 78 athletes Estonian athletes 18 competitors Biathlon Cross country skiing Figrue skater Nordic combined Ski jumper References http://www.utah.com/olympics http://www.eok
Anastassia Sevtsenko The Republic of Ireland Northern Ireland Climate January and February are the coldest months of the year. Temperatures 4 - 7 °C July and August are the warmest. Temperatures 14 - 16 °C Ethnic groups Natural resources natural gas petroleum peat copper lead limestone silver President of Ireland Mary McAleese Currency Before the introduction of the euro notes and coins in January 2002, Ireland used the Irish pound. Export goods machinery and equipment computers chemicals pharmaceuticals animal products Import goods data processing equipment machinery and equipment chemicals petroleum and petroleum products textiles clothing THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
6)Ikoon- pühakut kujutav maal 7)Akt-alasti maal Tehnikad:1)guasid 2)pastellid 3)õlivärvid 4)akvarellid AACHEN, Hans von Portrait of Emperor Rudolf II 1590s Oil on canvas, 60 x 48 cm Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna ALLORI, Alessandro St Peter Walking on the Water 1590s Oil on copper, 47 x 40 cm Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence ALLSTON, Washington Uriel Standing in the Sun 1817 Oil on canvas, 248 x 198 cm Mugar Memorial Library, Boston BACKHUYSEN, Ludolf View from the Mussel Pier in Amsterdam 1673 Oil on canvas Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
Vask(II)karbonaat Markus Lomann 8.c Vask(II)karbonaat on sinakasroheline keemiline ühend, mis moodustab ühe osa paatinast, kus on sees messing, pronks või vask. Selle värvus võib varieeruda eresinisest roheliseni, sest võib-olla segu mõlemast, nii vaskkarbonaadist, kui ka aluselisest vaskkarbonaadist hüdratsooni erinevatel astmetel. Algselt kasutati seda palju pigmendina ning on siiamaani kasutusel kuntsnike värvides. Seda on kasutatud ka meigitoodetes, nagu huulevärv, kuigi see võib olla inimestele ka mürgine. Seda on mitmeid aastaid kasutatud farmide tiikides veeviljeluse tõstmiseks. Vask(II)karbonaat oli esimene ühend, mis jaotati mitmeks erinevaks osaks vask, süsinik ja hapnik. See lahutati aastal 1794 prantsuse keemiku Joseph Louis Prousti poolt . Kui seda kuumutati, siis lagunes ja t...
Canada By: Pille Meipalu Canada´s capital city is Ottawa , in Ontario. Government type : Federal Commonwealth Head of State : Queen Elizabeth II Head of Covernment: Prime Minister Stephen Harper Leisure and Sports The population of Canada , 15 years and older rank fishing, golf and reading as their top three leisure activities. The top three sports in Canada are Golf, Ice Hockey and Baseball. Landscape/ Land Forms Canada`s Landscape includes several mountain ranges, including the Torngats, Appalacians and Laurentials in the east : the Rocky, Coastal and Mackenzie ranges in the west and Mount St. Elias and the Pelly Mountains in the north. At 19,550 ft. Mt. Logan in the Yukon is Canada`s tallest peak There are an estimated two million lakes in Canada .The largest the Great Lakes,witch are shared between the Usa and Canada ...
Poison dart frog Dart frog Dart frogs lives in central and south America, in tropical rain forests. This specie belongs to Dendrobatidae family of frogs. Poison dart frogs eat insects, ants, termites, and beetles. Appearance The size of the frog may vary from 1.5 centimeters to 6 centimeters. Some poison dart frogs weigh as less as 2 grams and are about the size of a paper clip. Their colouring can be yellow, gold, copper, red, green, blue or black. Colourful skin is very appealing yet venomous. Dart frog venom These frogs some species are absolutely lethal. Poison dart frogs keep their poison in their skin and this can kill anyone that touches them. The golden poison dart frog has enough venom to kill 10 adult humans. Only two micrograms of all dart frogs venom is enough to kill a large mammal. Other facts Only some predators like certain spiders and the Amazon ground snake
Statue of Libery The Statue of Liberty is located in New York. It is a huge statue of woman who is holding tablet in left hand and torch in right hand. A seven points of her crown are represented the seven oceans and continents of world. The Statue was designed by Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi. It was started in 1876 and was finished in 1884. It is made of copper with steel supports.The Statue of Liberty was gift to Americans from French to celebrated the 100th anniversary of American Declaration of Idepedence. The Statue was made in sections in June on 1885 and they put it into 214 boxes and shipped it to New York. After they reassembled the Statue in four months. In 1924 the Statue of Liberty was declared national monument. The Statue of Liberty is visted by more than a million people every year.
