explanations. E. Roosaar 4/10/19 2 Introduction Food is a physical need. Consumed to provide nutritional support for the body. The right to food is a human right. E. Roosaar 4/10/19 3 Research question What makes the food market unique? What are the specific conditions for food economics? E. Roosaar 4/10/19 4 Uniqueness of food markets Natural conditions. Food sector's special conditions (distinctive conditions). Several special conditons are becoming less distinctive. One special condition can affect the other. Supply and demand. E. Roosaar 4/10/19 5 Special conditions Can be divided into three categories: 1) biological and physical 2) structural conditions 3) market and economic conditions E
Vicksburg, Mississippi, at the Biedenharn Candy Company in 1891. On July 5th, 2005, it was revealed that Coca- Cola would resume operations in Iraq for the first time since the Arab League boycotted the company in 1968. Fields of activity In 1985 they made Coca-Cola Cherry In 2001 they made Coca-Cola with Lemon In 2006 they made Coca-Cola Blk In 2006 they made Coca-Cola Citra Markets/Development Foreign Markets Developments Subsidiaries New products Interesting information Consisted Cocaine Syrup My position taster Logo Thank you for listening
aastast. · Aprillis 2009, kui Lehman Brothers varise kokku, fond koliti üle ,,turvalise portfelli" reziimile, mis sisaldas nominaalseid ja inflatsiooniga seotud võlakirju ja kulda aktsiate asemel, arenevate turgude võlgasid ja kaupasid. Fond sisaldab 40% inflatsiooniga seotud võlakirjad, 30% riigikassa arved (bills), 20% riigikassa võlad (bonds), 10% kuld. Pure Alpha Major Markets fond · 2011 aastal tõi firma turule uue fondi nimega Pure Alpha Major Markets, mida juhib firma tegevdirektor Greg Jensen. 2011 suvel fond avati uute investorite grupile, kes sidusid end fondiga $7,5 miljardiga. Fondi eesmärk on sarnane tema originaalile, kuid ta taotleb suuremat likviidsust investeerides ainult suurematel turgudel. Kasutatud allikad · http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Dalio · http://www.marketfolly
MARKET Market system is an interrelated set of markets for goods, services and inputs. A market is defined as the interaction of all potential buyers and sellers of a good or class of goods that are close substitutes. · The markets provide information to agents that may be used to identify and evaluate alternative choices that might be used to achieve objectives. · Each agent acting in a market has incentives to react to the information provided. · Given the information and incentives, agents within markets can adjust to changes. The process of market adjustment can be visualized as changes in demand and/or supply. · Markets include all potential buyers and sellers
-enterprise who develops and markets telecommunication and information technology related services, solutions and environments. EMT was founded in 1991 as an Estonian- Swedish-Finnish joint company, on April 28 EMT started its operation. In June the first EMT 450 client was able to call with a mobile phone in Estonia. EMT develops and markets telecommunication and information technology related services, solutions and environments in Estonia and increasingly for export. EMT owns and operates telecommunications networks in the domestic Estonian market. Main brands are quality and clear communication. Main products are mobile phones, laptops, internet and some other electronical machines (photo and video cameras, MP3- players and so on)
For and against globalization. "One world, one language, one currency, one religion, one law, and equality" is the motto of globalization. To end globalization we must end as soon as possible all trading barriers that are between the different countries. We must send our products to all markets and make sure that all the markets are going to be affected. If all markets are connected with each other then they will start to compete and that removes inefficient producers. Furthermore it will rise the quality of products higher and reduces their cost. Secondly different products and technological progresses are going to spread faster all over the globe. It gives unlimited access for the poorer people all over the Word to get the cheapest source of desired goods and services.
