The present continuous (0)

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The present continuous
We use the present continuous to talk about:

Something which is happening at the moment of speaking.
I’m reading the Grammar referance page.

Something which is happening around now but not necessarily at the moment of speaking.
I’m reading a lot of detective novels these days.

A changing situation.
Computers are getting faster and faster.

Something which happens often and annoys us.
My boss is always asking me to stay late .
The present simple
We use the present simple to talk about:

A routine or a habit.
Jim always sets the alarm for 7.30.

Facts which stay the same for a long time.
I have a friend who lives in London. She works in a museum .

Something which is always true.
Ice melts when you heat it.
Verbs not normally used in the continuous form

Some verbs are not normally used in the coniuous. These verbs are often connected with our thoughts and the feelings . We use them to talk about thing which stay the same for a long time:
Like; dislike; hate; prefer; want; believe; know ; belong to; need; seem; feel
Do you like music? NOT Are you liking music?
I hate horror films . NOT I’m hating horror films.

Sometimes these verbs have two meanings and we can use the continuous form for one meaning .
My teacher feels I should have more speaking practice
Poor Sam. He’s feeling awful. He’s got a headache.
What do you think of our new course book?
You look worried. What are you thinking about?
I see what you mean .
Sorry. I can’t meet you tonight . I’m seeing a friend of mine.

Some verbs which are connected with our senses (sight, taste , hearing, etc.) are not normally used in the continuous:
Smell; hear ; taste; sound ; see.
Does this cheese smell bad to you? NOT Is this cheese smelling bad to you?
The past- narrative tenses
Past simple
We use the past simple:

To talk about a completed action in the past, often with a time reference .
Yesterday morning , the car broke down on the motorway.

To tell people about past events and to tell stories.
We unlocked the door quietly, went into the room and began to look for clues.

With the past continuous to talk about an action which interrupted another .
The bell rang while I was having dinner.
!!!Watch out!!!
We pronounce:

Regular past verb endings as /d/:
Remembered screamed

Verbs ending in ded or ted as /did/ or /tid/:
Landed started

verbs ending in ch, sh, x or ss as /t/
watched rushed fixed crossed
Past continuous
We use the past continuous:

to talk about an action which was going on at a particular time in the past.
At three o’ clock yesterday afternoon i was walking back home.

To ’set the scene ’ in a story.
It was snowing and the wind was blowing as I walked down the long, dark road .

With the past simple to talk about an action which was going on whe another action interrupted it.
I was riding my bike when the tyre burst.

to describe an action which continued for some time in the past.
I was studying Art in Italy when I met Mike .
Past perfect
We use the past perfect to talk about an action that happened before another action in the past.
When I woke up everyone had left .
Past simple or past perfect?

We use the past simple to tell the reader about a ’ chain ’ of events that took place in the past.
____ - __________ - ______________________ - ___ NOW
We got into the car, switched on the engine , and drove off.

We use the past simple and the past perfect together in a complex sentence. We use the past perfect to talk about the action which happened first , and the past simple to talk about the action which followed.
_____ - _________________________ - ___________NOW
Left behihd went back home
I went back home because I’d left my money behind.
As, when, while

As can mean when, while, or because.
As (while) I was closing the door, the phone rang.
As (because) I had run out of petrol , I had to call the emergency services.

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The present continuous inglise keel

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Will + infinitive (will go) Am/is/are going to + infinitive (is going to rain) 1.A decision at the moment of 1.Future plans made before the speaking: moment of speaking: A: 'I'm cold'. A: 'We've run out of milk.' B: 'I'll close the window'. B: 'I know, I'm going to buy some.' 2.Prediction based on opinion: 2.Prediction based on present I think the Conservatives will win the evidence: next election. Look at those boys playing football! 3.A future fact: They're going to break the window. He will be ten next year. 4.Promises / requests / refusal / willingness: I'll help you with your homework. Will you give me a hand? 5.In the same way as the future continuous, but with state verbs: I'll be at the station when you arrive. 'Shall' is used mainly in the forms 'shall I

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on Christmas Day (but at Christmas) We use at in these expressions: at night - at Christmas - at the moment / at present - at the same time - at weekends - at the age of... IN DURING

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Inglise keele kordamine

TIME CLAUSES Present Simple · Permanent states, facts (Tom works..) · Repeated and habitual actions, routines (She usually goes..) · Laws of nature and general truths (The sun sets in the west) · Timetables and programmes · Sporting commentaries, rewiews (Beckham wins the ball, crosses and Owen scores) · Feelings and emotions (I love Tallinn..) TIME EXPRESSIONS USED WITH PRESENT SIMPLE: usually, often, always, every day/week etc, in the morning/evening etc, at night/the weekend, on Fridays etc. Present Continuous · Actions taking place at or arount the moment of speaking (The kids are watching TV..) · Fixed arrangements in the near future (I'm going to the dentist tomorrow) · Currently changing ang developing situations (The number of burgularies is increasing)

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Past Tenses

Used after "It's time" (even though we're talking about now) It's time we talked about the past (now). After "I'd rather" (even though we're talking about now) I'd rather you drove (now). (But "I'd rather drive" if talking about yourself) After "I wish" (even though we're talking about now) I wish I had a million dollars (now). After "If only" (even talking though we're talking about now= If only I had an apple (now). Past Continuous Used to say that somebody was in the middle of doing something at a certain time in the past. At 10:30 yesterday, I was preparing lessons. What were you doing at 6:30? Often used with Past Simple to show a continuing action interrupted by a sudden action in the past. I was studying when the phone rang. (Remember: there are some verbs that have no continuous know, believe, heat, etc.) Present Perfect Simple

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Chpt 12 Verb Tenses

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Passive

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