1. The friction causes heat and wear 2. Oil needs changing every 10000 km 3. Joint and junction 4. Oilways must be leakproof 5. Rigid and semi-flexible 6. Crankcase 7. Timing gears 8. Chain rocker 9. Wate evaporates 10. Rotary movement 11. Resistance 12. Future cars will not need greases 13. The air is mixed with fuel in ratio about 15:1 14. Filter element are made of resign-impregnated paper 15. There is no handle in file 16. This alloy comtaims copper 17. He can be brass or bronze 18. Check valve 19. By-pass valve 20. filter becomes blocked with sludge
Gaelic football- The game Hurling Similiar to hockey is like a mix of a soccer and but played on a field. rugby. Flag and religion o Irish flag is a vertical tricolour of green, white, and orange. o About 90 % of the people are Roman Catholics St. Patrick's Cathedral The Irish flag Natural resources The primary natural resources of Ireland, include natural gas, petroleum, peat, copper, lead, dolomite, barite, limestone, gypsum, silver and some zinc Ireland has no coal. Gypsum mine Limestone pavement Presidents of Ireland Ireland has had 8 presidents , current president is Mary Patricia McAleese. Mary Therese Winifred Mary Patricia McAleese Robinson Food and drinks
Geography South Africa, on the continent's southern tip, is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the west and by the Indian Ocean on the south and east. Its neighbors are Namibia in the northwest, Zimbabwe and Botswana in the north, and Mozambique and Swaziland in the northeast. Eleven languages are spoken in South Africa : english, xhosa, zulu, afrikaans, venda, swazi, ndebele, tswana, tsonga,sepedi and soutj. There are black people, white people and different Asians living in South Africa. South Africa was a British colony and Indians were used there as slaves. South Africa has three capitals: an administrative capital Pretoria, a legislative capital Cape Town and a judicial capital Bloemfontein. South Africa's total area is 1,219,912 sq km and its population is 43,997,828. Economy Its agriculture is corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; beef, poultry, mutton and wool. Most industries are mining, automobile assembly, metalworkin...
convicts from Britain. Then other people from Britain began to settle there as well. The Aborigines were cruelly suppressed, and it is only recently that white Australians have begun to acknowledge Aborigines' rights to their sacred lands. Population and people. In 1901, all the separate parts of Australia united into one country. Many of the people, who came to Australia to find gold, stayed there on to other kinds of work. They found that Australia has other riches such as coal, copper, iron, lead. The forests have much good timber. People were needed to buy and sell what was raised. Cities grew. But even today the big country is far from crowded. Its population is around 20 million people and is a rich blend of various ethnic groups, with substantial populations from Italy, Greece, the Far East and Africa. There are about 40000 aborigines. The people of Australia speak English. Service industries provide about two-thirds of Australia's jobs
· Inhabitants put up buildings of · They caught fish, grew wheat and stone and wood, built the first roads. corn as well as tamed and bred animals. · There can be find Neolithic burial · Also learned the art of pottery and chambers and huge temples. made things of wool, metal and copper. · Stonehenge as the best known · The celtic tribes were ruled by a prehistoric monument in Britain and one warrior class, priests or Druids. of the world's greatest mysteries. · Druids couldn't read or write, but · It was built in several stages. they memorised all the religious
Miina Härma Gümnaasium Emma Tammpere EYRE JÄRV referaat Karin Kannerma Tartu 2018 Sisukord · Sissejuhatsus · Asukoht · Eyre järve mõõtmed · Austraalia soolaseim järv · Põnevad faktid Eyre järve kohta · Eyre järve nimi · Eyre järve elustik Sissejuhatus Tere! Olen Miina Härma Gümnaasiumi, 5.b-e õpilane. Nii nagu iga meie klassi õpilane, koostasin ka mina referaadi ühest maailma järvest. Isiklikult valisin Eyre järve (tuntud ka, kui Thanda-Lake Eyre), sest tegu on väga huvitava ja omapärase järvega-selle omapärasustest saate teada referaadi lugedes. Asukoht Eyre järv asub Lõuna Austraalias. See katab 1/6 kogu Austraalia pindalast. Sissevoolu allikaks on Austraalia üks tuntumaid jõgesid nimega Warburton River. Eyre Järve mõõtmed Eyre järve pindala on 9500km² ja järve valgalaks on 1 140...
