Different types of forests and their forms of usage TARTU 2010 Forest A forest (also called a wood, woodland, wold, weald, holt, frith) is an area with a high density of trees. Forests cover approximately 30% of land and 9.4% of all the planet earth. They are also responsible for regulating our planet's climate and act as large purifiers of airs, by absorbing carbon dioxide, and giving out oxygen. Different types of forests Forests are divided into following main types: o Tropical forest o Subtropical forest o Plantations o Boreal forest o Temperate forest o Seasonal or monsoon forest Tropical and Subtropical Forests Tropical and subtropical forests, also known as rainforests or tropical rainforests, are lavish and ample forests with broad leave tree. They are mostly found at lowlands near the equator - Asia, Africa, South & Central Am...
I To: European youth union From: Jaagup Laaser Subject: Music recommendation Introduction This report was written to find mostly suitable music to a big music festival which takes place in Estonia next summer. Differences between two forms To start with, students forms 7 to 9 are mostly listening Pop which makes the biggest percent of survey 35%. Form 10 to 12 is listening more Rock. Also form 7-9 have quite big percentage in Pop music notably 29%. Although, younger students have bigger percentages is their preferments unstable. However, older students are listening likely majority of music Pop, Rock and Dance. In fact, only 3% of 7 to 9 form and 7% 10 to 12 form listening classical music. Music that should be performed At the festival should be performed Rap because many students in younger forms like it and certainly Pop because that is very popular in both form. Also, there should be played Rock because survey shows that it is t...
Dwarfism Annika Annsoo Dwarfism A dwarf less than 147 cm. More than 200 different conditions can cause dwarfism. Dwarfism itself is not a disease. Types and differences More than 200 different types There are two general types: 1. Shorttrunk dysplasias. 2. Shortlimb dysplasias. The most common types of skeletal dysplasias include: 1. Achondroplasia (one per 26,000 to 40,000 births) 2. Diastrophic dysplasia (one per 110,000 births) 3. SED (one per 95,000 births) Primordial dwarfism A rare form of dwarfism that results in a smaller body size in all stages of life beginning from before birth. Potential causes Many forms of dwarfism are usually the result of a spontaneous mutation in a single gene from averagesized parents. By genes inherited from one or both parents. Diagnosis Through prenatal testing. ...
Estonian and British Education System Estonian and British education system is not quite different. In Estonia, the education system is based on six levels which include the: kindergarten, primary school, basic school, secondary school and university or vocational school. In Britain, the education system is also based on six levels which include the: nursery school, infant school, junior school, secondary school, 6th form and university or college. What is similar for both systems is that the first level of education starts at age of three. While in Estonia this level is called Kindergarten, then in Britain it is called Nursery school. Kindergarten is for children´s from age three to six, but Nursery school is for children´s three to four. Differently from Estonian system, at age of five to seven, British children ´s go to Infant school. This is called year one, year two and year three and all these three...
Dog Communication Kristjan Olt Dog communication comes in a variety of forms, and is part of the foundation of dog social behaviour. Dogs use certain movements of their bodies and body parts and different vocalizations to express their emotions. One gesture may mean many different things. For example a tail wag may mean: Excitement Playfulness Happiness Anxiety Greeting ritual When one dog meets another dog, they usually walk around each other, sniff each other or even bark if they don't like something Body movements Tail position usually shows dog's mood. Ear position shows dogs level of attention Mouth expressions inform us about dogs mood Dogs use their tongue to lick each other and that is the sign of friendliness. Dogs stamp their legs when exited. The position of head is a sign of curiosity.
FUTURE TENSES: WILL / GOING TO I will travel to Japan next year decision I am going to study German at school plan WILL/GOING TO The Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings as mentioned before. I will probably go to Italy next Summer I am going to fly to Italy next Saturday Future Tense: Will Form Affirmative: I will travel to Madrid in October Interrogative : Will you travel by bus? Negative : I will not travel - won't Will you travel by train or by bus? I won't travel by bus I will probably travel by train Future Tense: Uses of ...
MULTIMEDIA 1. Multimedia refers to content that uses a combination of different content forms. 2. Multimedia includes a combination of text, audio, still images, animation, video, or interactivity content forms 3. Multimedia is usually recorded and played, displayed, or accessed by information content processing devices, such as computerized and electronic devices, but can also be part of a live performance 4. Multimedia may be broadly divided into linear and non-linear categories Linear active content progresses often without any navigational control for the viewer such as a cinema presentation Non-linear uses interactivity to control progress as with a video game or self-paced computer based training. 5. Multimedia presentations may be viewed by person on stage, ...
