Pet therapy. A kind of treatment designed to stimulate people who are withdrawn or uncommunicative has recently been given a new name: pet therapy. It has given difficult children, lonely old people and even anti-social prisoners a completely new outlook on life Even though pet therapy is only now being widely used, it is not a new idea. In the eighteenth century an English doctor, William Tuke, filled the grounds of a hospital for mentally disturbed people with chickens, rabbits and goats. At a time when people were usually punished for strange behavior rather than helped, this was a radical new approach to treating the mentally disturbed. Tuke's idea was that patients could learn
Built by William the Counqueror, when he become king Was built to guard the entrance to London from the estuary of the Thames Has had many functions:royal residence, armoury, treasury,mint and as prison for the enemies of the crown Beefeaters Forty-two Yeomen Warders known as "beefeaters" guard the Tower and live there too. ceremonial guardians of the Tower of London In principle they are responsible for looking after any prisoners at the Tower and safeguarding the British crown jewels, but in practice they act as tour guides and are a tourist attraction in their own right, a point the Yeoman Warders acknowledge. Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Ravens
Thanks for them there are many countries who abolished it. But is it right or should capital punishment exist? Firstly I belive capital punishment should exist because if you gonna take somebody's life it is only fair when you pay for this with your own life. Many people are thinking how cruel it is for a criminal but we should also think of the families that are broken apart because of the merciless acts of these criminals. Secondly it is too expensive to hold prisoners who have lifelong punishment. Especially it affects countries who are financially disadvantaged. It is not fair that taxpayers have to maintain the murders. Thirdly death penalty scares potential criminals. Many people kill another people because they want to go to prison, but if they have to pay for it with their own life maybe they reconsider it. Capital punishment must be allowed. For a cold blooded killer, capital punishment is the only true way of justice
three bottles of beer. 16. Greg Stammas was new chief in Shawshank. 17. Andy and Red both didn't like pills. 18. Normandean said that in Andy's cell was too big draught. 19. Womens who hung on Andy's cell: · Rita Hayworth until 1955 · Marilyn Monroe until 1960 · Jayne Mansfield until 1961 · Hazel Court until 1966 · Raquel Welch until 1972 · Linda Ronstadt until Andy escaped 20. Norton instituted program called 'inside-out'. It was about prisoners working outside of jail and Norton used it to get money. Prisoners were working for minimum wage and normal companies outside cannot compete with the cost of Inside-Out workers, so sometimes they offer Norton money. 21. Norton used prison library to keep Andy in line and helping him with all his schemes. 22. Tommy Williams is important to the story, because he knew guy in Rhode Island prison, who actually killed Andy's wife and her lover, and he told that story to Andy
He also develops early radio technology, but he gets little financial reward for his achievements. American socialist Edward Bellamy writes Looking Backward, a utopian science- fiction novel depicting the United States in the year 2000; in Bellamy's world, all industry had been socialized, and wealth is equitably distributed. A Belgian woodcarver publishes the song L'Internationale, with lyrics written during the Paris Commune uprising: Arise, ye prisoners of starvation/ Arise, ye wretched of the earth.... The song is adopted by the Communist Party. Five London prostitutes die (they ate poisoned grapes and were then disemboweled). Jack the Ripper is blamed, but the killer is never caught; the rumor later circulates that Queen Victoria ordered the murders to distract attention from a scandal involving her son, Prince Albert. The Finnish epic Kalevala is published for the first time in the English Language by John Martin Crawford
curtain wall and had a moat dug around it. The fortification was completed in 1280 by Edward I, who built the outer curtain wall. The Tower today is principally a tourist attraction. Besides the buildings themselves, the British Crown Jewels and a remnant of the wall of the Roman fortress are on display. Primary Functions The tower's primary function was a fortress, a royal palace, and a prison for high status and royal prisoners. It has also served as a place of execution and torture, an armoury, a treasury, a zoo, the Royal Mint, a public records office, an observatory, and since 1303, the home of the Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom.
Firstly I think that if the punishments are as weak as they are now, it won't make the criminals think. They get punished and still commit crimes. Probably the biggest punishment for a petty theft is community service which isn't much of a punishment. It gives the feeling that a person can do what he wants, live like he wants and nothing happens. Furthermore I think that the life in prison is actually quite good. A place to sleep, food and people. Many prisoners who get out of prison are not afraid to go back. They have a stable life there and they are satisfied On the other hand I strongly believe that everything starts at home. People who live in a criminal neighbourhood or in a family with criminal reputation, are not afraid of the punishments. They even find it kind of exciting and it is like a game to them. In conclusion, a big amount of the criminals would definitely think about what they did if the punishments would be harsher
things for living better. If somebodys house is looking too good, there is nice-looking car next to house or there are not so many families living in the neighbourhood and burglar can see that there is nobody in the house also, then burglar might notice, that there is a green light for him. But when thinking of proper punishment, I, for one, think that we are too lenient. At least in our country. There have been excerpts in the media of how the government wants to reform prisoners and help them getting on their feet after leaving prison. In conclusion, there are multiple reasons why people misbehave and commit crimes. It may be an outcome of social differences, an act of passion or even peer pressure. But in my opinion i think the most biggest reason why people commit crimes are because many of them do not have work and stealing is the last change they have.
