TALLINN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of Social Sciences Ragnar Nurkse School of Innovation and Governance ! ! ! ! Elise Tõllimäe Pay-for performance: necessary or unsuitable way to increase efficiency in the public sector Essay ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ...
Unit 1. The ways of working. Commute-edasi-tagasi liikuma,pendeldama Employee-töötaja Employer-tööandja Flexible-paindlik Freelance-vabakutseline Intention-kavatsus Mill-vabrik Premises-valduse,territoorium Replace-asendama,välja vahetama Restriction-piirang,kitsendus Shift-vahetus Flexible working hours-paindlik töögraafik Flexitime-paindlik aeg Teleworking-kaugtöö Job share-töökoha jagamine (works in a bank job share) Career break-tööpaus,palgata Long hours culture-ületundide tegemine To keep in contact To go freelance Work shifts Working part-time – osaline tööaeg Have my career –käia tool Cut back-kulusid vähendama Short-term – lühiajaline (almost all on short-term contracts) Come in from school-koju tulema By e-mail,fax,phone Renew her contract for another 3 months Kas sulle meeldiks töötada osalise tööajaga? Would you like to work part-time? Teie lepingut uuendatakse veel 6 kuuks. Your contract will be renewed for another 6 mon...
The Rise and Demise of the New Public Management Wolfgang Drechsler (University of Tartu and Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia) © Copyright: Wolfgang Drechsler 2005 Within the public sphere, the most important reform movement of the last quarter of a century has been the New Public Management (NPM). It is of particular interest in the post-autistic economics (pae) context because NPM largely rests on the same ideology and epistemology as standard textbook economics (STE) is based (for my take on this, see Drechsler 2000), and it has had, and still has, similar results. Already more on the defensive within public administration (PA) than STE is within economics, NPM also shows that such major paradigm shifts in theory and policy may actually happen. In addition, it occasionally appears that pae-oriented scholars have overlooked the fact that some features in public management refo...
ERLE MAIDO TAAB11 Report Purpose The purpose of this report is to give an overview of Estonian population, political factors, technological factors, economic factors and the trends in Estonian economy compared to Germany and to briefly discuss Estonian business environment. Estonian population The total population of Estonia is 1 313 271 according to Statistics Estonia, of which 69.1% are Estonians, 25.1% Russians, 4.9% of which are of different nationalities for example Ukrainians, Belarusians and Finns. Rest are of unknown nationality. 68.5% of population speaks Estonian as a mother language, 29.6% speaks Russian as a mother language and 0.6% Ukrainian. Estonia has only one official language which is Estonian. Ac...
Preparing for exam. Focus areas Defining innovation ● “An innovation is an idea, practice, or object that is perceived as new by an individual or other unit of adoption.” (Rogers 1952) ● CIS survey: “Product innovations must be new to your enterprise, but they do not need to be new to your market”. ● “Companies achieve competitive advantage through acts of innovation. They approach innovation in its broadest sense, including both new technologies and new ways of doing things” – (Porter 1990) ● “An innovative business is one which lives and breathes “outside the box”. It is not just good ideas, it is a combination of good ideas, motivated staff and an instinctive understanding of what your customer wants” – (Branson 1998) ● “...novel implementation of an invention, discovery, new or existing knowledge in economic process” (Joseph A. Schumpeter) ● An innovation is the implementation of a new or si...
Talking points What is Deloitte? History Deloitte in Estonia What is Deloitte? Deloitte is the brand under which tens of thousands of dedicated professionals in independent firms throughout the world collaborate to provide audit, consulting, financial advisory, risk management, and tax services to selected clients. These firms are members of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, each member firm provides services in a particular geographic area and is subject to the laws and professional regulations of the particular country in which it operates. Deloitte with approximately 193,000 people worldwide with , is one of the Big Four professional services firms along with PricewaterhouseCoopers, Ernst & Young, and KPMG. , and KPMG Deloitte history In 1845 William Welch Deloitte opened his own ...
INVESTBULGARIA AGENCY WHO ARE WE InvestBulgaria Agency (IBA) is a Government institution providing information, contacts and project management support to potential investors. IBA services: Macroeconomic data on Bulgaria Data on operational costs Regional information Personalized administrative servicing Legal advice Liaison with central and local governments Liaison with branch chambers and NGOs www.investbg.government.bg GENERAL INFORMATION Official name: Republic of Bulgaria Area: 110 994 sq.m. Population: 7.4 million Capital: Sofia Time zone: EET (UTC+2) Official language: Bulgarian Currency: Lev (BGN) Fixed exchange rate: 1 = BGN 1.95583 Type of government: Parliamentary Member of: EU, NAT...
