Prince George of Cambridge Prince George Birthname : George Alexander Louis Born 22 July 2013 Son of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge. Grandchild of Charles, prince of Wales, and Diana, Princess of Wales. Greatgrandchild of Queen Elizabeth II third in line to succeed. Parents William Arthur Philip Louis born 21 June 1982 Catherine Elizabeth "Kate"; née Middleton born 9 January 1982 In 2001, Middleton met Prince William while they were students at the university. The couple began dating as early as 2002, although their relationship remained unconfirmed. Prince William and Catherine Middleton became engaged in October 2010, in Kenya. The couple married in Westminster Abbey on 29 April 2011 Announcment 3 December 2012, St James's Palace announced that the Duchess of Cambridge was expecting her first child. Before the birth there was speculation that it would boost the national
PRESENTATION PRINCESS DIANA Diana, Princess of Wales was born on the 1st of July in 1961 and died on the 31st of August in 1997. She was a popular member of the British royal family and an international personality of the late 20th century. She was the first wife of Charles, Prince of Wales, whom she married on the 29th of July in 1981. The wedding, which was held at St. Paul's Cathedral, was televised and watched by a global audience of over 750 million people. Diana and Charles had two sons, Princes William and Harry. EARLY LIFE She was born at Park House, Sandringham in Norfolk, England. Her parents were John Spencer and Frances Burke Roche. She had two older sisters Sarah and Jane and a younger brother Charles. When Diana's parents divorced in 1969, her mother took her and her younger
1. Ancient Britain: the Celtic tribes. 2000 years ago there was an Iron Age Celtic culture throughout the Br Isles. It seems that the Celts, who had been arriving from Europe from the 8th cent BC onward, intermingled with the peoples who were already there. The Celts were extremely talented people, creative and artistic. More than 1 Celtic tribe invaded Br. The descendants of ancient Celts live in Wales, Scotland, Cornwall and Ireland. They lived in primitive society. Druids priests, more powerful than chiefs. Acted like prophets. 2. Stonehenge From prehistoric period. Was built on Salisbury plain between 2500 and 1500 bc. One of the most famous and mysterious archaeological sites in the world. One of the mysteries is how it was built at all with the technology of the time. Another is its purpose. It appears to function as a kind on
Hadrian's Wall was built, beginning in 122, to keep Roman Britain safe from hostile attacks from the Picts. The wall stretched from the North Sea to the Irish Sea. In addition to the wall, the Romans built a system of small forts called milecastles. Sixteen larger forts holding from 500 to 1000 troops were built into the wall, with large gates on the north face. To the south of the wall the Romans dug a wide ditch with high earth banks. *The Picts, Caledonia The Romans called Scotland 'Caledonia' because the dominant tribe of Picts they encountered was the Calidonii. Romans thought they were barbarian savages, but actually they had an advanced, cultured society. There was no slavery amongst them and women for instance had a higher standing than in Roman society. The Picts fought the Romans. The Picts- ,,The Painted Ones"- spoke Pict-Celtic. *The Scots, Hibernia In early medieval times Ireland was known by the name "Hibernia".
A defensive barrier builtin 122 AD by Roman emperor Hadrian to guard the northern part of Britain against barbarian invaders Most imposing frontier of Roman Empire, controlling peoples mobements Building took several years, builders kept changing minds about the size 119 km lenght, 5m high, 3m deep The Picts, Caledonia The painted ones, northern tribes, part of the Scots Inhabited an area known as eastern and th western Scotland, until 10 c Mysteriously disappeared Constantly fought with Romans Teir country- Caledonia- Pictland The Scots, Hibernia Raiders, Celts living in Ireland/Hibernia Migrated to Scotland Raided Roman Britain After Kenneth McAlpin united Scotland all inhabitants became Scots The Venerable Bede A monk in the Northumbrian monastery of Jarrow In 731 ,,The Great Ecclesiastical History of the English People"- overshaows all other sources
Kadrina Secondary School Princess Diana Report Mattias Suurkivi 8.a Class Instructor: Katrin Mägi Kadrina 2009Contents Introduction I chose Princess Diana, because I wanted to know about her and I like the British royal family and she was a part of the family, too. She is dead and if somebody reads it, he or she can learn about her and will know what she was like. The purpose of the work is to introduce Diana and get to know her better. Diana Facts about Diana Main Facts Her full name is Diana Frances Spencer and she was the Princess of Wales. Diana was called people's Princess. She was born on 1. July 1961 in Park house, Sandringham, Norfolk. She was
Mary I Mary I, called Mary Tudor (1516-1558), Queen of England (1553-1558). Mary was born in London on February 18, 1516, the daughter of Henry VIII by his first wife, Catherine of Aragón. Because Henry divorced Catherine, Mary was declared illegitimate. Nonetheless, Henry included her in his will, and on the death of her half-brother, Edward VI, on July 6, 1553, she became the legal heir to the throne. Although Lord High Chamberlain John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, favoured the succession of his daughter-in-law, Lady Jane Grey, and proclaimed her queen on July 10, the country supported Mary.