Lady Gaga Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta , known by her stage name Lady Gaga, is an American singer-songwriter, record producer, activist, businesswoman, fashion designer and actress. Born This Way is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Lady Gaga, released on May 23, 2011. Born This Way debuted in the top five spots of every major market. In the United States, Born This Way sold 1.108 million copies in its first week the largest first-week album sales in five years. The hit singles are "Born This Way", "Judas", "The Edge of Glory", and "You and I". I think this is a really amazing album with some different forms of instrumentation which have not been used on her previous releases. Gaga is very good singer and her voice is different from most other singers, because her voice is awesome and loud. My favorite track is "Marry the night". The only negative thing I would say about t...
Survey Report To: European youth union From: a member of the student committee Subject: A big music festival in Estonia The purpose of this report is to analyse the results of the survey conducted in Pärnu Coeducational Gymnasium. We questioned 500 stundents, from forms 7 to 9 and 10 to 12. As can be seen from the table the most popular genres of music among forms 7 to 9 were pop and rap. Pop music was liked by 21% of all students and rock music by 17%. Furthermore, quite popular was rock music, so we should consider including this genre in to our music festival, but the biggest problem with rock bands is that they have a lot of different musical instruments so we should consider building bigger stage. According to our questioning that we handed out to our gymnasium classes three most popular genres were dance, rock and also pop. The percentages as seen from the table were 29%, 24% and 31%. ...
All forms of Media Assuming you mean Broadcast Media, the single most important function of Media is to report events as they are happening. The advantage of this is that more people can be informed and therefore involved in the happenings of the day. But like any other facet of life these wonders can be corrupted by those with their own agenda. That is to say that a news agency can choose to omit some things from their broadcast to place a particular "spin" on the events. Using 9-11 as an example: Everyone saw the planes crash into the buildings but none REALLY knows why this happened. Same with the assignation of JFK. Information can be repressed or expounded to create misinformation that leaves us all wondering why. Mass Media refers to all forms of media that are open to and accessible by the public. This includes newspapers, television, internet, magazines, radio etc. Following are the advantages and disadvantages of mass media t...
R&B There are many types of music in the world but the one that stands out in my mind is the sound of Rhythm and Blues, known as R&B. It has been around for many decades and has captured people's interest around the world. (But) what is the magic of this genre? Rhythm and Blues(R&B), or as it was called before "black music", started in the early 1940's by slaves in the south. This phenomenon brought about new music, fashion, and dance styles. The white people thought of R&B as black music during the 1940's and early 50's. It has the single greatest influence on music worldwide for most of the 20th century. Its influence can be traced in forms of rock music, country, gospel, jazz even Nigerian Juju -a style of dance music. So it included many different musicstyles and because of that it likes many different humangroups. Rhythm and Blues was started in the South, but later moved to Midwest, Northeast, and West Coast cities due to th...
1) Standard and non-standard varieties of English Standard varieties of English are the varieties of the English language that are considered to be a norm and are spoken and written by the minority (educated people). This is the optimum for educational purposes. The standard varieties of English are: BrEng (British), EngEng (English), NAmEng (North-America), USEng (United States), CanEng (Canada), AusEng (Australia), NZEng (New Zealand). Standard English (British English) is the most widely accepted and understood among native speakers, learned by foreigners. It is used in broadcasting, TV, news etc. It doesn't concern pronounciation (accent), but grammar and vocabulary. It includes formal and informal styles. British Standard English grammar and vocabulary, together with the RP accent should be called English English. RP (Received Pronounciation) is an accent that originates from South-East of England. A social accent, associated o...
Phonology. Mid-term 2. Syllable - is a phonological unit consisting of one or more phonemes. In phonetics a syllable is a unit which consists of a centre, that has little or no obstruction to airflow; it is comparatively louder than other sounds. In phonology syllables are the possible combinations of phonemes. The syllable consists of - onset, nucleus, coda. (every syllable has a nucleus: vowel, syllabic l, or m, n). Rhyme/rime nucleus + coda; the nucleus and the coda constitute a sub-syllabic unit rhyme. Words rhyme, when their nucleus and coda are identical. (E.g 'cr-o-wn', 'd-o-wn'). The hierarchical structure of the syllable: Onset the beginning of the syllable Nucleus/peak the open part of a syllable, generally a vowel. Coda a consonant sound which ends the syllable. Open syllable - has no coda Closed syllable - has a coda! Texts: [t-e-k-s-t-s]- (Consonant, Vowel, Consonant, Consonant, Consonant, Consonant). Stron...
