Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "Passive - Active tabel". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
letter, letters, modalEX: He has just finished a novel. A novel has just been finished (by him). TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Simple Past Tense Active: S + V2ed + O Passive: S + was/were + PP + by + O EX: He gave Tom a book. A book was given to Tom (by him). Tom was given a book (by him). TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Past Continuous Tense Active: S + was/were + Ving + O Passive: S + was/were + being + PP + by + O EX: He was writing a letter at 8.00 yesterday. A letter was being written (by him). TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Past Perfect Tense Active: S + had + V3ed + O Passive: S + had + been + PP + by + O EX: He had finished his homework before 8.00 yesterday. His homework had been finished (by him) before 8.00 yesterday. TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Simple Future Tense Active: S + will/shall + V + O Passive: S + will/shall + be + PP + by + O
Letters Letters FORMAL, INFORMAL, TRANSACTIONAL TASK 1 Read the extracts and answer the questions. · Where are the extracts from? · What is the purpose of each letter? · How do they differ? · Which extracts are examples of formal letters? · How is the reader addressed in a formal letter? · What are the closing remarks for formal letters? · What is the salutation in a friendly letter? · How would you end extracts 1,2,3 ? · How would you begin the extracts 4 and 5? 1. Dear Mr Miller, I received your kind invitation to the reception. Unfortunately, owing to other commitments. I will be unable to attend ... 2. Dear Ralph, l just got your invitation to the company's event. l `m afraid I can't make it because I've a/ready made plans which l can "t change ... 3. Dear Sirs,
P.S. I love you Cecilia Ahern Kristi Võrk Summary This book tells a story about a woman, who's husband had just died. Holly, the main character, is trying to get on with her life after the death of her husband Gerry. They were happily married for 12 years. A few months before Gerry's death, they found out that he had a brain tumor and he was hospitalized. Holly always stayed beside him, she quit her job so she could spend all her time with Gerry. Before his death Gerry wrote 10 letters, in them he guides Holly and helps her rediscover herself. After his death Holly got the letters from her mother. There was a big envelope, with 10 little letters inside it. All the letters had different months written on them. Every month she had to open one letter. The point of the letters was that he will always be at her side. Her best friends Denise and Sharon were also at her side, supporting her through it.
and also twice trucks have break down inside of 3 days of Autocheck servicing them. These are some of the examples of the problems we've been having though before this the work they did on our vehicles was always quite OK. We've made lots of compleints to the Autocheck Manager about the work Autocheck is doing just now and he's had more than enough chance to tell us why things have got worse but he hasn't replied any of our letters (I've attached copies) and every time one of our reps tries to get in touch with him either persinnaly face to face or in the phone, he's out. Bearing all these things in mind, you must have a look at the contract with Autocheck as soon as possible and ask the legal dept. about it. TO: Michael Jones, Transport Manager FROM: Peter Blackburn, Transport Supervisor (Field Services) SUBJECT: Deterioration in Services Provided by the Autocheck Maintenance Company DATE: 6 April 2001
They had been living in London their whole life and thus were excited but intimidated to go. Lymstock was much like any other English village, no more than 300 people. Those that live there enjoy the peace of rural life and form a union to where it can be difficult for strangers to blend in. Fortunately, it wasn't much of a problem for Jerry and Joanna. They were just getting to know the town's strange members and their characters when an anonymous letter arrived, accusing the two of not being brother and sister, but lovers. The letter started a series of poison pen letters all over the village, which destroyed the safety the villagers took for granted. Right away, they knew it wasn't true and thought somebody was doing it just for laughs. The second letter went to Mrs Symmington, the local solicitor Mr Symmington's wife. It turned out the letters were no trick at all, when she committed suicide, after reading a letter that stated
