Schotland (0)

Scotlan
History
The history of Scotland begins around 10,000 years ago, when humans first began to inhabit Scotland after the end of the Devensian glaciation, the last ice age. Of the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age civilization that existed in the country , many artifacts remain, but few written records were left behind .People lived in Scotland for at least 8,500 years before recorded history dealt with Britain . The written history of Scotland largely begins with the arrival of the Roman Empire in Britain, when the Romans occupied what is now England and Wales , administering it as a Roman province called Britannia . To the north was territory not governed by the Romans — Caledonia, by name. Its people were the Picts. From a classical historical viewpoint Scotland seemed a peripheral country, slow to gain advances filtering out from the Mediterranean fount of civilisation, but as knowledge of the past increases it has become apparent that some developments were earlier and more advanced than previously thought , and that the seaways were very important to Scottish history
Loch
In Scotland, the word "loch" is used to describe any large, enclosed expanse of water ( such as Loch Katrine, illustrated above ), including areas coming in from the sea ( equivalent to the Norwegian "fjiords").
Tartan
Tartan is a woven material,generally of wool, having stripes of different colours and varying in breadth.Tartan is a pattern consisting of criss-crossed horizontal and vertical bands in multiple colours. Tartans originated in woven cloth, but are now used in many other materials. Tartan is particularly associated with Celtic countries, especially Scotland.
Culture
Scottish music is a significant aspect of the nation 's culture, with both traditional and modern influences. An example of a traditional Scottish instrument is the Great Highland Bagpipe, a wind instrument consisting of three drones and a melody pipe (called the chanter ), which are fed continuously by a reservoir of air in a bag.Scottish literature includes text written in English , Scottish Gaelic, Scots , French , and Latin . The poet and songwriter Robert Burns wrote in the Scots language , although much of his writing is also in English and in a " light " Scots dialect which is more accessible to a wider audience. Sport is an important element in Scottish culture, with the country hosting many of its own national sporting competitions, and enjoying independent representation at many international sporting events such as the FIFA World Cup, the Cricket World Cup and the Commonwealth Games (although not the Olympic Games).
Law
Scotland retains Scots Law, its own unique legal system, based on Roman law, which combines features of both civil law and common law. The terms of union with England specified the retention of separate systems. The barristers being called advocates, and the judges of the high court for civil cases are also the judges for the high court for criminal cases. Scots Law differs from England's common law system.
National symbols
The Flag of Scotland, known as the Saltire or St. Andrew's Cross , dates (at least in legend) from the 9th century , and is thus the oldest national flag still in use. The Saltire now also forms part of the design of the Union Flag. There are numerous other symbols and symbolic artefacts, both official and unofficial, including the thistle, the nation's floral emblem , the 1320 statement of political independence the Declaration of Arbroath, the textile pattern tartan that often signifies a particular Scottish clan, and the Lion Rampant flag. Flower of Scotland is popularly held to be the National Anthem of Scotland, and is played at events such as football or rugby matches involving the Scotland national team . However , since devolution, more serious discussion of the issue has led to this being disputed.
Language
Historically, Scottish people have spoken many different languages and dialects. The Pictish language, Norse, Norman-French and Brythonic languages have been spoken by descendants of Scottish people. However, none of these are in use today . The remaining three major languages of the Scottish people are English, Lowland Scots (various dialects) and Gaelic. Of these three, English is the most common form as a first language.
People
The Scottish people (Scottish Gaelic: Albannaich (plural)) are a nationHYPERLINK \l "_note-3"[6] and an ethnic group indigenous to Scotland. As an ethnic group, they are a composition of groups such as the Picts, Gaels, Brythons, Angles, and Norse.
In modern use, "Scottish people" or "Scots" refers to anyone born or living in Scotland. In a wider sense , it can also apply to people who are descended from the ethnic Scots and who identify as Scottish.