went to prison Shawshank, from which no one has yet managed to escape. For the murder of his wife and her lover, Dyufreyna sentenced to life imprisonment, as all witnesses and evidence against him, but he pleaded not guilty. Almost all the events of the film take place in Shawshank - the place where people who have committed certain crimes, serving sentences of imprisonment. Here person gets one, and leaves totally different. For many prisoners, the prison is already they home, because, after spending many years, when you go out, there may be nothing left that you so dearly: no home, no family, no friends. Life there consists of routine, and again from the routine, and everyone is their own. But thanks to Andy their life becomes meaningful again. Andy Dufresne - an intelligent, educated, kind, patient and intelligent young man. At first, it seems to us that it is nothing special in itself is not that fast breaks, but this
Compare: Active: People say that Mr Ross is a millionaire. Passive 1: It is said that Mr Ross is a millionaire. Passive 2: Mr Ross is said to be a millionaire. It is used in formal style with verbs such as: say, think, believe, consider, know, claim, report, expect, understand, etc. When the action is in the past, we use the “Perfect Infinitive” (to have + PP) The fire is believed to have started last night. It was thought that two prisoners had escaped. Two prisoners were thought to have escaped. 6
law. 27. Minority groups shall have the right to enjoy their own culture, practice their religion, use their own language. Lecture 14 READING WEEK 28.10-4.11 NO CLASSES. Law of war = International Humanitarian Law (academic name) = Law of armed conflicts Jus in bello law that governs the way in which warfare is conducted IHL divided into: Geneva law protects victims of war (wounded and sick, shipwrecked, prisoners of war, civilians) Named after the 4 Geneva Conventions, from 1949 (last version of the Geneva Conventions). I wounded and sick armies, II wounded and sick shipwrecked navy, III prisoners of war, IV civilians. After that 2 additional protocols, in 1977. I international armed conflicts, II non- international armed conflicts. Very well written documents the Geneva Conventions. Basically all countries are member states
Email petitions and other online actions Partnerships with local campaigning groups Community activities Co-operation with student groups How does Amnesty International get its information? Their research teams focusing on particular countries and themes investigate reports of human rights abuses, cross checking and corroborating information from a wide variety of sources and contacts Some sources: Prisoners and others suffering other human rights abuses and their representatives Survivors of abuse and their families Lawyers and journalists Refugees Diplomats Religious bodies and community workers Humanitarian agencies and other human rights organizations Human rights defenders Who finances Amnesty International's work? Income comes from individuals the world over By way of ethical fundraising leading to
One of the most interesting things to see there is St Paul's Cathedral. It is 110 metres high. If you climb to the top of it, you'll see a wonderful view of London. The oldest building in the City is the historic White Tower, which was built by William the Conqueror in 1078. The whole group of buildings and towers is called the Tower of London. The Tower has a long, interesting history. It was a fortress, a royal palace and a prison. Many important prisoners have been executed there. Some say, that the ghosts of Anne Boleyn, Lady Jane Gray and others now live there. Nobody knows when the ravens came to the Tower of London, but an old legend says that if the ravens leave, the kingdom will fall. Today eight ravens live there, and each one has a name. No one wants the ravens to leave, so some feathers are taken away from their wings so they can't fly. At night they sleep in their cages and during day they are free to move around.
drug abuse, etc. Ended up w/ a sample of 24 college students from U.S. and Canada. Sample group randomly divided by a coin toss into a “prisoner” group and “guard” group Rahaliselt toetas US merevägi! Philip Zimbardo (1933) Vangla Consulted former prisoner who was imprisoned for 17 years; he in turn introduced the researches to other ex-convicts and correctional personnel Corridor boarded up to represent “the yard” (the only place the prisoners could go “outside”); prisoners would be blindfolded while being brought to the bathroom so that they would not escape/find a route to escape Took out doors and put up steel bars and cell numbers. Built solitary confinement Intercom system allowed guards to make public announcements and also allowed researches to “bug” the cells Total of 9 prisoners; 3 in each of the 3 cells. Ruumid ühegi aknata. Vangistamine Politsei arreteeris nn kinnipeetavad. Võeti sõrmejäljed, pildistati, anti vanglariietus
Why did Russian civil war breake out in 1918? The Russian Civil War was to tear Russia apart for three years, between 1918 and 1921. The civil war occurred because after November 1917, many groups had formed that opposed Lenin's Bolsheviks. These groups included monarchists, militarists, and, for a short time, foreign nations. Collectively, they were known as the Whites while the Bolsheviks were known as the Reds. But why did it really breake out? There were three reasons why Civil War broke out in Russia in 1918.The first reason was that there was bound to be a challenge to the Bolsheviks, who had seized power by a surprise coup. After 1918, their political opponents tried to reverse it. The Bolsheviks had many enemies. One group who wanted to destroy the Bolsheviks were the Social Revolutionaries. At first, they had supported the November Revolution. Elections had been held in November 1917 for a new government, ...
