Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "France business etiquette". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
france, french, formal, etiquette, know, europe, import, part, economy, partners, important, other, than, language, finger, person, considered, good, germany, italy, spain, north, open, hand, instead, symbol, approval, sign, telephone, until, respect, work, call, rude, perceived, points, country, western, shares, paris, nominal, figures, export, belgiumnot in public! Speaking in a loud voice is considered rude, as Finns themselves are quiet. Remember to look Finns in the eye. Looking down or to the side is a sign of dishonesty in Finland. If you want to visit a Finnish friend, always let them know in advance. Privacy is very important to the Finns. When you visit a Finnish home, always take off your shoes or bring a pair of shoes you can wear indoors with you. Always remember to say `Thank you' after a meal if you have been invited for a dinner. It is usual for all Finns to pay for their own meal in a restaurant. You can still politely suggest that you would be happy to pay for your companion's meal.
to freedom during the "Singing Revolution" of 1989-91. Manners Estonians on the whole are quiet and reserved. They tend to speak softly and do not like to draw attention to themselves. Being rational, calm and not going to emotional extremes are all qualities that respected. At first Estonians can come across as aloof. Once a relationship warms up this becomes less so. Meeting and Greeting Greetings can come across as rather formal and rather reserved. Men should initiate greetings with women and the younger person always greets the older person. When meeting someone make sure you are stood up, offer direct eye contact and give a nice firm handshake. The most common greeting is "tere" ("hello"). Titles are very important. "Härra" is for Mr, "Prova" is Mrs and "Preili" is Miss. All should be followed with the surname. Only use first names once you have been invited to do so. Gift Giving Etiquette
10.ENTERTAINMENT · .Do not be late for a dinner party. Arrive within 5 to 15 minutes after the time on the invitation. Never arrive before the time you were invited. If you are going to be more than 15 minutes late, phone your hosts and apologize. · If offered a second helping of food, feel free to take what you like. Americans like people to eat a lot. · When you are invited to an event, it is very important to call or drop a note letting the host know if you will attend. · Do not be afraid of hurting someone's feelings by responding "no" to an invitation. People will be offended if you say you will attend and then do not come. · If an invitation reads "6:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m.," leave very close to the ending time. 11.HELPFUL HINTS FOR A FOREIGNER · .It is considered rude to stare, ask questions or otherwise bring attention to someone's disability. · Smoking is very unpopular in the United States.
Etiquette in england *meeting and greeting · The British are reserved, which may cause them to appear cool and indifferent or overly formal. In fact, they are very friendly and helpful to foreigners. · Shake hands with everyone present men, women, and children at business and social meetings. Shake hands again when leaving. · Use last names and appropriate titles until specifically invited by your British hosts or colleagues to use their first names. *body language · The English tend to keep about an 23 feet between them while speaking. · Touching is usually kept to a minimum.
According to Canadian census 2011, 1.4 mln people of Aboriginal origin (4.3%): 852,000 First Nations persons, 452,000 Métis, 59,000 Inuit. Indian (First Nations) - No written history before the contact with Europeans. Chief historical sources European priests, travellers and traders not interested in the preservation of "pagan"myths. Different estimates about their number in Canada when Europeans reached North America from 300,000 to 1 mln. Saw themselves as part of nature, not as its masters. The First Nations were called "Indians" by Christopher Columbus when he landed in North America, because he thought he had reached India. Many now prefer to call themselves First Nations, though many still call themselves Indians in everyday conversation. They are still legally categorized by the Canadian Government under the Indian Act as Status Indians. Those who have lost their legal status are called Non-Status Indians
......................................................................................................7 Plants............................................................................................................................7 Animal life................................................................................................................... 7 Natural Resources........................................................................................................ 8 Economy...................................................................................................................... 8 Population and Ethnicity..............................................................................................9 3 Introduction The official name of the country is the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is an island country