Spain General Data ► Area: 504 782 km ² ► Population: 46.12 million ► Capital: Madrid ► Capital Population: 4 million ► Language: Spanish ► Currency: EUR ► Symbols: Anthem - La Marcha Real, flag, coat of arms, the national flower-the red carnation, animal-ox, national bird-Short-toed Eagle ► The King : Juan Carlos I Symbols ► Anthem http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0 S19dt7JWQs Geographical position ► In Southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula ► Neighboring countries: France, Andorra and Portugal (in the west) ► Between Spain and Morocco is narrow Strait of Gibraltar ► Territory of the country includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, and 13 Canary Island (the largest of which is Tenerife and Gran Canaria) in the Atlantic Ocean Map Location in Europe Natural conditions ► Subtropical climatic zone (2 seasons) ► Summers are hot and dry in Spain, winters are ...
So the stakes were high. Everybody knew that they could rule the world with this mysthical substance. But now everybody believed in it. Mixing together diferent substances probably shorten their life span by decades. They spent their lives to find it but I don't think that they managed it. Why i would like to have a philosopher's stone? Think about a person who can make gold. I could rule the world simply by being able to produce massive amounts of money out of iron or copper. I could be the richest person on earth and do what i want. It's a nice dream but thinking about it more deeply and after a really short research, I do not believe that a thing like Philosopher's stone exists.
The everything TV The article talks about television to change internet based. So you could press one or two buttons to call up your television in any form of video-releated entertainment you desire, which allows you to sit on one's couch. The internet's invasion of the living room marks so called third era of television. The first era arrived in middle of the last century and in 1980s cable televison ushered in the second era by using copper wires bundled into coaxial cables to transmit hundreds more channels into the home. Network TV was financed exclusively by commercials aand cable networks collected a fee per customer per month. In the 1990s engineers worked out way to deliver digital data on top of cable television signals. This meant that cable customers could get broadband internet without additional infrastructure. So the cable companies became corporate giants who distributed television and a...
was admitted, and then cooled again to condense the steam. This wasted a lot of time and fuel. Two years later, while walking through Glasgow Green, Watt hit upon the idea of condensing the steam in a separate place. This removed the need for heating and cooling, making the engine faster, safer, and it used a lot less fuel. A stone in Glasgow Green marks this spot, where the industrial revolution really began. Watt's engines were initially used for pumping water from copper mines. Later, the new cotton mills, which had been built near fastflowing rivers to take advantage of water power, almost all switched to steam. Gradually, mills began to move toward the centres of population. At first, steam power was used mainly for spinning, but eventually weaving was also powered by steam engine. By 1819, the year of Watt's death, there were 18 steam weaving factories in Glasgow, with 2800 looms. (This was excellent
sugar and wheat. Fruits like apples and pears are grown in all the states. South Australia also produces large quantities of grapes that are used for making wine. Sheep and cattle are raised in all the states and wheat is grown in all areas of Australia that have medium rainfall and moderate temperature. Mining One of the worlds major mining. Leading producer of coal, copper, gold, iron, silver, tin etc. Firstly there came the gold rush after in 1851, while news spread quickly. Men rushed towards the gold fields and gold was dug by hand but the consequences were bad, normal work stopped and cattles were left to die. Soon there was found, that Australia has other riches, such as copper, iron, lead etc. The forests have much good timber. Along shores pearl shell and tortoise shell can be gathered. Manufacturing
1.Which five areas does Highland Britain include? 1)Scotland 2)Wales 3)The Cornwall Peninsula 4)The Lake District 5)The Pennines 2.What is the highest top in Wales Snowdon 1,085m Scotland Ben Nevis 1,343m England Scafell Pike 978m How high is the highest mountain in the UK? Ben Nevis, 1,343m 3.Describe the relief of Scotland. Scotland is quite mountainous and there is also situated the highest peak in the UK, Ben Nevis. The Scottish Highlands cover the northern part of the country. Here The Northwest Highlands have rocky lunar landscape. South of Scotland is mostly covered with the Grampian Mountains which forms with some other mountains a huge mountain mass. The Central Lowland lie south of the Scottish Highlands. This region is a gently rolling plain. It has best farmland, and richest coal deposits. The Southern Uplands rise gently south of the Central Lowlands. This is a region of rounded, rolling hills. 4.What are the possibil...