James Joyce Kerttu Puusepp Elulugu ● 2. veebruar 1882 Dublinis, Iirimaal ● Sündis haritlasperekonda ● Kümnest lapsest vanim ● 6.-20. Eluaastani õppis jesuiitide koolides ● Ülikoolis õppis keeli ja filosoofiat (“Kunstniku noorpõlveportree”) ● 1902 Kirjutas Pariisis luulet ("Kammermuusika") ● 1903-1904 Ema haigestumine ja surm; Iirimaale naasemine ● Abiellus Nora Bernacle'iga - poeg Giorgio ja tütar Lucia ● Esimese maailmasõja eest läks ta pagulusse. Sel ajal ilmus romaan “Pagulased”. ● Kannatas silmahaiguse all, mis hiljem lõppes pimedusega. ● Suri 13. Jaanuar 1941 Zürichis James Joyce Joyce’i looming Vähemalt 12 teost, millest kuulsamad on kolm romaani, üks näidend, luulekogu ja novellikogu. ● 1907 Luulekogu “Kammermuusika” ● 1914 Esimene romaan “Dublinlased”- kodulinna vaimne ja moraalne halvatus ● 1915 Näidend “Pagulased” ● 1916 Autobiograafiline romaan “Kunstniku noorpolveportree” ● 1922 Kõige ku...
Crime & Punishment The fight between good and evil is as old as the humankind itself. Even in society there are always black sheep and these people are called 'criminals'. Although we are part of the EU and tend to be as humane as possible, we have to deal with the problem of growing numbers of people admitted to penitentiaries. One in all we have to dwelve into the mind of a criminal and find out what makes a felon tick. What forces an individual to commit crimes against others? Are we too humane and lenient? When looking for the reasons why people commit crimes I can only say what I believe to be sure of, and it is that individuals go against laws because they choose so, as criminal behaviour is a matter of choice. Today, there are many excuses cloaked as reasons for criminal behaviour. The misguided nature of these assertions has a serious impact upon crime control strategies. The classical approach h...
Alexis travelled to Crete, village name Planka. Fotini was an old woman and she had pleasure to told her a life-story of so many generations. She started telling Eleni story. She was Alexis's great grandmother. Eleni got leprosy. It was a disease, what had no cure at this far. All people, who had leprosy, were sent to a leper colony to Spinalonga. In this colony life wasn't so bad as people were expecting. However, they were like prisoners there. On this island, those who went there, they died there although. But they had a school, a church. Eleni got two daughters Anna and Maria. They were little, when their mother left. Their father, Georgiu, grew them up. Eleni had a serious cold and she died when she was about 40. Also was described World War II, what was at this time. Next generation, what was described, was Anna's and Maria's life-story. Now they had grown up. Anna married with Andreas and left form Planka
leaders, but they've only yet to break down. The Aborigines arrived in Australia at about 40,000BC, from which Tasmania was cut off by rising water levels at around 8,000BC. Convicts started being transported to Australia in 1770 which was a disaster for the Aborigines. Captain cook arrived in Botany Bay and claimed Australia for Britain. The 18th century life was hard and even small crimes were severe in Britain. Sometimes prisoners would be sentenced to transportation. After the American War of Independence (17751783) transportation wasn't possible anymore and the government began looking for another place for the transportees which was selected to be Botany Bay. On 13.05.1787 11 ships set sail from Portsmouth. 759 convicts were on board, most of them guarded with Captain Arthur Philip in command.The reason for founding a colony in Australia wasn't the riddance of unwanted people
in a Federation in 1901, and modern Australia came into being. History Of Australia Dutch, Portuguese, and Spanish ships sighted Australia in the 17th century. In 1616 the territory became known as New Holland. The British arrived in 1688, but it was not until Captain James Cook's voyage in 1770 that Great Britain claimed possession of the vast island, calling it New South Wales. History Of Australia Free settlers and former prisoners established six colonies: · New South Wales (1786) · Tasmania (then Van Diemen's Land) (1825) · Western Australia (1829) · South Australia (1834) · Victoria (1851) · Queensland (1859) History Of Australia Australia became known for its liberal legislation: · free compulsory education · protected trade unionism with industrial