........................... 12 Conclusion................................................................................................................................ 13 Used literature...........................................................................................................................14 Introduction I chose to make my report about the United States of America because it is really big country with a lot of people living there. Also, USA is really important to world's economy. I definitely would like to visit this country in the future to see the lifestyle of American people. Most of the greatest movies are filmed there, Americans are good in almost every sports and USA is one of the richest countries in the whole world. I would like to get to know more about this country and about it's people. Also, the nature of the United States seems interesting to me because it is so big country and there are a lot of different weather conditions
Subordinates- alluvad, persons who report to somebody Authority- right to make decisions and give orders Delegate- edasi andma, give authority to subordinates Initiative- omaalgatuslik, makes decisions without asking their manager Abroad- välismaal, in or to foreign country (2) A minefield-varitsevad ohud, a situation with hidden dangers A pitfall-hädaoht, a likely problem(7) A custom- tava, something done in a society because of tradition (1) Etiquette- etikett, formal rules for polite behaviour in society (3) Scheduled- plaaniline, arranged for a certain time To be a sign of- to show or represent (5) Offensive- solvav, rude or insulting (4) A compliment- something that expresses admiration Sensitive- able to understand others feelings (6) Impossible- võimatu Dissimilar- erinev Improbable- ebatõenäoline Disorganised- korratu Imprecise- ebatäpne Disrespectful- lugupidamatu
Quebec. 2. Geographical position Canada is a huge country in the continent of North America. It is bordered with the Atlantic Ocean in the east, the Pacific Ocean in the west, the United States of America in the south and the Arctic Ocean in the north. Canada is a vast country, with a territory of 3.8 million square miles of land and fresh water it is the second biggest country in the world after Russia. Canada covers most of the northern part of North America. Canada has over 151,480 miles of coastline. Most of Canada's human population lives along its southern border. 3. Relief Canada's geography is very diverse. It has huge lakes, evergreen forests, prairies, meadows and beautiful mountains. There are thousands of miles of coastline with beaches, fjords and wild rivers flowing to the oceans. Canada is a country of wide open spaces and beautiful
communities, they are the present English-speaking countries (USA, Australia, Canada, New Zealand) Trading Empire (dependencies) mainly ESL countries; British people were seen more as a small ruling class (India, Africa) 5. Australia, The USA, Canada, Sri Lanka, India & Pakistan, Irish Free State, Newfoundland, New Zealand, South Africa were the British colonies that became dominions. They were given "responsible government" and became part of the Commonwealth. The Head of State was the British monarch. Nowadays, the word "dominion" is not used. 6. The British Commonwealth of Nations freely unites Britain and its former colonies. Ireland 1. The first inhabitants were hunters and fishers from the European mainland in 6000 BC. In 200 BC, the Celts arrived. 2. Christianity was established during the 5th century by Saint Patrick, who is also Ireland's patron saint
and Albert Wendt. All have had an impact on the New Zealand literary scene in the 1980s and '90s. Award winning novelist Keri Hulme achieved worldwide literary status with her Booker Prize winning novel, The Bone People, in 1985 and is still writing from her home in the South Island. New Zealand Food & Wine New Zealand producers some of the world's tastiest fresh food. Besides many restaurants offering dishes from a wide variety of countries in Europe and Asia - France, Italy, Germany, Austria, Greece, China, Thailand, India and Vietnam - as well as growing numbers of Middle Eastern and Latin American restaurants, there is a Pacific-style New Zealand cuisine using the abundant fresh meats, fish, vegetables and fruit in a creative manner. New Zealand cuisine draws inspiration from Europe, Asia and Polynesia; Pacific-Rim is a distinctive fusion using many of our excellent fresh produce and seafood. Lamb, pork and
Technical English, Scientific English, English for medical professionals, English for waiters, English for tourism, English for Art Purposes, etc 4. What is the difference between settlement colonies and the trading empire (dependencies)? Settlement colonies were regions colonized by the UK that later established governments and became dominions and independent. Dependencies were regions in the world that became trading partners and where English became a second language. 5. Which British colonies became dominions? What was their status? Is the name dominion used for these countries nowadays? The first dominions were Canada (1867), Australia (1901), and New Zealand (1907) The name "dominion" is not used anymore. 6. Which organisation unites Britain and most of its former colonies nowadays? The Commonwealth unites Britain with its former colonies. Ireland 1. Who were the early inhabitants of Ireland?
THE CAPITALIST NIGER Chika Onyeani ………………………Every African must internalise this book - period….DAA INTRODUCTION In October 1960, Nigeria received its independence from Britain. By then, Ghana the former Gold Coast had been independent for three years under the great Osagyefo Kwame Nkumah. It was a time for celebrating Africa’s coming of age, as more and more African countries received their independence either from Britain or France. It was especially a poignant time for Africa, as then British Prime Minister Harold McMillan articulated his now famous “winds of change” sweeping Africa. We had high hopes for Africa, for the Black race, that the insidious imposition of foreign rule on us, the looting of Africa’s natural resources by our colonial masters accorded us would be things of history. That is more than forty years ago. Unfortunately, the promise of independence has not been fulfilled.