* the heir who embodies the monarchy's future valitseja kes kehastas endas monarhia tulevikku * the game is no longer worth the candles mäng ei ole seda enam väärt II ANSWER THE QUESTIONS 1. What is the name of the reigning dynasty ? House of Windsor 2. How is the British political system described? constitutional monarchy or parliamentary democracy 3. Who governs '' in the name of the queen '' ? the government 4. How many children do Elisabeth II and Prince Philip have? four 5. Which is Prince William in line to the throne? second 6. What is Prince William's title? His Royal Highness (HRH) 7. When was he born? on 21 June 1982 8. What school did he go to at the age of 8? Ludgrove School in Berkshire 9. Which famous public school did he attend? Eton College, Windsor 10. Which Alevel exams did he take there? History of Art, Geography, Biology 11. What happened in the year 1996? William's parents were divorced 12. What do you know about Princess Diana?
1) General facts The UK: * the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland was formed in 1801 * it covers 243,610 sq km * everybody from the UK is called British * the capital city is London * is made up of four constituent countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland which in turn are divided into counties * the flag is called the Union Jack which is a combination of the flags of England, Scotland and Northern Ireland * the population is about 60,000,000 people, the population density is 242 people/sq km * its coasts are washed by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea, Saint George's Channel, and the Irish Sea. It is linked to France by the Channel Tunnel * the United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who is also the Queen and Head of State of fifteen other Commonwealth Realms, such as
..............................................................9 In conclusion.............................................................................................................................10 Used Literature..........................................................................................................................11 2 Introduction I chose Swedish royal family, because it is not far away from Estonia and we have a good friendship with each other. I also chose it, because it seemed so interesting. I really wanted to know, who controls Estonia's neighbour Sweden. Anyway, I enjoyed doing this report and now you can read a little about them. 3 King Carl XVI Gustaf Carl XVI Gustaf is the King of Sweden. Carl Gustaf was born twenty minutes past ten
and made himself as the head of the new church. It happened in 15 8. What good did the invasion of Romans bring to England? It brought roads and order. They also built the first version of London. 9. What do you know about the Tower of London? It was at first a castle for the king of England, but Henry VIII turned it into a prison. There are Beefeaters, who are the tour guides now but used to be the guards. They keep the royal jewels there. It's one of the most visited sight in London and also one with the most fascinating history. 10. If going back in time was possible, which decade in British history would you choose to live in? Why? I'd like to be in the Victorian age. Simply because the architecture changed and also the industry was developed. All in all it looks like an interesting time period to try. 11. Make a list of things / people / events that you associate with Scotland.
The UK & London The United Kingdom (or the UK) is a short way of saying the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Norther Ireland. The UK is situated north-west of the European continent between the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. The UK consists of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Its highest point is Ben Nevis in Scotland followed by Snowdon in Wales. The Severn is the longest river in the United Kingdom. Other important rivers are the Trent, the Mersey, the Tyne, etc. Lough Neagh which lies in the centre of Northern Ireland is thr UK's largest freshwater lake. The climate in the UK is variable. The weather changes so frequently that it is difficult to forecast. It is not unusual for people to complain that the weathermen were wrong
Population: 5, 055, 000 National emblem: the thistle Capital: Edinburgh National flower: the bluebell Islands: About 790 National instrument: bagpipes Lakes: the best- known is Loch Ness, famous for National dish: haggis Nessie, its mythical monster Scotland is also famous for: whisky, kilts and sheep · One of the four constituent nations which form the UK · They have their own money, system of law, history, stamps, deep- rooted customs, traditions and ancient language- Gaelic · Most people speak the Scottish dialect becoming endangered language · Weather unpredictable · Breathtaking scenery Scottish Industries · Traditional -coal mining, steel production, shipbuilding
The United Kingdom and London United Kingdom is a political name of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. These political names include the countries of England, Scotland and Wales. Every country has its own capital and language. The capital of England is London, the people there are english and the language spoken is English. In scotland live the scots, capital is Edingburg and the languages spoken are English and Scottish. The capital of Wales is Cardiff, the people tehre are welsh and the languages spoken are welsh and English. N. Ireland is the home for the Irish, the capital is Belfast and the language is Irish. The first inhabitants were Iberians and Celts who settled on the land and were often at war with each other. In AD 43 Britain was made a Roman province. The romans stayed there for three hundred years
