Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "Inglise keele riigieksami kirjutamise spikker / suur kokkuvõte". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
closing, express, could, remarks, fact, first, inform, points, letter, advice, conclusion, reason, hope, report, again, other, know, recommendation, letters, invitation, accept, statement, rate, advantage, further, consider, person, introduction, things, giving, final, kirj, please, peak, words, examples, support, place, addition, argue, whole, referWriting Letter/Email [ greeting- PH1 Opening remarks, reason for writing-PH2,3 developments(arengud)-PH4 closing remarks- sign off] Informal- are sent to people you know well. Semi-formal- to your friend parents Formal-are normally sent to people an (friends, relatives) ect.. official position or to people u dont know well
Letters Letters FORMAL, INFORMAL, TRANSACTIONAL TASK 1 Read the extracts and answer the questions. · Where are the extracts from? · What is the purpose of each letter? · How do they differ? · Which extracts are examples of formal letters? · How is the reader addressed in a formal letter? · What are the closing remarks for formal letters? · What is the salutation in a friendly letter? · How would you end extracts 1,2,3 ? · How would you begin the extracts 4 and 5? 1. Dear Mr Miller, I received your kind invitation to the reception. Unfortunately, owing to other commitments. I will be unable to attend ... 2. Dear Ralph, l just got your invitation to the company's event. l `m afraid I can't make it because I've a/ready made plans which l can "t change ... 3. Dear Sirs,
WRITING LETTERS Letters of invitations Formal Informal Opening We would be honoured if you, I wish to I'm writing to invite you to, Why don't you remarks cordially invite you to, Your presence is come and spend some time, Please come required at, You are invited to attend, etc. to, I'd love it if you could come to, etc. Closing We should be grateful if you could inform I love to see you again, I hope you'll be remarks us, We hope to see you, Please indicate able to make it, Please let me know as whether you will be able to attend, etc. soon as possible, I'm looking forward to, etc. Accepting an invitation
LETTER OF APOLOGY Opening remarks: I am writing to apologise for/ I must apologise for/ Please accept my sincerest apologies for/ How can I apologise enough for .... , etc. Making amends: Please allow me to offer/ suggest .... As compensation (for) ... I insist on + ing form to make up your inconvenience/ loss, etc. Closing remarks: Once again, sincerest apologies for/ I hope you will accept my apologies/ I hope my apologies will be/ are accepted, etc. I hople you will forgive/overlook this regrettable error. THANK YOU LETTER Opening remarks:I am writing to thank you for.../ I am very grateful to you for .. Giving reasons for your positive experience:I am pleased that .../ One of the best things.../It has helped me a great deal Closing remarks: Once again, many thanks... NB! Thank twice!
FORMAL LETTER 120 (+/-10%) words I It is a formal letter. Do not use any contracted forms (don’t, can’t, I’m etc.)! II * Dear Mr. Smith / Dear Ms. Smith (No first name!!!) * Kui teame nime, siis lõpp – Yours sincerely ja ülesandes antud nimi * Kui nime pole öeldud, siis – Dear Sir or Madam * Kui nime ei tea, siis lõpus Yours faithfully ja ülesandes antud nimi Do not use your own name!!! Te olete kas Jürid või Marid, Urved või Urmased jne. Enamasti Mart Mets või Mari Mets TYPES OF LETTERS 1) Asking for advice I am writing to ask if you could help me with …
Useful language FORMAL LETTERS Letters objecting to someone's plans I am writing to express my concern /disappointment / alarm at hearing ... I was extremely alarmed/sorry/distressed to hear about your plans to ... As I think you know, ... May I point out that ... I feel I really must object to ... I am extremely concerned at the thought that ... It must be very clear that ... If these proposals go ahead, ... will happen. Another threat to ... , if these proposals go ahead, would come from ... I dread to imagine what damage this will cause. May I respectfully suggest that you ...