Modal Verbs Table of Contents Introduction ......................................................................... 2 Characteristics of Modal Verbs ............................................. 2 When to use the Modal Verbs ............................................... 3 Expressing permission.......................................................... 3 Expressing obligation ........................................................... 3 Making offers........................................................................ 5 Making requests ................................................................... 6 Expressing possibility/probability......................................... 7 Asking about possibilities ..................................................... 7 Infinitives ............................................................................. 8 In...
Water pollution Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater caused by human activities, which can be harmful to organisms and plants and for all of us. First, we have to talk about the causes of water pollution. Domestic households, industrial and agricultural practices produce wastewater that can cause pollution of many lakes and rivers. Industry is a huge source of water pollution, it produces pollutants that are extremely harmful to people and the environment. Dumping of litter in the sea can also cause huge problems. Different items take different lengths of time to degrade in water. Oceans are polluted by oil on a daily basis from oil spills, everyday shipping and dumping. Secondly, it is very significant to know about dangers of water pollution. Virtually all types of water pollution are harmful ...
An analysis of the problem of Political Power Written by: Katre Kikkas Introduction It is said that in the political philosophy there are only two questions: ,,Who can have what?" and ,,Who will decide over it?". It is not exactly like that but it is quite close to the trough, to begin with. The first question includes material amenity's, and dividing rights and liberties.(Wolff, 1996) What is power? It is ability to influence others to do something they otherwise would not. Also, others can be affected with threats and force. (Kilp, 2010) Political power includes also right to force the others and to punish them if they disobey. Who should have that kind of power? Actually the political power is quite mysterious by itself. If someone has legitimate political power over me then he or she has a right to force me to do things that they want.(Wolff, 1996) But how can other person have rig...
Definition People are treated as property and are forced to work Slaves can be held against their will Different forms Child labor Bonded labor Serfdom Servile marriage Trafficking in persons (especially women and children) The exploitation of domestic and migrant labor Human trafficking One method of obtaining slaves Victims are typically recruited through deceit or trickery "Debt slavery" Majority of victims are women, and sometimes children Regions where is it common In parts of Africa In the Middle East Sudan - 570 enslaved people (69 children) In 2008 the abolishement of the Haliya system of forced labour (freeing 20 000) India - 40 million bonded ...
Suppletion Present in languages of different families. Present in Old, Middle and Modern English, though the general tendency is towards more regularity/iconicity so the number of suppletive forms has decreased.In the text: goon to go wenden - to turn Gan was suppletive in Old English, past form: eode.Eode was supplanted by went (past form of wenden) at the end of the Middle English period.To wend has survived in Modern English in phrases such as to wend one's way, we wended homewards (ironic usage). Thus: suppletivity- suppletion different parts of one and the same paradigm come from what were originally different paradigms (different words with close meanings or words in different but close dialects).Suppletion embraces verbs, adjectives, nouns. Be was/were been (Old English beon/wesan) (am, art, is, are); in Old English some suppletive forms were used parallel to one another) Good better best Bad worse worst Much more...
Verb forms 1. When I (turn) turned the radio on earlier today, I (hear) heard a song that was popular when I was in basic school. I (hear, not) had not heard the song in years, and it (bring) brought back many great memories. 2. Last week, I (run) ran into an old classmate of mine. We (see, not) had not seen each other in years. I (enjoy) enjoyed talking to her so much that I (ask) asked her, if she’d like to meet me tomorrow. We are getting together tomorrow evening. 3. When Mary (enter) entered the room, I (recognize, not) did not recognize her because she (lose) had lost so much weight and (grow) grown a long, healthy and beautiful hair. He looked totally different! 4. I like listening (listen) to music when I am sad, it really comforts me. 5. I (visit) have visited so many beautiful places since I (come) came to UK. Before moving here, I (hear, n...