The United Kingdom The United Kingdom consists of England, Scotland, Wales and North Ireland and it is situated in the Atlantic Ocean near the mainland of Europe. The population of the UK is 58.6 million and area is 244,110 sq km. Britain has a temperate humid climate. Its characteristic features are mild winters, warm summer, no temperature extremes, abundant rain all year round and frequent changes of weather. The mild climate is partly due to the warm Gulf Stream and partly to the south westerly winds. Occasional winds from the east in winter may bring cold and dry weather. The distribution of rainfall is influenced by the Atlantic Stream
Where is it situated? What seas surround it? What kind of climate do you think Britain has? What is its surface like? What countries are situated on the islands? Which country are we going to study? Why? Location Land and climate affect life in every country. Britain is no exception. Britain is the largest island of the British Isles 1. It is just under 1,000 km long and just under 500 km across in its widest part. Britain is separated from the mainland of Europe by the North Sea on the east and the English Channel on the south – by only about 35 km of water at its closest point (the Strait of Dover 2). Most of the coastline is so broken by bays and inlets that no point on the island is more than 120 km from the sea. Climate and Surface Britain has a mild climate which is influenced by the Gulf Stream, an ocean
1. Ancient Britain: the Celtic tribes. 2000 years ago there was an Iron Age Celtic culture throughout the Br Isles. It seems that the Celts, who had been arriving from Europe from the 8th cent BC onward, intermingled with the peoples who were already there. The Celts were extremely talented people, creative and artistic. More than 1 Celtic tribe invaded Br. The descendants of ancient Celts live in Wales, Scotland, Cornwall and Ireland. They lived in primitive society. Druids priests, more powerful than chiefs. Acted like prophets. 2. Stonehenge From prehistoric period. Was built on Salisbury plain between 2500 and 1500 bc. One of the most
communication is used to emphasize the message that is being communicated 2 Communication style low vs high context cultures In high context countries (like Japan) meaning does not always have to be put into words; non-verbal clues are important+ the context where the situation takes place. In HCC you have to get to know your partner, build a relationship. In LCC meaning is made explicit and put into words. LCC tend to be task centered vs relationship-centered. polychronic vs monochronic cultures In polychronic cultures- many things are done at the same time, approach to deadline is flexible. In monochronic ones, one thing at a time, great stress on meeting deadlines and schedules Cyclical concept of time: Inspired by the daily and yearly routines of agricultural life. Time is not a scarce resource, it
2. a) The United Nations was thought to be more successful because ( unlike in the League of Nations ) all of the largest nations joined and they had armed force at its disposal. All the winning and neutral countries were members and all of them could be called on to provide troops to deal with aggression. b) The Security council was important because they met regulary and dealt with crises. The original members were Britain, the USA , the USSR, France and China, because they were the five victors in the II World War. The other six seats were given to states in rotation. The five victors also have extra power so they can cancel (veto) the UN's decisions ( any decision has to be passed by at least seven members and five of them have to be the so called'' Big Five''). I think it was allowed because those five were the major powers of the world on what the peace of the world depended .
