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Veracruz
Spilling from the slopes of the Sierra Madre Oriental to the Hulf of Mexixo,the state of Veracruz froms a 450-mile-long crescent. Since Spanish colonial times the harbor at the city of Veracruz has been the point of entry for diverse cultures – either staging invasions or seeking a share in the state’s abundant resources. these newcomers – Spaniards, Africans, Greeks, Italians and Cubans – blended with the indigenous people to create a mélange of traditions that are unique to Veracruz.
Long before Cortes these tropical lowlands wwewe the domain of the Olmec,Mesoamerica’s oldest civikization, which rose to prominence 3,000 years ago, developing religious ideas , mathematical concepts and a calendar system that would be adopted later by the Maya and Aztec.
Master carvers, the Olmec disappeared mysteriously around 400 b.c.,leaving behind gigantic asalt heads believed to represent their rulers.Most are n display in Mxico’s museums , including the Museum o Anthropology in Xalap (right), the capital of Veracruz state.
Many of the Olmec sities were locates atop vast salt domes, witch , to modern feologists, means the presence of oil. Today that oil fuels a billon- dollar industry, second only to manufacturing . Mexico is the leading oil producer in Latin Ametica, with the world’s eighth largest reserves.Yet even the gargantuan oil industry has been vulnerable during the country ’s economic crisis .To raise cash to service the national debt, Mexico’s stateowned petroleum company,Petroleos Mexicanos, or Pemex, has been hanging ‘’For sale ” signs on plants that produce petrochemicals for photographic film ,antifreeze, nylon stockings, nd fertilizers.
Sharing the Gulf with Pemex oil tankers in Veracruz’s fishing fleet, the largest in Mexico.Each day before sunrise some 11,600 boats pull out to harvest shrimp,clams, oysters, crabs, and fish - enough to supply 12 percent of the country’s commercial seafood needs .
The grit and grime of the oil industry and the frantic sorting of fish – this is what many outsiders think of as the essence of Veracruc Yet there is an other – a calmer, quieter Vera cruz – down any country road.In the fishing village of Mandinga, for example a cool Gulf breeze softens the humid afternoon heat as the town’s residents – mestizos partly descenced from African slaves – go about their business along dusty streets that Alfonso.”so they come back .At least here they alwayshave a job”
And hey have their music.Of all Veracruz’s cosmpolitian influences – food laced with Italian spices, heading practices from Arfica, sensual dances from Cuba – it is music that speaks to the souls of the state 6.7 millon people.Beneah sun-drenched palm trees ,tris of string musicians isteners el son jaroaocho,a blend of styles from aroud the world that has become the typical music of Veracruz. Between numbers – androunds of beer and bpiled shrimp – dueling marimba bands launch into ear-busting renditions of “Veracruz” the unofficial state anthem by native spn Agustin Lara.”For veracruzanos” says veteran marimba player Matias Montejo, “music is the highest thing”
Racking up points, youngsters test their skills on la maquinita, their name for the video game outside a grocery store in Tlacotalpan.for a peso, players get to run high-tech obstacle courses in five mythical worlds.In real life they will be lucky to get to past the obstacles of their own world,a dwindling town of 15,000 in the Papaloapan River Basin .”It’s a nice town,peaceful, clean and secure ,”says store owner Felipe Romeo.”But there’s nothing muvh for the kids to do once they finish scool .Nothing but fishing and raising sucarcane, beans or bananas.If they want something else , they have to leave.”
Once a bustling port, Tlacotalpan faded when it was bypassed by the railroad that came to the region in the last century – a story repeated in many of Veracruz’s small towns.Now not much is left exeot crayon – coloured houses , fishing boats bobbing on the waterfront,trees laden with green bananas, and an occasional round of dancing in the plaza – necessities of life in sedate, seductive Veracruz.
Veracruz, formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave is one of the 31 states that constitute the republic of Mexico.
It is located in the east -central part of the Gulf of Mexico country, between 17°10 and 22°38 North and between 93°55' and 98°38' West . On the coastal plains and throughout most of the state, the climate is hot and humid. On the foothills of the mountains , the climate is cool and humid. The climate only becomes cold in the mountain regions, where it also rains copiously. Veracruz is occasionally affected by hurricanes from November through October.
This state has a tropical climate and impressive natural scenery , such as the Citlaltépetl Volcano (also known as Pico de Orizaba), the highest peak in the nation . You’ll also see picturesque cities and towns that have preserved their local architecture . Along the coast you can visit the Costa Esmeralda, a 50 kilometers (31 mi) beach strip north of the port, and the archaeological zone of El Tajin, which also was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Its capital is Xalapa, located in the central western part of the state. With more than 7 million inhabitants, the state of Veracruz is the third most populous in the nation, after the Federal District and the State of Mexico.
Spanish is the official and heavily dominant language in Veracruz. Nahuatl is still spoken and common use in some towns and zones like Zongolica, Papantla, Mixtequilla and Huayacocotla. There are minor areas of Italian speakers near Huatusco and Tuxtlas, where Venetto is common use and there are a very few Greek speakers in towns near Rinconada, the "gitanos" (Gypsy). As well on the region of the low San Rafael , the French is predominant, due to the settle of the remaining Maximilian of Hapsburg troops that were allowed to stay, after they were defeated, on the fall of the second empire in the XIX century. Also needs to be mentioned: Catalan, Basque, Gaelic, and more Spaniard dialects that were brought and kept by their descendants. Although some people know essentials of English , mainly in commerces or touristic zones of big cities, locals never use it to communicate.
Summary(Õpi pähe)
This article is about Veracruz.Text by Michael Parfit and photogtaphs by Stuart Franklin.The Municipal Palace in Veracruz, heart of the state of the same name and one of the busiest ports in Mexico.In 1519 Hernan Cartes droppen an anchor to Veracruz,opening a portal for trade. Rich in oil, seafood harvests and cultures drawn from distant lands.Veracruz is also a world of back road vitures, where traditions reigns.One man have said:,,All that is good in Mexico starts from Veracruz” Also in that article has same interview with local people.One store owner Felipe Romeo says:,,Its’s a nice town,peaceful,clean and secure, but there’s nothing much for the kids to do once they finish school.Nothing but raising sugarcane,beans and bananas.If they want something else,they have to leave”.For summary we can say that Veracruz is very nice place , but there isn’t life the best
*Kui vaja siis prindin välja ;)
* Spanish is the official and heavily dominant language in Veracruz-igax juhux õpi sellised textid kaa ära, sest ta võib juurde küsida.
Väljendid(kaa pähe x[ )

Pull of - hakkama saama

Keep searching for sth - edasi otsima

Pull out - välja tõmbama

Working class - töölisklass

Easily attained - kergelt saadud

Get off from the hook - kergelt pääsema

Loaden with sth - laetud millegagi

As far as - kuni

Be able to restore - olema suutlik midagi taastama

Rack up - koguma

Be adopted - kohanema

Set out - ette võtma

Be able to move - liikumisvõimeline

One of the biggest islands - üks suurimaid saari

Take up - käsile võtma

In a couple - mõne

Grocery store - toidupood

Occasional round of dancing - juhuslik tantsuring

Economic crisis – majanduslik kriis

Reduce to essentials - põhilisele taandama
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