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Cernobyl Disaster (0)

5 VÄGA HEA
Punktid

Chernobyl 
disaster
Outline
• What  happened ?
• Elimination of the  consequences
• The Exclusion Zone
•  Conclusion
• Quiz
•  Reference  list
What happened?
• The Chernobyl disaster was a 
catastrophic  nuclear   accident  that 
occurred on 26 April 1986 at the 
Chernobyl Nuclear  Power   Plant  in 
Ukraine  (then officially the Ukrainian 
SSR). An explosion and  fire  released 
large quantities of radioactive 
particles into the atmosphere, which 
spread  over much of the  western  
USSR and  Europe .
• The Chernobyl disaster was the worst 
nuclear power plant accident in 
history in  terms  of  cost  and 
casualties, and is one of only two 
classified as a level 7 event (the 
maximum  classification) on the 
International Nuclear Event Scale 
(the  other  being the  Fukushima  
Daiichi nuclear disaster in 2011). 
• The  battle  to contain the 
contamination and avert a greater 
catastrophe ultimately involved over 
500,000  workers  and cost an 
estimated 18  billion  rubles (18 billion 
$USD) .  During  the accident itself, 31 
people died, and long-term  effects  
such  as cancers and deformities are 
still  being accounted for.
• The  Soviet   government  also cut down and 
buried  about a  square  mile of  pine   forest   near  
the plant to reduce radioactive contamination 
at and near the site. Chernobyl’s three other 
reactors were subsequently restarted but all 
eventually shut down for  good , with the last 
reactor  closing  in 1999. The Soviet nuclear 
power authorities presented their initial 
accident  report  to an International Atomic  
Energy  Agency  meeting in  Vienna , Austria, in 
August 1986.
Elimination of the 
consequences
• Emergency crews responding to the accident 
used helicopters to pour  sand  and boron on 
the reactor debris. The sand was to stop the 
fire and additional releases of radioactive 
material; the boron was to  prevent  additional 
nuclear reactions. A few weeks after the 
accident, the crews completely covered the 
damaged unit in a temporary concrete 
structure, called the “sarcophagus,” to limit 
further  release of radioactive material.
• After the accident, officials closed off the area 
within 30 kilometers (18  miles ) of the plant, 
except for persons with  official  business at 
the plant and those people evaluating and 
dealing with the consequences of the 
accident and  operating  the undamaged 
reactors. The Soviet (and  later  on, Russian) 
government evacuated about 115,000 people 
from the most heavily contaminated areas in 
1986, and  another  220,000 people in 
subsequent  years .
The Exclusion Zone
• An area originally extending 30 
kilometers (19 mi) in all directions 
from the plant is officially called the 
"zone of alienation". It is largely 
uninhabited, except for about 300 
residents who have refused to leave. 
The area has largely reverted to 
forest, and has been overrun by 
wildlife  because of a  lack  of 
competition with humans for  space  
and resources. 
•  Even   today , radiation levels are so 
high that the workers responsible for 
rebuilding the sarcophagus are only 
allowed to  work   five   hours  a day for 
one  month  before  taking  15 days of 
rest . Ukrainian officials estimate the 
area will not be  safe  for human life 
again  for another 20,000 years.
• In 2011 Ukraine opened up the 
sealed zone  around  the Chernobyl 
reactor to tourists who  wish  to learn 
more about the tragedy that 
occurred in 1986.
Conclusion
•  Chernobyl nuclear disaster must have 
been caused by human factors using of 
such a  dangerous  power as  atom  nuclear 
energy. 
• If  there  had been better if factors including 
serious  violations of  safety  operations, 
dangerous design flaws, and imperfect 
control systems is what led to the virtually 
instantaneous catastrophic  increase  of 
thermal power which led to  core  meltdown.
Quiz
• The Chernobyl disaster was a 
catastrophic nuclear accident 
that occurred on 26 April …
• 1969
• 1986
• 1989
• An area originally extending … 
kilometres 
• 25
• 35
• 30
Reference list
• 1. Chernobyl disaster. Available at: 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_disaster 
(Accessed: 4.11.2014)
• 2. Chernobyl then and now: 28 haunting images 
from nuclear disaster April 26, 2014 14:36. 
Available at:   http://rt.com/news/155072-chernobyl -
images-now-then/ (Accessed: 4.11.2014)
• 3. Backgrounder on Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant 
Accident. Available at:    http://www.nrc.gov/reading -
rm/doc-collections/fact-sheets/chernobyl-bg.html 
(Accessed: 4.11.2014)
Thank for your attention!

Document Outline

  • Slide 1
  • Outline
  • What happened?
  • Slide 4
  • Slide 5
  • Slide 6
  • Elimination of the consequences
  • Slide 8
  • The Exclusion Zone
  • Slide 10
  • Slide 11
  • Conclusion
  • Quiz
  • Slide 14
  • Reference list
  • Thank for your attention!
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