Oliver Niinas Special Reports TTÜ TK Northern lights 1. What changes Sweden´s brought with the quiet revolution? the country was demoted from being the world's fourth-richest in 1970 to 14th-richest in 1993, when the average Swede was poorer than the average Briton or Italian. The two decades from 1990 were a period of recovery: GDP growth between 1993 and 2010 averaged 2.7% a year and productivity 2.1% a year, compared with 1.9% and 1% respectively for the main 15 EU countries. 2. Nordic country´s has joined with the same direction, how to they differ from each other? Denmark has one of the most liberal labour markets in Europe. It also allows parents to send children to private schools at public expense and make up the difference in cost with their own money. Finland is harnessing the skills of venture capitalists and angel investors to promote innovation and entrepreneurship. Oil-rich Norw...
1. A branded product ............................................firmatoode 2. A cash dispenser ...............................................sularahaautomaat 3. A commission charge .......................................komisjoni tasu 4. A deadline ........................................................(lõpp)tähtaeg 5. A defined goal ..................................................püstitatud eesmärk 6. A detailed benefit analysis segmentation .........läbi viia detailne kasumianalüüs 7. A genuine product ............................................ehtne toode 8. A goal ...............................................................eesmärk 9. A group leader ..................................................kaadriülem 10. A liability .........................................................kohustus 11. A matter-of-fact selling relationship ................asjalik müügi suhe 12. A payment order ...........
Mass Media What is Mass Media? Statistics show that there are few things which impact the human mind more than mass media. The advice of teachers, parents and relatives may fall on deaf ears, but the mass media influence holds us all spellbound! At this point, it becomes necessary to define mass media. Mass media may be defined as any form of communication which is meted out to the people at large, through the various forms of communication. What modes of communication are we talking about? Well there can be no static definition for the channels of mass communication as they are increasing all the time. But any form of communication which is seen and understood by a large mass of people can be taken to mean mass communication or mass media channels. Why is mass media so attractive to people? Mass media holds a kind of mystique in the minds of the people. It is because the communication is designed in ...
TALLINN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING INGLISE KEEL Essee Differences between Estonian and USA school and education systems. Juhendaja: Koostanud: 2009 Differences between Estonian and USA school and education systems. Question is, how different are our own and this big country they call United States of America's education. Or maybe there is no difference at all, and our systems about school and education are more similar than they appear at first sight. After reading all the materials and all sorts of notes about USA's education systems and their school household. All at once I realized, that they are not so different at all. Like for example USA's kids have to go to school exactly the same amount of time as our Estonian children. And basically learn same amount of same things. Like everywhere there are always ...
Estonian Business School Bachelor’s Studies 1.International business administration (Rahvusvaheline ärijuhtimine) 2.Languages and business administration (Võõrkeeled ja ärikorraldus) 3.Entrepreneurship and business administration (Ettevõtlus ja ärijuhtimine) International business administration designed for people interested in economics and business who wish to acquire professional knowledge and skills to work in an international company or in public sector very good Business English language skills possibility to specialize in marketing, service economics or finance Languages and business administration for people who would like to gain practical skills of foreign languages (possible to study 3 foreign languages at a time) have basic knowledge of economics and business administration Entrepreneurship and business administration for people who would like to wisely get into the business worl...
1) · Monarch: a ruler of a state, such as a king or queen, who has a right to rule by birth, and does not have to be elected. · Monarchy: the system by which a state is ruled by a king or queen. Also a state ruled by a king or queen. Monarchy is the oldest form of government in the United Kingdom. · There are many monarchy contries like Canada , denmark , norway, Sweden, United kingdom, Thailand, and so one 2) · The British monarchy is known as a constitutional monarchy. This means that, while The Sovereign is Head of State, the ability to make and pass legislation resides with an elected Parliament. · The monarch, at present Queen Elizabeth II, is the Head of State (the official ruler of the country). she has reigned since 6 February 1952. 3) · The British Sovereign can be seen as having two roles: Head of State, and 'Head of the Nation'. · As Head of State, The Queen undertakes constitutional and representational duties · There are in...
1. ASKING SOMEONE FOR THEIR OPINION ABOUT A TOPIC 1.1 Yes/No Questions Do you believe in horoscopes? Do you believe in a God who rewards good and punishes wrong-doing? Do you think we should be tougher on crime? Do you think we should maintain our traditions or make way for change? Do you think the Government should act to curb the power of media barons....? Do you think everybody should be trained to use computers? Do you think that public sector workers such as teachers, doctors, nurses and fire fighters should be allowed to strike? Do you think that the young have anything to learn from the elderly and vice versa? Would you consider sending your child to a grammar school? Would you ever consider taking out private health insurance? 1.2 OR Questions Are you for or against self-sufficiency? Would you prefer your child to be edu...