Soon they will get to the shore and hide because of the third tribe of indians. Hamilton speaks with them and show the crew that they are harmless. Hamilton knows this tribe well. Indina tribe chief lets the crew eat and rest in their camp place. In the morning the crew climbed up on the hill and there it was .. Lost city. They crossed the bridge saw a hut and run into Spaatz and von Manteuffel. Spaatz and von Manteuffel will take the crew prisoners. Hamilton and others managed to escape and Spaatz and Manteuffle were leaving too. The suddenly the Military came and arrested the criminals. Hamilton showed his mothers and fathers grave to Manteuffel. Manteuffel said that he was going to be a dead man. So military was going to take manteuffel away but he managed to get free and jumped off the cliff. Hamilton repeated his word about being a dead man. The crew found big amount of treasures. The Lost city really existed. My opinion
1. Marie-Antoinette 2. She was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1755 She was the 15th child of Holy Roman Empress Maria Theresa and Emperor Francis I. Marie Antoinette married the future French king Louis XVI when she was just 15 years old. The young couple soon came to symbolize all of the excesses of the reviled French monarchy, and Marie Antoinette herself became the target of a great deal of vicious gossip. 3. She was hated for many things like: beauty, spending money, The Diamond Necklace incident People called her "L'Autrichienne" She was hated for her beauty and because of her eccentric personality, also because she was born in Austria. French people started to call her "L'Autrichienne" (which literally means the Austrian (woman), but also suggests the French word "chienne", meaning bitch) Also France financial crisis was blamed on her lavish spending. It is known that she lived golden life: she bought tons of clothes, diamo...
The Presentations Triinu: "The Notorious Prisoners of the Tower" Built in 1078, has been used as a fortress, Royal Palace, a prison, the home for Crown Jewels. The first prisoner was Ranulf Flambard in 1100. The only woman tortured in the Tower was Anne Askew. Guy Fawkes was prisoned 5 th November 1605, hung in 1607. Walter Raleigh was knighted, married without queen´s permission. Last prisoners were in the Tower in 1952. Rita: "Alexander Fleming" Was a pharmacologist, has graduated 6 schools, studied anti-bacterial agents, found Lysozyme accidentally in 1922 and penicillin, which changed the world, in 1928. Won Nobel Prize in 1945. Has been married twice, first wife was a trained nurse. He died in 1955 at home because of a heart attack. He had 1 child. Liis: "The Phantom of the Opera" A.L. Webber is knighted, started writing musicals in 1965, owns 7 theatres and has
By January 5, 1919 14,000 additional men had been mobilized. Estonian forces could now set to counterattack and on the first birthday of the Estonian Republic (February 24, 1919) General Laidoner could report to the Parliament that the enemy had successfully been driven out of Estonian territory. Though the Red Army was continuously supplemented it could not stop the Estonian armed forces. On counterattack the Estonian army took 6,000 prisoners of war and more than 40 cannons. The successful offensive also greatly helped Estonia's neighbors Latvia and Lithuania. On May 12, 1919 the Estonian army went on a decisive offensive and conquered Pskov on May 25. The ostentatious attack of the Red Army towards the West had failed and Soviet Russia was forced into defensive warfare. Estonia was not alone in the War of Independence. Great Britain was the first to answer
quickly as possible. To illustrate their more militant stance, they adopted the slogan "Deeds, not words". Many of the suffragettes were imprisoned for their violent and vandalizing actions. In prison, they started a hunger strike and were force fed by the guards. The authorities' policy of force feeding won the suffragettes great sympathy from the public. The government passed a law that allowed the release of prisoners who were about to die from malnourishment. A new suffrage bill was introduced in 1910, but growing impatient, the WSPU launched a heightened campaign of protest in 1912 on the basis of targeting property and avoiding violence against any person. Initially this involved smashing shop windows, but ultimately escalated to burning stately homes and bombing public buildings including Westminster Abbey. It also famously led to the death of Emily Davison as she was trampled by the King's
Material world is not designed for our enjoyment is designed for reforming our mistakes Imposing our purpose in it makes us frustrated. Such places where there is some subsistence but also suffering, are jail and hospital among others. That suffering is there does not mean there is no designer. That means designer has designed jail for particular purpose - to punish and reform the prisoners. So the scriptures explain that this material world is like a prison and hospital. When we see the design in connection with purpose then we see that the material world is perfect. When we see the design separate from purpose we will never understand how the material world is perfect. An example of perfect design: FACTORY A (human body)
