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3M: AN AMERICAN STAR IN EUROPE (0)

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  • Kuidas on sellise mittelubava taustaga ettevõte olnud nii edukas?
3M: AN AMERICAN STAR IN EUROPE
3M: Ameerika täht Euroopas
TIM HINDLE
To stay on top the company must
export its virtues to Europe .
TIM HINDLE
3M on parim kehastus ettevõtlikus Ameerikas. Et jääda tippu peab ettevõte eksportima oma tugevusi Euroopasse.
Whenever lists of America's brightest and best are compiled 3M is guaranteed to feature.
Millal iganes luuakse nimekirju Ameerika säravamatest ja parimatest siis 3M-i esinemine on seal garanteeritud.
3M was born early this century as Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing . The mining soon ceased when the company's founders failed to dig up the corundum they had hoped to discover. So they turned to trading in sandpaper, a product that uses the abrasive corundum. From the beginning the company was forced to innovate or die.
3M sündis selle sajandi alguses kui Minnesota Kaevandamine ja Tootmine. Kaevandamine peatati peagi, kui ettevõtte asutajad ebaõnnestusid korundumi väljakaevamisel, mida nad olid lootnud leida. Seega nad pöördusid liivapaberi tootmisele, toode milles kasutatakse abrasiivset korundumit. Algusest peale oli ettevõte sunnitud uuenema või surema.
Today 3M's headquarters and many of its laboratories are in St Paul, Minnesota. Most of its customers are other industrial concerns . Its 60,000 products range from medical-imaging equipment to Scotch tape to abrasives for the car industry. With that unpromising background, how has the company been so successful?
Täna asub 3M-i peakorter ja paljud laboratooriumid St Pauli linnas Minnesota osariigis. Enamik tema kliente on teised tööstusettevõtted. Tema 60000 tootevalik algab meditsiinilistest-kuvaseadmetest, isoleerteibi ja autotööstuses kasutatavate liivapaberiteni välja. Kuidas on sellise mittelubava taustaga ettevõte olnud nii edukas?
Perpetual innovation Pidev innovatsioon
When asked to explain its own success , 3M begins with technological innovation.
Kui palusime selgitada tema enda edu, alustab 3M tehnoloogilise uuendamisega.
3M is among the 25 companies with the most patents in the world - 11 of the 25 are Japanese , 10 are American and only four are European. The company spends some 6.5% of its total sales on research and development , almost twice the American average. And that has increased from about 4.5% at the beginning of the 1980s. The increase - part of the response to the less sparkling performance in the mid-1980s - adds a not-Insignificant $200 million a year to the research budget.
3M on 25 kõige enam patente omava ettevõtte seas maailmas – 11 neist 25-st on Jaapani, 10 ameerika ja ainult 4 Euroopast. Ettevõte kulutab oma 6,5% kogumüügist uurimisele ja arendusele, peaaegu topelt ameerika keskmisest. Ja see on tõusnud 4,5%-lt 1980-ndate aastate algusest. Kasv – osa vastusest vähemsäravale tulemusele 80- nendate keskel – lisas mitte-ebaolulise 200$ miljonit aastas uuringute eelarvesse.
European action Tegevus euroopas
3M sees its future as lying increasingly outside the United States . Europe accounts for some 30% of the company’s worldwide sales and one- quarter of its employees. That puts 3M among the 300 largest companies in Europe.
3M näeb oma tulevikku kasvavalt laiumas väljaspool Ameerika Ühendriike. Euroopa vastab oma 30% ettevõtte ülemaailmsest müügist ja ühele neljandikule töötajaskonnast. See viib 3M-i 300 suurima ettevõtte hulka Euroopas.
The company has had subsidiaries in the region for almost 40 years and now has 17 different companies on the continent and 14 major R&D centres . Since 1984 a number of European Management Action Teams (EMATs) have been set up under the direction of Joe Warren , 3M's Brussels - based vice- president in charge of Europe.
Ettevõttel on olnud regioonis tütarettevõtteid juba pea 40 aastat ja nüüd 17 erinevat ettevõtet ja mandril ning 14 peamist tegevus ja arenduskeskust. Alates 1984-st loodi osa Euroopa juhtimis-tegevus üksuseid Joe Warren’i käe all, Brüsselis asuv 3M-i asepresident vastustab Euroopa eest.
Briefly , 3M worldwide is divided into four sectors: industrial and electronics (36% of sales); information and imaging technologies (28%): life sciences (22%); and commercial and consumer (14%). These four sectors are divided into 15 " strategic business centres" (SBCs) – for audio - visual products, abrasives, etc. - and each centre is responsible for three or four of the company's 50 operating divi­sions. The operating divisions are run like small businesses and 3M staff says that each has its own culture.