8. the concern of physical distribution management- logistiline (transpordi) probleem 9. the function of this aspect of the channel- jaotuskanali selle aspekti funktsioon 10. chains of such intermediaries- selliste vahendajate ketid 11. the use of any intermediaries- igasuguste vahendajate kasutamine 12. some degree of loss of direct contact- otsese kontakti mõningane kadu 13. the costs of the contacts- kulutused kontaktidele MATCHING PRODUCTS AND MARKETS VOCABULARY: 1. solvency- maksevõimelisus, krediidivõime, solventsus 2. profitability- kasumlikkus, tasuvus, rentaablus 3. to run (an organisation)- juhtima 4. cost-effective- tulutoov, tulusus, rentaabel 5. cost-effectively- tulutoovalt 6. interdependent- vastastikku (üksteisest, teineteisest) sõltuv 7. product management- tootehaldus 8. knowing how=know-how- oskusteave, oskus, vilumus, tegelik teadmine 9. product range- tootevalik, tootestik 10
A) label B) badge C) notice D) mark h) Every Friday you can buy cheap vegetables in the c) All the small ......closed their shops in market ...... protest at the price rises. A) street B) place C) store D) sales A) shop assistants B) shoppers C) shopkeepers D) shop stewards i) I like street markets, because you shop in the open ...... d) We don't have the CD, I'm afraid. It's out A) prices B) sunshine C) bargains D) air of ...... A) order B) stock C) shelf D) sale j) I like your new car. What...... is it? A) brand B) make C)name D) label e) The street market was full of...... selling fruit and vegetables.
Product Advertising Diet Coca-Cola versus Diet Pepsi Coca-Cola® is a registered trademark of The Coca-Cola Company founded in 1886. Coca Cola markets itself as a classic drink what fits next to every meal and is suitable and enjoyable for everyone. Pepsi is Coca-Cola's biggest competitor (registered trademark of The PepsiCo) and the Company was founded in 1903. Pepsi markets itself as a rebel drink that is mainly for teenagers and often they refer to themselves as "a drink of the new- generation". Pepsi's Latest advertisement is with Sofia Vergara advertising the new Diet Pepsi slender can. That advertisement caused a lot of arguing and media attention because many people think that Sofia Vergara is made thinner using Photoshop. That is typical Pepsi advertisement because they are using a celebrity (Sofia Vergara) and appealing more to younger people
Mida kujutab endast MiFID? MiFID - Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (Finantsinstrumentide turgude direktiiv). MiFID on ühtlustatud investeerimisteenuste osutamist puudutav reeglistik Euroopa Liidus ja Euroopa Majanduspiirkonnas (27 ELi liikmesriiki ning 3 EFTA ehk Euroopa Vabakaubanduspiirkonna riiki: Island, Norra ja Liechtenstein). Eestis jõustusid direktiivist tulenevad nõuded väärtpaberituru seaduse muudatusega 19. novembril 2007. MiFID on rakendatav: * investeerimisettevõtetele
As both asian and European markets use the internet more and more to conduct business, there will be an increasing need for language choice for the different markets.English is so often used on the internet that it might make you think everyone in the world speaks English, or at least give you the impression that it is the worlds most widekyspoken language.If this were true, it would, off course, bring benefits for worldwide communication and understandig, thought it could also possibly become a threat to cultural diversity.English certainly seems to be everywhere, from films to pop music and TV, and from 15 business to science and other fields
Monopoly Market Power In pure competition sellers are "price takers." No seller (or buyer) has the ability to influence the market price. In most markets, at least one or more of the conditions required for pure competition are violated. This gives sellers or buyers the ability to influence the market price and allocation of resources Pure competition results in an optimal allocation or resources given the objective of an economic system to allocate resources to their highest valued uses or to allocate relative scarce resource to maximize the satisfaction of (unlimited) wants in a cultural context.
