Ventilation and is presumably connected with overstress Content of oxygen in air of organism’s adaption mechanisms. Air ionization Building occupants complain of symptoms Heat exchange between associated with acute discomfort, e.g., the environment and human headache; eye, nose, or throat irritation; dry cough; dry or itchy skin; dizziness and nausea; difficulty in concentrating; fatigue; and sensitivity to odors.
Minute Ventilation (VE) and Exercise · Average: 35 45 breaths/min during strenuous exercise, Athletes 60 70 breaths per minute. · Tidal volume (TV) increase from 0.5L to 3L. · V E can rise up to 90 150L per minute. · Some studies have even shown VE to rise above 200L per minute Minute Ventilation (VE) · QUESTION: · Two people have an identical VE. · Does the same amount of oxygen necessarily reach the alveoli? VE, Alveolar Ventilation & Acute Exercise · Volume inspired per breath = 500ml · Breaths per minute = 10 · Dead space = 150ml · Minute volume (VE) = volume/breath x breaths/minute = 500ml x 10 = 5 L/min · TASK: HOW MUCH AIR WILL REACH THE ALVEOLI? · Alveolar ventilation = (inspired vol dead space) x breaths/min = 350ml x 10 = 3.5L/min VE, Alveolar Ventilation & Acute Exercise · Volume inspired per breath = 1000ml
redwood/redwood-dawn/dawnredwoodbark.jpg Kiirus ilma müeliinita rakkudes 1 m/s Müeliiniga rakkudes 100 m/s Näited tekkivatest häiretest Müeliinkesta õhenemise ja hävimise tagajärjel võivad tekkida: Nägemishäired Refleksi- ja liikumishäired Aistingulised häired Tujumuutused Urineerimishäired Mäluhäired Demüeliniseerivate häirete päritolu 1. Allergilised Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis Acute disseminated encephalomyelopathy Acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelopathy Experimental allergic neuritis Guillian-Barre syndome (tõenäoline) 2. Teadmata päritolu Multiple sclerosis Devic's disease 3. Infektsiooniline päritolu (aeglased viirusinfektsioonid) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy Visna (lammastel) Näited humaanmeditsiinist Polüskleroos Immuunrakkude rünnak müeliinile Muutused KNS-i valgeaines Optiline neuriit
chloranil. Potassium permanganate in neutral solution oxidizes it to nitrobenzene, in alkaline solution to azobenzene, ammonia and oxalic acid, in acid solution to aniline black. Hypochlorous acid gives 4-aminophenol and para-amino diphenylamine. Oxidation with persulfate affords a variety of polyanilines compounds. These polymers exhibit rich redox and acid-base properties. 5. Toxicity data on chemical a) General toxicity · Acute toxicity after single administration The average lethal inhalation dose for humans is reported to be 25 mg/l air or 0.35- 1.43 g/kg bodyweight. With respect to methaemoglobin formation the no-effect dose of aniline in adult human is about 0.2 mg/kg bodyweight. In animal experiments the acute toxicity of aniline shows significant species differences, with cats being much more sensitive than conventional laboratory animals.
revealed the following: Neighborhood satisfaction could be predicted from multiple stressors and resources that co-occur independently, while more general health symptoms were related only to perceived air pollution (Honold et al, 2013) The effects of environmental burdens may be implicit · Exposure to uncontrollable stimuli produces deficits in task performance linked to learned helplessness. Many of these stimuli are environmental stressors. Both acute and chronic exposure to noise, crowding, traffic congestion, and pollution are capable of causing learned helplessness in adults and children. Pre-exposure to brief, acute environmental stressors that are uncontrollable produces learned helplessness wherein participants manifest difficulties in learning a new task because of their mistaken belief that they are incapable of influencing their environment. · Another index of learned helplessness, less persistence in the face of
and look forward. v The eyesight of a Polar bear appears to be similar to humans. v Polar bears have a protective membrane over their eyes that may help shield the eyes from ultraviolet light. v Polar bears have excellent underwater vision as they can flatten their lens, very much like us wearing goggles. v They can hold their breath for two minutes and dive to depths of around 3 metres. Smell v They're such a unique animal. For instance, their sense of smell is acute, and it's the most important sense for detecting prey. v Polar bears have the ability to smell their prey more than 32 kilometres away, so when our Polar bears are looking for their food, you'll notice they point their nose to the sky to find the different scents. v The nose is broad and black, their sense of smell is acute, and it is the most important sense for detecting prey. Hear v The fur-covered ears are small and
The Chernobyl accident in 1986 was the result of a flawed reactor design that was operated with inadequately trained personnel. The resulting steam explosion and fires released at least 5% of the radioactive reactor core into the atmosphere and downwind. Two Chernobyl plant workers died on the night of the accident, and a further 28 people died within a few weeks as a result of acute radiation poisoning. The April 1986 disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the Ukraine was the product of a flawed Soviet reactor design coupled with serious mistakes made by the plant operators. It was a direct consequence of Cold War isolation and the resulting lack of any safety culture. The accident destroyed the Chernobyl 4 reactor, killing 30 operators and firemen within three months and several further deaths later. Acute radiation syndrome was originally
