The Passive Voice Table of Contents The Passive Voice................................................................................. 2 Tenses in the Passive Voice ................................................................ 2 Modal Verbs and Future in the Passive Voice ................................. 3 The Passive with ’get/have’ ................................................................ 4 When to use the Passive ..................................................................... 5 Verbs with two objects ........................................................................ 5 The Passive with ’by/with’ .................................................................. 6 Talking about what other people say ................................................ 6 The Passive Voice The subject is the starting point of the sentence, the thing we are talking about
PRESENT SIMPLE PASSIVES am/is/are + verbi III vorm PAST SIMPLE PASSIVE was/were + verbi III põhivõrm FUTURE SIMPLE PASSICE will + be + verbi III põhivorm PRESENT PERFECT PASSIVE has/have + been + verbi II põhivorm PAST PERFECT PASSIVE had + been + verbi III põhivorm PRESENT PROGRESSIVE PASSIVE am/is/are + being + verbi III põhivorm PAST PROGRESSIVE PASSIVE was/were + being + verbi III põhivorm
Passive voice Umbisikuline tegumood Kui tegija pole oluline või pole teada. The Present Simple Passive am is + III pv are Examples: I am watched. A book is read. Marks are given. The Past Simple Passive was were + III pv Examples: I was watched. A book was read. Marks were given. The Future Simple Passive will be + III pv Examples: I will be watched. A book will be read. Marks will be given. The Future Simple Passive in the Past would be + III pv Examples: I would be watched.
PASSIVE SENTENCES Active (subject+verb) Passive (object+verb) Present Simple Passive am/is/are + III PV She writes books. The books are written _________ Present Continuous Passive am/is/are + being + III PV She is writing a book. The book is being written.______ Present Perfect Passive Have/has + been + III PV She has written a book. The book has been written._____ Past Simple Passive was/were + III PV She wrote a book. The book was written._________ Past Continuous Passive was/were + being + III PV She was writing a book. The book was being written.____ Past Perfect Passive had + been + III PV She had written a book. The book had been written._____ Future Simple Passive will + be + III PV She will write a book. The book will be written.______ Future Perfect Passive
Passive houses OK, so let´s get started. Good afternoon everyone, my name is Kristiina, I´m a second year student here at Tallinn University of Technology and I´m standing here in front of you to talk about the ,,passive houses I will inform you about their magnitude and percentage nowadays and also talk about the potential difficulties that might appear when building a passive house". But I´ll start off by giving you an overview of the term. The definition of a passive house is based on its extremely low energy need. Passive houses consume less than a quarter of energy required for a standrard building, as a result reducing its ecological footprint. So it´s a ultralow energy building which requires little energy for space heating or cooling. Sounds appealing right? Sustaining the earth for our future generations and also in the long run benefit
active I (-es) writes is + III II (-ed) wrote was + III has + III has written has been + III is/was + ing is writing is/was being + III had + III had written had been + III will have + III will have written will have been +III will/can + I will write will/can be + III active passive I (-es) is + III II (-ed) was + III has + III has been + III is/was + ing is/was being + III had + III had been + III will have + III will have been +III will/can + I will/can be + III active writes wrote has written is writing
Pr. Simple He paints the houseHe has the house painted Pr. ContHe is painting the houseHe is having the house painted Past SimpleHe painted the houseHe had the house painted Past ContHe was painting the houseHe was having the house painted Future SimpleHe will paint the houseHe will have the house painted Future ContHe will be painting the houseHe will be having the house painted Present PerfectHe has painted the houseHe has had the house painted Pr. Perfect ContHe has been painting the houseHe has been having the house painted. Past PerfectHe had painted the houseHe had had the house painted Past Perf. ContHe had been painting the houseHe had been having the house painted. InfinitiveHe must paint the houseHe must have the house painted -ing formIt's worth painting the houseIt's worth having the house painted.