Next to Paris in France it is the largest French- speaking city in the world. Canada belongs to British Commonwealth of Nations. It rules itself in very much the way the United States. Its capital is Ottawa. The country is divided into provinces and territories. Both the provinces of Ontario and British Columbia are much bigger than the states of Texas. Furs, farms, forests and fisheries make up much of Canada's wealth. The country is also rich in minerals. Canada has copper, lead, silver, gold and other metals. The discovery of rich oil fields in Alberta in 1947 has made oil production one of Canada's leading industries. South of Newfoundland is one of the greatest fishing regions in the world. Much of Canada is covered with forests. A great deal of the wood from the forests in Quebec is used for making paper. Western forests produce much timber. The farms of eastern Canada are rather small. Potatoes are an important crop.
mohikaanlane" mida peetakse samuti tema meistriteoseks. Oma esimese raamatu avaldas ta anonüümselt. Selle raamatu nimeks oli ,,Precaution" ning see ilmus 1820. Cooper kirjutas ,,Viimase Mohikaanlase" kirjutas ta Warrensburgis mis on natuke põhjas kogu raamatu tegevus paigast. 1826 kolis Cooper oma perega Euroopasse kus ta aga ei jätnud oma raamatute kirjutamist. Talle pakuti tööd Ühendatud Riikide organisatsioonis mille ta ka vastu võttis. 1833 aastal naases Copper Ameerikasse kus ta koheselt avaldas raamatu ,, A letter to my Countryman". Tema ,,Hirvekütis" on väga hästi näha tema enda idealiseerimise. Kõik tema raamatud mis ta nüüd oli hakanud avaldama kõnelesid poliitikas. Cooper hakkas tajuma pinget autori ja publiku vahel. Oma viimased eluaastad oli Cooper Coopertownis, mis sai oma nime tema ise järgi, kuhu ta suri vesitõvesse. Teosed: · Salakuulaja (1821) · Pioneerid ehk Susquehanna allikad (1823 · Loots (1823)
believed that the mainland and islands of America were part of the Indies, in Asia. So, when the Europeans started to arrive in the 16th- and 17th-century they were met by Native Americans. The Natives regarded their white-complexioned visitors as something of a marvel, not only for their outlandish dress and beards and winged ships but even more for their wonderful technology - steel knives and swords, fire-belching arquebus and cannon, mirrors, hawkbells and earrings, copper and brass kettles, and so on. However, conflicts eventually arose. As a starter, the arriving Europeans seemed attuned to another world, they appeared to be oblivious to the rhythms and spirit of nature. Nature to the Europeans - and the Indians detected this - was something of an obstacle, even an enemy. It was also a commodity: A forest was so many board feet of timber, a beaver colony so many pelts, a herd of buffalo so many robes and tongues. Even the Indians
Vask ja vasesulamid Vask Vask on ks vanimaid inimkonnale teadaolevaid metalle, mis sulameina (koos tinaga pronksidena) on olnud kasutusel enam kui 5000 aastat. Tnapeval on palju vga kasulikke vasesulameid, kuid metalli krgest hinnast tingituna on need paljudel juhtudel asendumas odavamate materjalidega nagu alumiinium ja plastid. Philised vasemaagid on kompleksmaagid vask- ja raudsulfiitidest. Vase tootmine neist toimub sulatusmetallurgia (prometallurgia) ja elektrometallurgia meetoditega. Sulatuse teel saadakse toorvaske, mis sisaldab 98,5...99,5% Cu ja lisandeina rauda, vvlit, hapnikku jt. Toorvask rafineeritakse elektroltiliselt, mille tulemusena saadakse puhas elektroltiline vask e. katoodvask vasesisaldusega 99,2...99,7%. Lmutatud vase elektrijuhtivus (1/) temperatuuril 20 °C on 58 mm2/m, mis on vetud elektrijuhtivuse standardvrtuseks ja vrdub 100%-ga IACS jrgi (International Annealed Copper Standard). Puhta va...