Rhino Made by: Gert Metsküla 7.a Introduction 5 extant (alles jäänud) species Two in Africa and three in southern Asia large size herbivorous diet thick protective skin relatively small brains (400600g) large horn acute hearing and sense of smell, but poor eyesight Most live to be about 60 years old or more. White Rhinoceros Exceed 3500 kg head-and-body length of 3.5-4.6 m height of 180-200 cm White Rhinoceros was about 4600 kg White Rhinos is about 14,500 Black Rhinoceros Live in south-Africa Black Rhinoceros stands 150 175 cm weighs from 850 to 1600 exceptionally to 1820 kg Two horns are made of keratin what is 50 cm long exceptionally up to 140 cm Indian Rhinoceros
slump. There's mentioned that at the moment government can only offer a healthy lunch for 20% of the pupils in Scotland. 3. This topic is interesting because now I can compare my school lunch with Scottish meals. Here we have it for free until the end of the primary school. It's also interesting to read how are they handling with this economic crisis. 4. reluctance vastumeelsus, magnetiline takistus provision säte, lepingutingimus acute, akuutne, terav 5. Do you like our school lunches? What do you think about the economic crisis? How would you feel if we ought to pay for the lunch in our school? Anu Ristissaar 10R
Medical plants in the Republic of Korea 1998 Natural Products Research Institute NIMI Forestry I KUUpÄEV Tartu aasta Achyranthes japonica (Miq.) Nakai Japanese chaff flower · Used parts are roots · Oedema, rheumatism, contraceptive emmenagogue,abortifacient · Height:50-100cm · Thick roots · Sticky seeds Tartu 2012 Aconitum koreanum Korean monk's hood · Rhizomes are used for : Treating chilled legs and arms Articular pain · Height:70 cm · Width: 1-2 cm · Toxic Tartu 2012 Acorus calamus var. angustatus Sweet flag, myrtle flag, calamus · Rhizomes are used for: Stomach ache Gastric diseases Neuralgia Otitis media · Height: 70 cm · It have been widely used Tartu 2012 Agastache rugosa Wrinkled giant hyssop · Its herbs are used for treating: Acute gas...
their memory and high intelligence. Once numbering in the millions, the African elephant population has dwindled to between 470,000 and 690,000 individuals because of people hunting them for their tusks. The elephant is now a protected species worldwide, also the hunting and trading of ivory has been banned to protect them. The Rhinoceros, often colloquially abbreviated rhino, lives in Africa. They eat grass and plants. Rhinoceros also have acute hearing and sense of smell, but poor eyesight. However, they are hunted for their horns. To protect them, the selling of rhino horns has been banned and their areas are guarded.
B-hepatiit Kristin Kaskema B-hepatiit Teine viirustüüp Kahjustab maksa Peiteperiood kuni aasta Võib muutuda eluagseks krooniliseks maksahaiguseks (mida noorem, seda suurem tõenäosus) Diagnoositakse vereanalüüsi põhjal, kroonilist biopsiaga ka viiruslik maksapõletik; kollatõbi Hepatitis viralis (lad.k.) Acute viral hepatitis (ingl.k.) Tunnused Isutus Iiveldus ja oksendamine Väsimus Liiges- ja lihasvalud Maksapõletiku korral: 1. nahk ja silmavalged kollaseks, 2. uriin muutub tumedaks 3. väljaheide heledaks, 4. võib tekkida kogu keha sügelus Salapärane nakatumine Otsese kontaktiga nakatunud verega Kehavedelikega 1. Sülg 2. Rinnapiim 3. Sperma 4. Tupevedelik . Sünnituse käigus Ravi
Grupp : kroonilist valu ei esine Nikolajsen L, Ilkjaer S, Krøner K, Christensen JH, Jensen TS The influence of preamputation pain on postamputation stump and phantom pain Pain. 1997 Sep;72(3):393-405. Amputatsioonieelne valu süvendab tunduvalt fantoomvalu ja köndi valu intensiivsust, suurendab nende esinemissagedust Hanley MA, Jensen MP, Smith DG et al. Preamputation pain and acute pain predict chronic pain after lower extremity amputation. J Pain 2007; 8: 102109 Amputatsioonieelne valu on amputatsioonijärgse kroonilise valu riskifaktoriks Mida tugevam on valu enne, või kohe peale amputatsiooni, seda kõrgem on kroonilise valu tekkimise tõenäosus Birbaumer N et al. Effects of regional anesthesia on phantom limb pain are mirrored in changes in cortical reorganization.
by sea, the kingdom held close links in the south and east with the Baltic countries, and through Ireland with France and the continent of Europe. Following the Acts of Union which united Scotland with England into the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the subsequent Scottish Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution, Scotland became one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Its industrial decline following the Second World War was particularly acute, but in recent decades the country has enjoyed something of a cultural and economic renaissance, fuelled in part by a resurgent financial services sector, the proceeds of North Sea oil and gas, and latterly a devolved parliament.