PASSIVE VOICE Active: S + V + O Passive: S + Be + PP(V3ed) + by + O (tense) EX: My father planted this tree last year. This tree was planted by my father last year. TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Simple Present Tense Active: S + V(s/es) + O Passive: S + am/is/are + PP + by + O EX: He reads books every day. Books are read (by him) every day. TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Present Continuous Tense Active: S + am/is/are + Ving + O Passive: S + am/is/are + being +PP + by + O EX: He is writing a novel at the moment. A novel is being written (by him) at the moment. TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Present Perfect Tense Active: S + Has/Have + V3ed + O Passive: S + has/have + been +PP + by + O EX: He has just finished a novel. A novel has just been finished (by him). TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES
PASSIVE VOICE TEST FOR FORM 10 NAME: Task 1. Turn active voice sentences into passive voice. Only keep the agent (by phrase= where absolutely necessary. Please remember that tense form (tegusõna aeg) should remain the same when the sentence is transformed into passive. E.g. Chimps eat bananas (Present Simple Active) Bananas are eaten by chimps. (Present Simple Passive) They were playing the piano. (Past Continuous Active) Piano was being played. (Past Continuous Passive) 1. They will finish the house next month. 2. The house will be finished next month. 3. Susan has completed the essay. 4. The essay has been completed by Susan. 5. People should have left the bird alone. 6. The bird should have been left alone. 7
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Tense form Active voice Passive voice Present Simple I greet him every day. He is greeted every day. Present Continuous I am greeting him. He is being greeted. Present Perfect I have greeted him today. He has been greeted today. Present Perfect Continuous I have buun greeting him. He has been greeted today. Past Simple I greeted him yesterday. He was greeted yesterday. Past Continuous I was greeting him
Pr.S. He writes the letters The letters are written (by him) Pr.C. He is writing the letters The letters are being written Pr.P. He has written the letters The letters have been written P.S. He wrote the letters The letters were written (by him) P.C. He was writing the letters The letters were being written P.P. He had written the letters The letters have been written F.S. He will write the letters The letter will be written by him. F.C. He is writing the letters The letters will being written F.P. He will have written the letters The letters will have been written Modal He should write the letters The letters should be written am/is/are + V ed/IIIpp am/is/are + being + pp have/has + been + pp was/were + pp was/were + being + pp had + been + pp will be + pp will + being + pp will have + been + pp modal + be + pp
TENSE FORMS Active Passive Present Simple He studies art. Art is studied. Present Continuous He is studying art Art is being studied. Past Simple He studied art. Art was studied. Past Continuous He was studying art. Art was being studied. Future Simple He will study art. Art will be studied.
AVTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE PRESEN PAST FUTURE PRESEN PAST FUTURE T T v do V+ed II am was will be v+ed v+s does did Will+v is v + ed were +ed are am Was/ Will be + am Was/were + is + v + were+v+ing v + ing is being + ed _ ing being+ed are are have Had+v+ed Will+have have HAD BEEN WILL + +v + v+ed has + v+ed HAVE +ed/III been+ed BEEN+v+ed has Have Had been Will+ Has +v+ing have been _ _ _ +been/ + v+ing +v+ing
Active Voice, Passive Voice There are two special forms for verbs called voice: 1. Active voice subject verb object active > Cats eat fish. 2. Passive voice The active voice is the "normal" voice. This is the voice that we use most of the time. You are probably already familiar with the active voice. In the active voice, the object receives the action of the verb: The passive voice is less usual. In the passive voice, the subject receives the action of the verb: subject verb object passive < Fish are eaten by cats. subject verb object active Everybody drinks water. passive Water is drunk by everybody.
garden. Kui me tahame teada, kes või mis oli tegija, saame moodustada passiivi küsimuse Who/ What ... by?: Who was the book written by? Passiivi moodustatakse be (is/ was jne) + mineviku kesksõna (past participle) ehk III põhivorm (done/ cleaned/ seen jne). Aktiivilause sihitisest saab passiivilause alus. Aktiivilause tegusõna jääb samasse ajavormi, kuid muutub passiivseks. Aktiivilause alus ehk tegija jäetakse ära või pannakse lause lõppu prepositsiooni by järele: Present simple passive am/ is/ are + III pv (cleaned/ seen jne) Many accidents are caused by careless driving. Present simple active: Somebody cleans this room every day. passive: This room is cleaned every day. Past simple passive was/ were + III pv (cleaned/ seen jne) We were woken up by a loud noise during the night. Past simple active: Somebody cleaned this room yesterday. passive: This room was cleaned yesterday. These rooms were cleaned yesterday.