hold on to those resources for further investments on their behalf. The role of the financial manager Strategy To be able to carry on a business a Managers need to formulate and implement long company needs real assets. term plans to maximize shareholder wealth. To obtain these real assets corporations This means selecting markets and activities in which the firm, given its resources, has a sell financial claims to raise money; to competitive edge. lenders a bundle of rights are sold within a Managers need to distinguish between those loan contract, to shareholders rights over products or markets that generate value for the
Human factors Human factors ..................... fields ..................... farms and fields small / large/ sheep (................. on open moors) ..................... machinery ................. machinery more / less .................. capital ................. capital more /less ..........................markets ........................ markets near to / further from .................... transport ........................ transport good / limited .................... wages .................... wages higher / lower Therefore more suited to Therefore more suited to arable / pastoral ...................... farming ....................... farming
ent ent kteerija kteerija Abitolli Abitolli agent agent Joonis 5. AS NT Logistika organisatsiooni skeem Eestis 2008. aastal Allikas: juhataja Andress Mehkelson, NT Logistika VIIDATUD ALLIKATE LOETELU Eur/Usd Liikumine 2000 2009. aastatel Meta Trader 4 Admiral Markets AS. http://www.fxservice.com (08.12.2009) Majandus Transport Transpordi üldandmed http://www.stat.ee/34654 (08.12.2009) Statistika andmebaas: Rahvaloendus 2000 Laste arv naistel http://pub.stat.ee/px-web.2001/Dialog/varval.asp? ma=RL210&ti=NAISED+ELUKOHA%2C+S%DCNNITATUD+LASTE+ ARVU+JA+SEADUSLIKU+PEREKONNASEISU+J%C4RGI %2A&path=../Database/Rahvaloendus/07Laste_arv_naistel/&lang=2 (09.12.2009) Statistika andmebaas: Rahvastik Rahvastikunäitajad ja koosseis Rahvaarv ja
Was established in 1992 In Estonia worked since 2001 to 2004 as a TMarket From 2004 is working as a Maxima Eesti OÜ Over 420 shops Is a retail chain operating in 4 countries is the largest Lithuanian capital company and the largest employer in the Baltic States To become a retail leader To expand on other markets To relieve people's life in other countries Follow the principles of work Help costumer to find a product Change old prices to new ones
Tesco was established in 1924. The main quarters are located in Cheshunt, which is near to London, UK. Tesco`s chairman is John Gardiner. Tesco`s business activities are wide, it provides superstores and hypermarkets, personal finance, E-commerce and internet. Main markets are located in Europe such as UK, Ireland, Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. Tesco is also found in South-Korea and Thailand, plans for Malaysia and Taiwan. TESCO sales in 1999 were impressive 18,5bn pounds. Silver Mikiver 2009
numerous districts provide a shopper's paradise. Whether you are looking for London fashion, antiques, furniture or home accessories, rest assured that London will provide you with a huge choice. London has a lot to offer the shopper from large department stores to exclusive boutiques. There are many areas to go on shopping trips, such as Oxford Street, Covent Garden, and Knightsbridge. And, of course, London has many street markets to browse around. Oxford street two miles of wall to wall shops. the UK's busiest and most famous shopping area. There are over 300 shops to choose from. Apart perhaps from Selfridges the street consists of tourist orientated small shops interspersed with the UK flagship stores of all the main chain stores in Britain. Debenhams plc is a British retailer operating under a department store format in the UK, Ireland and Denmark. It now has a 160 shops.
It describes the marketing concept and some misunderstandings about marketing. It particularly emphasizes the development of the service value proposition as it is at the heart of the strategic marketing plan for a service business. They bring out definition of marketing: · Defining markets · Quantifying the needs of the customer groups within these markets · Determining the value propositions to meet these needs · Communicating these value propositions to all those people in the organization responsible for delivering them and getting their buyin to their role
affordability. Additionally, these products cannot be marketed identically across the globe. International marketing takes more into consideration than just language – it involves culture, market saturation, and customer behaviors. American and European companies especially have turned their international marketing efforts into something more than just exporting – they have adapted their branding to account for differences in consumers, demographics, and world markets. • Companies who have done this very well include Coca-Cola, who discovered that the word ‘Diet’ carries a negative connotation in Latin America and changed the name of their zero-calorie product to ‘Coke Lite’ for those countries. UPS, known in America for their brown trucks, issued a fleet of a different color after learning that their flagship brown trucks resembled Spanish hearses. WHAT IS INTERNATIONAL MARKETING?