Kui polioviirus on end juba soolestikus sisse seadnud, siseneb see vereringesse ning tungib kesknärvisüsteemi, levides mööda närvikiudusid edasi. Paljunedes hävitab viirus närvirakke, mis aktiveerivad lihaseid. Neid närvirakke ei saa taastada ning mõjutatud lihased ei funktsioneeri enam. Jalalihased on mõjutatud tihemini kui käelihased. Jäse muutub lodevaks ja elutuks seisund, mida nimetatakse teravaks lotendavaks paralüüsiks (ingl. k. acute flaccid paralysis). Kõige raskematel juhtudel (bulbaarne polio) ründab polioviirus aju varre mootorneuroneid, vähendades hingamisvõimet ning põhjustades raskusi neelamise ja rääkimisega. Ilma respiratoorse toeta võib bulbaarne polio lõppeda surmaga. Kasutatud kirjandus: http://www.polioeradication.org/disease.asp http://www.hot.ee/ematehnik/Hinfo/lastehalvatus.html
· Abnormality- ebanormaalsus · Covert- varjatud · Abrasion- hõõrumisjälg, kulumine · cross bit-kivipuur · Absolute value- absoluutväärtus · Database-andmebaas · Abstain-hoiduma · dependable-usaldusvrne · accomplish -saavutama · Domestic- kodumaine · Accumulate- koguma · Epicure- epikuurlane · Acrimonious- vihane, kibestunud · Erupt- vallanduma · Acute angle- teravnurk · ethical-eetiline · Advantage-eelis · Evaporate-aurustuma · Advent- saabumine · Extracellular- rakuväline · Agenda-pevakord · Feedback-tagasiside · akin- sugulane · Fertile-viljakas · Aldehyde- aldehüüd · flank-külg · Alongside- kõrvuti · Flaw- viga, puudus
Asoteemia Jääklämmastik Lämmastikku sisaldavate ainete (uurea, kusihape, indikaan, kreatiniin) liigsus veres, plasmas, seerumis Sisaldus suureneb: Maksahaiguste, palaviku puhul Vedeliku ja elektrolüütide kaotuse tagajärjel (iiveldus, diarröa, higistamine, ulatuslik põletus) tekib kudede dehüdratsioon ning kudedes intensiivistuvad laguprotsessid Neeruhaigused, tõus 2 10 korda retensiooni hüperasoteemia Kudede mehaaniline kahjustus produktsiooni hüperasoteemia Jääklämmastiku sisalduse suurenemine põhjustab autointoksikatsiooni e. ureemiat e. kusiveresust Põhjused Prerenaalne asoteemia Lämmastikjääkide suurenenud produktsioon (suurenenud katabolism kudedes - infektsioon, trauma, põletus, kortikosteroidide ülejääk) Vähenenud neerude perfusioon (madal vererõhk) Südame haigused, sokk Verejooks seedetraktis Proteiinirikas dieet Postrenaalne asoteemia Kuset...
KOLLATÕBE Viirushepatiit ehk kollatõbi on maksapõletik, mida tekitavad maksarakkudes paljunevad viirused. Praegu tuntakse viit tüüpi hepatiiti: A, B, C, D ja E. Kõige sagedamini esineb B- ja C- hepatiiti, mille levik narkomaanide seas teeb tõsist muret. Suur oht nakatuda on ka meditsiini- ja päästetöötajatel, hepatiidihaigete seksuaalpartneritel, perekonnaliikmetel ja mängukaaslastel. Üldiselt paraneb maksapõletik hästi, vahel muutub aga haigus krooniliseks. A-hepatiidi viirus võib saada kuumtöötlemata toidu söömisel, saastunud veest või sellest jää valmistamisel. B- ja C- hepatiiti saadakse viirusega saastunud verest nt. sugulisel teel, tatoveerides. Parim kaitse A- ja B- hepatiidi vastu on vaktsineerimine. B- hepatiidi vastu vaktsineerimine on samaaegselt ka maksavähi ennetus. Pikaajaliste kaitse tagamiseks on vajalik ettenähtud perioodil 2 (A hepatiit) või 3 (B ja A+B hepatiit) vaktsiiniannuse ...
The high reduction of formaldehyde with continuous addition is indicative of biodegradation, since the combination of volatilization, adsorption, and chemical transformation should account for less than 25% of the removal. Up to 80% of the formaldehyde was removed, with biodegradation accounting for 5560%. Sediment and Soil The fate of formaldehyde in soil has not been determined HEALTH EFFECTS Acute toxicity The major acute effects are a result of the irritating properties of formaldehyde. After acute inhalation, irritation of the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs, as well as cellular changes, such as ciliar lesions and cellular swelling in the upper respiratory tract have been observed. A 4-hour LC50 value of 480 ppm has been determined for rats. The oral LD50 was 600-800 mg/kg b.w. in rats. In humans, no reports of deaths following acute inhalation exposure to formaldehyde were located.