tonnes of stone every day. The pyramid remained the tallest man-made structure in the world for over 3,800 years Pyramid complex The Great Pyramid of Giza is the main part of a complex setting of buildings that included two temples in honor of Khufu, three smaller pyramids for Khufu's wives, an even smaller "satellite" pyramid and small Mastaba tombs surrounding the pyramid for nobles. There was a town for the workers of Giza, which included a cemetery, bakeries, a beer factory and a copper melting complex Giza's Materials The Great Pyramid consists of more than 2.3 million limestone blocks. The Egyptians got the majority of the limestone blocks from a nearby quarry. The Tufa limestone, used for the casing, was quarried across the river. The largest granite stones in the pyramid, found in the "King's" chamber, weigh up to 80 tonnes and were transported more than 900 kilometers away from Aswan. King's Chamber
AD 70 The first Roman city was Camulodunum also called Colonia Vitricencis. It was the seat of Roman power and governance of Brittania until sacked during the Boudiccan revolt. Why the Romans came to Britain is not quite certain. Two reasons have been suggested: 1) The Romans were cross with Britain for helping the Gauls (now called the French) fight against the Roman general Julius Caesar. 2) They came to Britain looking for riches - land, slaves, and most of all, iron, lead, zinc, copper, silver and gold. How long did the Romans stay in Britain? The Romans remained in Britain from 43 AD to 410 AD. That is almost four hundred years (four centuries). Why did the Romans leave Britain? Their homes in Italy were being attacked by fierce tribes and every soldier was needed. The River Thames was quick way to transport goods between Britain and the Continent. The Romans saw this and built the town of Londinium around the river's main crossing point. The Romans gave britain: Language
S. president, was a leading figure in America’s early development. During the American Revolutionary War (1775-83), Jefferson served in the Virginia legislature and the Continental Congress and was governor of Virginia. 6. The current constitution was adopted in 1788. The Constitution has been changed 26 times since 1789. 7. The main natrural resources in the United States of America are: oil shale, gold, coal, copper, iron, silver. 8. The agricultural products are: wheat, corn, soybeans, milk. The main industries in USA are textile, chemical, mechanical and electronics. 9. The legislative branch enacts legislation, confirms or rejects presidential appointments, and has the authority to declare war.The executive branch carries out and enforces laws.The judicial branch interprets the meaning of laws, applies laws to individual cases, and decides if laws violate the Constitution. 10
Most of the rocks have turned into sand. There are big sand deserts on the Western Plateau; the Great Desert and the Victoria Desert. In central Australia there are lowlands, covered with sedimentary rocks (settekivimid). The Great Dividing Range runs along the Pacific coast. The mountains are old and worn down. The Australian Alps are the highest of them. The highest top of Australia is Mount Kosciusko (2,2 km above sea level). Australian rocks are rich in gold, polymetallic ores, iron ore, copper, uranium. Much coal is mined in the sedimentary rocks of south-east. The greatest attraction in the Northern Territory is Uluru. It is a huge monolith rock, 862 metres above the sea level, rising out of the desert. The local Aborigines regarded it as a sacred site. No one is sure when the first Aborigines moved into the area but the best evidence suggests that it was at least 10000 years ago. The first graded road was built in 1948 on mount Uluru. Ayers Rock was
Their peak fell on the 1920s and 30s. Guitar continues to be popular also today. BELLOWS INSTRUMENTS Estonian bellows(Eesti lõõts) First accordions reached Estonia quickly through sailors and merchants. Soon local masters began to make these instruments, the most famous among them was August Teppo (18751959) of Võrumaa. He set a type that was copied by others. Teppo's lõõts had great volume, they lasted long and had copper ornaments. Particularly good were Teppo's strings. This lõõts has chords only in major. Teppo type instruments are called eesti lõõts or võru lõõts, or Teppo lõõts. This instrument is still very popular in Estonia, played by various age groups. Lõõts is taught also at traditional music instruction camps, at various schools and in college. Libliklõõts Accordions made in Russian factories also spread widely in Estonia. Most valued were instruments made in St
ice. These ice sheets moved southward. As they did so, the carried away much soil from Canada and pushed it down into the United States. Stretching west from the Great Lakes and Hudson Bay there are great prairies. West of the prairies there is a mountain Wonderland. The Canadian Rockies are higher than the Rockies in the United States. Industry Furs, farms, forests, and fisheries make up much of Canada's wealth. But the Country is also rich in minerals. Canada has copper, lead, silver, gold and other minerals. Thousands of Canadians earn their living as fishermen. The farms of eastern Canada are rather small. Potatoes are an important crop. Population About 27 million people live in Canada. About 80% of them live within 300 kilometres of Canada's southern border. Much of the rest of Canada is uninhabited or thinly populated because the country has rugged terrain and a severe climate. Canada's people are varied.