BRITISH HISTORY 17TH-19TH CENTURY SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY ☄ When James I became the first English king of the Stuart dynasty, he was already king of Scotland, so the crowns of these two countries were united. ☄ The kind of Middle English spoken in lowland Scotland had developed into a written language known as Scots ☄ The Scottish Protestant church adopted English rather than Scots bibles ☄ Religion and politics are inextricably linked ☄ Some people tried to kill the king because he wasn't Catholic enough and another king had been killed, partly because he seemed too Catholic ☄ Anger grew in the country at the way that the Stuart monarchs raised money ☄ Puritanism- ideological Protestantism
and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith. 2. The Queen’s working day. Starts after breakfast. Reads the newspapers which are prepared by the Press Secretary, and a report on the previous day’s proceedings in the Parliament and the letters she receives. Also phone calls. Once a month she attends the Privy Council in order to give Royal Assent to various items of government legislation. Discusses domestic matters with the Master of the Household. Towards the end of the day, there is always another pile of official papers and reports waiting to be read or acted upon. The business on constitutional monarchy never ends. 3. Who is the present heir to the throne? Speak about his education. Who are the 2nd and 3rd in line? Present heir is Prince Charles, The Prince of Wales
House of Winsdor. Their influence on modern society, key personalities. People all over the world are obsessed with the British royal family. Most fans know all the royal names and faces, the line of succession to the throne, and even the family's rarely- used last name. But let's start from the beginning. The House of Windsor is the reigning royal house of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms. The dynasty is of German paternal descent and was originally a branch of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, itself derived from the House of Wettin, which succeeded the House of Hanover to the British monarchy following the death of Queen Victoria, wife of Albert, Prince Consort. The name was changed from Saxe-Coburg and Gotha to the English Windsor (from
Henry I was the first unquestioned ruler. One of the most important kings in the Middle Ages. He had lands in Britain & France. Then the government was the monarch, a person, not a place. He had more land than any pervious king. After his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine, he also ruled the lands south of Anjou. His empire stretched from the Scottish border to the Pyrenees. England provided most of its wealth, but the heart was Anjou. Henry II began to regain royal control. During the war some barons had become very powerful. He pulled down some of their castles. He tried to restore law & order. He wanted the same kind of justice to be used everywhere. He appointed his own judges to travel around the country. They dealt with crimes & disagreements over poverty. Serious offences were tried in the king's court. At first they had no special knowledge or training. They were trusted to use common sense. By the end of the 12th cent. They had real
Since the law at that time made no special provision for a child monarch, Victoria would have been eligible to govern the realm as would an adult. In order to prevent such a scenario, Parliament passed the Regency Act 1831, under which it was provided that Victoria's mother, the Duchess of Kent and Strathearn, would act as Regent during the queen's minority. Ignoring precedent, Parliament did not create a council to limit the powers of the Regent. [3] Princess Victoria met her future husband, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, when she was sixteen years old. Prince Albert was Victoria's first cousin; his father was the brother of her mother. Princess Victoria's uncle, King William IV, disapproved of the match, but his objections failed to dissuade the couple. Many scholars have suggested that Prince Albert was not in love with young Victoria, and that he entered into a relationship with her in order to
Richard III of the House of Lancaster in the Wars of Roses and he was crowned as the King of England. Henry VII united the two rival houses and started the Tudor dynasty. During Henry's reign the medieval period came to a close. There was a revival, or Renaissance, of learning, partly as a result of the printing press, which ended the Church's monopoly of learning. Henry's son and heir, Henry VIII created the Royal Navy, which culminated with the sinking of the Spanish Armada in 1588. One of the leaders of the English navy was Sir Francis Drake, who was the first Englishman to sail around the world. The Royal Navy also enabled England to realize her imperialistic ambitions and defy the Pope and the Catholic powers of Europe. Henry used Parliament to establish himself as the head of the Protestant Church with the Act of Supremacy (1534)