G4S Overview About Values Services Investor Relations Careers & Employment About G4S specialises in outsourced business processes assesses current and future risks wide range of geographic markets and business sectors risk management and protection to governments and businesses Other facts about G4S operations in over 110 countries was formed in 2004 is listed on the London Stock Exchange Values Customer Focus Expertise Performance Best People Collaboration & Teamwork Services Developing security solutions Local and international cash solutions People management Wide range of technology use
Returns intressikasumid Revenue aastatulu, kasum Revenue expenditure kasumi kulud Rights issue uusemissioon Bond hüpoteegiraamat, kautsjon Book Value raamatupidamisväärtus Broker maakler, oksjonipidaja, pankur Brokerage Fee ärivahedustasu Bull Markets tõusvate aktsiahindadega turud C GLOSSARY 2 Call Option ostu optsioon Erialasõnastik Callable Bonds sissenõutav tagatis Capital Gain kapitali kasum A Capital Markets kapitaliturud
Other industrialized countries have done no better. Malaysia, Indonesia, Brazil, and other tropical countries with rainforests are often branded as "environmental villains" of the world, mainly because of their reported levels of destruction of their rainforests. But despite the levels of deforestation, up to 60 percent of their territory is still covered by natural tropical forests. In fact, today, much of the pressures on their remaining rainforests comes from servicing the needs and markets for wood products in industrialized countries that have already depleted their own natural resources. Industrial countries would not be buying rainforest hardwoods and timber had we not cut down our own trees long ago, nor would poachers in the Amazon jungle be slaughtering jaguar, ocelot, caiman, and otter if we did not provide lucrative markets for their skins in Berlin, Paris, and Tokyo.
cultural peole who live there. Just imagine you can meet one street at least five different culture peoples. What do to in London when you are tourist? There are many intresting places. Every human can find something intresting. There are many art galleries,museums and parks. I love London huge Ferris Wheel that named London Eye.There are also many street performes. They are actually pretty funny. My favorite tourist atraction is street markets because there are hugh variety of clohtes. I can not mention the Buckingham Palace wich is very beautiful and princely building. London is a fasinating place. If you want met diffrent peoples and experience that free environment, you most go in London. I really recommend it.
Shopping - pleasure or obligation We need to do shopping almost every day. Because we had to buy meat, fruits and other food products. Furthermore people need medicines clothes and stationary. But buying isn't always obligation to demand basic needs. Perhaps it cab be pleasure. Right now huge department stores and supermarkets are very poplar places. In there you can do everything, start the day with shopping and end with eating. Positive is that you can find almost everything in big shop. Very exciting places for shopping is marketplaces, flea market and street markets like Portobello Road Market in London. There you will find collectible and antique junk. If you find something interesting you can bargain about the price. Then you feel what is pleasure of shopping. Shopping is very annoying if you have to go to the shop when you don't want to go. Like with mother or girlfriend. They always have to try all clothes and shoes when they g...