1. Materjalide kasutamine inimajaloo vältel, selle muutumise põhjused. Pöörata erilist tähelepanu metallide kasutamisele ja selle muutusele. 2. Metallide ja sulamite liigitus: tiheduse, sulamistemperatuuri, keemilise aktiivsuse järgi. 1) kergmetalllid ja -sulamid (light metals and alloys) tihedusega <5000 kg/m³. Nt. Liitium, berullium, magneesium, alumiinium jt. 2) raskemetallid ja -sulamid (heavy metals and alloys) tihedusega >10000kg/m³. Nt. Plaatina, volfram, molubdeen, plii, jt. 3) keskmetallid ja -sulamid tihedusega 5000-10000 kg/m³. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1) kergsulavad metallid ja sulamid (fusible metals and alloys), mille sulamistemperatuur ei uleta plii oma, st. 327 °C. Nt. Tina, plii, elavhobe jt. 2) rasksulavad metallid ja sulamid (refractory metals and alloys), mille sulamistemperatuur uletab raua oma, st. 1539 °C. Nt. Volfram, tantaal...
Fearful Negative Playful is most likely not open to contact is likely looking for contact and play Age Things for cats Spa Hair Park Hotels s salons s Cafes Jewellery Clothes Names Bombay Bombay gets along well with children and other pets Like a black leopard gold to copper eyes and short, flat, gleaming coat that accentuates a solid, muscular body often good at playing fetch, and some have learned to walk on leash usually wants to dominate other cats LIFE SPAN - 12 to 16 years Price 262 - 1,747 Japanese Bobtail One of the oldest cat breeds Full of energy, always playful, loving, endearing, and happy best describe the Japanese Bobtail's personality will watch TV with you, help you read the newspaper or a book, and they
Fearful Negative Playful is most likely not open to contact is likely looking for contact and play Age Things for cats Spa Hair Park Hotels s salons s Cafes Jewellery Clothes Names Bombay Bombay gets along well with children and other pets Like a black leopard gold to copper eyes and short, flat, gleaming coat that accentuates a solid, muscular body often good at playing fetch, and some have learned to walk on leash usually wants to dominate other cats LIFE SPAN - 12 to 16 years Price 262 - 1,747 Japanese Bobtail One of the oldest cat breeds Full of energy, always playful, loving, endearing, and happy best describe the Japanese Bobtail's personality will watch TV with you, help you read the newspaper or a book, and they
These conditions are suitable to the development of mixed wood and broadleaf forests. Mineral Resources Mining and fuel extraction and production accounted for 4.5 percent of Canada's GDP or some US$36.1 billion. Fuel exploration and production dominate this sector, but the processing of other types of mineral resources has grown significantly. In 1996, the top non-fuel minerals were gold with production of US$2.05 billion, copper US$1.47 billion, nickel US$1.45 billion, and zinc US$1.25 billion. There was also significant production of lead and iron. There are about 50 major gold mines in Canada and the country leads the world in technologies which extract gold from rock and soil. The nation is the world's largest producer of zinc and the fifth largest producer of lead. Among the provinces, Ontario is the top producer of non-fuel mineral resources, followed by Quebec, British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and Newfoundland
