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English Grammar - The most common tenses in English Signal Example Tense Use Form words s something happens repeatedly how often something happens every one action day follows sometim another es I work always infinitive Present things in he/she/it he works often Simple general + s I go usually he goes seldom after the never
English Grammar - The most common tenses in English Tense Signal words Use Estonian Form Examples · something happens repeatedly *korduv tegevus every day · how often something happens *püsiv olukord sometimes, *tulevikus · one action follows another I work Present twice a week toimuv, seotud · things in general infinitive he works Simple always, often sõiduplaanidega · after the following verbs (to love, he/she/it + s I go lihtolevik usually
Present Simple (lihtolevik) Infinitive + He/she/it+-s Signal words: Every day, sometimes, always, often, usually, never + I work. He works. I go. He goes. - I don't work. He doesn't work. I don't go. He doesn't go. ? Do I work? Does he work? Do I go? Does he go? Present Continuous (kestev olevik) To be (am/are/is) + infinitive + -ing Signal words: now, at the moment, look!, listen! + I'm working. He's working. I'm going. He's going. - I'm not working. He isn't working. I'm not going. He isn't going. ? Am I working? Is he working? Am I going? Is he going? Present Perfect (täisolevik) Have/has+ infinitive + -ed / 3rd IRW Signal words: yet, never, ever, already, so far, since, for, recently + I have worked. He has worked. I have gone. He has gone. - I haven't worked. He hasn't worked. I haven't gone. He hasn't gone. ? Have I worked? Has he worked? Have I gone? Has he gone? Past Simple (lihtminevik) Infinitive+ -ed (/ 2nd IRW) Signal words: last.. , .. ago, in 1990, yesterday + I w
Get/ Have something TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE WHEN? done Present Simple Am/is/are + Every day, year, often, I pv + do/does Have/ get + sth+ III pv
a lot by the time I lose some kilos." · to emphasise the duration of an action up to a certain time in the future (rõhutamaks tegevuse kestvust mainitud ajahetkeni tulevikus) When the sentence refers to future, do not use ,,will" after the following: · If · Unless · When(ever) · While · By the time · After · Before · As long as · As soon as · Until/till · In case Future tenses 1) I believe life will change in the 21st century. predictions about the future, no proof (words think, believe, be afraid, probably) 2) It's late. I'll take a taxi home. on-the-spot decisions 3) Winter will set in early this year. actions which will definitely happen in the future and which we can't control
talk about sth. that is always true (such as a scientific fact), or that was always true in the past. In this type of conditional we can use when instead of if. E.g., If/When you mix blue and red, you get purple. If/When you don't water flowers, they die. (present simple in both parts of the sentence) If/When I asked her to come with us, she always said no. (past simple in both parts of the sentence) 1 First conditional If-clause present simple; Main clause future tense (or: can, must, may, etc., + bare infinitive) Used to talk about the consequences of a possible action (a real or very probable situation in the present or future). E.g., If I write my essay this afternoon, I will have time to go out tonight. (or: I might go out tonight). (It is still morning, and it is quite possible that I will do this.) NOTE: With type 1 conditionals we can use unless + affirmative verb (= if + negative verb). E.g., I will not be able to come unless Joe gives me a lift
INGLISE KEELE KORDAMINE TIME CLAUSES Present Simple · Permanent states, facts (Tom works..) · Repeated and habitual actions, routines (She usually goes..) · Laws of nature and general truths (The sun sets in the west) · Timetables and programmes · Sporting commentaries, rewiews (Beckham wins the ball, crosses and Owen scores) · Feelings and emotions (I love Tallinn..) TIME EXPRESSIONS USED WITH PRESENT SIMPLE: usually, often, always, every day/week etc, in the morning/evening etc, at night/the weekend, on Fridays etc. Present Continuous · Actions taking place at or arount the moment of speaking (The kids are watching TV..) · Fixed arrangements in the near future (I'm going to the dentist tomorrow) · Currently changing ang developing situations (The number of burgularies is increasing) · With ,,Always" to express anger or irritat
Aari Juhanson, MA 2008 Past Perfect Progressive · Mineviku lõpetamata tegevuse protsessi või kestvuse rõhutamine: They had been WATCHing TV since morning (and he was going slightly mad). · Äsja lõppenud tegevuse (tagajärjed nähtavad) kirjeldus minevikus: It had not been RAINing for weeks, everything was crisp and dry and brown. He had been PAINTing. · had BEEN + 1pv-ing Aari Juhanson, MA 2008 Future Tenses · Lihttulevik (Future Simple / Future Indefinite) markeerimata tuleviku tegevus · Kestev tulevik (Future Progressive / Future Continuous) pooleli- või käimasolev tegevus tulevikus · Perfekti tulevik!!! (Future Perfect) tulevikus tehtud saav tegevus Æ ON NUD (= saab olema lõppenud) · Kestev perfekti tulevik (Future Perfect Progressive) tulevikus pooleli- või käimasoleva tegevuse rõhutamine Aari Juhanson, MA 2008
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