TALLINNA ÜLIKOOL POLITICAL SCIENCE AND GOVERNMENT INSTITUTE ANNELI PALM CRITISIM ABOUT IMF AND WORLD BANK INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY (RIR6032/RIR6004) ESSAY 2014 Contents TALLINNA ÜLIKOOL.............................................................................................. 1 Introduction............................................................................................................ 3 Basic of liberalism.................................................................................................. 4 International Monetary Fund and World Bank.........................................................4 IMF(International Monetary Fund)........................................................................4 WB(World Bank).................................................................................................
ESTONIAN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT Estonia is a country with the population of just a little over 1.3 million people. It has been estimated though, that by the year of 2040 the number will have decreased by 125,000 people. It means that the population of Estonia is decreasing. As young Estonians often like to go study or live abroad, the population is aging as well – young people move away, while older stay there. Many different nationalities live there: besides Estonians there are Russians, Ukrainians, Belarussians, Finnish, Tatars, Latvians, Poles, Lithuanians, Jews, Germans and others. Due to this fact, the most popular languages spoken as a mother language are Estonian, Russian and Ukrainian. Nevertheless, there is still just one official language of Estonia, which is Estonian. Most of the people, approximately 900,000 live in the cities, such as Tallinn, Tartu, Narva. The most common sector that ...
The United States and its economy are known to be one of the thriving and strongest in the world. It represents 16.6% of the world’s total GDP. The estimated worth of USA's GDP is estimated to be around 17.5 trillion dollars and dollar being the third currency in the world and the official currency of the US. They also manage a 5% growth every quarter. So how do they manage it? There are three main sectors that contribute to the USA's GDP. First is services that is 80% of the total GDP. The output of services in 2014 was 13,8 billion dollars witch was the nr.1 in front of European Union’s output witch was 13,4. The second contributing sector is the industry sector which provides 19% of the country’s GDP. In this area USA has fallen behind and has to accept the third position in the world’s total industry's output. First in industry’s output last year was European Union who had 4,6 billion dollar output, not far was China who ha...
RAAMATUPIDAMISE ISESEISEV TÖÖ Sisekorra eeskirjad 1. ÜLDSÄTTED Sise-eeskirja eesmärk ja kohaldamine Raamatupidamise sise-eeskiri (edaspidi eeskiri) määrab kindlaks raamatupidamise ja aruandluse korraldamise põhimõtted ettevõtte finantsseisundist, majandustulemusest ja rahavoogudest olulise, objektiivse ja võrreldava info saamise eesmärgil. Raamatupidamise korraldus Tegevjuhtkond juhib raamatupidamiskohustuslase tegevust ja korraldab raamatupidamist.. Pearaamatupidaja juhib ja korraldab raamatupidamistööd ametijuhendis sätestatud pädevuse piires. Seal on paika pandud juhend kuidas peab raamatupidamist kajastama ning mis sinna peab olema märgitud . Raamatupidamisel peab olema märgitud: tulud ja kulud , kirjendi sisu , kuupäev, rahaliste vahendite arvestus , nõuete ja ettemaksete arvestus , varude arvestus , põhivarade arvestus , kohustuste arvestus , varade ja kohustuste inventeerimine , aruannete esitamise kor...
All about High Tech High tech is technology that is at the cutting edge--the most advanced technology currently available. There is no specific class of technology that is high tech--the definition shifts over time--so products hyped as high tech in the 1960s would now be considered, if not exactly low tech, then at least somewhat obsolete. This fuzzy definition has led to marketing departments describing nearly all new products as high tech. Economy Because the high-tech sector of the economy develops or uses the most advanced technology known, it is often seen as having the most potential for future growth. This perception has led to high investment in high-tech sectors of the economy. High-tech startup enterprises receive a large portion of venture capital. However, if, as has happened in the past, investment exceeds actual potential, then investors can lose all or most of their investment. High tech is often viewed as high risk, but...
The French education system is split into three stages: primary school (école), secondary school (collège) and high school (lycée). Primary and secondary education is free, neutral, secular and compulsory between the ages of 6 and 16. However, there are some private schools that are not subject to these obligations and particularities of the French education system. Nursery school classes accept toddlers at 2 or 3 years of age, starting in September. The children develop their basic faculties, improve their speaking skills and are introduced to the world of reading and writing, numbers and other key areas of learning. From age 6 to 11, the children attend elementary school which is mixed and freein the case of public (state) schools. The 'collège' accepts all pupils after elementary school without the need to pass an entrance exam. The teaching is structured by subject: French, mathematics, history-geography, 'civics' or civil education...