Marion Soomre 10.b What is addiction? The term "addiction" is used in many contexts to describe an obsession, compulsion, or excessive physical depence or psychological dependence, such as: drug addiction, video games, crime, alcoholism, compulsive overeating, problem gambling, computer addiction, pornography, etc. Drug addiction Drug addiction is widely considered a pathological state. The disorder of addiction involves the progression of acute drug use to the development of drug-seeking behavior, the vulnerability to relapse, and the decreased, slowed ability to respond to naturally rewarding stimuli. Video game addiction Video game addiction, or more broadly video game overuse, is excessive or compulsive use of computer and video games that interferes with daily life. Instances have been reported in which users play compulsively, isolating themselves from, or from
Why youngsters have to suffer because of lausy drivers? School children have been in great danger since there have been cars but it has grown throught time because of the big number of drivers. The more there are people, the more there are drivers, the more are cars and the biggers is the possibility of accidents. Road traffic crashes are one of the world's largest public health and injury prevention problems. The problem is all the more acute because the victims are overwhelmingly healthy prior to their crashes. According to the World Health Organization more than a million people are killed on the world's roads each year. There have been courses for drivers but it appears that only decent persons took apart. The thing that the goverment can do is to make sure that every school area gets as much as needed speed limit signs, warnings and thresholds what won't let a driver to urge on.
It can also have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions depending on concentration (Rhoades & Pflanzer, 1989). Most of these physiological effects prepare the body for hostile conditions. Cells of the immune system respond to stress or injury in many of ways (Benoy & Heels, 1998; Mayer & Watkins, 1998; Brines et al, 1996). They secrete a number of cytokines (signalling protein) such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) which is a pro- inflammatory cytokine that mediates the acute phase response to stress. The cytokine IL-6 is also involved in the regulation of the immune system. It is a sensitive immune response marker for stress in laboratory settings and there is now evidence that psychological stressors and hostile behaviour may increase the production of IL-6 (Maes et.al 1998, Morita et al., 2005, Marsland et al 2008). Elliot and Eisdorfer (1982) distinguished two important dimensions in psychological stressors - duration and course (e.g
previously resigned himself to a life of empty lectures and booze. Rita's character is a breath of fresh air for Bryant and he begins to care about someone, or something for that matter, for the first time since his wife left him. As each begins to wake up to life in their own way, the story comes to a close as an inspiring tale of self discovery and of the power choice that comes through education. In my opinion was Rita very freewheeling and acute oservations, and - let's be honest - by Rita herself, Frank also feels a deep sadness as he watches her warm impulsive reactions being replaced by the sort of cold analytical approach he so much loathes in other students and colleagues. Rita has a coal and she knews what she want next from world. I think that Frank was a little bit alccohol-lover and I do not like that he drank when he works. In this film ,,Educating Rita" I remeber that the best part of that was when Rita`s husband
Esimene rühm 1. Name the processes of population that have an economic importance. 2. What is demographic transition and what influences it? 3. Speak about demographic explosion. 4. What is demographic crisis? 5. Speak about the course of demographic transition up to 1950s. 6. Speak about full employment in the NORTH. 7. What is natural increase? 8. Why is the rapid increase of population so acute problem? 9. Name the factors that influence death rate. 10. What are the main reasons for death in the developing world? 11. Analyse a population pyramid (what stage was in 2000?). Vastused 1. 1. Demographic transition, 2. Changes that take place in education and full employment, 3. Migration, 4. Urbanization, 5. Etno-cultural process. 2. This is a theory according to which all societies start with traditional alternation (vaheldus) of generations
ÄGE LÜMFOIDNE LEUKEEMIA Äge lümfoidne leukeemia (ÄLL) on kiirest progresseeruv pahaloomuline kasvajaline haigus (nn. verevähk), mis haarab rakkude arengureas lõpuni arenemata ebaküpseid rakkude noorvorme. Need mitteküpsed rakud e. blastid hakkavad kontrollimatult paljunema ega suuda täita küpsetele rakkudele omast funktsiooni. Enamasti levivad leukeemilised rakud ka mujale organismi. Tegu on harvaesineva haigusega, haigestumus on 1–2 esmasjuhtu 100 000 elaniku kohta aastas. Äge lümfoidne leukeemia tekib sagedamini esimese 10 eluaasta jooksul, kuid haigestumise sagedus suureneb vanuse kasvades üle 50 eluaasta. ÄLL on koos ajukasvajatega üks sagedamini lapseeas esinevaid pahaloomulisi kasvajaid. Meestel ja poisslastel esineb leukeemiat sagedamini. Laste ÄLLi puhul on tervistumise võimalus 75%. Vanus halvendab selgelt prognoosi. Täiskasvanute tervistumise võimalus on mõnevõrra väiksem, kuid seegi on viimastel aastatel paranenud ja on nüü...