meet Count Dracula in his castle. He describes his ride and the scenery of Romania. Though finding his journey to the castle creepy, he finally meets Dracula, who seems to be very well- mannered yet awkward. He thinks Dracula is odd-looking and they never meet in daylight, also he does not seem to be eating anything. Later he finds himself as prisoner of Count but manages to escape. Next entry is by Mina, who is very worried about Jonathan and her letters to her beloved friend Lucy. Somehow she recieves a letter from Jonathan’s friend who says Jonathan is in Bulgaria. She quickly decides to go to a hospital in Bulgaria, where Jonathan is and they finally get married there. At the same time, Dracula has travelled to England and he seeks for Lucy, who has been proposed by three man, but she accepts Holmwood’s while remaining friends with the other two. Later on, Lucy starts to act very strange and dr
informal and ostensive. Exceptions are ignored and the host of minor terms are not defined—the text covers these when they come up. The plaintext is the message that will be put into secret form. Usually the plaintext is in the native tongue of the communicators. The message may be hidden in two basic ways. The methods of steganography conceal the very existence of the message. Among them are invisible inks and microdots and arrangements in which, for example, the first letter of each word in an apparently innocuous text spells out the real message. (When steganography is applied to electrical communications, such as a method that transmits a long radio message in a single short spurt, it is called transmission security.) The methods of cryptography, on the other hand, do not conceal the presence of a secret message but render it unintelligible to outsiders by various transformations of the plaintext. Two basic transformations exist
lõppkonsonant kahekordistub stop-stopped Kui tüvi lõpeb konsonant + y, muutub y i-ks cry cried Vrdl: play played 1. Tegevus, mis algas minevikus ja kestab edasi, eriti seisundiverbidega be, have, like, know etc. Tegevuse algus või kestus võib olla antud (since, for) We have known her since 1970. 2. Hiljuti lõpetatud tegevus, mille tagajärjed on näha. She has finished typing the letters. 3. Sündmused, mis toimusid mingil täpselt määratlemata ajal minevikus. Tegevuse aega ei mainita, sest see on teadmata või ebaoluline. Rõhk on tegevusel. I´ve had lunch, thank you 4. Tegevus, mis toimus teatud ajaperioodil, mis ei ole veel lõppenud; ajamäärustega today, this morning/evening/week/month etc. She has taken fifteen pictures today. 5. Ajamääruslausetes tegevus, mis lõpeb enne kindlat momenti tulevikus.
Useful language FORMAL LETTERS Letters objecting to someone's plans I am writing to express my concern /disappointment / alarm at hearing ... I was extremely alarmed/sorry/distressed to hear about your plans to ... As I think you know, ... May I point out that ... I feel I really must object to ... I am extremely concerned at the thought that ... It must be very clear that ... If these proposals go ahead, ... will happen. Another threat to ... , if these proposals go ahead, would come from ...
Any dictionary will give you the meaning of these words. No (+ Noun) and none (+ Pronoun) No and none can be used with affirmative verbs to express a negative: I have no cherries in my garden, I had some last year but I have none this year. No + Noun can be the subject of a sentence: No work was done. No letter(s) have arrived. None as the subject is possible but not very usual: Some people had been invited, but none came. We expected some letters, but there were none. None + of, however, is quite usual as the subject: None of of the tourists wanted to climb the mountain. None of of the applicants had proper qualifications. Every and each Every is used with singular countable nouns. It refers to people or things as members of a group and means all, everything, everyone, etc.: Every person has a birth certificate. 3 Each is used with singular countable nouns
WRITING LETTERS Letters of invitations Formal Informal Opening We would be honoured if you, I wish to I'm writing to invite you to, Why don't you remarks cordially invite you to, Your presence is come and spend some time, Please come required at, You are invited to attend, etc. to, I'd love it if you could come to, etc.