*Estonians conquered by the crusaders 1208 *Reformation 16th century establishments of new school, Estonians first book appeared in 1525 *Tartu University 1632 founded by King Gustavus II Adolphus, classical university, member of the Coimbra group *Abolition of serfdom 1816 *Song festival 1869 in Tartu, an organiser was J.V.Jannsen, 822 singers, men only *Declaration of independence 24th February 1918 *War of independence 1918-1920 during the Russian Civil War, resulted in a victory for Estonia *Deportation 1949 *Estonia becomes independent 20th August 1991 *Joining EU 1st May 2004 Language: Estonian language, belongs to the Balti-Finnic group of the Finno-Ugric languages, closely realted to Finnish and rather remotely to Hungarian; Latin alphabet with 32 letters , 5 of which occur only in foreign words, the phenomes include 9 vowels and 18 consonants; words are borrowed from Latin, Greek, English etc.; sinc...
Raamatupidamise alused Lühikonspekt Eesti Maaülikooli üliõpilastele Teema 1: Sissejuhatus Majandusarvestus (raamatupidamine) on igasuguse ettevõtte majandustegevuse juhtimise lahutamatuks koostisosaks. Informatsioon äritegevuse tehingute ja sündmuste kohta mõõdetakse ja koondatakse aruannetesse, mida kasutavad ettevõttest huvitatud isikud. Püstitatud eesmärk, täielikult aru saada kõigist aruannetesse koondatud andmetest, jääb enamasti saavutamata, sest eesmärgi saavutamine eeldab erialateadmiste ja oskuste olemasolu. Hea on võrdlus kirurgiga. Arvata võib, et enamus inimesi teab, millega kirurg tegeleb, kuid ei mõista, missugused erialateadmised ja oskused kirurgil peavad olema patsientide õigeks kohtlemiseks. Arusaamine raamatupidamisest ei tule lihtsalt. Otsusekindluse ja visa tööga on võimalik väga palju raamatupidamisest teada saada. Omandatud teadmised on väga väärtusliku...
Agriculture About 77 per cent of the land area of Britain is under agricultural use of some sort. However, the sector's role in the economy is much smaller than in most other major industrial countries, in terms of employment and contribution to GDP, reflecting Britain's early industrialization. Agriculture employs less than 2 per cent of the population and contributes 2 per cent of GDP. However, it achieves high levels of efficiency and productivity. Britain is self-sufficient in 58 per cent of all types of food and animal feed. Large parts of Britain, notably in Scotland and Wales, are suitable only for grazing. Overall, in the first half of the 1990s about 39 per cent of agricultural land was under pasture, another 27 per cent under rough grazing, and the remainder under crops or lying fallow. Over half of all full-time farms are devoted to dairy or beef farming, or sheep. Cattle and sheep con...
Forestry and the Forest Industry in Japan Today I'm going to do a presentation about a book called ,,Forestry and the Forest Industry in Japan", edited by Yoshiya Iwai. --------------------- Participants in private forestry are classified into six categories: forestry households; companies; shrines and temples; joint holdings; various groups and cooperatives; and habitual joint holdings. Except for shrines and temples, these groups manage forests to produce income. In general, these forests are not very large: the average forest area per establishment was 3.7 ha in 1990. Groups operating forests of less than 100 ha control 67% of the total area. Hence forests are not necessarily owned by a few large concerns. Private ownership of forestland was officially permitted after the Meiji restoration of 1868, which marked the end of feudalism. Previously, forestland was legally owned collectively for the use of local comm...
1. UN as a world organization The United Nations officially came into existence on 24 October 1945, when the UN Charter had been ratified by a majority of the original 51 Member States. The day is now celebrated each year around the world as United Nations Day. The purpose of the United Nations is to bring all nations of the world together to work for peace and development, based on the principles of justice, human dignity and the well-being of all people. It affords the opportunity for countries to balance global interdependence and national interests when addressing international problems. There are currently 192 Members of the United Nations. The Aims of the United Nations: -To keep peace throughout the world. -To develop friendly relations between nations. -To work together to help people live better lives, to eliminate poverty, disease and illiteracy in the world, to stop environmental destruction and to encourage respect for ea...