I was published a topic in Facebook. The theme was "How to survive in Estonia. Guide for foreigner". Analyzing the answers I see the stratification of society, where one side is set extremely negative, but I am glad that there are positive opinions about living in Estonia. But everything in order: The first group of people are inclined to say that in Estonia is difficult even for local people and what to say about those who come from abroad. The problem is particularly acute elderly (old people). Their pensions are small, wherefore they are often forced to work. When people say about government, they responds terms like "corruption" and "incompetence". It is sad to state the fact that the percentage of dissatisfied respondents is higher than the percentage of people who satisfied of their life. The second group of people are more positive. They like to live in Estonia. However, this people is too agreeable that "It is necessary to work and be able to survive
tasakaalustatud. 19 4. KASUTATUD KIRJANDUS Ackley, B. J., Ladwig, G. B., Makic, M. B. F. (2017). Nursing Diagnosis Handbook, Eleventh Edition. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier. Alparslan, G. B., Akdemir, N. (2010). Effects of Walking and Relaxation Exercises on Controlling Hypertension. Journal of the Australian Traditional-Medicine. 16(1): 9-14. Claassens, T. (2017). Nursing a patient with acute pain. Kai Tiaki Nursing New Zealand. 23(7): 15-39. Costa, R. d. S., Nogueira, L. T. (2008). Family support in the control of hypertension. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem. 16(5): 871-876. Eesti Haigekassa. (2012). Täiskasvanute kõrgvererõhktõve käsitlus esmatasandil. Eesti ravijuhend. https://www.ravijuhend.ee/tervishoiuvarav/juhendid/15/taiskasvanute-korgvererohktove- kasitlus-esmatasandil (10.03.2018). Herdman, T. H., Kamitsuru, S. (toim.) (2014)
ESMAABI ISESEISEV TÖÖ 1. Mis on Euroopa Ravikindlustuskaart? Euroopa Liidu maades reisides on vaja et oleks kaasas Euroopa ravikindlustuskaart või selle asendussertifikaat. . Euroopa ravikindlustuskaart annab õiguse vajaminevale arstiabile Euroopa Liidu territooriumil ja Euroopa Majanduspiirkonnas viibimise ajal. Euroopa Liidu ravikindlustuskaarti või selle asendussertifikaati ei tohi kasutada, kui inimesel puudub ravikindlustus. 2. Kes võivad taotleda ravikindlustuskaarti? Kas ka Sinul on selleks õigus? Euroopa ravikindlustuskaarti saab taotleda vähemalt 15-aastane inimene, kellel on pass või ID-kaart. Lapsele saab kaarti taotleda kuni 19. eluaastani ka lapsevanem või esindaja. Sündinud laps tuleb vanematel haigekassas arvele võtta ja vajadusel saab taotleda lapsele kohe Euroopa ravikindlustuskaarti. Jah ka minul on selleks õigus. 3. Kust ja kuidas saab taotleda Euroopa Ravikindlustuskaarti? Euroopa ravikindlustuskaarti ja sell...
Fair Play ehk Ausa Mängu reeglid. Aus Mäng on kutsutud ellu, et suurendada teadlikkust spordieetika vajadusest. Ausa Mängu rõhutatud printsiibid on: • reeglitest lugu pidamine, • kohtunikest ja nende otsustest lugu pidamine, • vastastest lugu pidamine, • anda igaühele võrdne võimalus osaleda, • säilitada enesevalitsemine. Sportlik vaimsus Spordivõistlustel väljendub sportlik vaimsus mitte reeglite järgimises või rikkumises vaid võistlejate suhtumises konkurentidesse mitte kui vaenlastesse vaid kui sõbralikesse rivaalidesse. Võidule pürgimine peab käima käsikäes kaasvõistlejate austamise ja sõprusega. Eestlastest Olümpiavõitjad Olümpia sümboolika Olümpiasümbol koosneb viiest omavahel põimunud rõngast (olümpiarõngast), mis sümboliseerib viie maailmajao ühtsust; olümpiarõnga värvid on sinine, kollane, must, roheline ja punane. Valge põhjaga plagu, mille keskel asub olümpiasümbol, moodustab olümpialipu...
sisaldus organismis. Hingamise sageduse kiirenemisega seoses suureneb ka vedelikukaotus välja hingatava õhu kaudu. Energiakulu tõuseb kuni 6000 kcal'ni päevas. Piiratud hapnikutarbimise tingimustes on soovitav süüa vähem rasvast, kuna rasva põletamiseks kulub rohkem hapnikku ja rohkem süsivesikuid. Samas ei tohi unustada ka valke, mille omastamine väldib lihaste taandarengut. Mägihaigus (AMS - Acute Mountain Sickness) Tavaline mägihaigus on aklimatiseerumata organismi vastureaktsioon kõrgusest tingitud keskkonnamuutustele. Liikudes suuremale kõrgusele aklimatiseerub keha vähenevale hapniku kogusele - tekib hüpoksia (hypoxia). Protsess algab umbes 2500 meetri kõrguselt, aklimatiseerumine nõuab aega ning liigkiire tõusupuhul kõrgemale tekivad vastunäidustused. Tavaliselt ei ole soovitav võtta päevas korraga rohkem kõrgust kui 700-800 meetrit. Seejärel
2009). Figure 7. Worldwide vegetable oil use (FAS, 2012). Margit Tepner k0848752 It has been estimated that if they EU is to achieve its targets, than a majority of the oil for biodiesel needs to be imported (Rosillo-Calle et al. 2009). Producing biodiesel is projected to compete with the food market as the demand for edible oil has also increased over the years. There is also a concern for the sustainability of tropical crops, such as palm oil, which cultivation has already caused acute deforestation in the recent decades (Soetaert, Vandamme, 2009). IEA (2009) has concluded that prolonged dependence on fossil fuels will increase the risk of deforestation, especially in Indonesia. UNEP (2009) predicts that 2/3 of palm oil cultivation is based on rainforests territory and that rainforest would be reduced by 29%, compared to 2005 levels, if the current trends and demands for biofuels continue. Figure 8. Worldwide vegetable oil production 1975-2007 (FAS, 2012).
