arch - advocates in literature of most that the transcendentalists stood for were Emerson and Thoreau; and the two documents which most definitely give literary expression to their views were Emerson’s Nature (1836) and Thoreau’s Walden (1854). East coast dominance of the Am lit scene was broken by Mark Twain, the pen- name of Samuel Longhorne Clemens (1835-1910). Twain, who grew up in Missouri along the banks of the Mississippi, wrote about cowboys, stagecoach drivers and low-life
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