Reporti kirjutamine (13)

REPORT
What´s the purpose of the report?
A report is usually written to give information to somebody who needs it. This means that the writer knows more about the subject than the reader. You may be asked to give information, evaluate something , or make suggestions and recommendations. MAKE YOUR REPORT CLEAR AND SIMPLE .
What style should I use?
A report is based on facts and/ or data. Think carefully about the best way to present the facts. Be clear and avoid unnecessary detail. Give essential information and recommendations. A report is a formal piece of writing and it is impersonal (avoid using the pronoun “ I “). Say what you have to say in as few words as possible.
How should I structure a report?
Every report, like an essay , should have the following parts:

INTRODUCTION - state what you are going to write about. If the report is based on a survey , state when and by whom the survey was carried out.
phrases to use→ The aim of this report is to …..
This report will examine/ consider / compare….
This report is intended to ……
It is based on a survey which was conducted/ carried out….

BODY PARAGRAPHS- present the facts in a logical, organized way. Use sub-headings if necessary. Don´t discuss more than 3/4 aspects. Give some description and explanation.
phrases to use→ Since / As…..
For this reason/ these reasons…..
According to the survey……
Surprisingly/ Oddly/ Strangely/ Probably…..
The graph /diagram/survey suggests/ shows …..
The cause for …..
The majority believe/ think…..
sharply/rapidly/gradually….
Three out of 20 students ……
The general tendency is ….
However / On the one/ other hand….

CONCLUSION - sum up the body paragraphs and if you are asked to give your opinion, do so in the conclusion.
phrases to use→ To sum up, it can be said ……
In conclusion we can say…..
In general…..
On balance, it seems that…
Sample task: Write a report describing the changes in the number of pupils in Simuvere Gymnasium over the period of ten years from 1989-1998. Give reasons for the changes. Use the data from the bar chart and the notes below.
(150-200 words)
Notes:
1988-1989→ baby boom
1990→ two nearby schools closed
1997→ the local dairy closed
1998→ high unemployment , population getting older

Sample answer :
This report will describe the changes in the number of students in Simuvere Gymnasium over the period of ten years- from 1989 to 1998.
In 1989 there were 380 students. The next year the number rose sharply, reaching 460. This was due to the fact that two nearby schools were closed and the students from these schools continued their studies in Simuvere. During the next four years the number was relatively stable.
In 1995-1996 there was a slight rise caused by the baby boom in 1988-1989. In 1996 the number was greatest , there were nearly 500 students. However, when the local dairy closed in 1997, many families moved elsewhere and the number went down considerably. In 1998 there were 450 students.
To sum up, it can be said that the number of students in Simuvere Gymnasium has changed over the years. In the next years the number will probably continue to decrease gradually as the population of Simuvere grows older. As there is high unemployment, young families will not settle in Simuvere.
References:
Jõul, M., Lätt, V., Mere, K., Sass , E., Türk, Ü., Vilu, M. 2005a. Year 12 Handbook . Argo
Haines, S., Stewart, B. 2004. First Certificate Masterclass. Student ´s Book. Oxford University Press