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2017-06-01
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Tallinn Mustamäe College G2K Jaana-Kristiina Jõgevest The Four oldest churches of Tallinn Report Supervisor: Ingrid Teigar Tallinn 2009 The Dome Church The Danes began fortification of Toompea after the conquest of Tallinn in 1219 and probably also built the first church there. It was presumably a wooden building located at the site of the present cathedral. However, a serious conflict with the Order of the Brothers of the Sword broke out soon as the latter wanted to gain control of the entire Estonia. The order succeeded in subordinating Tallinn and the whole of North Estonia to its rule in 1227. The monks of the Dominican Order began the construction of a stone church in Toompea in 1229
Pikk Hermann is the best-known corner tower among the three surviving ones of Toompea Castle. It is 46 metres high and serves as one of Estonia's landmarks. Tall Hermann was a traditional name given to the main towers of German castles. After the 50-year long Soviet occupation, the Estonian blue-black-white tricolour was once again hoisted on Pikk Hermann on 24 February 1989. The Cathedral of St. Mary the Virgin (Toomkirik or the Dome Church) was consecrated as a single- nave church with a rectangular chancel in 1240, and rebuilt into a Gothic basilica thereafter. The church suffered in the fire of 1684 and was largely reconstructed. A baroque tower was added in the 18th century and the dated weather-vane (1779) crowning the spire is the only original one on Toompea today. The church has a valuable collection of Baltic German noblemen's coats of arms, since it was the Baltic nobility's parish church. Many of them were carved from wood by the famous Tallinn wood
named before the qonquest, marking the destination they finally led, like Harju and Viru Street. Foreigners usually had different names for such streets. The streets were paved since the beginning of the 14th century. Pikk Jalg was among the first to be paved. Town Hall Square got its cover in 1310. There were no streetlights. The houses had no numbers and were known by the owner's name. Churches The Cathedral of St. Mary the Virgin (the Dome Church) was consecrated in 1240. The church suffered in the fire of 1684 and was largely reconstructed. A Baroque tower was added in the 18th century and the dated weather-vane (1779) crowning the spire is the only original one on Toompea today. Among other functions, the church served as a burial ground for the rich and the noble. The church also features grave slabs, an oaken Baroque altar by Christian Ackermann and a number of monuments to famous people (e.g. Pontus de la Gardie. Karl Horn and Admiral Adam Johann Krusenstern)
Estonian sculptors, has been standing for several decades. Lai Street stretches from Nunne Street to Pikk Street. Parallel with Pikk Street, Lai Street, too, ends at the Great Coast Gate (first mentioned 1359). Lai Street is very wide considering that it was laid out in the Middle Ages. This is because it sprang up on both sides of former city wall. Lai is quite a peaceful street with few shops. However, it has three museums and two theatres. The main entrance into St Olaf´s Church also faces the street. Several Lai Street houses have kept their Gothic appearance and even interiors, although we can also notice moderate Nordic Baroque, Neoclassicicm, Historicism and even Art Nouveau. The origin of the name "Lai" Lai Street belongs among the oldest streets of Tallinn. Despite its length and width its share in the city's inner traffic is fairly modest. The extraordinary width of the street is likely due to
In any case, the tower has served a number of different functions throughout its history. It has been used a storehouse for gunpowder and weapons, and as a prison. Now it's home to the Estonian Maritime Museum, which provides a detailed look at the nation's seafaring past. 3 churches of the lower town Niguliste - 13th-century Gothic church-turned art museum. Destroyed during World War II and rebuilt during Soviet times, the church now houses a fascinating collection of medieval religious art, with altars from the 15th and 16th centuries, a collection of Baroque and Renaissance chandeliers, and a 'silver chamber.' The church is also known for its acoustics Holy Spirit - 13th-century church adjacent Town Hall Square sports an impressive Baroque tower as well as an ornate, outdoor clock that's said to be one of the most photographed objects in Tallinn. A two-aisled church. St Olaf - St
election of the first Mayor was held. In 1245 Henry III began his lifetime work of rebuilding Westminster Abbey, which was re- consecrated in 1269. An other building project of the medieval period was Old St. Paul's Cathedral which was finished in 1280. Tudor London 1485-1603 When Henry VII took the throne in 1485, the population of the city of London was about 75,000. By 1600 that number had risen to 200,000. London also grew in importance under the Tudor rule. As the Roman Catholic Church didn't give Henry VIII a divorce he wanted, he changed the entire religion of England. He also started to build ships, as Britain's navy expanded and Britain began exploring the world. Henry VIII also united England and Wales. During the reign of Elizabeth I, London was a wealthy and successful city. Culture was very important. London's first theatre " The Theatre" was opened in 1576. To escape censorship by the City's Lord Mayor the Globe and the Rose theatres were rebuilt in
The multifunctional hall, with its advanced sound, video, cinema and lighting systems and its parquet floored stage, which can easily be readjusted, is an excellent venue for organising demanding cultural events: concerts, dance and drama shows, film nights or scientific conferences. In addition to the auditorium, which has 245 seats, one can also use the meeting room for 15 people and two interpreter cabins provided with digital equipment. Niguliste Museum The St. Nicholas' Church, consecrated to merchants' and seamen's patron St Nicholas, is architectually one of the most integral and harmonious medieval churches in Estonia. Its history goes back to the 13th century it is assumed to have been founded around 1230 by German merchants. While Tallinn was still unfortified, the church with heavy bars for closing the entrances, loopholes and hiding places for refugees served also military purposes. When
Stenbock House ● It’s the official seat of Government and the Government office of Estonia since 2000. One of the most remarkable government buildings in the wholw of Europe with it’s architecture and location. Bears the name of its builder, Jakob Stenbock. He agreed to undertake the building of the court house, but the state failed to pay him. But hoping to maintain further interest in house, he decided to finish it. St. Mary’s Cathedral ● Oldest church in Tallinn and mainland Estonia. It is assumed that the building started in 1219. Largest collection of epitaphs. Organ built in 1878, probably the most powerful in Estonia. The interior is filled with coats of arms from the 17th to the 20th centuries as well as tombstones. Right in front of the main entrance on the floor reads Otto Johann Thuve, 1696AD, he was a landlord, a don juan of Tallinn. Asked to be buried at the threshold of the church, so that
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