Sõnastik Majandus- ja sotsiaalinstituudi erialadele 1 ability to pay maksevõime 2 abrogate annulleerima 3 accelerate kiirendama, kiirenema 4 access right juurdepääsu õigus 5 accommodation majutamine 6 accord kooskõlastama 7 account arve, aruanne 8 accounting raamatupidamine 9 accounting period arvestusperiood 10 accounting records raamatupidamise dokumendid 11 accumulated debt kogunenud võlg 12 adequate supply piisav varustamine 13 adulterate võltsima 14 advance ettemakse 15 advantage of secrecy ...
Valisin oma töö ,,ODT vorming ja tarkvara" kirjutamiseks järgnevad allikad: 1. OpenDocument. 2013. [http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument] 3.11.2014. 2. OpenDocument. 2014. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument] 1.11.2014. 3. About OpenDocument Format. OpenDocument Format. [http://www.opendocumentformat.org/aboutODF/] 3.11.2014 4. Buchanon, J. 2008. What is File Extension ODT. [http://ezinearticles.com/?What-is- File-Extension-ODT&id=1484456] 1.11.2014 5. Open Document Format (ODF). [http://www.oxygenxml.com/xml_editor/open_document_odf.html? adw=true&gclid=CNTPrsSwhMECFSEcwwodSkYAJQ#open_document] 3.11.2014. Vormistada RTF (Rich Text Format) tüüpi dokument, milles oleks kirjeldatud teemat (valida tabelist). Teema on üldjuhul mingi info arvutis säilitamise või vis...
1.1990-92 majanduslanguse järgselt- following the receission of 1990-92 2.tõus osalise tööajaga töötamises- growth in part-time employment 3.avalike teenuste pakkumine- provision of public services 4.edendama ettevõtte konkurensivõimet- to improve the competitiveness of companies 5.kaupade ja teenuste hind- the proce of goods and services 6.keskkonna kaitsmine- protection of the environment 7.kulutuste eelisvaldkonnad- priority areas for expenditure 8.aastakäive- annual turnover 9.tööjaotus- division of labour, work allocation, labour distribution 10.kõrgkvaliteetsed seadmed- high quality equipment 11.tasakaaluhind- clearing price 12.töötlev tööstus- manufacturing industry, primary industry, secondary industry 13.pikaajalised majapidamiskaubad- household durables 14.sisemajanduse kogutoodand- gross domestic product 15.tulu välisturismist- overseas tourism revenue 16.vähenevate tulude seadus- the law of diminishing return 17.ehitustööstu...
Käesolevas töös arutlen, kas avaliku sektori tervishoiukulutusi peaks suurendama 50 miljoni euro võrra või tuleks eelistada erakindlustus firmade tekkimist Eestis. Enne arutluse kirjutamist tutvusin Health Care and the Public Sector plaaniga ja J. Stiglitzi Ühiskondliku sektori ökonoomika raamatuga. Põhilised arutluses kasutatud andmed on võetud Rahandusministeeriumi ja Eesti Haigekassa kodulehelt. Eesti ravikindlustuse eesmärk on katta kindlustatud isikute tervishoiukulud haiguste ennetamiseks ja raviks, rahastada ravimite ja meditsiiniliste abivahendite ostmist ja maksta ajutise töövõimetuse ja muid rahalisi hüvitisi. Samuti jälgib Eesti ravikindlustus solidaarsuse printsiipi: haigestumisel ei sõltu haigekassa tasutava tervishoiuteenuse maksumus sellest, kui palju on konkreetse inimese eest makstud sotsialamaksu. Tööd tegevate inimeste eest makstud sotsialamaksust tasub haigekassa ka nende inimeste tervishoiuteenuste eest, kes parasja...
STEP Analysis Switzerland Liisi Nigul Turundus II Sociological factors: Religions: Main religion is Roman Catholic 41,8%, then comes Protestants with 35,3% and on the third place are so called non-believers (people with no religion) 11,1%. (Other: muslin, orthodox, other Christian and so on). Birth rates: Switzerland has a birthrate of 9, 51 births to 1000 people, it's in the 199 place in the world's birth rate comparison. Leisure activities: Leisure activities range from taking part in grueling sports to relaxing with family and friends. Many people also devote part of their leisure time to the public service. Life expectancy at birth: total average is 81 years but if you look ...
UK Conservation & Environment 1. What does AONB stand for? 2. What type of environment does the Ramsar Convention protect? 3. Which country has the greatest proportion of its land devoted to National Parks and other countryside conversation areas: England, Scotland, Wales or Northen Ireland? 4. Which is the main contributing gas to the greenhouse effect? 5. Which fortification in Britain dates from the Roman era and is listed in the World Heritage List? 1. Area of outstanding natural beauty 2. Wetlands 3. Northen Ireland 4. Carbon dioxide 5. Hadrian's Wall, in the north of England Physical geography 1. Which of the following countries is the nearest continental neighbour to Great Britain: Denmark, Portugal, France or Greece? 2. Which of these cities are close to the same line of latitude as London: Berlin, Moscow, New Yo...