LETTER OF ENQUIRY An enquiry letter is what we send to a person or a company when we need more information about a product or service offered by that person or company. These letters are often written in response to an advertisement. 1. What is the intended purpose of the inquiry that I intend to write? 2. Who is the intended recipient? 3. How can I let my recipient know that I am seriously interested in their product/service/job offer? General Rules to Follow: Be polite. Be clear and organized about what you want/need to know. Express thankfulness for time and effort. The K.I.S.S. principle keep it short and simple SAMPLE LETTER Dear Ms Smith
Philip Larkin’s Poetry: Themes, Form, Style, Imagery and Symbolism Author: Sandra Olivares González Tutor: Jesús Marín Calvarro Degree in English Studies, English Department, Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, University of Extremadura Cáceres, 29th January 2016 Philip Larkin’s Poetry: Themes, Form, Style, Imagery and Symbolism The aim of this work is to obtain some characteristics of the poetry of Philip Larkin, such us the origin of his themes, the way in which he writes his poems and the symbolism he uses (which is a very controversial topic because some assume that he
addition To add emphasis: especially, in particular, particularly, more importantly To conclude/summarise: taking everything into account, all things considered, to sum up To make recommendations: I would recommend/suggest ..., one solution/recommendation would be to..., it would be a good idea to... To express cause and result: by doing this, we could..., doing this would solve the problem, in order to, so that, this would mean that, as a result, this way General outline for letters: Salutation - Paragraph 1 - Paragraphs 2, 3 - Final paragraph - Name Dear... Reason for writing development closing remarksYours... Ametlik kiri, kui saaja nimi on teada 2nd August, 2011 Dear Mr Smith, ------------------------------------------------ Yours sincerely, Mary Stevens Ametlik kiri, kui saaja nimi ei ole teada 5th September, 2011 Dear Sir/Madam, ----------------------------------------------- Yours faithfully, James Robbins
On day Lolita got sick and Hubert put her in the hospital, he was there almost all night but doctors told him to go hotel and rest a bit. In the morning when he came back he saw that Lolita was gone and his gifted flowers were on the floor. He absolutely loosed controll of himself. He started to to visit all the hotels in where they had been. He recognised the same handwritting in the several hotels but by the time he losed the them. After very many years he got a letter from Lolita in what she asked fr aome money and gave him her adres. Humbert was wrtting all the time something and hies it then in the drawer what he locked. Charlotte always asked to see them but Humbert never showed them to her because they were his feelings about Lolita. One day Charlotte broke in in his drawer and read about these feelings. She got mad and started to write letters to Lolita. Humbert came home while Charlotte was writing
hundred poems were published during her lifetime. The work that was published during her lifetime was usually altered significantly by the publishers to fit the conventional poetic rules of the time. Dickinson's poems are unique for the era in which she wrote; they contain short lines, typically lack titles, and often utilize slant rhyme as well as unconventional capitalization and punctuation. Many of her poems deal with themes of death and immortality, two subjects which infused her letters to friends. Walter Whitman Walter Whitman (May 31, 1819 March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist, journalist, and humanist. He was a part of the transition between Transcendentalism and realism, incorporating both views in his works. Whitman is among the most influential poets in the American canon, often called the father of free verse. His work was very controversial in its time, particularly his poetry collection Leaves of Grass, which was described as obscene
PASSIVE SENTENCES Active (subject+verb) Passive (object+verb) Present Simple Passive am/is/are + III PV She writes books. The books are written _________ Present Continuous Passive am/is/are + being + III PV She is writing a book. The book is being written.______ Present Perfect Passive Have/has + been + III PV She has written a book. The book has been written._____ Past Simple Passive was/were + III PV She wrote a book. The book was written._________ Past Continuous Passive was/were + being + III PV She was writing a book. The book was being written.____ Past Perfect Passive had + been + III PV She had written a book. The book had been written._____ Future Simple Passive will + be + III PV She will write a book. The book will be written.______ Future Perfect Passive will + have + been + III PV She will
1. Leiame sihitise ja muudame ta aluseks. 2. Määrame öeldise ajavormi ja asendame ta passiivi vastava ajaga 3. Leiame aluse ja muudame ta eessõna by abil sihitiseks. Example: Jane baked a cake.-active sentence A cake was baked by Jane.-passive sentence Exampple: My bike was stolen. Tence Subject Verb Object Simple Present Active: Rita writes a letter Passiv: A Letter is written by Rita Simple Past Active: Rita wrote a letter Passiv: a letter was written by Rita Present perfect Active: Rita has written a letter Passiv: A letter has been written by Rita
since Latin classes were the 10th or 11th in a day, so everyone was dead tired and braindead by that time. So we got a taste of grammar – horrible! - a bunch of proverbs! - yay, something useful for a change! - some texts – can't remember a damn thing et cetera et cetera. This concludes the languages I've learned from school. University has added some Hebrew – pretty cool, especially how it's written and how they actually added letters to the Bible without actually changing a word; and some Greek. Oh yes, there's Greek. The thing is, about ten years ago I hitch-hiked to Greece and we went around the northern parts of it, lived some time in Athens, travelled across (literally in cross-shaped) Peloponnesos peninsula and even made a short trip to Crete. Came back with very little knowledge of Greek language, though. (Although we did learn to read most of the signs). So when my course
dissimilar vowels: blood - blade, love - live, crisp grasp. These rhymes are sometimes referred to as partial rhymes or pararhymes. Compound rhymes are made up of two or more words, united by a single stress, that reproduce the sound form of a correlated word: women - two men, adorer - before her. Compound rhymes are mainly employed to evoke a humourous response. They also add a colloquial touch to the text. A peculiar property of English rhymes is eye-rhyme. It contains identical letters while vowel sounds are pronounced differently: love - grove, farm - warm, flames - Thames. Eye-rhyme is appreciated by the eye rather than by the ear. Thus, it is a property of the written poem. Internal rhymes occur within a poetic line. Head rhyme is rather uncommon. It connects the end of a line with the beginning of the next one by similar sound combinations. Head rhyme may appear in the form of stringing together lines beginning with the same sound, or syllable, or word.