Smith (ja eesnime ei tohi kirjutada!!!) * Kui teame nime, siis lõpp Yours sincerely ja allkiri ja ülesandes antud nimi * Kui nime pole öeldud, siis Dear Sir or Madam * Kui nime ei tea, siis lõpus Yours faithfully ja allkiri ja ülesandes antud nimi Enda nime ei tohi mitte mingil juhul kirjutada!!!!! Te olete kas Jürid või Marid, Urved või Urmased jne. Kirjade tüübid: 1) Kui peate kirjutama kirja , kus tuleb kelleltki nõu küsida, siis alustage: I am writing to ask if you could help me with... I am writing to ask for your advice... Ja lõpetage I would appreciate if you could give me your advice as soon as possible või I look forward to receiving your advice... 2) Kui peate kirjutama kirja , kus tuleb ise nõustada, siis alustage: I am writing in reply to your letter asking advice about.... Ettepanekuid tehke nii ---- I would suggest that, I would advise you to... If I were you, I would do ( teine tingimuslause. Ja saate plussid veel keerulise konstruktsiooni eest)
Greeting, name, position, opening formalities Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Good afternoon, everyone. Good morning. My name's (...). I'm the new Finance Manager. Good morning. Let me start by saying just a few words about my own background. I started out in... Welcome to Standard Electronics. I know I've met some of you, but just for the benefit of those I haven't, my name's (...). It's very nice to see you all here today. I'm very pleased to be here. I'm glad you could all make it. Thanks for inviting me. Thank you (all) for coming. Title/Subject I'd like to talk (to you) today about ... I'm going to present the recent ... explain our position on ... introduce ... brief you on ... inform you about ... describe ... The subject of my talk focus presentation
Paragraph 1 Reason for writing, name of the available position (+add the source, if available) I am writing to apply for the post advertised in... I am writing in response to your advertisement in... Paragraph 2, 3 What are you doing now, previous experience Qualifications (also personality traits, if necessary) NB! Relevant information I have graduated from... (with honors) My degree is in... I attended a.... course Final paragraph + closing sentence Closing remarks: thank the person for considering your application, ask the person to consider you for the job, mention the possibility of further communication. I have enclosed my CV... I am enclosing my curriculum vitae together with two references, I would be happy to provide any further information, if you wish me to attend an interview, I am available at any time, Thank you for considering my application. NB! I look forward to hearing from you. Sign-of
Essay 200 (+/- 10%) words The text consists of 4-5 paragraphs discussing a specified topic. Usually the task contains points you have to discuss. Make sure they are all covered! Keep in mind! Formal language – no slang, so contracted forms, colloquialisms, try to avoid repetition of words. Indented lines! Clear paragraphs with one central idea. Avoid strong feelings 8everybody hates... it is absurd to believe...) and strong personal expressions Use generalization (children assume…), but do not use overgeneralizations (all children assume…)
A report is based on facts/data etc. The writer knows more than the reader. The reader needs the information. A report should be clear and easy to follow. The person who reads it should find the information quickly. THINK: why you are writing the report, why the reader needs your report and what she might be interested in. Think about the best way to present the facts. If it’s a report of events (e.g. a traffic accident), describe them in chronological order. It should NOT be written like a letter! NO salutation/sign-off. Impersonal style (PASSIVE!), unless you make suggestions or give personal opinion – then you can use “I”. Formal language –no contractions, slang, etc. You can use the following format at the beginning of the report: To: From: (DO NOT write your own name. A member of the student committee etc. is fine) Subject: Basic structure 200 (+/- 10%) Introduction: Aim of the report
Writing a formal letter in English An example of a task: You are trying to find accommodation for yourself in London while studying at a college there. You have the task of writing to Mr Sabir Siddique who has put the following advertisement in the newspaper. Read the advertisement and the notes you have made. Then write your letter to Mr. Siddique. Write a letter of 120 words. Do not write any addrsses. Flat to let Finsbury Park how far from central London? 10 minutes from Manor House tube Self-contained ground floor flat big enough for two? Bedroom, living room, study room Fully furnished what furniture? 90 pounds per week any extras to pay like electricity? Ideal for student 36 Stewart Street does it have a phone? available how soon? London N4 2PP 0181 809 7985
synthesize your important personal characteristics and experiences in a coherent whole while simultaneously addressing your desire to attend that particular college Selecting the Essay Topic The key to a strong essay is a good topic. When selecting a topic, you should keep in mind to choose a topic that allows you to demonstrate your skills and individuality, a topic that answers the essay question while telling the reviewers what they really want to know. To begin with, you should first read the essay question carefully and try to understand what the reviewers want to know, keep in mind that essay questions are designed to let the reviewers judge why you should be admitted to that particular college. There are several different kinds of essay questions. Some of the most common types of essay questions and the purposes behind them are given below: Key Influence Questions: 2
included; and reasons c) a conclusion in which you restate your opinion using different words. Conclusion Final paragraph Restate your opinion, using different words Points to consider * you may include more · First decide whether you agree or disagree viewpoints, and therefore more with the subject of the topic and make a list paragraphs in the main body of your points and reasons. · Write well-developed paragraphs consisting of more than one sentence. · Begin each paragraph with a topic sentence which summarises what the paragraph is about.