office rents rents and and low low 3. Access to markets cost of cost of utilities utilities European Union / EFTA Russia Turkey/Middle East 5. Government incentives 5. Government incentives Social
a highly skilled labor force (about 4,3 million working people), and a per capita GDP among the highest in the world. Switzerland's economy benefits from a highly developed service sector, led by financial services, and a manufacturing industry that specializes in high-technology, knowledge-based production. Its economic and political stability, transparent legal system, exceptional infrastructure, efficient capital markets, and low corporate tax rates also make Switzerland one of the world's most competitive. The Swiss economy is not built on mass production, but on high-quality work and well- trained workers. The important areas for Swiss exports are micro-technology, high technology, biotechnology, the pharmaceuticals industry and banking and insurance know- how. Swiss products can command high prices in world markets because consumers are ready to pay for high quality
industrialized nations are often "developed". A lack of material wealth does not necessarily mean that one is deprived. A strong economy in a developed nation doesn't mean much when a significant percentage (even a majority) of the population is struggling to survive. Politics have led to dire conditions in many poorer nations. In many cases, international political interests have led to a diversion of available resources from domestic needs to western markets. This has resulted in a lack of basic access to food, water, health, education and other important social services. This is a major obstacle to equitable development. Poverty has also been described as the number one health problem for many poor nations as they do not have the resources to meet the growing needs. But poverty is not restricted just to developing countries. Industrialized nations are also seeing a sharp increase in poverty
james's park and Regent's park. St James's park is the oldest of the Royal Parks in London. Regent's park lies within inner North West London. It contains Regent's University London and the London Zoo. We also visited 10 Downing street where the prime minister David Cameron lives. Then we visited the Baker street where Sherlock Holmes lived. After that we went on the Oxford street. It is the most known shopping street in London. We also visited Harrods and Liberly which are biggest markets in London. I had so much fun. I hope the next time I go somewhere you can come with me. Have you gone on trips recently? Write back soon. I will be waiting. I hope we get together soon. Your friend, Mary
Someone famous Actors: Kevin Hart(Philadelphia) Andrew Lawrence (Abington) Will Smith(Philadelphia) Kerr Smith(Exton) joey lawrence(Philadelphia) Something you should know *Amish population *Farmers *Wine *The Drive In cinema Amish population *Pennsylvania Dutch *in the early 18th century, many Amish immigrated to Pennsylvania for a variety of reasons * Christian church fellowships *Total population 290 100 Farmers Roadside stands and indoor and outdoor farmer’s markets are a common sight throughout every county in Pennsylvania.These are the places you will get the most freshest and sweetest fruits and vegetables you’ve ever tasted. Wine Bring a corkscrew because you’ll have plenty of chances to use it. Pennsylvania is home to hundreds of wineries that offer everything from tours to weekend getaways, festivals, and more. The drive in cinema Pennsylvania has the most drive-in movie theaters of any state in the country. Just one of the must-visit spots is
1970 to 14th-richest in 1993, when the average Swede was poorer than the average Briton or Italian. The two decades from 1990 were a period of recovery: GDP growth between 1993 and 2010 averaged 2.7% a year and productivity 2.1% a year, compared with 1.9% and 1% respectively for the main 15 EU countries. 2. Nordic country´s has joined with the same direction, how to they differ from each other? Denmark has one of the most liberal labour markets in Europe. It also allows parents to send children to private schools at public expense and make up the difference in cost with their own money. Finland is harnessing the skills of venture capitalists and angel investors to promote innovation and entrepreneurship. Oil-rich Norway is a partial exception to this pattern, but even there the government is preparing for its post-oil future. 3. When the economic storm game to nordic country´s? In early 1990´s 4
the belfry was rung. The square Throughout the centuries, the Town Hall Square has been used as a market square and gathering place. The square in front of the Town Hall was used for trading even before the Town Hall was built. Celebrations as well as executions were carried out on the square. Today, the square is filled with outdoor cafés during the summer months; open-air concerts, handicraft and Middle-Age-themed markets are organized. In the winter, people are attracted to the Town Hall Square Christmas Market. There used to be a Vaekoda in the middle of the square but it got destroyed during the March bombing 1944. The ruins got demolished 1946.
