Health topic (0)

Topic
Health
Introduction
Good health is very important for us. We should do everything we can to stay healthy. Being in good health means having our body and mind in good working order , free from disease and pain.
Ways of keeping health
There are many ways for keeping health. To stay healthy we should eat right foot, dress comfortably, spend much time in fresh air, have enough rest , keep ourselves clean and have regular checkups with the doctor and the dentist .
A big part of prevention of diseseases is sporting. Poeple need to have phsical exercise . If they can not have it, they will get stressed and they will be infected with dieseases much easier . For example it would be good to run every day for some time. That way one probably will not become fat, he or she will get fresh air and rest from daily problems. There are many other health- sports also. Many people go swimming . During winter people go skiing. Some people also do aerobics. People go to gym as well.
Our body needs rest too. The best way of resting is sleeping. Grown -ups need to sleep for about 8 hours , growing children need more sleep. If we don’t sleep enough, we may fall ill beacuse a tired body cannot resist illnesses.
Our health also depends on the clothes we wear. In winter, when it is cold , we should wear warm clothes. Then our clothes keep in the body’s heat and in summer they should let it escape . Loose clothing is better than tight clothing beacause it allows the wearer to move about more easily and does not interfere with the circulation of the blood .
Being clean is also very important. We feel and look better if we are clean. A person should have a shower a day to keep himself clean. Keeping oneself clean includes brushing our teeth.
What we eat also affects our health. Our body needs vitamins and minerals, fats, proteins and carbohydrates. Our food should be varied. It is not healty to eat too much sweets. When we eat more food and get more calories than our body uses, we get fat. It is also good for our health to drink a few glasses of fresh water every day.
To prevent diseases we should also have regular check -ups with the doctor and the dentist.
History
Human beings have suffered from diseases since they first appeared on Earth. Because of that medicines history is as old as human beings, meaning about 2.5 million years . First medicine was mainly based on superstition and guesswork, because people knew very little about humans body. Plants were very much used, because they were easy to get and they could treat very well.
Still the origin of healing dates back to the birth of first civilisations. About 3000 B.C. the Egyptians began making some important process in medicine. The Egyptian god of healing Imhotep was actually one of the first physician of the world. At 2500 B.C. Egyptian physicians started to specialize. Some of them specialized in internal diseases, some of them treated the diseases of eyes and teeth. Also Egyptians produced first medical textbooks.
Chinese developed a medical practice , which is based on balance between two life forces yin and yang. To restore the balance chinese developed acupuncture - inserting needles into ones body.
Medicine and elements of medical care
Medicine is the science of healing, but at the same time it is art of healing. It is a science, because it is based on knowledge , which is gained through careful study and experimentation. It is an art because a very large part of it depends on how skillfully doctors apply this knowledge when they are dealing with patients. The goal of medicine is to save lives . Also medicine relieves suffering.
Medical care consists of three main elements: the diagnosis, treatment of disease and the promotion of health and prevention of disease.
Diagnosis is required for every health problem. To identify the diseas or damage the doctors use tools and apparatures, ask the patients questions about their condition and past illnesses.According to that treatment is done .
People usually do not need treatment in case of minor illnesses and injuries . In more serious cases a doctor may prescribe drugs, surgery or other treatment. In case of surgery, a patient must go to hospital where they recieve round-the- clock care from doctors, nurses and other skilled workers .
Prevention and promotion can be done in many different ways. Doctors can vaccinate people against diseases, they can advise people to have healthy diets and to get enough rest and exercise. Also regular checkups can help to prevent diseseas in their early stages.
Doctors
Doctors have detailed knowledge of the human body and are specially trained in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease. Doctors who provide medical care can be divided into two main categories: general practitioners and specialists . General practitioners provide primary medical care only. But they treat a wide variety of ailments. They provide care for every member of the family, regardless of the age .
Specialists specialize in a certain field of medicine.
Doctors could not do their job without the help of many skilled professionals. Nurses work closely with doctors in the clinics , hospitals and medical centres. Nurses also provide many services to patients independent of the doctors. Various kinds of therapists give special treatment as ordered by the doctor. Other skilled workers serve clinics, medical laboratories, X-ray departments and operating theatres .
Diseases
There are many different diseases in the world. Some have been stamped out, others have improved and come back. New diseases have also developed, such as AIDS, stress , diabetes etc. These diseases are called the diseases of the 20th century .
Today many diseases are well known and can be cured. Such diseases are flu, pneumonia , measles and many others.
Coughs and cold are common diseases in winter. They can easily be cured if you rest and make medicine properly. But if you don’t cure them well, they might turn into a worse disease. Cold, for example, can develop into sinusitis (põsekoopapõletik), cough into pneumonia(kopsupõletik) or asthma.
Besides falling ill with one of these diseases you may hurt yourself in many other ways. You may sprain your ankle , break your leg or cut your finger. If you cut your finger you must stop the bleeding by putting a handage on it. In serous cases of accidents you must ring for an ambulance.
Some diseases are infectious. For example infectious diseases are most common children’s diseases such as measles, mumps , scarlet fever and chicken pox. Some diseases can be vaccinated against.
Not all diseases are infectious. A very widely spread present -day trouble is allergy. It means that people are over- sensitive to certain things.
Many people suffer from heart diseases. It is not rare that a person has a heart attack or a stroke . Another very serious problem is cancer . It is in many caces not cureable.
Hospitals and clinics
The word hospital comes from the Latin word hospitals, which means a house of guests. The first hospitals were set up by Buddhists as early as the 200’s B.C. in india. For hundreds of years hospitals took care of people who were poor or too sick to be treated at home. The oldest hospital still in existence is in Paris .
Today there are thousands of hospitals all over the world. Some of them are for special purposes but usually one big hospital simply has separate sections for patients with different needs. Many hospitals have intensive care units, which use electronic motoring devices to keep constant watch over seriously ill patients.
Clinics provide medical care for people who are not hospitalized. Some clinics are part of a hospital. There are certain types of specialized clinics, such as those that diagnose and treat diabetes, psychiatric disorders, cancer or venereal diseases.
Nursing homes accept patients who need round-the-clock care but do not need to be hospitalised.
Conclusion
Health plays a very important role in peoples lives. We have to be heatlthy to have a quality life. When we are healthy we will live long. Health is something people should reckon with. I think that the easiest way to stay healthy is to eat healthy food.
An apple a day keeps the doctor away !