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ought to shall shan't should will won't would wouldn't Can and be able to: · Can you play the piano? · I'm not able to come to the game on Friday. Must and have to: · The tennis match must be over by now. (I'm sure it is). · I have to get up early tomorrow to catch the train to the office. 9. The passive voice: The Passive uses the SUBJECT + TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE Subject verb `to be' past participle Simple present: The house is cleaned every day. Present continuous: The house is being cleaned at the moment. Simple past:
the Iron Age, Sõnadega- värvid-red tähistused- Mardi Gras morning,afternoon,station,city, village,supermarket,beach Omaduss mis iseloom gruppi NB!! the Golden Gate Bridge inimesi- the poor,the blind,the ....Annie's Café .... The only people sick,the eldery English, the English language the Second World war, aga World War II Tense/verActive Passive b form Present I pv+es I walk/he walks Am/is/are+III pv House is built simple every day (every every month. (ehitatakse) -week,day,summer,ofte n, usually,always,nowaday s) Present Am/is/are+ing I am Am/is/are+being+IIIpv A house is Continuoworking. He is eating. being built. (ehitatakse praegu) us (now,at the moment, presently) Past II pv. He left after lunch. Was/were+III pv A house was built.
Future 1 Active: Rita will write a letter Passiv: A letter will be written by Rita Past Perfect Active: Rita had written a letter Passiv: A letter had been written by Rita TENCE FORM ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE Present Simple/Indefinite I pv (he, she, it I pv + -s) am/is/are + III pv Past Simple/indefinite II pv. or -ed was, were + III pv Future Simple/Indefinite will+I pv will be + III pv Present am/is/are + -ing am/ is/are being + -ing Progressive/continuous Past progressive/continuous was, were + -ing was, were being + III pv
............................................................................................................................................. 6 Active & passive (isikuline ja umbisikuline kõneviis) ................................................................
Get/ Have something TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE WHEN? done Present Simple Am/is/are + Every day, year, often, I pv + do/does Have/ get + sth+ III pv Lihtolevik III pv usually, always
1. Active/Passive Active - the professor teaches the students. Passive - The students are taught by the professor 2. Present Simple [VERB] + s/es in third person. Tegevus on korduv või tavapärane. You speak English. I play tennis. Cats like milk. The train leaves tonight at 6 PM. I am here now. Active= Once a week, Tom cleans the car. Passive= Once a week, the car is cleaned by Tom. 3. Present Continuous [am/is/are + present participle]. Tegevus toimub/ei toimu praegusel hetkel. You are watching TV. You are learning English now. I am studying to become a doctor. I am meeting some friends after work. Active= Right now, Tom is writing the letter. Passive= Right now, the letter is being written by Tom. 4. Past Simple [VERB+ed] or irregular verbs. Tegevus algas/lõppes minevikus täpsel ajal. . You called Debbie. I saw a movie yesterday. I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim. I lived in Brazil for two year...
Passive voice Umbisikuline tegumood Kui tegija pole oluline või pole teada. · The Present Simple Passive am is + III pv are Examples: I am watched. A book is read. Marks are given. · The Past Simple Passive was were + III pv Examples: I was watched. A book was read. Marks were given. · The Future Simple Passive will be + III pv Examples: I will be watched. A book will be read. Marks will be given. · The Future Simple Passive in the Past would be + III pv Examples: I would be watched. A book would be read. Marks would be given. · The Present Progressive Passive am is + being + III pv are Examples: I am being watched. A book is being read. Marks are being given. · The Past Progressive Passive was were + being + III pv Examples: I was being watched. A book was being read. Marks were being given. · The Present Perfect Passive have has been + III pv
finite: the 3rd person singular present tense: She walks a mile every day. 3. the -ing participle: calling, singing, walking, etc. non-finite: a) the progressive aspect: He's reading a book now. b) ing clauses: Calling early, I found her at home. 4. the past form: called, sang, walked, etc. finite: the past tense: I walked a mile yesterday. 5. the -ed participle: called, sung, walked, etc. non-finite: a) the perfect aspect: He has called twice today. b) the passive voice: Her sister is called Sally. c) ed participle clauses: Called early, he ate a quick breakfast. Lexical classification: Fragment Lexical class My article father noun gave verb me pronoun a article nice adjective gift noun Finite and non-finite verb phrases: The non-finite forms of the verb occur not only in non-finite verb phrases, but also in non- initial positions in finite verb phrases (e.g. She [is reading]VP a book now).