Motocross Motocross was first known as a British off-road event called Scrambles . Through the years motocycles are changed. The motors are now more powerful, appearence is designed by professionals, equipment is better than ever. It has happened because peole are interested in extreme sport and competition is bigger. To become a good rider, you must do hard work. Regular trainings helps to keep physically fit. Running, swimming, going to finess centre changes you stronger and giver more power. But the main training takes place in track. In motocross, there are many forms: Freestyle, Pit Bikes & Mini-Motocross, Supermoto, ATV/Quad Motocross, Sidecars and Supercross. There are different classes: 50cc, 65cc, 85cc, 125-250cc, 450-525cc. Classes are divided by the power of motors. The world is dominated by two main Motocross series; the World Championship series and American National Championship....
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF OLD ENGLISH - 15 monophtongs, (7 long, 7 short, 1 central), 4 diphtongs, 17 consonants. Free variaton of R, and it was pronounced everywhere. Very much Germanic in character. Quite some special consonants that no longer exist. About morphology: synthetic with numerous aglutinating tendencies. System of tenses Germanic, but with a reduction of tenses. Paradigmatic leveling; Stress shift; Word order; Loan words (Old Norse, Old French). Dual pronouns. Determiners - no separate definite article. Strong and weak verbs. Word order relatively free with tendencies towards SVO. SVO, SOV, VSO most common. Adposition and podposition were both possible (eesliide ja tagaliide). About syntax: clauses were joined much simpler than nowadays, using and, then etc. Because of case syncretion the word order in a sentence became much more important to be able to tell the difference between words. FIRST CONSONANT SHIFT (GRIMM'S L...
Ursula 10. klass Navajo Artwork Navajo Artwork The Navajo are well-known for their many crafts including weaving of blankets and rugs, silversmithing, basketry and sandpainting. Authentic Navajo art or handcraft consists of handmade items produced by a Native American craftsperson, using high-quality, natural materials that are not machine stamped. The Navajo people are regarded as being the pioneers of Native American art. They are particularly renowned for their rugs and unique silversmithing techniques. They were also pioneers when it came to basketry and are recognized the world over for their basket weaving skills. Rug Weaving Commercial production of handwoven blankets and rugs has been an important element of the Navajo economy. Rug weaving is another traditional Navajo art form. Navajo women believe the art of weaving was taught by Spider Woman, who constructed a loom...
Jazz Jazz is a type of lively music with strong, complex rhythms. It's earlier expression is said to be ragtime. Jazz was first played at the beginning of the 20th century by black musicians in New Orleans, Louisiana. Jazz began with a basic trio of musicians: a cornet, a trumpet or a violin and a trombone. Below this there was a guitar or a banjo, sometimes a piano and drums. Jazz musicians often accent or add notes or beats in unusual or unexpected places. Also they add other elements of black music such as blues and ragtime to make a unique American music form. Musicians make up tunes as they play. Jazz music has changed, and today there are many different forms of Jazz. Ragtime, famous musicians from that time are Irving Berlin, Ben Harney, Scott Joplin. Then there are dixieland famous musicians from that period is Louis Armstrong. In the 1920-s to the 1930-s there were European jazz and...
1. Be ready to explain the terms (lecture 1): language, linguistics, synchronic approach to language, diachronic approach to language, linguistic competence, linguistic performance, what is grammar?, prescriptive grammar vs. descriptive grammar; phonology, phonetics, phone, allophone, phoneme; morphology, morphemes (types of morphemes), morphs, allomorphs, types of affixes, derivational affixes, inflectional affixes; open vs closed class words; syntax. Language: a systematic, conventional use of sounds, signs or written symbols in a human society for communication and self-expression. - human language at all levels is rule- or principle-governed. Linguistics: the scientific study of human natural language Synchronic approach to language: Diachronic approach to language: Linguistic competence: Linguistic performance: What is grammar?: "The sounds and sound patterns, the basic units of meaning, such as words, and the rules to combine them...
Accurate - free from error or defect; consistent with a standard, rule, or model; precise; exact Admiral - a naval officer of the highest rank Air force - the military unit of a nation charged with carrying out military operations in the air Air marshal - an air force officer of a rank comparable to an army lieutenant general Ally - a person, group, or nation that is associated with another or others for some common cause or purpose Assassinate - to kill suddenly or secretively, especially a politically prominent person; murder premeditatedly and treacherously Biased - having or showing prejudice Brutal - savage; cruel; inhuman Capture - to take by force or stratagem; take prisoner; seize: Claim - to demand by or as by virtue of a right; demand as a right or as due: Coast guard - a military service which in peacetime enforces maritime laws, saves lives and property at sea, and maintains aids to navigation Commerce - an interchange of go...