Stress What is stress? Physiologists define stress as how the body reacts to a stressor, real or imagined, a stimulus (erguti) that causes stress. Acute (terav) stressors affect an organism in the short term; chronic stressors over the longer term. The term stress was first employed in a biological context by the endocrinologist Hans Selye in the 1930s The effects of stress: Alarm is the first stage. When the threat or stressor is identified or realized, the body's stress response is a state of alarm. During this stage adrenaline will be produced in order to bring about the fight-or-flight response (võitle või põgene)
and their interactions with them. Many readers - including myself - have reported at least temporary increase in acuteness of recognition of omission or application of principles of good design; at least, for a time, we start questioning the surrounding world as to why it is the way it is - was there a deliberate thought on the part of the designer put into this or that detail and if it has served the object well or failed. Regardless of how long the state of acute perception lasts, the book serves its readers well, as a regulation to transfer the blame at least, as an accumulation of knowledge on basic principles of good design, at best.
HAAVA ja haavandi hindamine. TTK Jelena Shefer 2013 Haava hindamise komponendid. Haavaga patsiendi hindamine algab anamneesi kogumise ja haiguskulu tundmaõppimisega. Täielik haava hindamine kätkeb endas nii patsiendi seisundi kui ka haava hindamist. Saadud andmete analüüsimisel võib välja tuua faktorid, mis mõjutavad haiguskulgu ja haava paranemist. Klassifitseerides haava paranemise mõjutegureid võime sageli jõuda järeldusele, et haava paranemist takistavaid faktoreid on märksa rohkem kui paranemist soodustavaid faktoreid. Nii mõjutavad haava paranemist haava/haavandi põhjus asukoht haava paranemisperiood kliinilised sümptoomid ravivõimalused vastavate ressursside olemasulu ja missugused on ravijate teadmised ja oskused. Patsiendi ja haava hindamisel on oluline pöörata tähelepanu järgmistele andmetele. Haige vanus. Reeglina par...
They can be denied access to even the most basic assistance: clothing closets, food pantries, certain public benefits, and in some cases, emergency shelters. Obtaining replacement identification is difficult. Without an address, birth certificates cannot be mailed. Fees may be cost-prohibitive for impoverished persons. And some states will not issue birth certificates unless the person has photo identification, creating a Catch-22. This problem is far less acute in countries which provide free-at-use health care, such as the UK, where hospitals are open-access day and night, and make no charges for treatment. In the US, free-care clinics, especially for the homeless do exist in major cities, but they are usually over-burdened with patients. The conditions affecting the homeless are somewhat specialized and have opened a new area of medicine tailored to this population. Skin conditions and
-Alcohol-related liver disorders -Cancer of the liver But there are three types of diseases of the liver you can get from alcohol: - Fatty Liver -Alcoholic Hepatitis -Alcoholic Cirrhosis Fatty liver this is the most common alcoholic-related liver disorder, causing enlargment of the liver, abdominal discomfort and sometimes temporary jaundice and liver malfunction. Abinence from alcohol can bring complete reversal and cure without leaving residual cirrhosis. Alcoholic hepatitis is an acute illness often characterized by nausea, vomiting,abdominal pain, fever, jaundice, enlarged and tender liver, and an elevation of the white blood cell count. Sometimes alcoholic hepatitis may be present without symptoms. Once it develops, it progresses to cirrhosis if alcohol comsumption continnues. Alcoholic cirrhosis is permanent scar tissue, called cirrhosis, forms when the liver cells are damaged by alcohol or drugs. Continued use of alcohol will cause additional scarring
aevastama under one year old, expressed as the number out of every 70. stillbirth n - a birth in which the baby is born dead: For 1000 babies born alive in a year, vastsündinute suremus women who've had previous miscarriages, abortions or 45. intake n - the amount of food, drink etc that you take into stillbirths, anxiety can be particularly acute. your body: Try to reduce your intake of fat. surnultsündimine 46. invigorating adj - [in'vigreitin] making you feel healthy and 71. stroke n - if someone has a stroke, an artery (=tube carrying giving you a lot of energy: an invigorating swim before blood) in their brain suddenly bursts or becomes breakfast. kosutav blocked, so that they may die or be unable to use some 47
tuleb ravimi kasutamine lõpetada. Immuuntrombotsütopeenia raviks kasutatakse kortikosteroide. (Braunwald 2006: 126). 13 KASUTATUD KIRJANDUS Beers MH., Berow R. (2005). The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy. USA. Braunwald, E., Isselbacher, k.J., Wilson , J.D. (2006). Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. Mcgraw-Hill; 14th edition. Bryant, R. (2016). Acute & Chronic Wounds: Current Management Concepts. Elsevier eBook on VitalSource, 5th Edition. Crosta, P. (2017) What you should know about dehydration? Medical News Today https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/153363.php (29.11.2018). Eesti Neeruhaigete Liit. (2009). http://www.neer.ee/moodul.php?moodul=CMS&Komponent=NewsFront&f=viewNews&id5 (27.11.2018). Garber, J. S., Slonim, A. D., Gross, M. (2010). Avoiding Common Nursing Errors. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Herdman, T., Kamitsuru S
Kasutatud materjalid 1. Hepatitis C: Diagnosis and Treatment THAD WILKINS, MD; JENNIFER K. MALCOLM, DO; DIMPLE RAINA, MD; and ROBERT R. SCHADE, MD Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia https://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/0601/p1351.pdf (01.05.2018) 2. RAVIMITEAVE RAVIMIAMETILT, Kroonilise C-hepatiidi ravi, Madli Pintson, Vadim Brjalin https://www.ravimiamet.ee/sites/default/files/ea1504lk236-241.pdf (03.05.2018) 3. Acute hepatitis C: prevention and treatment, Resat Ozaras, Veysel Tahan https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1586/eri.09.8?journalCode=ierz20 (02.05.2018) 4. Hepatitis B virus reactivation during direct-acting antiviral therapy for hepatitis C: a systematic review and meta-analysis Marcus M Mücke, MD, Lisa I Backus, MD, Victoria T Mücke, MD et.al https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langas/article/PIIS2468- 1253(18)30002-5/fulltext (03.05.2018) 5