TEGUSÕNA PASSIIVI AJAD Present Present Simple Continuous Present Perfect AM + BEING + III HAVE/HAS + BEEN + OLEVIK AM/IS/ARE + III pv pv III pv nt. I am often invited to nt.She is being nt. They have been parties. manipulated. silenced by her sharp tongue. Passiivi Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect kasutatakse WAS + BEING + III samadel asjaoludel, MINEVIK WAS/WERE + III pv pv HAD + BEEN + III pv mil akti...
He won't get up at 7 2 Tulevik, mille suhtes teeme tomorrow. otsuse praegu. What time will you get up 3 Tulevikusündmuste tomorrow? oletamine/ennustamine. PRESENT PAST Active + He/She + s + II pv/-ed -/? Do/Does -/? Did + I pv. Passive Am/Is/Are + III pv. Was/Were + III pv. (,,BY"- NÕUAB 99% PASSIVE AEGA!!) AJAVORMI MOODUSTAMINE KASUTAMINE; SAGEDAMINI NIMETUS ESINEVAD AJAMÄÄRUSED. THE PRESENT SIMPLE I pv. ( + s ) ; Do/Does Tegevus toimub korduvalt ja on Lihtolevik live,goes. harjumuspärane. Every day, usually, often, sometimes, always. THE PAST SIMPLE II pv. ; did Tegevus toimus minevikus. Yesterday, last
USING: 1) After some adjectives (happy to+v.., wrong to+v..) 2) To express purpose (She went to Spain to meet her friend.) 3) After some nouns ( decision to+v.., time to+v.., wish to+v..) 4) After some main verbs ( appear, agree, ask, begin, choose, decide, expect, happen, help, hope, learn, like, love, mean, offer, prepare, promise, refuse, remember, start, try, want..) USING 1) After some main verbs (let,make, hear, see, watch, feel, notice, help...) In passive sentences make, hear, help are followed by an infinitive with to! Let > allowed in passive sentence My parents let me stay out late. I am allowed to stay out late by my parents. 2) After modal verbs (can, could, may, must, shall, should, will, would) 3) After would rather/had better (You'd better come in now.) 1) Can't bear/stand, like, hate, love, prefere Used with infinitive more specifical situation with gerund more general situation 2) Remember, forget
Future simple future continious future perfect + will + 1. pv , ametlik shall +will be + 1. pv +will have ja 3.pv -will+not + 1. pv - will not be + 1pv -will not have ja 3.pv ?will + 1. pv ?will be + 1.pv ?will ja 3pv am/is/are 1pv am/is/are + not going to 1. pv am/is/are + www.englishpage.com 9 ajavormi active and passive
future to + · what you think what will happen I'm going to go infinitive he's going to go Present Simple Passive Past Simple Passive Am/is/are + III põhivorm/-ed was/were + III põhivorm/-ed Estonia is inhabited mostly by Estonians and Russians This house was built 7 years ago
List of teenage problems · Skin problems : acne, cellulite, dandruff · Body hair : shaving, bubic hair · Smoking : passive smoking, second hand smoking, waterpipe · Alcohol : friends who drink, should/ should not drink, drinking parents · Drugs : caffeine, taurine, prescription drug abuse, marihuana · Family problems : alcoholic parent, divorce, bad relationships with siblings · Weight problems : bulimia, anorexia and other eating disorders, diets · Nutritional problems : lactose intolerance, allergies, diabetes, vegeterian or carnivorus
FORMAL LETTER 120 (+/-10%) words I It is a formal letter. Do not use any contracted forms (don’t, can’t, I’m etc.)! II * Dear Mr. Smith / Dear Ms. Smith (No first name!!!) * Kui teame nime, siis lõpp – Yours sincerely ja ülesandes antud nimi * Kui nime pole öeldud, siis – Dear Sir or Madam * Kui nime ei tea, siis lõpus Yours faithfully ja ülesandes antud nimi Do not use your own name!!! Te olete kas Jürid või Marid, Urved või Urmased jne. Enamasti Mart Mets või Mari Mets TYPES OF LETTERS 1) Asking for advice I am writing to ask if you could help me with … I am writing to ask for your advice … Closing line: I would appreciate if you could give me your advice as soon as possible. I look forward to receiving your advice … 2) Giving advice I am writing in reply to your letter asking advice about …. Making suggestions: I would suggest that ..., I would advise you to … ...