peasant faces" are the enemy. Nothing about them suggests that he is fundamentally different from them or that he should have any reason to want to kill them. Many of the Russians are slowly starving, and they are stricken with dysentery in large numbers. Their soft voices bring images of warm, cozy homes to Paul's mind. But most people simply ignore the prisoners' begging, and a few even kick them. The spirit of brotherhood among the prisoners touches Paul deeply. They live in such miserable circumstances that there is no longer any reason for them to fight among themselves. Paul cannot relate to them as individual men because he knows nothing of their lives; he only sees the animal suffering in them. People he has never met, people in positions of influence and power, said the word that made these men his enemy. Because of other men, he and they are required to shoot, maim, imprison, and kill one another. Paul pushes these
3. The lift broke ......... so we had to walk up the stairs. 4. A mad man broke ......... of the high security mental hospital yesterday. 5. Thieves broke ......... The Tower of London and stole The Crown Jewels. 6. My granny broke ......... with her husband when she was 80! 7. Sorry I'm late. The bus broke ......... . 8. The European Union is threatening to break ......... trade links with Algeria. 9. Someone broke ......... our school and burnt all the exams. 10. Fifty prisoners broke ......... of the camp last night. Key No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 1. akatki minema 1. b 1. off 2. dsisse murdma 2. d 2. up 3. ekatkestama 3. c 3. down 4. cvalla pääsema 4. d 4. out 5. b lahku minema 5. a 5. into 6. c 6. up 7
freeway main road The First people in Australia were Aborigines. They arrived there about 12,000 years before from southern Asia. They had very rich forms of art, painting, song, poetry and mythology. The lives of aborigines stayed almost the same for thousands of years until the Europeans came to live in Australia in 1778. In 1770 J. Cook landed in eastern Australia and declared that it belonged to Britain. In 1778, the British government began sending the first prisoners to Australia. Overtime many people arrived from Britain and Europe. Life was difficult. There was very little water and the climate was very hard. The Europeans suffered a lot in Australia but the Aborigines suffered a lot more. Europeans stole their land and killed thousand of Aborigines. They also brought new diseases with them. In parts of Australia, not one Aborigine survived. Today aborigines continue to live in Australia but there culture in under threat
collage and they soon got married after graduated. At first, they had a happy life, but one year later, Jane's husband had extramarital relations and divorced with Jane. In a summary, what will life be in the future? Future is not to see. Just the facts: Reporter was Lisa's first job and now she was going to write an article about Gary who killed a judgment in town and Gary was sentenced to death. However, Gary said he didn't kill that man. All of Lisa's associates thought prisoners always emphasized they were innocent, so Lisa's boss just wanted her to write an article about how bad Gary was. Actually, Gary wasn't the murder; the real killer was the judgment's daughter. It's too late...Gary had been sentenced to death...... How power can do everything, even execute an innocent man. It's all our faults. We could no longer recognize the truth, and even didn't speak out. We let power to do everything.
Native Americans. ¤ over 500 nations/tribes ¤ closeness to nature ¤ europeans came for the free land ¤ less civilized ¤ they lived in teepee's ¤ they hunted buffalos for food, clothing BERENGIA- Land Bridge connecting Asia (Siberia) to Alaska 1500 km wide North to South 65 000 B.P (before the present) rised out of the sea to 40 000 B.P a wave when people came from west. 36 000-32 000 B.P arrived people CHEROKEE. Southeast U.S- their heartland, not on the ocean. Lanuage + customs + weapons-> related to IROQUIS family of nations (Iroquis lived around Great Lakes) 1300 A.D. established in South East U.S Classical Cherokee Civilization 16th-19th centuries MATERINEAL-(,,mother line") women controlled home, family, children, inheritana, clan membership. Men hunted and made babies. Cherokee Wedding Ceremony- ¤groom brings meat(,,hunter") ¤ bride brings other food (grains, berries etc.) -> prooves that she's ,,homemaker" They step on the Cere...
