The Cuban Missile Crisis
Vanessa Viira , Agris Janisk, Nikita Mikson 10 d
Backround of Cuba
Fidel Castro established Communist government in 1959
Took over the bussinesses of the US
Castro was attempted to be overthrowed, April 1961, inavsion of Bay of Pigs
Missile sites were built in Cuba in summer 1962
The USSRs sent a shipment full of military equipment in autumn 1962
Why was the USSR interested in helping Cuba?
A Communist state
A good launch base for the USSR
Nikita Khrushchev wanted to test the strenght of John F. Kennedy and force
him to bargain over the US missile in Europe
What happened?
Photos of missile sites on Cuba were taken by spy planes , October 14, 1962
Photos revealed to the Us the day after
President Kennedy formed the EXCOMM ( Executive Committee of the National
Security Council )
Possible courses of action
1)Do nothing
2)Diplomacy
3)Warning
4)Blockade
5)Air strike
6)Invasion
The responses were considered and ExComm started making the choice
between an air strike and a naval blockade.
Blockade
On October 19 ExComm chose the blockade option.
The choice provoked the USSR
President Kennedy blockaded Cuba on October 21
Speech to the nation
President Kennedy gave a nation-wide speech on October 22 announcing the
discovery of the missiles and describing the plan.
The military level of the US was increased to level DEFCON 3.
Castro mobilized his army
Khrushchevs letters
President Kennedy received
the first letter from
Khrushchev on October 23
Khrushchev sent another letter
to President Kennedy
offering a deal on October 26
Crisis end
On October 28 Khrushchev announces to remove all missiles from Cuba
The blockade continues
Missiles were taken out from Cuba on November 5-9
The blockade was formally taken down on November 21
Kennedy replies
President Kennedy replied to the letter on October 27.
He stated that he agrees to take down the quarantine, if Khrurhchev agrees to
remove the weapons from Cuba
With the letter the deal was on the table, however there was little expectance it
would be accepted.
Outcome of the Crisis
Cuba remained a heavily armed communist country
Nuclear war was prevented
Betrayed Castro
Hotline between Moscow -Washington was established
Limited Test Ban Treaty banning nuclear tests in the athmosphere, outer space
and under water was formed, October 10, 1963
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