Slide 1 Good morning/afternoon/evening! My name is //////// and my topic is food microstructure and starch digestion. The presentation is approximately 7-10 minutes long and I will be glad to answer your questions at the end. Slide 2 Starch is important carbohydrate in human diet containing in potatoes, maize, rice, cassava. It is produced by most green plants as energy source. Pure starch is a white, tasteless and odorless powder that is insoluble in cold water or alcohol. It consists of two types of molecules: the linear and helical amylose and the branched amylopectin. Depending on the plant, starch generally contains 20 to 25% amylose and 75 to 80% amylopectin by weight. Glycogen, the glucose store of animals, is a more highly branched version of amylopectin. In industry, starch is converted into sugars, for example by malting, and fermented to produce ethanol in the manufacture of beer, whisky and biofuel. It is processed to produc...
NON-Continuous Verbs Verbs It is important to understand that English verbs are divided into three groups: Normal Verbs, NON-Continuous Verbs and Mixed verbs. Today we're going to talk about NON-Continuous verbs. These Verbs are usually things you cannot see somebody doing. Non-Continuos Verbs include: Abstract Verbs. Possession Verbs. Communication Verbs. Sense Verbs. Emotion Verbs. Abstract Verbs examples: Click to edit Master text styles · I now realize that using the Second level internet is more useful. Third level Fourth level He loves her. · Fifth le...
1 slajd Today I will talking about Spices and Herbs 2 slajd Spices Spices are dried roots, stems, and seeds of plants that are usually grown in the tropics. Aromatic substances of vegetable origin used as a preservative Used to add flavor and zest to foods Not all spices are hot like many may think, but most do add flavor. Spices are sold in whole and ground forms, with ground being the most popular. 3 slajd On the picture you can see some example of spices: Caraway, cayenne, cloves, chili powder 4 slajd On this picture are also spices Peppercorn , paprika , poppy seed, saffron, nutmeg , ginger, coriander, cumin 5 slajd Leaves of plants that lack woody stems. Typically, the green, leafy part of the plant is used in cooking. The plants are grown for their flavor and medicinal value. Some define herbs as plants with healing properties. 6 slajd From very early times, herbs have been used for healing. By the fifth century, people in En...
Environmental problems Nimi Klass Biodiversity The variety of life on Earth, its biological diversity, is commonly referred to as biodiversity. The number of species of plants, animals, and microorganisms, the enormous diversity of genes in these species, the different ecosystems on the planet, such as deserts, rainforests and coral reefs are all part of a biologically diverse Earth. Appropriate conservation and sustainable development strategies attempt to recognize this as being integral to any approach. In some way or form, almost all cultures have recognized the importance of nature and its biological diversity for their societies and have therefore understood the need to maintain it. Yet, power, greed and politics have affected the precarious balance. Why Is Biodiversity Important? Who Cares? · Why is Biodiversity important? Does it really matter if there aren't so...
History: · Indian society is predominantly agrarian. Diet consists mainly of fruits and vegetables, meat, cereals, dairy products and honey. Also, drinks containing different types of spices. · During the Gupta empire influenced by diet buduism and jainism. Many religious people were vegetarians. Most of the people consumed the chickens, sheep and goat meat. · Muslims also put emphasis on the development of food. Indians brought to the diet of dried fruit and flat bread. India introduced the dietary habits of the Portuguese and Chinese. · Indian diet is mixed with a variety of cultures. Etiquette: · Traditionally, meals were eaten while seated either on the floor or on very low stools or cushions. · Food is most often eaten without cutlery, instead using the right hand. Among the middle class throughout India, spoons and forks are commonplace. · Hot fo...
Herbert George Wells (1866-1946) a Brief Biography Sometimes called the father of modern science fiction, H.G. Wells was born on September 21, 1866 in Bromley, Kent, England. His father, a professional cricket player and shopkeeper, and his mother, a former lady's maid, raised Wells with the idea that he would find a place in the work world that they were accustomed. He aspired to a different place in society. When he was thirteen, he left school to become a draper's apprentice, a job his family expected would be proper for a boy of his station. The work repelled him, however. He worked briefly in a drugstore, returned for a stint as a draper's assistant, then finally found a job as a teacher's assistant in a grammar school. Education and academia suited him well. In 1884 he entered college with a scholarship to study biology. He was able to study under one of the great biology teachers of the time, Thomas Henry Huxley, and Wells gradu...