Tartu Secondary School of business JAMAICA Form 10 A Tartu 2007 Introduction.................................................................................................................................3 Geography...................................................................................................................................3 History.........................................................................................................................................3 Economy..................................................................................................................................... 4 Econometrics...............................................................................................................................6 Climate.................................................
Mikro ja makroökonoomika terminid Eesti keeles English На русском Majanduse alusmõisted. Fundamentals of Economics. Фундаментальные понятия ökonoomika economics экономика Ceteris paribus „Other –things-equal” assumption, «при прочих равных условиях» „Muude tingimuste samaks Ceteris paribus jäädes” põhimõtted Principles принципы Teaduslik meetod Scientific method Научный метод seos tradeoffs связь piiranalüüs Marginal analysis Предельный анализ kompositsiooniviga Fallacy of composition Композиционные ошибки Positiivne tõus Positive slope Положительный наклон Verikaalne ja horiso...
TALLINNA TEHNIKA ÜLIKOOL Sotsiaalteaduskond Õigusteaduse instituut INFOOTSING ANDMEBAASIDEST Alusõppe ainetöö Juhendaja: Veiko Lember, PhD Tallinn 2012 Kõigepealt otsisin internetist ja ESTERist märksõnu ja sünonüüme ning ingliskeelseid vasteid. Artiklid otsisin google scholar ja EBSCOhost Webist. Vajalikud ariktlid võtsin Wiley Online Library, SAGE Journals Online ja EBSCOhost Webist. Google scholarisse panin otsingusse ,,public-private partnership", ja ,,government and private sector partnership". Sealt otsisin artiklid mis ei oleks vanemad aastast 2011. EBSCOhost Webis kasutasin basic search ´i. Seal kasutasin otsinguks ,,government and private sector cooperation"...
TRADERUN MOODUL TRADERUN MODULE BUSINESS PECULIARITIES IN THE EU, RUSSIA AND EASTERN PARTNERSHIP COUNTRIES ÄRI ERIPÄRAD EUROOPA LIIDUS, VENEMAAL JA IDAPARTNERLUSRIIKIDES Lecturers: Ryhor Nizhnikau (responsible) Giorgi Gaganidze, Sergei Proskura, Andres Assor P2EC.00.202 (UT code), RIE 7044 (TLU code) Reading materials: Business peculiarities in Ukraine and Belarus Lugemismatejal: Äri eripärad Ukrainas ja Valgenenes Created by Andres Assor Tartu 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 4 1. UKRAINE ...................................................................................................................
Ireland Ireland (Irish: Éire, Irish pronunciation:) is a country in north-western Europe. The modern sovereign state occupies about five-sixths of the island of Ireland, which was first partitioned on 3 May 1921. It is bordered by Northern Ireland--part of the United Kingdom--to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Irish Sea to the east and the Celtic Sea and St George's Channel to the South and South-East. The legal name of the state is simply "Ireland", but its legal description the Republic of Ireland is sometimes used to differentiate the state from the island. On 29 December 1937 Ireland became the successor-state to the Irish Free State, itself established on 6 December 1922. Ireland was one of the poorest countries in Western Europe and had high emigration. The protectionist economy was opened in the late 1950s and Ireland joined the European Communities (now the European Un...
TALLINNA TEHNIKAÜLIKOOL Sotsiaalteaduskond Ragnar Nurkse innovatsiooni ja valitsemise instituut Aleks Joa HAAB11 Haldusreformi võimalikud mõjud kodanike elukeskkonnale Poliitikaanalüüs Õppeaine: Teaduspõhine analüüs Õppejõud: Veiko Lember, Tallinn 2015 Sisukord Sissejuhatus.................................................................................................................................3 1. Haldusreformi taust.................................................................................................................4 1.1 Haldusreformi eesmärgid......................................................................................................5 1.2 Haldusreformi plaani olemus..............
TALLINNA TEHNIKAÜLIKOOL Sotsiaalteaduskond Õiguse instituut Robert Parkala HAJB AVALIKU HALDUSE REFORM Referaat Õppeaine: Teadustöö alused Juhendaja: teadur Veiko Lember Tallinn 2012 1 Sisukord Sisukord....................................................................................... 2 Sissejuhatus................................................................................. 3 Avaliku sektori hindamine läbi käibelolevate probleemide...............4 Sektori kujunemine läbi majandus – ja organisatsioonitegurite........5 Vajalike reformide rakendamine....................................................6 Kokkuvõte.................................................................................... 7 Kasutatud kirjandus......................................