residents at risk of falling between gaps in the service. facilitated integration. The focus is on improving clinical, By focusing on Mrs Smith, care has been reorganised satisfaction and efficiency outcomes (Leutz, 1999). and better integrated around needs such as hers. The result of integration includes a reduction in delayed The patient perspective provided the foundation for transfers of care in acute hospitals, improved social services' restructuring services. Supply-driven models of care ratings and enhanced access to intermediate care services. provision are now out-of-date. The result is local health For Torbay this not only means improved outcomes, but and social care provision that is flexible, personalised also integrated care. and seamless. 8 What is integrated care? Connecting integrated care and integration
orphan girl. Shirley, published in 1849 a social novel, set in Yorkshire in the period 1811-1812, during the industrial depression resulting from the Napoleonic wars amd the War 1812, set against backdrop of the Luddite uprisings in the Yorkshire textile industry. Villette, published 1853 after an unspecified family disaster, protagonist Lucy Snowe travels to the fictional city of Villette to teach at an all-girls school where she is unwilligly pulled into both adventure and romance, acute tracing of Lucy's psychology, use of Gothic doubling to represent externally what her protagonist ise suffering internally. The Professor, written before Jane Eyre, rejected by many publishing houses, published 1857, story of a young man(William Crimsworth), describes his maturation, his loves, and his eventual career as a Professor at an all-girl's school. The story is based upon Charlotte Brontë's experiences in Brussels where se studied as a language student in 1842.
Today the best of South African wine is up there with the rest, while in the "easy-drinking" category no one beats us. History has a way with wine and the Cape's wine culture, which goes back 350 years, is one that reflects the country's sad colonial and apartheid past, but also shines with the potential and expectation of the modern wine world. From that long history comes a wine tradition of tastes and styles with its roots in the classic "Old World" of France, Germany and Italy, but also an acute awareness of the contemporary consumer, as has been defined by wine-making in the "New World" of California and Australia. It has often been said that South African wine is in the unique position of both those wonderful worlds. It offers marketing possibilities that can be harnessed for the challenges of the new global economy. It can offer the wine-drinking world all kinds of new flavour experiences. It can also show the way to handle such sensitive issues
Moraxella bovis has ability to produce hemolysin and it is essential virulence factor of bacteria. Nonhemolytic strains are not so capable to cause IBK. The source of hemolytic isolates can be recovered when there is enough UV radiation (Brown et al., 1998). Clinical signs The clinical occurrence, stability of infection, animal condition and rate of progression of the disease will be different from individual to individual (Postma et al., 2007). The disease usually is acute and tends to spread rapidly in all species, specially Hereford or Hereford- crossbred cattle are more sensitive to the disease (Angelos, 2015). Earliest references of the disease are involuntary tight closure of the eyelids also known as blepharospasm, extreme sensitivity to light (photophobia) and copious watery ocular discharge, what soon becomes purulent. There also may be present abnormally large amount of blood in conjunctiva besides edematous and blepharitis may be present
held close links in the south and east with the Baltic countries, and through Ireland with France and the continent of Europe. Following the Acts of Union which united Scotland with England into the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the subsequent Scottish Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution, Scotland became one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Its industrial decline following the Second World War was particularly acute, but in recent decades the country has enjoyed something of a cultural and economic renaissance, fuelled in part by a resurgent financial services sector, the proceeds of North Sea oil and gas, and latterly a devolved parliament. Scotland during the Roman Empire ! Scotland during the Roman Empire encompasses a period of time that is both part of genuine history and of protohistory. It is complicated by the fact that although the Roman Empire influenced every part of Scotland
, Asser, T. (2004). Dementne inimene- koormus ühiskonnale. Eesti Arst, 83 (4), 256-261. Linnamägi, Ü., Braschinsky, M., Saks, K., Võrk, E., Lääts, T. (2008). Käsiraamat Õendushoolduse osutamise nõuded. (2007). Eesti Haigekassa, Eesti Gerontoloogia ja Geriaatria Assotsiatsion, Hooldusravi Osutajate Ühendus, Eesti Õdede Liit. http://www.legeartis.ee/failid/File/Hooldusravi%20tegevusjuhend_10.07.2007.pdf (03.09.10). McCloskey, R. M. (2004). Caring for Patients With Dementia in the Acute Care Environment. Geriatric Nursing, 25 (3), 139-144. Woods, B., Thorgrimsen, L., Spector, A., Royan, L., Orrell, M. (2006). Improved quality of life and cognitive stimulation therapy in dementia. Aging & Mental Health, 10(3), 219-226. 14
TALLINNA ÜLIKOOL Kasvatusteaduste Instituut Õpetajahariduse osakond AASIA RIIKIDES OHUSTATAVAD NAKKUSHAIGUSED Referaat Juhendaja: Tallinn 2012 SISUKORD SISSEJUHATUS.........................................................................................................................3 POLIOMÜELIIT EHK LASTEHALVATUS..............................................................................4 Etioloogia................................................................................................................................4 Sümptomid..............................................................................................................................5 LINNUGRIPP H5N1......................................................................