Name at least 3 renewable energy sources. What consequence might there be if we use non-renewable energy too much? Which energy technology is the world's fastest growing? With what name is renewable energy also known as? Light Heat Electricity Generated from natural resources. Doesn't harm the environment. Can't be replenished Most of our energy. May cause global warming. Wind energy is the fastest growing. Most renewable energy comes from the sun. Hydroelectric energy is the oldest and largest source. Renewable energy a.k.a "green" energy. Thank you for listening! We use energy every day. It surrounds us in different forms, such as light, heat, and electricity. Our bodies use the energy stored in molecules of substances like carbohydrates and protein to move, breathe, grow, and think. We also use energy to do work and to play. Humans have invented thousa...
Questions for the First Philosophy Test a. Introduction 1. How would you characterize Modern philosophy? Commanding outlook, power, will, Man is God. 2. How would you characterize Classical philosophy? Contemplative outlook, truth, intelligence, God is truth. b. Descartes 3. What is the main question that Descartes is trying to answer? How can I be certain [sure] that I am in the truth? 4. Which are precepts of Descartes' method? Only accept what is self-evident. Analysis. Synthesis. Enumeration. 5. Descartes will only accept one specific kind of ideas: which and why? He will only accept clear and distinct ideas that are indubitable. Because the complex ideas could then be constructed using the simple ideas. 6. How does Descartes call his method and why is it not skeptical? Methodic doubt. Because the goal of this doubt is not to be skeptical but to prove that some things can not be doubted. 7. “...
English lexicology 1. Size of English vocabulary Vocabulary is a sum total of words used in a language by speakers or for dictionary-making. Active and passive vocabulary. The Old English vocabulary was homogenous. There were about 50 000 – 60 000 words, 1/3 of which have survived. o About 450 loans from Latin o About 2000 from the Viking invasions. The Middle-English vocabulary became a heterogeneous hybrid of Germanic and Romanic languages. 100 000 to 125 000 words. o About 10 000 loans from Norman French, 75% are still in use o Continuing Latin influence Early Modern English. 200 000 – 250 000 words o English becomes a pluricentric language. o Polyglot. Cosmopolitan language Modern English. 500 000 words o At present at least 1 billion lexical units 2....
English structure revision for the exam 1. Terms Language → A systematic, conventional (tavakohane) use of sounds, signs or written symbols in a human society for communication and self-expression. Human language at all levels is rule- or principle- governed (valitsema) meaning that language corresponds to the grammar. Natural language is usually spoken, while language can also be encoded into symbols (such as letters, morse etc) For example: Estonian, English. Linguistics → The scientific study of human natural language. Broadly, there are three aspects to the study which are Pragmatics (studies the use of language → interested in the gap between the sentence’s meaning and the speaker’s meaning). Semantics (concerned with the meaning of the language aspects and the way they change, also how objects and language and thinking and language are related). ...
First Conditional: A real possibility in the future A First Conditional sentence is for future actions dependent on the result of another future action or event, where there is a reasonable possibility of the conditions for the action being satisfied. Formation: if + present simple, + will For example: If she gets good grades, she will go to university. We are talking about the future, but we use a present tense for the condition and will for the result. In this case, the person is sure about going to university. We can use other modal verbs in the result part of the sentence. For example: I Condition Result Possibility F she gets good she will go to If the condition is met, then she definitely If grades, university. will go he gets good he may go to If He is not sure about g...
Job, work, post, position, occupation, profession, career Your job is the work that you do regulary in order to earn money, especially when you work for a company or public organization. · My last job was with a computer firm. · He finally got a job in a supermarket. Work is used in a more general way to talk about activities that you do to earn money, either working for a company or for yourself. · Will you go back to work when you've had the baby? · I started work when I was 18. ! Do not say ,,what is your job?" or ,,what is your work?". Say what do you do? or what do you do for a living? Post and position are more formal words for a job in a company or organization. They are used especially in job advertisements and when you are talking about someone moving to different job. · This post would suit a recent graduate. · He left last summer for a teaching position in Singapore. Use occupation to tal...
Addictions Business English Marion Soomre 10.b What is addiction? The term "addiction" is used in many contexts to describe an obsession, compulsion, or excessive physical depence or psychological dependence, such as: drug addiction, video games, crime, alcoholism, compulsive overeating, problem gambling, computer addiction, pornography, etc. Drug addiction Drug addiction is widely considered a pathological state. The disorder of addiction involves the progression of acute drug use to the development of drug-seeking behavior, the vulnerability to relapse, and the decreased, slowed ability to respond to naturally rewarding stimuli. Video game addiction Video game addiction, or more broadly video game overuse, is excessive or compulsive use of computer and video games that interferes with daily life. Instances have been reported in which users ...