Thomas´s skis 9) her parents´ camera 2) NUMBER + NOUN ADJECTIVES Numbrist ja nimisõnast koosnevad omadussõnad Reeglid ja näited TV lk 30 WB p 34 ex 5a tee see harjutus! Vastused harjutusele 5a: 2) a five-week holiday 3) a hundred-year-old house 4) a ten-day trip 5) a half-hour bus ride 6) a three-star hotel 7) a 20-minute queue 8) a four-page letter 9) a 1,000-piece puzzle 10) a 15-member team 3) PASSIVE VOICE AM/IS/ARE + III PÕHIVORM WAS/WERE + III PÕHIVORM Tee TV lk 36 h 8! Vastused: 1) was attended 2) are soaked 3) were damaged 4) should be baked 5) weren´t hurt 6) is meant 7) were flooded 8) can be booked 9) were surveyed, were published 10) can be hired EXERCISE PASSIVE VOICE Pane laused passiivi! 1) My great-grandfather built this house. 2) The policeman stopped the car. 3) In Canada people speak English and French. 4) The car killed his dog.
Charles dickens was a nineteenthcentury author whose work is well known today. One of the reasons Dickens remained so popular is that so many of his stories are remains available not only as books but also as movies, plays, and television productions. We all knew from our childhood the famous story of uncle Scrooge and Tiny Tim. know We often saw a television version of A Christmas Carol at see holiday time. Voice: Passive v. Active (pg 225) In the active voice, the subject is doing something. Subject Verb The committee made the decision. _________ _____ In the passive voice, something is being done to the subject. Subject Verb The decision was made by the committee. _______ _________ Why choose one over the other? In general, choose the active voice to achieve direct, economical, and forceful
It is time to leave. He has no wish to become involved in the matter. To express purpose I went to London to see my aunt. The infinitive without to The infinitive without to is used: After some main verbs Followed by an object + infinitive without to (let, make, hear, help, see) He made me repeat the exercise. Her parents won`t let her stay out late. I heard her play in Milan. WATCH OUT! In passive sentences make, hear, help are followed by an infinitive with to. He was made to report to the police. Let can not be used in the passive form. Instead, allowed must be used. My parents let me stay out late. I am allowed to stay out late by my parents. After modal verbs You must leave now. After would rather/had better You would better come in now. Verbs followed by a gerund or to-infinitive with a difference in meaning
· Passiivi kasutatakse siis, kui tegija on teadmata või tema mainimine ei ole oluline. MOODUSTAMINE Passiivi ajavormid moodustatakse be pöördelistes vormidest antud ajas ja lisatakse põhiverbi mineviku kesksõna (Past Participle). Kui tegija on teada ja tahetakse teda ära mainida, siis kasutatakse eessõna by, millele järgneb tegija. Ajavorm Aktiiv Passiiv Tense form Active voice Passive voice Present simple Mary teaches me. I am taught by Mary. Present cont. Mary is teaching me. I am being taught by Mary. Present perf. Mary has taught me. I have been taught by Mary. Present perf. cont. Mary has been teaching me. I have been taught by Mary. Past simple Mary taught me. I was taught by Mary. Past cont
Cranmer. Principal among the reasons is the obvious one that once the extensive context is understood, it is easier to concentrate on the detail of individual words. Large-scale vocabulary building is, in general terms, therefore better done after the text has been presented. (Cranmer 1986:60) Another important reason is that it is possible at this stage to exploit the new lexis in its own right, not just as a means comprehension, If we are to bring new vocabulary into active use and not just passive understanding, it is not sufficient for us just to teach it. It should be done in a way, so that teachers should be sure that it is learnt and used. If the words are taught after the target text, then the meaning of the words will be more understandable. In this case, the `matching' is the best thing to learn new words. The definition will be given to a learner and he/she has to find the word with the identical meaning in the text.