mentioned climatic changes, combined with heedless deforestation and noxious industrial emissions will not only affect animal life by changing important habitats but will also contribute to soil erosion and leaching. Thus, crop yields are expected to continue to drop in coming decades, resulting in widespread famine. Moreover, many regions will face dwindling water supplies as the result of shrinking glaciers and snowpack, evaporation, and the infiltration of salt water. Acute food and water shortages will presumably bring about manifold health problems. To summarise the situation, having no visible manifestation, global warming has been affecting the earth for quite a while now; the effects of climate change, while not immediate, are potentially catastrophic. I would describe global warming as `an environmental time bomb ticking away.' Dear Sir/Madam,
Lucas, B. (2005). Treatment opinions for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. British Journal of Nursing. Vol: 14(18): 976-981 McConnell JD. Benign prostatic hyperplasia: Hormonal treatment. Urol Clin N Am 1995;22:387400. Nickel JC, Roehrborn CG, O'Leary MP, et al. The relationship between prostate inflammation and lower urinary tract symptoms: examination of baseline data from the REDUCE trial. Eur Urol 2008;54:137984. Roehrborn CG, Kaplan SA, Noble WD, et al. The impact of acute or chronic inflammation in baseline biopsy on the risk of clinical progression of BPE: results from the MTOPS study. In: Proceedings from the annual meeting of the American Urological Association; May 2125, 2005; San Antonio, TX. Sakr WA, Grignon DJ, Crissman JD, et al. High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and prostatic adenocarcinoma between the ages of 20-69: an autopsy study of 249 cases. In Vivo 1994;8:43943 Toker, S., David J., Morgan J., Mogran H
mängimine, kihlveod ja spordiennustused. Enamus noori ei ole suuri summasid hasartmängude alla pannud. Suurema osa vastanute kaotused on jäänud alla 10 euro piiresse. Nii on ka võitudega, suurema osa vastanute suurim võidusumma on jäänud alla 10 euro piiresse. Et noored suuri summasid ei kaotaks tuleks nende vanematel taskuraha jagamist piirama. SUMMARY The topic of this research project is ,,Gambling and Its Popularity Among Young People". The problem is very acute as nowadays there are more and more places for gambling. People often think that gambling is a way to make easily money. Young people cannot feel the thin line between innocent playing and addiction. Gambling gets out of control easily. To collect the necessary data, a questionnaire was conducted among pupils of the 10 th and 12th grade from Kuristiku Gymnasium. Students had to give an answer to 7 questions. Those questions were
Exercise and ambulation. In: Smith SF, Duell DJ, Martin BC, Aebersold M, Gonzalez L, eds. Clinical Nursing Skills: Basic to Advanced Skills. 9th ed. New York, NY: Pearson; 2017:chap 13. Smith SF, Duell DJ, Martin BC, Aebersold M, Gonzalez L. Perioperative care. In: Smith SF, Duell DJ, Martin BC, Aebersold M, Gonzalez L, eds. Clinical Nursing Skills: Basic to Advanced Skills. 9th ed. New York, NY: Pearson; 2017:chap 26. Elsa Wuhrman, MS, FNP; Maureen F. Cooney, DNP, FNP. Acute Pain: Assessment and Treatment. Medscape; January 3, 2011. J.R. Balentine, DO, FACEP. Constipation in Adults. Medscape; August 31, 2017. Lane BR, Canter DJ, Rini BI, Uzzo RG. Cancer of the Kidney. In: Devita VT Jr, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA, eds. DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Principles and Practice of Oncology. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015. 865-84. Maria E Echevarria-Guanilo; Caroline L Ciofi-Silva; Silvia R Canini; Jayme A Farina Jr; Lidia A Rossi
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