BARRIERS TO DISTRICT HEATING DEVELOPMENT IN SOME EUROPEAN COUNTRIES Abstract District heating (DH) offers low primary energy demand, high security of supply and small CO 2 emissions. Barriers to DH in the UK, Ireland, France, Romania and the Czech Republic have been compiled through publications and interviews. DH systems require large investments, have negative initial cash flow and long payback time, which obstructs financing. One actor should control DH from source to consumption. If the value chain is fragmented, contracts are required between the links. It increases risks and financing costs, like in the UK and Ireland, where DH is not established. There are few multi-
Top management will consult subordinates. *Do not try to rush the decision - patience is very much appreciated. * The good news is that Australians do not find it hard to say "no", so the answer will be clear and straightforward. * Business hours are 9:00 am to 5:00 pm, Monday to Friday. *For business purposes, it is best to visit the country from March to November, as the tourist season occurs from December to February. Greetings and conversation *Australians are not very formal, so greetings are casual and relaxed – a handshake and a smile are appropriate. * English is the spoken language at business meetings. However, stick with standard terms; do not experiment with Australian terms. * Popular welcome topics include the weather, sports, anything related to Australia in a positive way is a good conversation starter. * Topics to avoid –religion and politics - unless the Australian counterpart brings it up
Syrian Arab Republic, more commonly known as Syria. The fertile land of Syria lies at the crossroads of great trade routes between the East and West. It is also the site of many holy places in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Because of these advantages, it has been invaded, conquered, and occupied by many different peoples over its long history. These groups include the Egyptians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, Romans, Arabs, European Crusaders, Mongols from Central Asia, Turks, British, and French. In 1946, the French gave up control over Syria, and the Syrian Arab Republic was created. Syria is a country in the Middle East bordering the Mediterranean Sea. Neighboring countries include Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey. The geography of Syria is primarily semiarid and desert plateau with a double mountain belt in the west. The government system is a republic under authoritarian regime. The chief of state is the President and the head of government is the Prime Minister
horses, wheels and chariots - all these things gave them an instant superiority over the native tribes. The Celts built a number of hill forts throughout the region. The society was divided into warrior aristocracy, agricultural commons and the priests, the druids. *Caesar in Britain - Britain was very rich in minerals but that wasn't the main reason Caesar wanted to defeat it. He could clearly see that Britain was a threat to his latest and greatest conquest - France. He invaded Britain twice, in 55 and 54 BC. The first invasion was unsuccessful - it gained a beachhead on the coast of Kent but achieved little else. The second was more successful, the Celts asked for truce. However it wasn't a victory he had imagined and Julius Caesar never returned to Britain after that. The island was left undisturbed for nearly a century. *The Roman occupation of Britain 43-410 and its legacy Britain was conquered by
inadequate housing. Huge media coverage "20-Point Program" · Present situation 1 Reservations situated west of the Mississippi 1% of the population Minority group, less privileged Social problems Self-awareness Mixture of old and new HOW GOVERNMENT ACTS NOW- gives natives money and near Las Vegas the right to own casinos to compensate injustice and taking away land. II First Settlements · Jamestown Colony (living conditions, population, plantations, import of slaves) First permanent English colony in North-America 214 settlers Searching for gold (none found) Strategically good location, James River Quite poor conditions. Starvation, diseases, lack of water, attacks of natives , fierce weather Tobacco plantations African slaves, working in tobacco harvest 1620 by Dutch boat. Also Englishmen (convicts and poor people) Mayflower and Pilgrim Fathers Mayflower- cargo ship In 1620 one hundred Puritans boarded the Mayflower
.................................................16 Literature used.............................................................................................................................17 Appendix 1...................................................................................................................................18 2 Introduction The aim of this research is to get know more about the Netherlands history and its geographical facts. This report is describing one of most the most beautiful countries in the Europe - Netherlands. Netherlands is famous for its windmills and flowers. Netherlands is also known unofficially as Holland. Government is constitutional monarchy of north-western Europe. Netherlands is bordered on the north and west by the North Sea, on the east by Germany and on the south by Belgium
to consider potential consequences. the aim of this paper is to explore Estonian students’ attitude to English being the world language. The purpose is to increase the authors’ and fellow students’ awareness of the latest linguistinc tendences in order to develop their understanding of the importance of learning languages, English in particular. 3 The theoretical part of the study relies upon the works of such scholars as David Cristal, Luke Mastin, David Graddol, etc. For the practical part, a survey has been conducted among the students of the 10th, 11th, 12th forms of Tallinn Mustamäe Gymnasium of the Humanities and other schools . The answers of 105 students to 23 questions of the survey have been analyzed, Analytical, statistical and descriptive methods of the study have been used.