The Commonwealth of Australia. The Commonwealth of Australia is a federal state within the Commonwealth of Nations. Its territories are the continent of Australia, the island of Tasmania and a number of smaller islands. It has an area of about eight million square kilometres. The continent of Australia is mostly a great plain with mountains in the east and south-east. The western part of the continent forms a plateau which occupies half of the continent. Australia's greatest rivers are the Murray and the Darling. Australia has several different climatic regions, from warm to subtropical and tropical. There are five big cities in Australia: Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth and Brisbane. Each city is the capital of the state in which it is situated. Most of the factories are concentrated in or around the big cities. They produce goods for the motor-car, machine-building, clothing and food industries. Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Bris...
STYLISTICS 1. Style, stylistics, a survey of stylistic studies The term ,,style" is polysemantic. Latin ,,stilus"--a writing instrument used by the ancients for writing on waxed tablets. Soon, the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. Jonathan Swift said: ,, Style is proper words in proper places" Present day--half a dozen meanings: · the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his ideas (Style of Byron) · the manner of expressing ideas characteristic of a literary movement or period (symbolism, romanticism) · the use of lg. typical of a literary genre (comedy, drama, novel) · the selective use of lg that depends on spheres of human activity. These are called functional styles or registers (fiction, newspaper) Stylist...
BEPS project Action 4: Interest deductions and other financial payments Maris Leemets 10.08.2016 Peer Assignment in Module 3 The OECD with its Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project is working towards proposing politically feasible and multilaterally acceptable ways to minimize the corporate tax base erosion and profit shifting activities since 2013. Out of its 15 main lines of work under BEPS project (called Actions) I will concentrate on Action 4 which aims at proposing new rules for preventing the manipulation of interest expense related tax deductions of corporates. The underlying problem is that multinational groups can easily create and relocate debt in their group according to the most preferential tax treatment available which in some cases results in no or even negative corporate tax payments fr...
HOW TO WRITE AN ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY An argumentative essay is a formal, impersonal piece of writing in which the writer is either expected to give a balanced consideration of a particular topic, or to state their own opinion clearly and then support it by giving reasons. An essay should begin with an introduction in which some background information is given about the problem that is going to be discussed. The angle from which the problem is going to be looked upon in the essay is also stated. In longer essays these are in different paragraphs, in shorter ones they can be in one paragraph. The body of the essay usually consists of several paragraphs, the number of which depends on the length of the essay. Each paragraph should begin with a topic sentence. The following sentences should enlarge on the theme, give examples, etc. If it is an essay discussing the advantages and disadvantages of something, the advantages should...
Katre Semjonov Cashflow Quadrant I chose a book named "Cashflow Quadrant" written by Robert T. Kiyosaki. This book is written for people who are ready to change quadrants. This book is especially for individuals who are employees or self-employed and are contemplating becoming business owners or investors. It is for people who are ready to move beyond job security and begin to achieve financial security. It is not an easy life's path but the prize at the end of the journey is worth the journey. It is the journey to financial freedom. WHICH QUADRANT ARE YOU IN? IS IT THE RIGHT ONE FOR YOU? Are you financially free? The CASHFLOW Quadrant was written for you if your life has come to a financial fork in the road. If you want to take control of what yo...
Air pollution Every day, the average person inhales about 20,000 liters of air. Every time we breathe, we risk inhaling dangerous chemicals that have found their way into the air. Air pollution includes all contaminants found in the atmosphere. These dangerous substances can be either in the form of gases or particles. Air pollution can be found both outdoors and indoors. Pollutants can be trapped inside buildings, causing indoor pollution that lasts for a long time. The sources of air pollution are both natural and human-based. As one might expect, humans have been producing increasing amounts of pollution as time has progressed, and they now account for the majority of pollutants released into the air. Air pollution has been a problem throughout history. Even in Ancient Romepeople complained about smoke put into the atmosphere. The effects of air pollution are diverse and numerous. Air...