common nationality. The statistics say that about 90 % of the Republic's populace is Roman Catholic, 3% identify themselves as Protestants, and the remainder claim no religious beliefs, or belong to the small communities of believers such as Muslims, Jews and Jehovah's Witnesses The St. Paul's cathedral was dedicated to St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland. natural resources The primary Natural resources of Ireland, include natural gas, petroleum, peat(turvas), copper, lead(plii), dolomite, limestone(lubjakivi), gypsum, silver and some zinc Ireland has virtually no coal deposits, even though it's just 60 miles from Wales, one of the world's richest coal fields. On the left picture you can see a limestone pavement situated in the west coast of Ireland. and on the right picture you can see a gypsum mine. Presidents There have been 8 presidents in Ireland. Mary Therese Winifred Robinson was the first female
enabled considerable population Fifth level growth · After 750 CE findings increase · Typical feature in findings: Mixture of cultural influences from East, West and South but also local features common. Problem: Items do not speak, so they do not tell much about people and not even where they were manufactured; were they locally made or imported. A copper cauldron found in 1892 in Sakkola, Karelian Isthmus SPREAD OF KARELIANS Heartlands around Lake Ladoga and Kareliand Isthmus Karelian people and culture did have larger spreading from Arctic Ocean to lake Ilmen, from shores of lake Saimaa in present day Finland to Beloye Ozero in Russia. Karelians' settlements were also predominant on the shores of White Sea, along northern Dvina and in the northern part of Gulf of Bothnia.
famous detective and illustrated by Sidney Paget. The 12 stories in this collection are: "A Scandal in Bohemia" "The Red-Headed League" "A Case of Identity" "The Boscombe Valley Mystery" "The Five Orange Pips" "The Man with the Twisted Lip" "The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle" "The Adventure of the Speckled Band" "The Adventure of the Engineer's Thumb" "The Adventure of the Noble Bachelor" "The Adventure of the Beryl Coronet" "The Adventure of the Copper Beeches" The Five Orange Pips A young Sussex gentleman named John Openshaw has a strange story: in 1869 his uncle Elias Openshaw had suddenly come back to England to settle on an estate at Horsham, West Sussex after living for years in the United States as a Planter in Florida and serving as a Colonel in the Confederate Army. Not being married, Elias had allowed his nephew to stay at his estate. One strangeness is that although John could go
republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Fiji is the head of government, the President the head of state, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Parliament of Fiji. Fiji, endowed with forest, mineral, and fish resources, is one of the more developed of the Pacific island economies, though still with a large subsistence sector. Natural resources include timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil potential, hydropower. Fiji experienced a period of rapid growth in the 1960s and 1970s but stagnated in the 1980s. The coup of 1987 caused further contraction. Economic liberalization in the years following the coup created a boom in the garment industry and a steady growth rate despite growing uncertainty of land tenure in the sugar industry. The expiration of leases for sugar cane farmers (along with reduced farm and factory efficiency) has
John's). It's situated in the east of Canada. Population of the whole region is 2,3 million people. The climate is mild, humid and windy. The main industries are fishing, mining and forestry. The most popular landmark is the Appalachians. The North consists of Nunavut (capital Iqaluit), Northwest Territories (capital Yellowknife) and Yukon Territory (capital Whitehorse). These areas have very low density of population. Mining is popular in each of them, mostly they mine gold, zinc, copper and even diamonds there. In Yukon Territory there is the highest point of Canada Mount Logan, which is 5600 metres high. Most of the North is tundra and mostly Inuit live there.