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) The gross domestic product (GDP) or gross domestic income (GDI) is a measure of a country's overall economic output. It is the market value of all final goods and services made within the borders of a country in a year. It is often positively correlated with the standard of living, alternative measures to GDP for that purpose. · Gross domestic product comes under the heading of national accounts, which is a subject in macroeconomics. Gross National Product Gross national product (GNP), in economics, a quantitative measure of a nation's total economic activity, generally assessed yearly or quarterly. The GNP equals the gross domestic product plus income earned by domestic residents through foreign investments minus the income earned by foreign investors in the domestic market. Gross Domestic Product GDP can ...
road signs All speed limit signs in the Republic changed to the metric system in 2005. Some direction signs still show distance in miles so tourists often mix them up. There are usually about 10 signs or more on one post , and its really hard to see them when driving, so tourists disturb traffic quite often when slowing down to read the signs All the signs are multilingual ,due to high percentage of English speakers Forests Ireland has only about 8 % of his whole land covered with forests. Centuries ago people cut the forests and didn't think about the future so nowadays there is mostly peat ( turvas) which Ireland uses to produce energy. Economy Ireland had a big economic boom in the late 20'th century, but now the Republic of Ireland is ranked the second wealthiest per capita country in the European Union. Education in Ireland is free at all levels, including college. The construction sector, which is inherently cyclical in nature, ...
Great Britain Pärnu 2012 Contents Great Britain Great Britain or Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, the largest European island, and the largest of the British Isles. With a population of about 60.0 million people in mid-2009, it is the third most populous isla...
ELEKTROENERGEETIKA INSTITUUT Referaat Taastvad Energiaallikad Esitamise tähtaeg 14.04.2009 Õppejõud: Hannes Agabus Tudeng: Sergei Belosapko Nikita Naumov Tallinn 2009 Contents: 1. Renewable energy 1.1. Costs................................................................................................................... 2 1.2. Potential future utilization..............................................................................4 1.3. Why Don't We Use More Renewable Energy? ...........................................5 2. Energy Types 2.1. Wind Energy.......................................................................................................6 2.1.1. Annual Generation........................................................................................7 2.1.2. ...
EESTI FISKAALPOLIITIKA MÕNINGATEST ASPEKTIDEST Kaie Kerem Tallinna Tehnikaülikool Kuna Eesti on väike avatud majandus, siis sõltub Eesti majandus väga tugevasti majanduskonjunktuuri muutustest välisturgudel. Seoses Eestis rakendatud valuutakomiteel põhineva rahasüsteemiga pole Eestis võimalik teostada aktiivset rahapoliitikat. Seetõttu on fiskaalpoliitikal täita Eesti majanduses oluline roll. Antud artiklis analüüsitakse valitsussektori tulusid ja kulutusi ning nendega seonduvaid probleeme. Samuti vaadeldakse valitsussektori kulutuste ja tulude struktuuri ning fiskaalpoliitika efektiivsuse mõningaid aspekte. Fiskaalpoliitika efektiivsuse tõstmine on eriti oluline tingimustes, kus Eesti on endale seadnud eesmärgiks ühineda Euroopa Liiduga. Valitsussektori tulud Fiskaalpoliitika järjekindlus on siirderiikide stabiilsuse ühe...
European Union Exam 1949 France, UK and the Benelux countries decide to set in place a Council of Europe. 1951 Treaty of Paris signed by the Six (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands), establishing the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). 1957 Treaties of Rome establish the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom). 1959 July, seven countries of the Organisation for European Economic Co- operation (OEEC) – Austria, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK – decide to establish a European Free Trade Association (EFTA). 1960 Creation of European Free Trade Association 1961 UK applies to join the Community. 1962 The Parliamentary Assembly changes its name to the European Parliament. 1965 The Treaty merging the executives of the three Communities (ECSC, EEC, Euratom) is signed in Brussels; enters into force on July 1, 1967. Empty chair crisis 1966 Luxembou...
Economy of Estonia The economic growth during the recent years has been very fast. The Estonian economy is diverse industry and transport, as well as commerce and different branches of services are all equally important. Due to the available natural resources Estonian economy largely relies on the branches related to the forest; Estonian energy sector is based on oil shale. Finland and Sweden are the most important trade partners. The Estonian economy profits significantly from the business generated by more than 2 million tourists a year. The important sectors of the Estonian economy are the processing, transport, warehousing and communications, commerce and estate, rental and letting, as well as business services, agriculture, construction and government, education and health care. In order to be able to import all the products and services, something must be exported, that's why export holds such a prominent posit...