For example: · avon river · cumb valley · ford shallow place in the river Ancient Britons had their own religion and priests or druids and temples. In the year 55 BC Britain became a Roman province. Romans were highly developed and had their own language latin, which has also greatly influenced English. The military occupation of the Isles ended in 410 AD. The Romans eventually brought Christianity to Britain. Hadrian's wall on the border of Scotland and England. It began construction in 122 AD. An Anglo-Saxon attack on Rome forced the Romans to leave The British Isles. They were replaced by Germanic tribes Angles, Jutes and Saxons, who drove the Celts to the north (Scotland) and west (Wales). They came from the North and Baltic Seas. Along with them came their dialects, which constitute the basis for Old English. Around 4500 words are still used today. They also had their own religion and Germanic gods
Outstanding figures in British literature Eva Martina Põder 11.b British literature Refers to all literature produced by British authors from the United Kingdom, which includes England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, Wales, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man Includes early works written in Gaelic, Welsh, and Latin, works in Old, Middle, and Modern English, each of which represents a different period Full of great works British works in Latin Venerable Bede He lived between 673 and 735 AD The greatest of all the AngloSaxon scholars He's the earliest English historian, whose work has shed light on a period of English history that would have otherwise been unknown
sent her to school in Paris. In 1834, Dickens became a political journalist, reporting on parliamentary debate and traveling across Britain by stagecoach to cover election campaigns for the Morning Chronice. His journalism, in the form of sketches which appeared in periodicals from 1833, formed his first collection of pieces Sketches by Boz which were published in 1836 and led to the serialization of his first novel, The Pickwick Papers, in March 1836. On 2 April 1836, he married Catherine Thompson Hogarth (1816 1879), the daughter of George Hogarth, editor of the Evening Chronice. After a brief honeymoon in Chalk, Kent, they set up home in Bloomsbury, where they had ten children. On 9 June 1865, while returning from France with Ternan, Dickens was involved in the Staplehurst rail crash in which the first seven carriages of the train plunged off a cast iron bridge that was being repaired.Because of that he died.( 9 June1870)
England Died 19 May 1536 (aged 29-35)Tower of London Religion - Anglican, formerly Roman Catholic King of England Henry VIII Reign - 21 April 1509 28 January House - House of Tudor 1547(37 years) Father -Henry VII of England Coronation - 24 June 1509 (aged 17) Issue Mary I of England Predecessor - Henry VII Henry FitzRoy Successor - Edward VI Elizabeth I of England Spouse - Catherine of Aragon Edward VI of England Anne Boleyn Mother - Elizabeth of York Jane Seymour Born - 28 June 1491 Greenwich Palace, Anne of Cleves Greenwich Catherine Howard Died - 28 January 1547 (aged 55) Catherine Parr Palace of Whitehall, London Burial - St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle
60.0 million people in mid-2009, it is the third most populous island in the world, after Java and Honsh. Great Britain is surrounded by over 1,000 smaller islands and islets. The island of Ireland lies to its west. Politically, Great Britain may also refer to the island itself together with a number of surrounding islands which comprise the territory of England, Scotland and Wales. All of the island is territory of the sovereign state of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and most of the United Kingdom's territory is in Great Britain. Most of England, Scotland, and Wales are on the island of Great Britain, as are their respective capital cities: London, Edinburgh, and Cardiff. The Kingdom of Great Britain resulted from the political union of the kingdoms of England and Scotland with the Acts of Union 1707 on 1 May 1707 under Queen Anne
expanded and Britain began exploring the world. Henry VIII also united England and Wales. During the reign of Elizabeth I, London was a wealthy and successful city. Culture was very important. London's first theatre " The Theatre" was opened in 1576. To escape censorship by the City's Lord Mayor the Globe and the Rose theatres were rebuilt in Southwark, in an area then largely occupied by prisons and bear pits. Stuart London 1603-1649; 1660-1714 In 1603 when James the IV of Scotland became James I of Scotland and England, he united the two countries under one king. In 1642 the Civil War broke out between supporters of the king and parliamentary forces, led by Oliver Cromwell. King Charles I lost the war and was beheaded in London in 1649. Britain became a republic known as the Commonwealth. In 1660 London welcomed the restoration of the monarchy. The second half of the century was even more devastating. Two Disasters stroke London. The Great Plague and the Great Fire
Contents Introduction...................................................3 London's early history.....................................45 The people of London......................................6 Buildings and bridges......................................7 Intruduction London is the capital of the united kingdom (UK), which is made up of Great Britain(England, Scotland, Wales) and Northern Ireland. The city lies in the southeast of England and covers an area of about 1,578 square kilometres on either side of the River Thames. With population of seven million, London is by far the largest city in the UK. Birmingham, the second largest, has just over one million inhabitants. Cultural life London is the worldclass centre. It has more than40 theatres, where audiences enjoy everything from musicals to William