Total : 61 - 68% Interpretation of evaluation results · General grade 0-25% of the maximum - very poor to poor export readiness · General grade 26-50% of the maximum - the poor to satisfactory completion of export · General grade 51-75% of max - fair to good export readiness · General grade 76-100% of max - good to excellent export readiness Conclusions The company has good knowledge about export business from previous experiences on Swedish and Finish markets. The financial situation depends on company's own resources. Production output is depending on active sales work which is currently modest in the Norwegian market. There is also need for expansion of machinery park in order to be able to offer combined packing solutions in bigger volumes. The importance of transport is directly related to the geographical and political position of the company. There is a time and planning issue when shipping goods to Norway because of
Policy-Polis Agura-market-Polircs- poliitikud tulid kokku ja arutasid probleemide üle linnas Social politics- discusting the problems Talgud on vana versioon sotsiaalpoliitikast Distribution mechanism Oikos Reciprocity Redistribution Market Polanyi stresses that there is no sense in privileging on mode of circulation in relation to the others. He says: ,,the need for trade of markets is no greater than in the case of reciprocity and redistribution" 1601 Poor Law- Queen Elizabeth I of England Uniform system appointing officals as overseers of the poor Local responsibility Worthy vs. unworthy poor Workhouses- unworthy poor Almshouses- worthy poor Reasons for growing poverty Breakdown of the Feudal system Dissolution of the Monasteries
influence on the whole political economy but that comes to show us how literally every company which is known for good things and not so good things, can influence the whole political economy process. Appyling a theory liberalism As mentioned before Coca-Cola Company is a multinational corporation and that means it occupies a prominent and often controversial role in the global economy. Multinational corporations operate simultaneously in national political systems and global markets, they have been the subject of considerable controversy among governments and among observers of the IPE. Some consider multinational corporations to be productive instruments of a liberal economic order: Multinational corporations ship capital to where it is scarce, transfer technology and management expertise from one country to another, and promote the efficient allocation of resources in the global economy. Other consider multinational corporations to be
from classical literature to modern, are giving good opportunity to spend time, theatre and many other cultural activities has given lots of possibilities to build up or own industry in these fields. The United States is the leading country in technology, there they invent every new modern technology pieces you can find in stores. USA is the place to be when you are interested in technology, because it is the best place to start a tech based company and it is one of the biggest tech markets you can find in the world. USA is also the leader in military technology, they have most powerful weapons in the technology world. In the future the United States can and will affect us in many ways. It continues to influence in culture, technology and mostly in defence field, because of becoming more bigger question in our lives.
company must meet certain requirements. In particular, the company's brand must be recognizable outside of its base of consumer audience, the financial and market documentation for each brand must be in the public domain. In addition, Interbrand emphasizes on global brands - to get into the rating, the company has at least one third of the sales of the goods under the brand name must occur in foreign countries, at least on three continents, so not always the most expensive brands in the local markets are included in the ranking of the most expensive globally. In 2015, the first of most expensive global brands in the list was Apple. Apple experts estimated the brand's value at $ 170.2 billion., which is 20k times higher than the similar estimate of 2005. In the second place stands Google, which rose from $8.4 million to $120.3 billion compared to 2005. The third line of the rating took Coca- Cola - the value of its brand was $ 78.4 billion. The top ten most expensive brands in
TARTU Tartu is the second largest city of Estonia. In contrast to Estonia's political and financial capital Tallinn. Tartu is often considered the intellectual and cultural hub, especially since it is home to Estonia's oldest and most renowned university.Situated 186 km southeast of Tallinn, the city is the centre of southern Estonia. The Emajõgi river, which connects the two largest lakes of Estonia, crosses Tartu. The city is served by Tartu Airport. Tartu was the place where the northsouth road going above the major waterwaysriver.Thought to be the sixth8.Here is the hill fortress built centuries. In Tartu live 82268 Estonians, 15998 Russians, 1214 Finns, 491 Belorussians, 141 Jews, 140 Poles, 124 Germans, 109 Latvians, 91 Lithuanians, 81 Tatars and 673 other nationality people. Mostly known as a university town, Tartu is also a site of heavy industry. In the beginning of the 21st cen...