milk, dairy products. How can you be exposed to dioxins and furans? You can be exposed to dioxins and furans by eating contaminated food. Dioxins and furans typically stay and build up in the fatty tissues of animals. This means that eating beef, pork, poultry, fish as well as dairy products can be a source of exposure. There are several sources of exposure to dioxins and furans. If you work in or near a municipal solid waste incinerator, copper smelter, cement kiln or coal fired power plant you can be exposed to dioxins and furans. Individuals who burn their household waste or burn wood can be exposed as well. Even forest fires can contribute to the creation of small amounts of dioxins and furans. Dioxins and furans have been found in the air, soil, and food. Dioxins and furans are mainly distributed through the air. However, only a small percentage of exposure is from air
Vase tootmine, tema sulamid ja kasutamine Referaat Keegi Teine Õppeaines: Tehnomaterjalid Juhendaja: Annika Koitmäe Rühm: eisaaõelda Tallinn 2013 1.1 VASE AJALUGU 1.2 Neoliitikum Kerge saadavus maagist ja üsna madal sulamistemperatuur lubasid vasel olla üks esimesi inimkonna poolt enimkasutatavaid metalle.Vask on üks vanim kasutatud metallidest- juba vähemalt 10000 aastat. Ainult kulda kasutati ennem vaske metallidest. Kogemused vase sulatamisega viisid edasi ka teiste metallide sulatamiseni nagu raud. Uue-kiviaja(10000eKr) ja pronksiaja vahel olnud Neuliitikumis (vase-kivi) kasutati vasest tööriistu,mis olid kasutusel koos kivitööriistadega või siis vahendeid,mis olid kombineeritud mõlemast materjalist. 1.3 Pronksiaeg Vase ja tina kokkusegamist ,et saavutada pronksi prooviti alles 4000 aastat peale vase avastamist ja 2000 a...
In 1851 gold was discovered in eastern Australia. This brought along the great gold rush. Thousands of people went to the new land to find fortune. Forty years later the gold was found in the west. The miners of the east had a very hard time, the water was scarce and the roads were bad. But then the railway was built. Many of people who came to Australia to find gold stayed on to do other kinds of work. The found that Australia has other riches too, such as coal, copper, ironore, nickel, natural gas and more. The forests had good timber. Along seashorepearls and tortoise shells could be gathered. Some needed to manufacture such things as butter, cheese, shoes and clothing. Geographical position Australia is located in southern hemisphere. It's the only continent except for Antarctica that is all south of equator. Sometimes Australia is called the Island Continent. There is a great reason why. It really is an island. It is
Britain was part of the European land mass until the end of the last Ice Age. It became an island by about 6000 BC. From about 3000 to 2000 BC the British Isles were inhabited by a group of people called the Iberians. These Stone Age people lived in limestone caves, they used stone axes and fashioned antlers and bones into leather-working tools. Later groups of people from what are now Germany, the Netherlands and Brittany also settled in Briton. During the Bronze Age, they mined tin, gold and copper and made bronze tools. They also probably built the spectacular prehistoric megaliths, such as Stonehenge on Salisbury Plain. The Celts invaded the British Isles in the 5th century BC in two waves. The Britons grew wheat and corn, caught fish, and tamed and bred animals. They made coarse cloth for their clothes, learned the art of pottery, made things of wool, metal and copper, and were good warriors. They traded with the Gauls and built many temples and altars. The Celts brought with them a
In 1997 scientists in Edinburgh succeeded in cloning a sheep. Scotland and Northern Ireland have long been noted for their production of whisky and textiles, notably tweed and linen respectively. Today Scotland is also a major producer of computers. The leading manufacturing regions are Greater London, Greater Manchester, West Midlands (Birmingham), Yorkshire, Newcastle, Glasgow, Bristol. Britain has relatively few mineral resources. Zinc, tin, iron ore and copper are all produced in small quantities, together with tiny amounts of gold and silver. Non- metallic minerals include limestone, chalk, clay, sandstone, salt and gypsum. Britain has the richest energy resources in EU including oil and natural gas, both primarily found in the North Sea, off eastern Scotland and eastern England respectively. About 77% of the land area of Britain is under agricultural use of some sort. Agriculture employs 2 per cent of the population
cricket, field hockey, netball, rugby league, rugby union, and performs well in cycling and swimming. Australia has participated in every summer Olympic Games of the modern era, and every Commonwealth Games. Australia hosted the 1956 and 2000 Summer Olympics. The Australian Open is one of the four major tennis tournaments played in the world each year. Economy Australia is leading producer of coal, copper, gold, silver, iron ore, managanese, nicker, tin. Mineral resources are: lead, zinc, bauxite, natural gas, petroleum, uranium, diamonds. Agriculture: 10% of cropland is irrigated 5% of workers are farmers highly mechanized farms Leading farm products: wool, wheat, sugar cane, cattle, meat, carves, fairy products, fruit(grapes, pineapples, bananas, apples, pears). Others are: barley, rice, oats, cotton, chicken and eggs, sheep and lambs. Manufacturing. Iron and steel production Factory machinery
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