Dear Sir/Madam (,) ----- Yours faithfully (,) (no name) Dear Ms/Mr Smith (,) ---- Yours sincerely (,) (w/ name) Layout My address Name Receiver’s name Address Salutation ( Dear Sir/Madam, Dear Mr/Ms/Mrs/Miss) Introduction: WHY I am writing Main body of the letter: WHAT I want to say ONE thing at a time; explain Conclusion: Solution, polite closure, reference for future meeting etc. Sign off (Yours faithfully, yours sincerely) Name Letter of Complaint 1. Salutation 2. Reasons for writing I am writing to complain about a kettle … 3. Complaint with justification / explanation I was disappointed with the quality of the kettle that I bought at your store two days ago.
This is Jane Smith. I'm Jane Smith. My name's John Smith. Informal introduction Hi. John. Jane. Hello. Titles: Mr Mrs Miss Ms Ms is a modern form of address for women. It replaces the traditional forms of Mrs and Miss. Greetings Good morning/afternoon/evening! 'How are you?' Very often people expect you to say something positive. Here's a breakdown of how you can express how you really are without complaining too much. · Fine, thanks. / On top of the world, thanks. · OK, thanks · Not so bad, thanks. / Can't complain, thanks. · So so, thanks. / So and so, thanks. · Not so good, actually 1 The English alphabet Spelling Work with your partner and spell out first your name and then some
UNIT 1 Writing in the Business World Writing gives structure and form to our ideas. In the business world this is done for a purpose: to persuade, recommend, offer advice, give an order, etc. The business text must therefore be easily and quickly read and its message must be understood exactly as intended. If you learn to recognize and avoid the more common errors of information control, grammar and style, you will achieve this aim. You will write more confidently and more correctly if you check everything you write. Pay particular attention to the following:
Chapter 18 Chapter 39 Chapter 59 Chapter 19 Chapter 40 Chapter 60 Chapter 20 Chapter 41 Chapter 61 Chapter 21 Chapter 42 Chapter 1 It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters. "My dear Mr. Bennet," said his lady to him one day, "have you heard that Netherfield Park is let at last?" Mr. Bennet replied that he had not. "But it is," returned she; "for Mrs. Long has just been here, and she told me all about it." Mr. Bennet made no answer. "Do you not want to know who has taken it
This report looks at the dietary habits of twenty students in their final year at Freedonian Secondary School. The report is based on the students' responses to the questionnaire administered by the school's doctor. Meals The survey have revealed that the students do not have enough meals. Only eight of those questioned eat before school, and half of them have their midday meal at school. Worryingly, as few as four students have both breakfast and school lunch. Still more disturbing is the fact that an alarming proportion--approximately onethird--of the students have neither. Eating brown bread Interestingly enough, bread, a good source of fiber, enjoys popularity among young people. 75 per cent of the students surveyed eat three or more slices of brown bread per day, with only a quarter of respondents restricting themselves to one or two slices. Eating fat As regards fat consumption, the majority of the students eat margarine
We're only paying what is due you, mother. Why must you go away in such a hurry? MADAME PERNELLE Because I can't endure your carryings-on, And no one takes the slightest pains to please me. I leave your house, I tell you, quite disgusted; You do the opposite of my instructions; You've no respect for anything; each one Must have his say; it's perfect pandemonium. DORINE If . . . MADAME PERNELLE You're a servant wench, my girl, and much Too full of gab, and too impertinent And free with your advice on all occasions. DAMIS But . . . MADAME PERNELLE You're a fool, my boy--f, o, o, l Just spells your name. Let grandma tell you that I've said a hundred times to my poor son, Your father, that you'd never come to good Or give him anything but plague and torment. MARIANE I think . . . MADAME PERNELLE O dearie me, his little sister! You're all demureness, butter wouldn't melt In your mouth, one would think to look at you. Still waters, though, they say . . . you know the proverb;