in 1992 in Tallinn. In all countries, full real estate service package is being offered starting from: 1. market analysis and real estate valuation 2. price analysis 3. legal consultation, up to sales or finding best usage for your real estate. Valuation and Market Research Arco Real Estate offers valuation services since 1994. Arco Real Estate's valuators prepare market reviews about Estonian, Latvian and Bulgarian real estate markets on a regular basis. Agreements with all bigger Estonian credit institutions, which means that all banks recognize Arco Real Estate's valuation reports. Property Management Arco Real Estate has been offering property management services since 1998. Arco Real Estate offers the following property management services: 1. Classic management service 2. Consultation for development projects 3. Technical audit for buildings 4. Property management audit
technical support have detoriated, leading to marketing and procurement of neccesities Chinas pasture resources • There is great diversity of psture types • A range of forages and pasture plants havebeen developed to suit the various zones • Pastures of family farms belong to the state and grazing rights are leased. Western Himalaya • The transhumance systems are similar throughtout. • Overwintering in lowlands gives herders access both to markets and opportunities for seasonal employment • Herders belong into minority tribes Bhutan case study • No crops are grown, only a few vegetables • Stock numbers are on raise and andpastures generally hard grazed • Bush enchroachment is exerbated by a ban of pasture burning to improve wildlife habitat • Major problem is winter mortality of younger and weaker animals due to malnutrition • Oats have shown considerable promise but seed supply has still to be organized
*One way if the current product range meets consumer and organisational objectives is to conduct detailed benefit analysis segmentation. *Differences between strategy and tactical activities are: strategy is long-term planning and tactical is short-term planning. *Product-market strategy represent a decision about the current and future direction of the organisation. *To minimise costs at the outset, a sound marketing approach will usually attempt to increase profits and cash flow from existing markets. *Heinz revamped its marketing strategy to increase consumption of its tinned soups. *The product attributes of celery were linked with concepts of slimming and refreshment on summer days. Promotion Advan. of advert: advertised product is standard and legitimate; lets the seller repeat a message many times; advertising is very expressive; can be used to trigger quick sales Shortc. of advert: it is impersonal; cannot be as persuasive as a company salesperson;
Mõju üle maailma Margaret Thatcher ja Roland Reagan Esimene uurija, kes pälvis Rootsi FSF-NUTEK auhinna (1996) Panus ettevõtlusuuringutesse Haridus Insener ja arvutiprogrammeerija Rakenduslik füüsika Harvardi Ülikool Uurimisinsener Majandusteadus Harvardi Ülikool MIT (Massachussetts Institute of Technology) Looming The Job Generation Process (1979) Suurem osa töökohtadest luuakse väikeettevõtetes Job Creation in America (1987) Gasellid ja hiired Labour Markets, Employment Policy, and Job Creation (1994) Peatükk "Gasell" Birchi indeks Näitab kui palju on töötajate arv teatud aja jooksul kasvanud Absoluutne töötajate arvu kasv x suhteline töötajate arvu kasv Näide: Kui töökohtade arv firmas kasvab 200st 800ni aastatel 2005-2007, oleks Birchi indeks selline: =(800-200)x(800/200)=600x4=2400 Giacomo Becattini Itaallane 1927 Majandusteaduste professor Firenze ülikoolis (1968) Piirkondlik majandusidee
prohibiting new firms from selling their output in any competitive market No control over the price: "Price Takers" ( the firms have no market power) . The individual firm has very little to no impact on the market. · Demand is perfectly elastic. · Maximizes productive and allocative efficiency. · Perfect competition includes complete information. ex. Agriculture Pure competition markets do not actually exist. · Note: Pure competition does not actually exist in our society, and the agriculture industry is the closest industry to being purely competitive. The pure competition model is used as a standard to evaluate the efficiency of our economy (something to compare to and help our understanding of economy.) Monopolistic Competition · Involves large number of firms, but not as many as in pure competition.
Kolmas tase Neljas tase Viies tase John Cabot An Inuit family in Canada Canada today economy Canada is the worlds eleventh largest economy Is one of the world's top ten trading nations, with a highly globalized economy Isn't a net exporter of energy The federal government and many industries have started to expand trades with Asian markets, in an attempt to diversify exports Canada today science and technology In 2011 Canada spent almost 29.9 billion on domestic research and development Canada has produced 10 Nobel laureates in physics, chemistry and medicine Canada is also a participant in the International Space Station(ISS) and is a pioneer in space robotics having constructed the Canadarm, the Canadarm 2 and Dextre robotic manipulators for the ISS and NASA Canada today culture
BWB shipyard has 5500 m2 closed and modern equipped production area. • After extension works in our yard, production area has been increased so that we are able to build up to LOA 50 m vessels. • In nearly 15 years of its activities BWB has built more than 130 different sized boats and vessels. We have built vessels for pilots, coast guards, police, fishery inspections, research institutes and several harbors in nearly all Baltic Sea countries. We have reached also to other markets and building for Northern-Ireland, Belgium, Germany, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland, Azerbaijan etc. Among other projects we have delivered this year fifth vessel from series of 5 units of very modern, 26,5 meter fast patrol vessels we have built for Swedish Coast Guard. Last year we have signed two ice classed double end car ferries with length of 45 meter for Estonian small island connections.
