The Republic of Estonia - referaat (0)

Kerli Uue 10.r
The Republic of Estonia
Estonia is a democratic parliamentary republic divided into 15 counties. The capital and largest city is Tallinn. Estonia’s neighbours are Latvia, Russia and Finland .
The parliment is named „The Riigikogu.“ The Estonian parliament has 101 members and influences the governing of the state primarily by determining the income and the expenses of the state. The Riigikogu elects and appoints several high officials of the state, including the President of the Republic. The Parliament of Estonia is elected by people for a four year term by proportional representation.
The Government of Estonia is formed by the Prime Minister of Estonia, nominated by the president and approved by the parliament. The government exercises executive power pursuant to the Constitution of Estonia and the laws of the Republic of Estonia and consists of 12 ministers, including the prime minister. The prime minister also has the right to appoint other minister. he prime minister has the right to appoint a maximum of 3 such ministers, as the limit of ministers in one government is 15. It is also known as the cabinet. The cabinet carries out the country 's domestic and foreign policy, shaped by parliament; it directs and co-ordinates the work of government institutions and bears full responsibility for everything occurring within the authority of executive power.
Highest judicial power: Supreme Court . The court system is divided into three levels: courts of first instance (county and city courts and administrative courts), courts of appeal ( circuit courts) and the Supreme Court which also functions as a constitutional court.
Estonia has a multi - party system with numerous parties , in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments. There are 11 political parties in Estonia right now. Two most important of them are IRL and Reformierakond . They form The Riigikogu in very large amount .
On 1 January 2011, Estonia changes over to the euro, the single European currency . Kroons are exchanged into euros in all bank offices that offer cash services at the central exchange and without a commission fee  until  the end of  June  2011. Thereafter, a limited number of bank offices will continue to provide this service for an entire year. Eesti Pank will exchange kroons into euros at the central rate and without a commission fee for an unspecified term.
The Estonian tax system consists of national taxes and local taxes collected by local governments in their jurisdiction. National taxes include income tax, social tax, land tax, gambling tax, value -added tax, duty and excise taxes and heavy goods vehicle tax. Local governments have the authority to impose local taxes, but effectively only a few have introduced local taxes, in particular : sales tax, boat tax, advertisement tax, tax for closing of streets, motor vehicle tax, tax on keeping domestic animals , amusement tax, and parking fees.
The financial market of Estonia is relatively unique when compared to the rest of Europe. Our position in the current turbulent situation is better than that of some others .
References

English Wikipedia

Estonian Wikipedia

estonia.eu

euro.eesti.ee

investinestonia.com