information about a product or service offered by that person or company. These letters are often written in response to an advertisement. 1. What is the intended purpose of the inquiry that I intend to write? 2. Who is the intended recipient? 3. How can I let my recipient know that I am seriously interested in their product/service/job offer? General Rules to Follow: Be polite. Be clear and organized about what you want/need to know. Express thankfulness for time and effort. The K.I.S.S. principle keep it short and simple SAMPLE LETTER Dear Ms Smith I am writing in response to your advertisement to enquire about the pub and restaurant placement in England. /I am writing to enquire about the pub and restaurant placement in England, as advertised by you. To start with, where in England/in which area of England is the workplace located? Could you also tell me which positions are
How to Write a Design Report Summary A design report is the written record of the project and generally is the only record that lives once the design team disbands at the end of the project. The report has three sections. The first section describes the problem that was being solved and provides the background to the design. The second section describes the design and the third section evaluates how well the design worked by comparing its performance to the design requirements. The report starts with a short executive summary that contains a synopsis of the three sections. The body of the report is relatively short. Appendices to the
com. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. The publisher is not engaged in rendering professional sevices, and you should consult with a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
Subject: Suggested improvements Date:2nd May 2011 The purpose of this report is to comment on conditions in the college and to make recommendations for possible improvements. Although conditions are generally good, there are one or two problems. Firstly, in large classes, there is not much desk space. Secondly, the classrooms tend to be darl, especially in the winter months. Finally, during video lessons, some of us find it difficult to see screen properly. There are number of changes that could be made in order to improve the situation. To begin with, I would strongly suggest that the number of students per class kept to below ten. In this way... To sump up, while most of us are satisfied with the conditions, I feel that above improvements would make things even better. If these suggestions were carried out... Complaint Dear Sir I am writing to complain about the holiday apartment I rented from you on 15th of August. I believe your advertisement was misleading in a number of ways.
Formal transactional letter Complaining: I am writing to you about (several problems related to my city break in June). I have been waiting for (two weeks for replay to my letter). To make matters worse, (we were informed that there was no record of our cheque being cashed). I am writing to complain about... I am sorry to inform you that... I was very disappointed with... I have some complaints about... I would be grateful if you could (refund the cost of the holiday as soon as possible.) Requesting: I am writing in response to (your advertisement in The Daily Standard on July 20th) I would be grateful if you could (send me further details about the position) I am writing to enquire whether (you colud let me have further details about the holiday) I would like to know more about (the arrangements for the evening meal) I am writing for information about... I would like to learn/ know more about...