Lühidalt, ülemaailmne 3M on jaotatud nelja sektorisse: tööstus ja elektroonika (36% käibest), IT ja pildindustehnoloogia (28%), elu teadus (22%), kommerts ja tarbija (14%).
Need neli sektorit on jagatud 15-sse erinevasse ärikeskusesse – audio-visuaal tooted, abrasiivid jne. ja iga keskus vastutab kolme või nelja ettevõtte tegevus osakkonna eest. Tegutsevaid üksusi juhitakse kui väikeettevõtteid ja 3M-i töötajad ütlevad, et igaühel neist on oma kultuur.
Global strategy is determined by the business centres in St Paul. European input comes via group directors (one for each business centre) based at 3M's in European headquarters in Brussels. In addition, the European organization has a number of product managers (most of them in Brussels) plus managing direc­tors in charge of each of the 17 European subsidiaries. These subsidiaries are run nationally, with a few exceptions - for example, the MD of Spain is also the MD of Portugal , and the MD of the UK is also MD of Ireland.
Globaalne strateegia määratakse St Pauli ärikeskuses. Euroopa osalus tuleb grupi juhatajate kaudu (üks igast ärikeskusest) baseerub 3M-i Brüsseli peakorteris. Lisaks sellele on Euroopa organisatsioonil hulgaliselt tootejuhte (enamik neist asub Brüsselis) pluss tegevjuhid igas 17. all ettevõttes. Neid tütarettevõtteid juhitakse riigisiseselt mõne erandiga. Nt. Hispaania tegevjuht on ka Portugali tegevjuht. Suurbritannia tegevjuht on ka Iirimaa tegevjuht.
Each of the 40-plus EMATs corresponds roughly to an operating division and has between eight and ten members drawn from different functions and different countries. Typically they meet every four to six weeks. In theory they have collective responsibility for achieving the company’s European goals ; in practice they spend much of their time discussing the launch of new products.
Iga 40-plus Euroopa juhtimis-tegevus keskusest vastab jämedalt tegevus üksusele ja seal on kaheksa kuni kümme liiget võetud erinevatest funktsioonidest ja erinevatest maadest. Tavapäraselt kohtuvad nad iga nelja kui kuue nädala tagant. Teoreetiliselt on neil kollektiivne vastutus ettevõtte Euroopa eesmärkide saavutamisel; praktikas kulutavad nad enamuse oma ajast uute toodete turule laskmisele.
Although 3M has only 150 Americans working for the company outside the United States ( even in the UK there are only six American employees), the lan­guage of the EMATs is English . Since these were the first formal means for more junior employees of different nation­alities to get together, the early discus­sions tended to be dominated by the fluent English-speakers: the British , the Dutch and the Irish . Now the company insists that a certain level of proficiency in English is a prerequisite for joining an EMAT, and team members are being trained to learn how to accommodate different cultures .
Kuigi 3M’il on väljaspool Ühendriike ainult 150 ameeriklast (isegi Ühinenud Kuningriikides on kõigest kuus ameeriklasest töötajat) on Euroopa juhtimis-tegevusüksuse keeleks inglise keel. Kuna need oli esmased võimalused koondamaks erinevatest rahvustest noorem töötajaid, domineerisid soravat inglise keelt kõnelevad britid, hollandlased ja iirlased . Nüüd ettevõte nõuab teatud professionaalsel tasemel inglise keelt ühinemiseks Euroopa juhtimis-tegevus üksusega. Ja meeskonna liikmeid on algusest peale treenitud kohanemist erinevates kultuurides.
The future depends on how well the company learnt to adopt to change . One of the greatest changes in its markets is occurring in Europe, and much hangs on the ability of the EMATs to come up with products that will meet the fast -shifting demands of 3M’s- European customers.
Tulevik sõltub kui hästi ettevõtte on õppinud muutustega kohanema . Üks suurimatest muudatustest turul leiab aset Euroopas ja palju sõltub Euroopa juhtimis-tegevus üksuste võimest luua uusi tooteid reageerimaks Euroopa klientide kiiresti muutuvale nõudlusele.
3M-AN AMERICAN STAR IN EUROPE #1 3M-AN AMERICAN STAR IN EUROPE #2 3M-AN AMERICAN STAR IN EUROPE #3 3M-AN AMERICAN STAR IN EUROPE #4
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