Peaceful hippies They put maple syrup on EVERYTHING They don't have roads Canadians drive dog sleds everywhere They have monopoly money They have no army They have beavers everywhere They have police horses They are afraid of dark They are all lumberjacks They have a lot of geese They don't lock their front door when they are at home They have a lot of mooses Canadians are polite and respectful. Canadians are passive and boring. Canadians don't have much to be patriotic Canadians have a very subdued form of patriotism. about. Canadians are afraid to express Canadians are moderates. controversial opinions.
Smoking Should Be Banned in All Public Places Many people nowadays think that it is normal to see people smoking on the streets. But isn't this a bad way to picture our everyday life? It is certainly tue that treating people with smoking-related illnesses costs millions of dollars a year. Many people who have gone down the road of smoking don't have enough money to pay for their treatment. Another point in favour of banning smoking in all public places is the fact that passive smoking is very harmful. A lot of people and not only adults but children too who don't smoke may not even have an idea that being close to a smoking person can be very dangerous. One argument against is that the police has better things to do than to enforce a smoking ban. Smoking is something that all people won't just quit and the trouble for the police for punishing all of them is just too big in quantity. Also you can't force people to stop smoking if they don't want to
mineviku sünmdustest ja millest vananemine eeldatavalt vähendab majanduslikult kasulikke ressursse. Omakapital jääkosalus ettevõtte varas pärast kõigi kohustiste mahaarvamist. Bilanss raamatupidamisaruanne, mis kajastab teatud kuupäeva seisuga raamatupidamiskohustuslase vara ja vara finantseerimise allikaid (kohustisi ja omakapitali). See koosneb kahest osast: 1. Vara ehk aktiva 2. Vara finantseerimise allikad ehk kohustised ja omakapital ehk passive Käibevara Põhivara Raha Pikaajalised finantsinvesteeringud Lühiajalised finantsinvesteeringud Kinnisvara investeeringud Nõuded ja ettemaksed Materiaalsed põhivarad Varud Bioloogilised varad Bioloogilised varad Immateriaalsed põhivarad Kohustised Omakapital
Active Present Past Future Simple I work II (-ed) Will + I usually Don’t work Didn’t work Will not work Continuous am/is/are + V-ing Was/were + V-ing Will+be+V-ing Продолжитель. Isn’t working now Wasn’t working Won’t be working Perfect Have/has + III Had + III ...
It's a small country beside the Baltic Sea. Our neighbours are Finland, Russia, Latvia and Sweden. Estonia's surface area is 45,227 square kilometres. The population of Estonia is around 1,3 million. We have four seasons in Estonia. The air is very humid and it rains quite often, especially in spring and autumn. We usually have long winters and plenty of snow, but sometimes we haven't even had snow. Summers are mostly warm and beautiful in Estonia. In winter our nation is mostly very passive, becouse it is quite cold in outside, we are like bears who sleep in winter, but we still go to school and work even if we are like so tired and don't wanna go out. Our winter is like too long and people are starting to miss summer,sun, beach and ice cream what you will eat in a hot summerday. It is quite sad becouse our summer is very short and winter is so long. But when comes spring we are starting to wake up, becouse of sun, it warms us up and we are
Writing letters Formal letters institutions, strangers Semi-formal letters - acquaintances Informal letters friends, family Layout Always in paragraphs A paragraph starts with a space, which is as wide as your finger No empty rows Block style in the content of the letter Greeting and farewell on the left side The greeting and farewell have the same style Dear..................... ........................................................................ ............................................................................. ......................................................... ........................................................................ ............................................................................. ............................................................................. .........................................................................