sword thorugh Uhlan's body and he dropped dead. Later Joe joined the communists, Monsieur Thiers, for 6 weeks. After that he was sentenced to 5 years in New Caledonia. He was really angry when he talked about the Uhlans, even though it happened a half century ago. He wished he was shot instead of put in prison. He was a political prisoner but he was treated like vulgar criminal. After that came the long journey in sailing ship with prisoners, the ship out in Melbourne, one of the officers (fellow-Corsican) enabled him to slip over the side. He swam ashore and went straight to the police station, where no one could understand him. They sent a translator to help him out, his dripping papers were examined and he was told that as long as he didn't set door on a French ship he was safe – Freedom! He was crying when he told him that. He start living the life: he cooked, taught French, swept streets, worked in the gold mines, starved,
Political Factors destruction of the Berlin Wall. United States took more interest in democratisation in South Africa, as the ANC was no longer perceived as a communist threat. When de Klerk came to power, the USA told him that within a year he must end the state of emergency, lift the ban on the liberation movement and release all political prisoners. Leadership · Mandela and de Klerk Key Negotiators Desmond Tutu `Able to work together' Trusted Moral Leader: 1984 Nobel
b) Hariduslik taust Ta käis Harvard University (lõpetas 1952 sotsiaalpsühholoogia), Stanford University (lõpetas 1949), University of Chicago. c) Selle autori teised (olulisemad) tööd ning kas need eelnesid või järgnesid praegu loetavale tekstile. · Brainwashing and Totalitarianization in Modern Society (1959) · Coercive Persuasion: A socio-psychological analysis of the "brainwashing" of American civilian prisoners by the Chinese Communists (1961) W. W. Norton (publishers) · Organizational Psychology (1980) ISBN 0-13-641332-3 · Organizational Culture and Leadership (1985) ISBN 1-55542-487-2 · Process Consultation Revisited (1999) ISBN 0-201-34596-X Suurem osa tema teostest eelnesid loetavale tekstile, mis on aastast 1996. Teosed, mis eelnesid loetavale tekstile on aastatest 1959, 1961, 1980 ja 1985
Normandy, is the original Norman stronghold. It is the central building of the Tower of London. The white tower has three small square towers and one round one. Later other buildings were added. It has served as a palace as well as a fortress, but it is as a prison that it is known best. Many people have been locked in the Tower, for religious beliefs or suspected treason. Traitors' Gate, set in the southern wall of the Tower, has steps leading down to the river Thames. Countless prisoners, including the future Queen Elisabeth I, were brought to the Tower by barge and went up the steps before being imprisoned for many it was their last moment of freedom before their death. Fortunately, Elisabeth was released from the Tower and later became Queen. Elisabeth's father, Henry VII, made the Tower the feared destination of his enemies. Sir Thomas More was beheaded there in 1535 and the King's second wife, Anne Boleyn, was beheaded on Tower Green in 1536. Six years later
church and state, and the freedom to practice one’s faith without fear of persecution, was guaranteed. That guarantee was enshrined in the First Amendment to the Constitution. Quakers The Religious Society of Friends began as a movement in England in the 17th century. Quakers have been a significant part of the movements for the abolition of slavery, to promote equal rights for women, and peace. They have also promoted education and the humane treatment of prisoners and the mentally ill, through the founding or reforming of various institutions. Quaker entrepreneurs played a central role in forging the Industrial Revolution.
The study has high experimental validity, since the procedure was standardized and the level of obedience was accurately operationalized. Triangulation (many research methods e.g. observation, survey, interview) was used. In the Stanford prison study by Zimbardo, 24 college students were put in a simulated prison and observed throughout the period of 6 days. Half of the participants were put in the role of guards and half in the role of prisoners. Already in the morning of the second day of the observation, a rebellion among the prisoners broke out. The guards got angry and frustrated and started to harass and intimidate the prisoners. They developed many strategies to strengthen their power. During the studies, some of the prisoners became so distressed that they had to leave the experiment after a few days. Even the researchers themselves and the participants' parents started acting fitting to the prison schema
· Life in Middle Colonies- Farmers lived in very small houses outside the town. Wheat, barley, rye, fruits, Clocks, watches, guns, locks, cloth, and hats Benjamin Franklin- Fire department, library, freedom of the press No college for woman and African-Americans · Southern Colonies Maryland- religious freedom North and South Carolina- arguments between the two groups Georgia- last of the 13 colonies, Place to get rid of the people in England the King did not like/want, prisoners · Life in southern colonies- Large plantations- tobacco, rice, cotton Cheap labour Slaves Primary seaports in Charleston and South Carolina · Westward expansion 1803 President Thomas Jefferson sent a secret message to Congress calling for a expedition in the west. (Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean) France owned the territory Bought for 15,000,000 Dollars ´´Free Land´´ to attract people there Gangs robbed travellers. Mexiacan origin California Gold Rush of 1849 (80,000)