........................................................................................................................................ 3 Formal letter ..................................................................................................................................
The following instances are taken from G.G. Byron's poem "Beppo": clamorous - enamour us, women - two men, adorer - before her, Verona - known a ..., fetter - beset her, Harvey - starve ye, grammar - d-n her, bottom - forgot'em. Compound rhymes are mainly employed to evoke a humourous response. They also add a colloquial touch to the text. A peculiar property of English rhymes is the so-called eye-rhyme (or sight-rhyme). It contains identical letters while vowel sounds are pronounced differently: love - grove, farm - warm, path - hath, gush - bush, dew - grew, flames - Thames
of semiotics, which he called semiology. His concept of the sign/signifier/signified/referent forms the core of the field. Equally crucial, although often overlooked or misapplied, is the dimension of the syntagmatic and paradigmatic axes of linguistic description. Saussure's 'theory of the sign' defined a sign as being made up of the matched pair of signifier and signified. Signifier The signifier is the pointing finger, the word, the sound-image. A word is simply a jumble of letters. The pointing finger is not the star. It is in the interpretation of the signifier that meaning is created. Signified The signified is the concept, the meaning, the thing indicated by the signifier. It need not be a 'real object' but is some referent to which the signifier refers. The thing signified is created in the perceiver and is internal to them. Whilst we share concepts, we do so via signifiers. Whilst the signifier is more stable, the signified varies between people and contexts.
Writing letters Formal letters institutions, strangers Semi-formal letters - acquaintances Informal letters friends, family Layout Always in paragraphs A paragraph starts with a space, which is as wide as your finger No empty rows Block style in the content of the letter Greeting and farewell on the left side The greeting and farewell have the same style Dear..................... ........................................................................ ............................................................................. ......................................................... ........................................................................ ............................................................................. ...............
She did not speak unless spoken to 22.Ta naeris, nagu paeluks teda film She laughed, as if faccinated by the film 23.Ma tunnen, et midagi kõrbeb I smell something burning 24.Sa pead laskma endale soengu teha You must have your hair done 25. Kui etendus oli lõppenud, lahkusid nad kohe The show over, they left the house at once 26. Nad istusid pargis ja kuu paistis nende kohal They sat in the park, the moon shining above them 27. Raske on lugeda käsitsi kirjutatud kirju It is hard to read letters written by hand 28.Kui töö sai tehtud, sis ta naeratas The work done, he smiled 1. 1.Kui me ekspeditsioonilt tagasi jõuame, on uus semester juba alanud If we get back from the expedition, the new semester has already begun/started 2,Sugiseks oleme elanud ühiselamus juba 2 aastat By autumn we have lived in hostel already for two years 3.Ära tule kell 9. Me peame siis koosolekut Do not come at 9 o´clock. We are having a meeting. 4
birth. The idea of the American Dream is rooted in the United States Declaration of Independence which proclaims that "all men are created equal" and that they are "endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable Rights" including "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." (Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn) De Crevecoeur, Hector St. John (17351813): FrancoAmerican Writer. With the publication of his Letters from an American Farmer (1782), Hector St. John de Crevecoeur became one of the eighteenthcentury's most influential commentators on American life and manners. While not born in America, Crevecoeur traded his French citizenship for an American one in 1765, taking up residence in New York. He had traveled throughout New England and its coastal region before claiming his new identity, however, and before seriously embarking upon his life as a farmer in Orange
K. Rowling when she was on a train. 6. Harry is a ____________ at Hogwarts. 7. Harry uses a ____________ to play Quidditch. 8. Harry has magical ____________. 9. Albus Dumbledore and Lord Voldemort are two of the ____________ in the Harry Potter books. 10. Muggles can't ____________ the magical world. 11. The Dursleys are not very pleasant, they're ____________. Part III: Read the short text about Harry Potter story. Circle all the words that should have a capital letter Note: Common nouns (castles, wizard's hat, wand, strange children) don't need a capital letter, whereas titles (Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone) and proper nouns (Jane, Professor Snape ) and place names (the South Street, Buckingham Palace, London School of Economics and Political Science) do. 1/9/2013