TALLINN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING GUIDELINES Report Composers: Meelika Koitjärv EABM03 000502 Sandra Oisalu EABM03 000484 Tallinn 2004 2 PREFACE The Board of Directors of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) is pleased to release the 2002 Sustainability Reporting Guidelines. From an institutional perspective, it marks the beginning of the cycle of release, testing, review, and revision under GRIs new governance structure. The GRI was launched in 1997 as a joint initiative of the U.S. non-governmental organisation Coalition for Environmentally Responsible Economies (CERES) and United ...
Sotsiaalse probleemi defineerimine Mis on sotsiaalne probleem? Sotsiaalne probleem on ühiskondlikult põhjustatud tingimused, mis haavavad või ohustavad mingit rahvastiku osa Sotsiaalne probleem on situatsioon, mida enamus vaatlejatest peab ebasoovitavaks ja sekkumist vajavaks. Sotsiaalne probleem ei seostu või ei piirdu indiviidiga tuleb teha vahet isikliku (isikust lähtuva) ja sotsiaalse (ühiskonna struktuurist lähtuva) probleemi vahel. Iga sotsiaalse probleemi puhul tuleb mängu isiklik (isikust lähtuv) e. individuaalne aspekt ja sotsiaalne (ühiskonna struktuurist lähtuv) e. struktuurne aspekt. Definitsioon: sotsiaalne probleem ~ sotsiaalprobleem elukvaliteedi halvenemisest tekkiv toimetulematus või võõrdumus, mis haarab suure osa ühiskonnast või kogu ühiskonna sotsiaalpoliitika avaliku võimu prioriteedid ja sihipärane tegevus sotsiaalsete probleemide la...
neÄlle Töö 1. osa = tõlge EST ing.k. Töö 2. osa = mõistete selgitamine = vt harjutused õpikust Sõnad/tõlked * U6 1. citizenship kodakondsus 2. state riik 3. lawful relationship- seaduslik suhe 4. determines mutual rights and obligations määrab vastastikused õigused ja kohustused 5. questions of citizenship are first of all regulated by kodakondsuse küsimused on eelkõige reguleeritud ... abil/kaudu/alusel 6. the Constitution of the Republic of Estonia EV PS 7. the Citizenship act kodakondusseadus 8. according to § 8 - § 8 alusel/järgi 9. right to õigus millelegi 10. shall be acquired by birth omandatakse sünniga 11. proceeds from the principle tuleneb ... printsiibist 12. any child found in Estonia iga Eestist leitud laps ...
Tervisekindlustus. Kas avalik või erasektor ? Eesti Vabariigi 2012. aasta riigieelarve konsolideeritud tulude mahuks on 6,1 mld eurot ja kulude mahuks 6,57 mld eurot. Tervishoiu valdkond moodustab 12,96% kogukuludest ning 2012. aastal planeeritakse valdkonna kuludeks 855,7 mln eurot. Võrreldes 2011. aastaga kasvavad kulud 56,7 mln eurot. Kasv on tingitud riiklike ravikindlustuse kulude suurenemisest. CO2 kvoodimüügi tulu arvelt suunatakse vahendeid haiglavõrgu arendamiseks, sealhulgas Viljandi ja Pärnu Haiglale. Ravikindlustuseta isikute vältimatu ravi kulud on kavandatud Sotsiaalministeeriumi eelarves summas 6 921 696 eurot. Eraldisi Eesti Haigekassale ravikindlustuse kuludeks on 2012. aastal kogusummas 771 884 000 eurot (2012 aasta riigieelarve seletuskiri, [www.fin.ee/riigieelarve- 2012] 25.04.2012). Eesti Vabariigi põhiseaduse paragrahvi 28 lõike 1 kohaselt on igaühel õigus tervise kaitsele. Euroopa L...
BARRIERS TO DISTRICT HEATING DEVELOPMENT IN SOME EUROPEAN COUNTRIES Abstract District heating (DH) offers low primary energy demand, high security of supply and small CO 2 emissions. Barriers to DH in the UK, Ireland, France, Romania and the Czech Republic have been compiled through publications and interviews. DH systems require large investments, have negative initial cash flow and long payback time, which obstructs financing. One actor should control DH from source to consumption. If the value chain is fragmented, contracts are required between the links. It increases risks and financing costs, like in the UK and Ireland, where DH is not established. There are few multi- family houses with central heating and it is expensive to build DH networks in built areas. Most French DH systems are operated according to long-term concessions by companies that sell electricity and gas. No strong actor provid...
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