and misuse of antibiotics. The vast majority of MRSA infections -- 85 percent -- are still found in hospitals and other health care settings rather than in the community. However, clusters of community-associated 2 MRSA skin infections have been found in athletes, military members, children, Pacific Islanders, Alaskan Natives, American Indians, men who have sex with men, and prisoners. Risk factors in these groups may include: · Close skin-to-skin contact · Openings in the skin such as cuts or abrasions · Contaminated items and surfaces such as clothes and athletic equipment · Crowded living conditions · Poor hygiene (although even very clean people can get staph infections) Is MRSA spreading rampantly, or is it just being monitored more closely? Staph infections have always been among the most common, and potentially the most serious,
used rum as the means of exchange. That meant that all soldiers were always drunk and made more mischief than good. 3 In 1809, a new Governor, Macquarie, began a much-needed program of restoring order in the colony. He improved the existing pattern of the roads, disbanded the New South Wales Corps and promoted exploration. Convicts were still prisoners, but if they behaved good, they could get a "ticket-of-leave", which meant that you could work for yourself. One of those convicts was Francis Greenway, who designed many famous buildings in Australia like the South Wales Parliament House for example. In the 1830's a great number of immigrants came to Australia and Aboriginals suffered badly. At the same years, the wool industry was blooming and the Merino Wool is famous even today. Gold was discovered in 1851 in Victoria and New South Wales
· 1776 - the Declaration of Independence of the United States. England didn't want to let the United States go, but people who were born in North America considered themselves as Americans. · 1769 - Captain James Cook reached the coastline of new Zealand. · 1770 James Cook discovered Australia. Australia and New Zealand were claimed for the British Crown. · 1788 James Cook landed in Queensland . 1788 was also the first penal colony. 160000 prisoners were transported from England and Ireland. · 1820 - New settlers began to arrive in New Zealand in larhe numbers. As a result, the dialects mixed. · 1840 The first official colony in New Zealand. Immigrants arrived there in 3 stages. (from Britain; from Australia and Ireland; from UK). This also resulted in the mixture of dialects. There was also a great influence of Maori. · 1795 The British arrived in South Africa and later began to settle in larger numbers.
eyes of the general public the laws will have to be adhered to and thus grounded evidence must have been obtained by then in order to be able to present it. Failing to do so and deciding to take action behind closed doors would then just be an extension of the lawlessness one has until that moment abided by and if notions could have been stretched to an extent, it now would simply become an outlaw-act. After the events of 9/11, the US government refused to allow some prisoners to testify in criminal court, which stalled the case and led to the sentence to be overturned because of a lack of evidence against who was commonly believed to be an actual terrorist. Disproportionate reasoning Joshua Dratel points to the fact that the life-saving argument of consequentialism can be applied to all situations. Criminals or drugdealers aren't tortured either, although that could as well provide information that could save lives. Deontologists state that a
Kirjandus iseseisvaks tööks: 1. Research Priorities in Forensic Mental Health, Sheilagh Hodgins, International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, Vol 1, Nr 1, Spring, 2002 kirjandus_3_1 2.Media Coverage of Homicid Involving Mentally Disordered Offenders: A Matched Comparison Study, Brian McKenna, Katey Thom, and Alexander I.F. Simpson, International Journal of Forensic Mental Health Vol 6, Nr 1 Spring, 2007 kirjandus_3_2 3. Serious mental disorder in 23 000 prisoners: a systematic review of 62 surveys. Fazel, Seena; Danesh, John. Lancet, 2/16/2002, Vol. 359 Issue 9306 kirjandus_3_3 4.Prevalences and configurations of mental disorders among institutionalized adolescents. Anckarsäter, Henrik; Nilsson, Thomas; Ståhlberg, Ola; Gustafson, Mats; Saury, Jean-Michel; Råstam, Maria; Gillberg, Christopher. Developmental Neurorehabilitation, Jan-Mar2007, Vol. 10 Issue 1 kirjandus_3_4 5. Culture and Formulations of Homicide: Two Case Studies. Fabrega Jr., Horacio
Rahvusvahelised suhted- politoloogia üks harusid, mille valdkond hõlmab riike ja konkreetset välispoliitikat. VPga seotud valitsusametkondade, organisatsioonide fuktsioneerimine. Hõlmab faktoreid, mis mõjutavad VP (nt geograafiat, majandust). Bütsantsi aeg- intriigide aeg, tekkis Ida-Rooma alusel. Sõbralikud suhted naabritega. Abielude diplomaatia- polnud väga edukas. Religiooni tähtsus: paganad tuleb viia ristiusku. Realismi arengule on kaasa aidanud diplomaat Machiavelli (1469-1527). Hans Morgenthau Realism- “Politics among nations” 1. rahvuslik huvi 2. jõud/võim 3. jõudude tasakaal 4. jõu kasutamine anarhilises maailmas. Egiptus ja Ramses II (Suur) ca 1290 e.m.a: Ramses II: Kuulsaim omaaja vaarao. Kadeshi lahing. Rahulepingud hetiitidega: leping oli hõbedane, ühel pool Ramsese ja Hetiitide kuninga ning teisel nende abikaasade sõnad, lepingul on sissejuhatus, sisuline pool vaidluse üle, pöördumine mitme jumala poole lepingu kinnituse...