THE U.K Different Parts The United Kingdom is a short way of saying the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The UK is the political name for those countries which share a parliament in London. All of them were at one time independent kingdoms with their own monarch. Now they are all part of the same kingdom and share the same monarch. The UK consists of Northern Ireland, Scotland, England and Wales. The peoples of these countries are British subjects; they hold British passports and therefore their nationality is British. The british Isles is the geographical name for all the islands off the west coast of Europe. These islands also include The Republic of Ireland, which is politically independent of the Britsh government. Many people refer to the inhabitants of the British isles as 'the English', but England is only one of the countries
relations and defence. Great Britain Across / 'krs / risti, läbi, põiki Locality / l'kælt / asukoht, paikkond Inland body / 'nlænd 'bd / sisemaine osa Inlet / 'nlet / merekäär, laht Headland / 'hedlnd / neem Scour / 'ska / küürima Foreshore / 'f:: / tõusu ja mõõna vaheline rand Recreational / rekr'enl / lõõgastumis-, vabaaja- Scenery / 'si:nr / maastik Juxtaposition / dkstpz'in / kõrvuti asetsev GB consists of England, Scotland and Wales. GB is only a dot on the world map. It offers a great variety and scenic contrasts are often within easy reach. The coastline is washed by the tidal system twice a day. Britain´s speciality is the man-made scenery. Each part of the country has its peculiar geographical features. England Indented / n'dentd / sakiline Estuary / 'estjr / suudmelaht
current which flows past the British Isles and brings warm water from the Gulf of Mexico. Steady south-west winds blow across the current and bring warmth in winter. In summer, the ocean waters are cooler than the land. Winds over the waters come to Britain as refreshing breezes. The sea winds also bring plentiful rains. Britain is not as cold as most places so far north. Summers are mild, with daytime highs about 220C in the south, about 180C in Scotland. Winters are cool – night-time temperatures drop nearly to freezing, but rarely much below, except in the colder Scottish highland areas. Within Britain there are differences of climate and rainfall between north and south, east and west. The north is on average 5 0C cooler than the south. The heaviest rains fall in the highland areas of the west and north. The surface is varied too. The north and west are mountainous or hilly. Much of the south and east is flat or low- lying
in the end thanks to a clever strategy William I, also known as William the Conqueror, replaced King Harold on the throne The invasion was completed by 1071 - The Norman invasion is depicted on the Bayeux Tapestry a long embroidered cloth The death of King Harold embroidered on the Bayeux Tapestry The Norman England William I ensured his power by dividing the land into parts and making 1/7 of it a royal domain He made his nobles swear an oath of allegiance and become his vassals Died in 1087 while fighting in France, was succeeded by his third son, William II Rufus William II was very unpopular: - Problems with the church - Increased taxes and claimed the money of many positions of the church William the Conqueror began building the Tower of London one of the most notorious prisons in the world After William II died in 1100 due to an incident
Mary (catholic), The queen of Scots, was executed by Elizabeth I. Elizabeth had no heir. The power of the English monarch increased in this period. Bubonic plaguse killed one third of the population in England during its first outbreak and continued to reappear periodically for another 300 years. 1605 The Gunpowder plot The 17th century James I became the first English king of the Stuart dynasty, he was already James VI of Scotland so the crowns of these two countries were united The goverments continued to seperate, but the linguistic differences were lessened The kind of Middle English spoken in lowland Scotland had developed into a written language known as Scots Scottish Protesntant church adopted English Bibles. English became the written standard in Scotland as well The link between religion and politics became intense
-1400): · The father of English poetry · The creator of English versification · The first poet to use various metres · Laid the foundation of the new literary English language · Wrote in Middle English · An active man of affairs, who belonged to the middle class · Spoke Latin, French, Italian the important languages of the time · Worked as a diplomat for a time · Translated works into English (from Latin, French, Italian) · Favourite of the royal court · At the time of his death was regarded as a great poet and was buried in Westminster · As a writer he was very prolific · His early works show a strong influence of French and Italian poets, especially the great Italian Renaissance geniuses Boccaccio, Dante, Petrarch · His masterpiece "The Canterbury Tales": o He imitates what Boccaccio does in Decameron. Introduces frame story/narrative
annaabi.ee 
Sisene Facebook'ga
Sisene Google'ga
Sisene LinkedIn'ga