employed. 1. Use the four answering courtesies: · Greet the caller · State your organisation (or department) · Introduce yourself · Offer your help "Good afternoon, Accounts, Andrew Batt speaking. How may I help?" 2. Show enthusiasm when you answer. Help make the caller feel welcome A tired voice lacking in enthusiasm is very unappealing and reflects on the professionalism of your organisation. 3. Use friendly phrases as part of your greeting. · "Thanks for calling." · "May I help you?" 4. Remember to smile as you pick up the receiver. It may help if you have a mirror on your desk, this way you will be able to see how you sound on the telephone. Also, as a reminder, tape the word `Smile' on your phone. Closing the conversation When you finish your telephone conversation there are some appropriate and courteous statements that should always be made. You should: 1. Thank the caller. 2
novelist living in Paris. When he first arrived in Paris, he experienced a cultural shock and got inspired by it. He started to keep a diary of his experiences and decided to publish it as a novel when the Anglo-French relationships were at their worst during the Iraq War spring 2003. Therefore his novels (he has written three in this series) have become enormously popular all around the world, especially because they are partly true. Stephen Clarke himself still lives in Paris with his French girlfriend. This novel is considered to be seriously funny and a comedy with a message. "Merde Actually" has one main character whose name is Paul West, but there are also many other significant characters, that come from the previous book "A Year in the Merde". I can say that it would be better to read the first book of this series first, other wise some jokes and thoughts might stay incomprehensible. This novel starts with a description of how and where Paul West is going with his
then her work contribution better. In business plan is talked about AS M.T.S mission, keys how to get success, company description, what are the products and service, which are offered, also there are some samples of expenses, there are view about personnel and management. BUSINESS IDEA Mission AS M.T.S representation attends sell women clothes, which are imported in Estonia from France. M.T.S is trademark, which is known in all over the world and it is very popular in women in age 25 45. Raiment is thought to women who want to be excellence also if she is at work. Assortment of clothes and shoes are very extensive. In our shop can every woman find costume that she needs. Business idea originates that success, which is achieved in the other countries. We are assured of success, which we can attain in Estonia. AS M.T
Letters Letters FORMAL, INFORMAL, TRANSACTIONAL TASK 1 Read the extracts and answer the questions. · Where are the extracts from? · What is the purpose of each letter? · How do they differ? · Which extracts are examples of formal letters? · How is the reader addressed in a formal letter? · What are the closing remarks for formal letters? · What is the salutation in a friendly letter? · How would you end extracts 1,2,3 ? · How would you begin the extracts 4 and 5? 1. Dear Mr Miller, I received your kind invitation to the reception. Unfortunately, owing to other commitments. I will be unable to attend ... 2. Dear Ralph, l just got your invitation to the company's event. l `m afraid I can't make it because I've a/ready made plans which l can "t change ... 3.
11.02.09 INGLISE KEEL Palju aega läheb. 10 nädalat aint. One of the ESP courses. What we are going to do, what is needed: · What we do - 1 test, on words. · 2 Essays, that means that we have to look into academic writing · Homereading we read a case from European Court of Justice thingy. · Oral thing. · 90% you have to attend · Have to prepare for class and take part of it etc What we learn: Terms Expressions / collocations (nt obey/abide by the law) Explaining AWOL absence without a leave Legal English can be divided into 3 levels. We learn the first one, which is needed for the other two! You have to know the vocabulary etc. Second level has to do with legal contracts... The third level both 1 and 2 and explaining... We learn the vocabulary + explaining.
Religion India is one of the most religious countries in the world People who are irreligious are looked upon rather suspiciously A person's name, occupation, style of dress, marriage partner and diet are all largely based on religion NB! Religion for Hindus is: A way of life A heritage A tradition A way of thinking A way to live in this life which insures the new incarnation. Culturally Rich Inventions Did you know..? · The digit zero and the numbering system ( Aryabhatta) · Chess · Algebra, Trigonometry, and Calculus · The decimal system · The game of Snakes and Ladders · The value of How to eat Indian food · Indian food is often eaten with the hands · considered impolite to allow the food to pass the first joint of the fingers · fingers should never touch the mouth directly · only the right hand may be used in eating ·
Anglo-Saxon period · All of the literature had its roots in folklore · Texts were orally transmitted, the anglosaxons had no written language · Two types of singers: 1) scop (attached to the royal court, wrote poetry and songs, performed them); 2) gleeman (travelled, mostly sang other peoples' songs, not their own songs; performers of scop songs) · The oldest known song Widsith (The Far Traveller/Wonderer); tells of a gleeman who travels in Europe, of his love of noble deeds, speaks of the shortness of life http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widsith · The other known song Deor's Lament. Can be called the first English lyrics, about 40 lines. Talks about a scop who is not happy with his life. · A-S poetry was fatalistic in its nature (fate controls you, not you it) · The greatest known A-S song, the epic Beowulf. The oldest epic poem in Europe.
Table of contents 1. Introduction 2. Geographical position 3. Mountains, lowlands 4. Rivers, lakes 5. The territories and provinces 6. Towns, economy, agriculture 7. Climate 8. Animals, plantlife 9. Population 10. Sports 11. Culture 12. History 13. Political system, symbols 14. Conclusion 15. Materials 1. Introduction If you had to use two words to describe Canada, they might be large and diverse. Canada is the second largest country in the world, bordered by three oceans, and across the country, Canadians experience many different landscapes from rolling plains and mountains to the cold tundra of the north
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