mostly like to think of myself as a positive person. I always seem to surprise people with my "can-do" attitude and smiley face, especially in severe or akward situations. I tend to believe that there's always something good in bad and that things will always turn out well, no matter how hopeless circumstances might be. Some of my friends, as well as couple of my family members are strong pessimists. While spending time with them I feel how their negative and passive attitude is slowly starting to affect me too. I wish it would be the other way round - I'd affect them with my positivity. But I guess unfortunately I adopt different attitudes a lot more easily rather than spreading mine forwards. I think attitudes vary when it comes to different nationalities and cultures. While travelling, I've noticed how different people actually could be, and it depends quite much on where they are from. I think a lot of people would agree with me if
You, they You, they I K Will be + verb III I will be asked. I will have been asked. Will I be asked? Will I have been asked? I will not been asked. I will not have been asked. Active Passive Once a week, Tom cleans the Once a week, the house is cleaned Simple Present house. by Tom. Present Right now, Sarah is writing the Right now, the letter is being Continuous letter. written by Sarah. Simple Past Sam repaired the car. The car was repaired by Sam. The salesman was helping the The customer was being helped by Past
Tarbijakäitumine 1. TARBIJAKÄITUMISE OLEMUS JA PÕHIMUDELID 1.1. Tarbijakäitumise ja tarbija olemus Tarbija on lõpptoote või teenuse kasutaja. Tarbija ei ole alati toote ostja ja kasutaja. Isik, kes ostab toote endale või oma perele tarbimiseks. Inimesed erinevad üksteisest vanuse, sissetuleku, hariduse, elulaadi jm alusel ning see mõjutab nende ostutoiminguid. Tänapäeva tarbijale iseloomulikud käitumistunnused: x valib teadlikult, esitab kõrgeid nõudmisi x soovib tooterühmast parimat x nõudlik toote suhtes ja teadlik kvaliteedist x ostab maitsest lähtuvalt x ostab ehtsaid tooteid x kaubanduse suhtes kriitiline x nõudlik teeninduse suhtes x soovib proovida uusi asju x skeptiline reklaami suhtes x hindab isikupära. Tarbijakäitumise all mõistetakse toodete ostmise ja tarbimisega seotud nähtusi. Tarbijakäitumise mõistmist on vaja toodete segmentimisel ja positsioonimisel, t...
Karl Sepp LABORATOORNE TÖÖ NR 1 Õppeaines: LISA- JA MUGAVVUSSEADMED Transporditeaduskond Õpperühm: AT 51 Juhendaja: lektor Henri Vennikas Esitamiskuupäev:……………. Üliõpilase allkiri:…………….. Õppejõu allkiri: ……………… Tallinn 2015 1 SISSEJUHATUS 9. Septembril Tallinna Tehnikakõrgkooli D101 ruumis toimunud labori ülesandeks oli välja selgitada etteantud sõiduki lisa- ja mugavusseadmed ja nende komponentide tuvastamine. Samuti tööpõhimõtete kirjeldamine olemasolevate teadmiste põhjal. Meie grupile seati ülesandeks tutvuda lähemalt Toyota Avensise SRS süsteemiga, samuti otsisime üles kõik ülejäänd lisa- ja mugavusseadmed. 2 SÕIDUKI TEHNILISED ANDMED Mark: Toyota Mudel: Avensis 2.0d Aasta: ~1997 Keretüüp: luukpära Joonis 1 – Toyota Avensis ...
Applying treatment before stretching exercises will increase the efficiency of the treatment Massage ...can relieve the pain and prevent adhesions in the subcutaneous tissues Applied with heat treatment before stretching exercises Reccomended as a relaxtion therapy Therapeutic exercises ...form the basis of the treatment for children with JIA. Aquatic exercises, positioning, passive ROM exercises, and isometric exercises Exercises performed to improve aerobic capacity should be moderate in intensity and should not last more than 30 minutes per day Stretching exercises to improve ROM. The stretching exercises must be continued for a 10-second period, 5 to 10 times in each session twice a day the primary target should be the prevention of permanent deformities Conclusion
For instance, an American powerlifter Sarah Robles, the „strongest woman in America“ 7 encourages her students to „Lift big and lock out“8 which intensifies the joints’ capability to hyperextend. The reverse is correct as well: the more flexible one is, the less bulking muscle one has. The existing muscles are fragile and extra vulnerable to muscle tear because they are often stretched to be intensely lean. The elasticity of the body consists of three types: passive, active and dynamic flexibility. Passive flexibility is the ability to stretch while aided by one’s own body or partner. Muscles do not get extra tension while working out and the amount of work lies within the amount that muscles involved can elongate. While one is bending actively, one does it unaided. Active flexibility is performed as stretching unaided and trying to exceed the height set as target. 9 Active flexing requires using muscle
verb and subject/object) Active voice – When the subject is an agent (the doer of the action), the verb is in an active voice. For example: The cat ate the mouse. Cat is the agent and the subject. Passive voice – When the subject is patient (the person who is influenced by the action, the verb is in the passive voice. For example: The mouse was eaten by the cat. Agreement → He/she/it is sleeping. I am/ you/we are sleeping. 2.3.2 Adjectives
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