the enemy for life and honour. So with the Celtiberians and the Cimbrians we fought as with deadly enemies, not to determine which should be supreme, but which should survive; but with the Latins, Sabines, Samnites, Carthaginians, and Pyrrhus we fought for supremacy. The Carthaginians violated treaties; Hannibal was cruel; the others were more merciful. From Pyrrhus we have this famous speech on the exchange of prisoners... Again, if under stress of circumstance individuals have made any promise to the enemy, they are bound to keep their word even then. For instance, in the First Punic War, when Regulus was taken prisoner by the Carthaginians, he was sent to Rome on parole to negotiate an exchange of prisoners; he came and, in the first place, it was he that made the motion in the Sen ate that the prisoners
cathedral. The Whispering Gallery runs around the inner dome. It gets its name because even a whisper can be heard all around it. The Tower of London · First builders: Bishop of Rochester, William Conqueror, William III · 1st usage fortress and a palace · 1st prison was Wakefield Tower · Executions: high-profile criminals; beheaded at Tower Hill · Ravens guarding, if left, kingdom would perish · Beefeaters · Safeguard jewels, guard prisoners, tour guides · Origin unknown, payment beef, veal, mutton etc. · Guarding Tower of London since 1485 · Live in fortress, must have a home outside too · Ravenmasters take care of Ravens The City of Westminster The history of the City of Westminster dates back to the late Saxon time. Edward the Confessor built Westminster Palace and Westminster Abbey, starting the history of Westminster. The political power is focused in the City of Westminster, as the City is a
on õigus sellele, et teda loetakse süütuks kuni tema süülisuse kindlakstegemiseni seaduslikus korras avalikul kohtulikul arutamisel, kus talle on tagatud kõik võimalused kaitseks. EIÕK artikkel 6 lõkest 2 aga tuleneb, et igaüht, keda süüdistatakse kuriteos, peetakse süütuks seni, kuni tema süü ei ole seaduse kohaselt tõendatud. Süütuse presumptsiooni Eesti õiguses 49 Murdoch, J., The treatment of prisoners: European standards. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing 2006, lk 175. 50 Sama. 51 Stubbs, J. Re-examining Bail and Remand for Young People in NSW. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 2010 nr 3, lk 486. 52 Octigan, M. Pre-Trial Services: Someone Else´s Agenda? Probation Journal 2002 nr 1, lk 19. 22 sätestab PS § 22, millest tuleneb, et kedagi ei tohi käsitada kuriteos süüdi olevana enne, kui
Question loyalty to socialism. Vast disproportion w J-sounding names. Ended 50s. Mid-50s, almost complete cessation of anti-Semitic statements from above. Resurrection of state Yiddish Theatre, 55, network. Birobidzhan, Chernowitz, Minsk. Doesn't look like it used to in hey-day, biggest figures were gone. Audience disappearing. Cultural platform, in true market economy may not have survived, SU propping up. Counterbalance, easing of pressures. Political prisoners freed. Antisemitism grew more from below. Minor pogroms in EE, Czechoslovakia and Romania. Farther E, less anti-Semitism fewer Js, less history. Islam there more tolerant. W Ukraine, perhaps always will be anti-Semitism. Protests in Maidan? Putin called protests in Ukraine pogroms. Fascist, may not mean intellectual offspring of Hitler. More way of life or rule, mob forcibly overthrowing elected governments. Threat of perpretual war, such people never satisfied.
It became clear early in the conflict that the Chinese treated captives quite differently than did their allies, the North Koreans, who favored harsh punishment to gain compliance. Specifically avoiding the appearance of brutality, the Red Chinese engaged in what they termed their "lenient policy," which was, in reality, a concerted and sophisticated psycho- logical assault on their captives. After the war, American psychologists questioned the returning prisoners intensively to determine what had occurred, in part be- cause of the unsettling success of some aspects of the Chinese program. For ex- ample, the Chinese were very effective in getting Americans to inform on one another, in striking contrast to the behavior of American POWs in World War II. For this reason, among others, escape plans were quickly uncovered and the escapes themselves almost always unsuccessful. "When an escape did occur," wrote psy-
everything he thinks about war and american society. The protagonist is billy pilgrim. The action takes place in the 1960's, but billy pilgrim recalls certain events that happened before, in the war. Recalls his capture by the germans, he is forced to stay in dresden during its destruction. How this event influenced his future life. In this sense the novel is partly autobiographical. The title of this book is important, because billy and other prisoners of war are housed in dresden in a slaughterhouse, numbered 5. When the bomb raid begins, they find shelter in the deep freeze areas, this is how they survive when 100 350 people die in dresden. When they come out of the slaughterhouse, dresden looks like a surface of moon. They are saved in the place of slaughter. This already raises moral and philosophical questions about the book, facists have destroyd many cities in europe, russia and sent millions to death. does
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