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London History (0)

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LONDON HISTORY
PERIOD
EVENTS
PEOPLE
The Celtic period (400 BC – AD 43)
Name: Celtic words (Llyn (a lake) + Dun (a fort or strong place ) )
Not important
The Roman occupation (AD 43 - AD 410)
Londinium – not important politically. An important trading centre .
Devastation – AD 61. Rebuilt. Roman walls built in AD 200.
Boadicea – a revolt against the Roman conquest
Anglo – Saxons (AD 400 – 1066)
Destroyed the Roman towns. Many kingdoms. London in ruins .
Flourishing. Attacks by Vikings .
London began to develope
King Egbert – one kingdom England (the 9th century )
King Albert the Great – London is the capital Edward the ConfessorWestminster Abbey and royal palace. 2 parts: Westminster and the City..
The Normans (1066 – the 14th century)
William the Conqueror – the White Tower. Charter . Courts.
Son William Rufus – Westminster Palace and Westminster Hall.
The 14th century – a turbulent period
1337Hundred Years War against France
1348 – the Black Death , a quarter of the British people died
The Tudor era (1485 – 1603 )
Breach with the papacy
The formation of the Anglican church
Henry Tudor – end to the Wars of the Roses (1455-1488)
Henry VIII - 1534 – the Act of Supremacy – made the crown the spiritual head of the nation
The Elizabethan period (1558-1603)- A golden age
Fourfold growth in London population
Timber buildings
Stuart dynasty
The Civil War
Execution of Charles I - 1649
Puritan Republic (1653-60)
Charles II took the throne –1660
The Great Plague and the Great Fire (1665- 1666 )
Oliver Cromwell
Sir Christopher Wren – St. Paul’s Cathedral
The Georgian era (1714-1830)
The premier city of the Western World
The Bank of England – 1694
John Nash – an architect
Victorian era ( 1837 -1901)
London became the Metropolis it is today
The Houses of Parliament – 1834
Development of industry and public transport
The Second World War (1939-1945)
Devastating effect but London remains a centre for fashion , culture and artistic achievement .
1. In ex. 2 at page 19 you have to read and translate the words from the text and divide them into 4 groups according to their word- stress .
I – swamp, Celtic, devastate, province, fort, hostile, reign , flourish, mighty, grant, charter, citizen, secular, turbulent, costly, claim , breach, fourfold, filth , era.
II – inhabitant, basilica, defence, withdraw, invade , decisive, accession, succeed, disaster , erect, achievement.
III – occupation, influential, execution, restoration.
IV – ecclesiastical.
  • In ex. 3 at page 20 you had to find some information about those famous people.
    Alfred the Great (reigned 871-899) – Saxon king, a learned man, chose London to be the capital of the country .
    Edward the Confessor (1042-1066)– a weak English king, more interested in ecclesiastical matters, founded Westminster Abbey, wanted to unificate Britain.
    William the Conqueror (1066-1087) – Duke of Normandy, became William I in 1066, built the White Tower, separated the secular from ecclesiastic courts.
    Henry VIII (1509-1547) – encouraged learning, allowed the Bible to be printed in English; had 6 wives, broke away from the Roman Catholic church and founded the Anglican church. Made the crown the spiritual head of the nation.
    Elizabeth I (1558-1603) – daughter of Henry VIII, a very strong woman, Catholics were attacked, Protestants looked on favourably; Mary , Queen of Scots was executed, the Spanish Armada was defeated, England became very powerful ; she never married and the Tudor dynasty died with her.
    James VI of Scotland (1603-1625) – son of Mary, Queen of Scots, became king after Elizabeth’s death, united the two crowns, creating the title “King of Great Britain”; survived the Gunpowder Plot of 5th November, 1605, when the Roman Catholics tried to blow up the Houses of Parliament.
    Charles I (1625-1649) – a king of England, Scotland and Ireland , in conflict with Parliament, was beheaded during the English Civil War.
    George III ( 1760 -1820) – his stubbornness led to the American War of Independence; Napoleon was defeated at Waterloo, witnessed the Industrial Revolution.
    Queen Victoria (1837-1901) – her reign saw a great expansion of national wealth, industrial advancement, an expansion of the British empire, an increase in the popularity of the monarchy. Her husband Prince Albert, the marriages of their 9 children connected them with many royal families in Europe.
    Sir Christopher Wren (1632-1723) – became a leading figure in the rebuilding of London after the Great Fire of 1666, building in total 52 new churches, including St, Paul`s Cathedral.
    John Nash (1752-1835) – a famous architect and town planner during the Georgian era.
  • In ex. 4 at page 20 the task was to remember the dates from London history.
    Roman invasion – AD 43, Anglo-Saxon invasion – around AD 400, Danish invasion – 9th century, Norman invasion – 1066, Hundred Years` War – 1337-1453, the Wars of the Roses – 1455-1488, the Elizabethan period – 1558-1603, the Puritan Republic – 1653-1658, the Georgian era – 1714-1830, the Victorian era – 1837-1901, the Second World War – 1939-1945, the Great Fire of London – 1666, the Great Plague – 1665, the Roman walls were built – AD 200, Westminster Abbey was started – before 1065, the White Tower – after 1066, Westminster Palace was built – 1097-1099, the Houses of Parliament – 1840-1865, St. Paul`s Cathedral – 1675 -1710.
  • London History #1 London History #2 London History #3
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