Independence lasted 22 years. This period was one of great cultural advancement.Estonia underwent a number of economic, social, and political reforms necessary to come to terms with its new status as a sovereign state. Economically and socially, land reform in 1919 was the most important step. Large estate holdings belonging to the Baltic nobility were redistributed among the peasants and especially among volunteers in the War of Independence. Estonia's principal markets became Scandinavia, Great Britain, and western Europe, with some exports to the United States and Soviet Union. In World War II Estonia suffered huge losses. Ports were destroyed, and 45% of industry and 40% of the railways were damaged. Estonia's population decreased by one-fifth (about 200,000 people).More than 30,000 soldiers were killed in battles. In 1944 Russian air raids destroyed Narva, and one-third of the residential area in Tallinn was destroyed
Consolidated industry – paar suuri firma dominantsus Hyper-competition and Competitive Advantage Sustainability Competitive Tactics Requerements for Generic Competitive Strategies Overall cost of leadership Differentaiton Focus Market location tactics where a company implements a strategy • Offensive tactics • Defensive tactics Cooperative Strategies * Collusion * Strategic alliances Used to: − Obtain or learn new capabilities − Obtain access to specific markets − Reduce financial risk − Reduce political risk Corporate Strategy Directional strategy KASV , STABILITY, RETRENCHMENT Portfolio analysis Growth Strategy: Concentration and Diversification Merger a transaction involving two or more corporations in which stock is exchanged but in which only one corporation survives • Acquisition the purchase of a company that is completely absorbed by the subsidiary
Monopolistic Competition Market Power Firms in monopolistic competition or imperfectly competitive markets are more likely to have limited market power because there are many firms with differentiated products (there are substitutes) and there is relative ease of entry and exit into the market Market Power among Sellers · Monopolistic competition - a market with a large number of sellers and relatively free entry; each firm "differentiates" its product. · Oligopoly - a market characterized by significant barriers to entry and "a few "sellers
junk and other debris. 4. We live in a consumer society where we find it easier to throw away something that is broken rather than get it fixed. 5. Many teenagers would prefer to go out with their friends for fast food. 6. Looking out the aeroplane window I could see that the unsightly urban sprawl of the city had spread far into the desert. 7. Although the prices at the new shopping complex may be lower, the impersonal service there keeps me going back to my local markets. 8. The government has refused to pass a law which states that all GM foods must be clearly marked. 9. It is well known that many countries are hiding stores of potentially lethal biological weapons. 10. Her stressful lifestyle caused her to suffer from both mental and physical ailments. 11. The extreme weather changes we've been having are wreaking havoc on crop production in most parts of the world. 12
Tower stands a lofty 1,000 feet high and can be seen from anywhere within the city centre. American Express Viaduct Harbour Created to serve the needs of those watching and taking part in the America's Cup events of 1999 and 2002, Viaduct Harbour is now something of a focal point for maritime events held in the city. The harbour area includes a complete village comprising hotels, apartment blocks, shops, markets, restaurants and bars which were used by over 2,000 people during the two competitions. Auckland Civic Theatre It's a famous heritage atmospheric theatre in downtown Auckland. It was renovated in 2000 to its original condition. Auckland War Memorial Museum It's a large multi-exhibition museum in the Auckland Domain, known for its impressive neo-classicist style. Eden Park It's the city's primary stadium and a frequent home for All Blacks rugby
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