Review questions English lexicology Size of English vocabulary. Average speaker 45,000-60,000 words, a total of about 200,000. Core and periphery. English has been heavily influenced by other languages. 31.8 % comes from Old English, 45% comes from French, 16,7% comes from Latin, 4,2% other germanic languages and 2,3 other languages. The very core is mono-syllabic (93 of the first 100 words and the other seven are two-syllabic). The core vocabulary is predominantly germanic. Native and foreign element. Native words belong to very important semantic group (modal verbs-shall, will, can, may; pronouns- I, you, he, my, his; preps- in, out, under; numerals and conjunctions::but, till, as. Native words are head, arms, back; mother, brother, son, wife; snow, rain, wind, sun; cat, sheep, cow; old, young, cold, hot, dark; do, make, go, come, see. Many native words have developed many meanings (nt, hand, man, head). Most native words have become ...
Questions for the Second Philosophy Test A. Aristotle 1. According to Aristotle, what is the soul? Which are the three kinds of souls? Hing on elusolendi olemuslik vorm. Vegetatiivne, tajulik ja teadlik hing. 2. Where can we find truth and falsehood? Why? Oma teadvuses, kuna seal moodustame kontseptidest lauseid ja ideid, mida otsustamise käigus kõrvutades jõuame tõesuse ja vääruseni. 3. Which are the four causes? Aineline, vormiline, tegev ja lõplik põhjus. 4. What is the name that Aristotle gives to his god? Noesis Noeseos – mõtte mõte. B. Saint Augustine 1. What is evil for the Manicheans? „Teine jumal“. 2. How does Augustine define evil? Millegi, nt headuse, puudumisena. 3. Why God cannot be the creator of evil? Kuna kurjus pole miski, vaid millegi puudumine. 4. Why does God allow evil to exist? Kuna ta suudab kurjast head esile tuua. 5. What is physical ...
Test 15 1 Translate. 1 Maakera kliima on muutunud. The climate of the Earth has changed. 2 Põlisameeriklaste suguharud vahetasid kaupu. Nateive American tribes exchanged goods. 3 Nende põhilised vaated olid sarnased. Their basic views were similar. 4 Nad austasid kõiki eluvorme. They respected every form of life. 5 Valged asukad liikusid läände. The white settlers moved westward. 6 Tänapäeval elavad paljud põlisameeriklased reservaatides. Today lots of Native Americans live in reservations. 7 kellegisse armuma fall in love with sb 8 kellestki / millestki erinema differ from sb/sth 2 Write the missing forms. Noun Adjective Verb Adverb 1 attraction attractive attract attractively 2 danger dangerous X dangerously 3 difference different differ differently 4 happiness ...
Scotlan History The history of Scotland begins around 10,000 years ago, when humans first began to inhabit Scotland after the end of the Devensian glaciation, the last ice age. Of the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age civilization that existed in the country, many artifacts remain, but few written records were left behind.People lived in Scotland for at least 8,500 years before recorded history dealt with Britain. The written history of Scotland largely begins with the arrival of the Roman Empire in Britain, when the Romans occupied what is now England and Wales, administering it as a Roman province called Britannia. To the north was territory not governed by the Romans -- Caledonia, by name. Its people were the Picts. From a classical historical viewpoint Scotland seemed a peripheral country, slow to gain advances filtering out from the Mediterranean fount of civilisation, but as knowledge of the past incr...
ELT Methodology (FLGR.01.041) 27.12.2012 Home Assignments. I Youtube clips: · A vision of K-12 students I personally think that Estonian learners are also digital learners. They spend more time at the computers or laptops or iPads etc. than read books or move outside. And another thing is that teachers are less capable in using technological appliances. But the latter mentioned fact is an advantage for us teachers as well. It gives us an opportunity to provide our students to experience success. They can help and assist us if we need some technological help. Another thing is that in schools, in classes generally students are not allowed to use their appliances, so it means they have to communicate verbally as well. I think that teachers ...
LEXICOLOGY 1. Size of English vocabulary 1) Old English – 50,000 to 60,000 words Vocabulary of Shakespeare OE – homogeneous; 1/3 of the vocabulary has survived • 884,647 words of running text About 450 Latin loans (Amosova) • 29,000 different words (incl. work, working, Viking invasions added 2,000 worked, which are counted here as separate 2) Middle English – 100,000 – 125,000 words) English becomes heterogeneous (Norman French, • 21,000 words English, Latin), hybrid of Germanic and Romance languages Norman French influence – about 10,000 words, 75 % are still in use (Baugh) Latin influence continues 3) Early Modern English – 200,000 – 250,000 English becomes a polycentric language; polyglot, cosmopolitan lang...
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