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Otto August Strandman (0)

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Inglise keel - Kõik luuletused, mis on inglise keeles
Otto August Strandman
Otto August Strandman was an Estonian politican, who served as State Elder of Estonia in 1929 and Prime Minister in 1919. He was one of the leaders of the centre - left of Estonian Labour Party .
Strandman was born on 30 November, 1875 in the village of Vandu . Vandu is pretty close to Kadrina . Vandu is situated in Undla Parish, Viru County. His father was Hans Strandman, who was a schoolteacher in Undla Parish, Neeruti Mansion. He had also one brother Andres and one sister Anna. Otto was his third child . Hans was a very good father, because first education got Otto by father. In 1886 , he went to the municipal school of Rakvere and in 1888 to Emperor Alexander State High School in Tallinn, later High School in Saint Petersburg. In 1896, he graduated as an extern in the Estonian Governorate High School of Tallinn. In 1907, Otto married to Lydia Hindrikson. Their first two childrens , daughter Hella and son Hans died early . Daughter was 4 and son was 3 years old, but their second daughter Lydia died in 1966 after the war. Lydia Hindrikson died on 29 July 1934.
Otto worked as a lawyer in Tallinn and Narva, he got a lot of population and he was therefore elected to a member of Tallinn city council from 1904 to 1905. He was also active in Estonian national organizations and became and activist on self- government reform. In 1905 Revolution , Otto was forced to flee abroad and then he lived in many European countries, like Switzerland. He returned to Estonia in 1090 and worked as an attorney, defending participants of the Revolution. In 1917, Otto served as the Chairman of the Estonian Provincial Assembly by Jüri Vilms, who was the leader of the Provincial Assembly.
Jüri Vilms was executed and Otto took over as acting Minister of Court, he became leader of the Radical Socialist Party, they changed this name later to Estonian Labour Party. In 1919 Otto Strandman became the first Prime Minister of the country on 8 May 1919 and also he became the Minister of War. Otto Strandman made the suggestion to name the new Estonian currency “kroon” after Scandinavian countries. From 1927 to 1929, he was a diplomat, serving as an envoy in Warsaw , when he made contacts with Polish politicians. In August 1930, Strandman hosted president Mošicki in Estonia. During the Soviet occupation in 1941, Strandman was ordered to show up to the NKVD (People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs) headquarters In conclusion , he had been in many parliaments like Estonian Provincial Assembly, Estonian Constituent Assembly, I parliament , II parliament, III parliament, IV parliament and V parliament.
In 1936 he supported Juhan Kukk, Ants Piip , Jaan Teemant and Jaan Tõnisson, who signed a memorandum addressed to Prime Minister in duties of the State Elder Konstantin Päts. In 1938 Otto became a judge at the Permanent Court of International Justice in the Hague. In 1939, Strandman went back to Estonia and returned to his home in Kadrina. He wasn’t active in politics anymore. Strandman achieved a formal notice to arrive in NKVD, but he knew his fate and decided to shoot himself . He shooted himself in his home in Kadrina on 5 February 1941 and he was buried to Tallinn Sisekalmistu cemetery.
He was also active in cultural activities . Otto was in the board of “Estonia” society, Tallinn Savings and Loans Society. He received honorary decorates from the University of Tartu in 1928 and Warsaw University in 1930. All honours and awards , that had been given to him, he did not accept . He got five awards: Cross of Liberty III/I, Order of the Estonian Red Cross III, Order of the Estonian Red Cross II/II, Order of the Estonian Red Cross I/II and Order of the Cross of the Eagle I.
New words :
Therefore elected- seetõttu valiti
Judge- kohtunik
Fate- saatus
Execute- hukkama
Centre-left- vasaktsentristlik
Municipal school- linnakool
Emperor- keiser
Extern- isik, kes sooritab eksameid õppeasutuses, ilma et oleks seal õppinud
Flee abroad- põgenema välismaale
Attorney- advokaat , jurist
Chairman- eesistuja
Envoy- saadik
Memorandum- meelespea
Cemetery- kalmistu
Questions :
  • How he was related with Estonian currency? (Võeti tema ettepanekul Eesti rahaühiku nimetusena kasutusele kroon)
  • Which political parties he were? ( Radikaalne Sotsialistlik Partei, Eesti Tööerakond ja Rahvuslik Keskerakond )
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