This job can’t be done. The new shop will be opened next week. It can also be used after some other structures (want to, would like to, going to). I don’t want to be disturbed. He’s going to be interviewed on Friday. 3 Jane would like to be elected the President of the Student Union. We can use have been + Past Participle after modal verbs to talk about the past events that did not take place. We should have been told about the dangers. The Passive with ’get/have’ In informal English, we sometimes use get instead of be in the Passive, especially when we talk about things that happen by accident or unexpectedly. get + Past Participle My flat got burgled when I was on holiday. He got killed in a plane crash. Have (get) something done can be used to talk about something we
Fibonacci sequence. Inside is a small, heavy rosewood box with a rose inlaid on the top: the Priory's symbol for the Holy Grail. Vernet puts Sophie and Langdon in the back of an armored truck, changes into a driver's uniform, and hides a gun under his clothes. As he drives them away from the bank, Officer Collet stops him. Vernet pretends to be a blue-collar driver and says he does not have the keys to the truck. Inside the box, Sophie and Langdon find a cryptex a ball with letters written on each of its five panels. Langdon realizes that they must be holding the Priory keystone. He says that only the leader of the Priory would have access to the keystone, and Sophie says she thinks her grandfather may have been the leader of the Priory. The car stops and Vernet lets them out, but then apologetically pulls a pistol on them. Vernet tells Langdon and Sophie to give him the box. He just heard over the radio that they are wanted for three other murders
in Allahabad in the United Provinces. His writing continued at a frenetic pace and during the following year, he published six collections of short stories: Soldiers Three, The Story of the Gadsbys, In Black and White, Under the Deodars, The Phantom Rickshaw, and Wee Willie Winkie, containing a total of 41 stories, some quite long. In addition, as The Pioneer's special correspondent in western region of Rajputana, he wrote many sketches that were later collected in Letters of Marque and published in From Sea to Sea and Other Sketches, Letters of Travel.[4] In early 1889, The Pioneer relieved Kipling of his charge over a dispute. For his part, Kipling had been increasingly thinking about the future. He sold the rights to his six volumes of stories for £200 and a small royalty, and the Plain Tales for £50; in addition, from The Pioneer, he received six-months' salary in lieu of notice
1 seems to 5 probably the correct one. Play the recording Along with their alphabet the Romans 2 imagine 6 guess, must be twice. popularised the particular way in which 3 looks 7 wonder · Speaking: Elicit strategies for the they wrote their letters the script. 4 must 8 might task from the students. Remind The reason behind the shapes of the them to talk about each picture, early Roman script is very simple: 7 Students' own answers comparing / contrasting them the Romans loved writing on their
How is language/ culture viewed? What areas of language/ skills are emphasized? What is the role of the student's native language? How is evaluation accomplished? How does the teacher respond to students' errors? 6 IV Summarising teachingenglish.org.uk articles about teaching writing. 1. the article: Making Writing Communicative In real life we write e-mails, notes, covering letters, reports, curriculums and etc. The main questions that has put up in the article are: 1) Why do writing tasks in the English classroom lack a communication purpose and a target audience? 2) How to make the writing more communicative? Writing is difficult for students because it involves physical effort and it takes a lot of time. At the same time it is time-consuming and complicated task for teachers as well. Teachers have to address both errors and the content. And another point is that it is
course. They say something about the situation described in the whole sentence. Fortunately, the weather stayed fine. We’ll probably have to wait for another bus. This one is full. I certainly didn’t expect such a beautiful present! He was late, of course. 3 Position of Adverbs Adverbs of Manner normally come 1. 1) at the end of a statement: Since then I have answered all the letters personally. 2) in shorter sentences they can stand in front of the verb: He quietly shut the door. 3) but after the verb to be Mary is frequently late. 2. before Adjectives and other Adverbs: reasonably cheap (adverb + adjective) terribly sorry (adverb + adjective) incredibly quickly (adverb + adverb) It’s a reasonably cheap restaurant and the food is extremely good. I’m terribly sorry. I didn’t want to hurt you.
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