depends on the length of the essay. Each paragraph should begin with a topic sentence. The following sentences should enlarge on the theme, give examples, etc. If it is an essay discussing the advantages and disadvantages of something, the advantages should be grouped together and so should be the disadvantages. One paragraph should only talk about one thing, aspect, etc. If a new thought begins, a new paragraph should be started, too. In essays that express the writer's opinion mainly, one paragraph (usually the last one before the conclusion) should be reserved for the opposing viewpoint. When writing an essay, information should not be unnecessarily repeated. The same is true for grammatical patterns and vocabulary: different grammatical patterns and words make the essay more interesting and easily readable. As an essay is a formal piece of writing, contractions (e.g. isn't, aren't, etc.) are not acceptable because they are not formal enough
approaches to metaphor. Part IV, new to this edition, examines the four theories of metaphor. Features of Philosophy of Language include: · new chapters on Frege and puzzles, inferentialism, illocutionary theories of meaning, and relevance theory · chapter overviews and summaries · clear supportive examples · study questions · annotated further reading · glossary Praise for the First Edition: "This exceptional text fulfils two essential criteria of a good introduc- tory textbook in the philosophy of language: it covers a broad range of topics well, all of which are the basis of current active research, and does so in an accurate manner accessible to undergraduate students." Mike Harnish, University of Arizona ". . . an excellent textbook for teaching. The examples throughout are
RSVP by 15 September. 1 Kirjapraktika Portfoolio 2013 c) postcard Hi Dad Being in Portugal has been amazing so far. Jeremy and I have seen so many wonderful things. We've been swimming almost every day. I have also enjoyed the vibrant night life they enjoy here, we went dancing last night. I only wish I could share more of it with you guys. I miss you all so much. Lots of love and kisses to everyone! Love Regina 3. Descriptions a) an object My bed in the dormitory is a bunk bed. It is a huge old light brown wooden piece of furniture. It squeaks when I switch sides or when I climb into it. I sleep on the second level and sometimes I am truly scared for my life. It is not as sturdy as I would like it to be. The bottom step on the ladder is
although there are certain similarities fast in the town. 2 fall through 6 go down with in our physical build. I also seem to 4 Well, he would keep misbehaving 3 tip off 7 come to have inherited his big feet, unluckily in class. 4 come up with 8 mistake for for me. It was the first thing my parents 5 Well, you would keep eating too noticed when I was born! 3 1 Laura was offered a place at much. Personality-wise, I've got a lot of my Manchester University but she dad's traits in me. We're both quite bubbly and friendly (or so people
Writing letters Main rules !!!Always write something on the "Subject" line (university emails: e.g. name or code of the course, then issue, topic etc) If the matter is urgent, you may write so on the "Subject" line Start and end your email properly (also making sure the other person knows who you are) "you" is spelled with a capital letter only at the beginning of a sentence, NEVER in the middle In official emails do not abbreviate (e.g., "I am" instead of "I'm", "do not" instead of "don't", "cannot" instead of "can't" etc). Also, do not use colloquial expressions such as "fyi" etc. Pay attention to punctuation and spelling use spell check. Specifics beginning a letter If you don't know the name of the recipient: Dear Sir/Madam, To whom it may concern, If you know the name of the recipient:
5 The thief grabbed my bag and ran The photos are connected with the 1B Past and perfect tenses off. topic of school. Both photos show page 4 6 He dropped a leaf into the water students in class. In the first photo I imagine that 1 1 ate and watched it drift under the they're about 13 years old. 2 have/'ve met bridge. It looks like a science lesson 3 have/'ve caught 7 As she got older, her health
I agree that in a small town it is often harder to find the right resources for going abroad. Some years ago I felt this kind of situation very clearly. I really wanted to see the world! The only question was how, because my financial resources were limited. Nevertheless, I think, it is the perfect situation in life. If you are eager to get something you have to think how it is possible to fulfill your dreams. I knew I was interested in writing and photography . Then came the question, how could I combine them. I examined the theme thoroughly and to my suprise there have always been many nationwide competitions for students and the prize sometimes has been a journey to somewhere. I rememember clearly that the first prize that I got for an essay was a backpack and the first journey that I won was to Brussels. To this day, thanks to these competitions, I have had the chance to visit about ten foreign countries and many of them even twice
.............................. 3 Making offers........................................................................ 5 Making requests ................................................................... 6 Expressing possibility/probability......................................... 7 Asking about possibilities ..................................................... 7 Infinitives ............................................................................. 8 Introduction Modal Verbs are can, could, may, might, must, will, would, shall, should, ought to. They are known as modal auxiliary verbs because they ‘help’ another verb, i.e. they are always used with another verb in its base form. e.g. I can swim. Do you think I should go? Characteristics of Modal Verbs • There is no -s in the third person singular: She can ski. He must be tired. It might rain. • They are used to form questions and negatives: Shall we go for a walk? What should I do?
annaabi.ee 
