Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "Fidel Castro ". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
castro, kuuba, fidel, president, batista, university, cuba, kuubas, angel, during, kuubal, later, cuban, riigipea, political, politics, himself, joined, reform, kukutas, revolutsioonist, 1959, ramon, became, student, action, posed, violent, linked, return, while, violence, social, government, freedom, running, corruption, term, though, mentor, againKuuba Vabariik Koostaja: Tanel Pihlak 11. A Juhendaja: Siiri Seljamaa 2006 1 ÜLDANDMED Asukoht: Kesk-Ameerika, Kariibi meri, Suured Antillid Geograafilised kordinaadid: 19°N - 23°N ja 74°W - 85°W Pindala: 110 861 km2 (peasaar moodustab sellest 105 006 km2) Ametlik nimi: República de Cuba (Kuuba Vabariik) Pealinn: La Habana (Havanna) Rahvaarv: 11 416 987 (2007) Pindala: 110 861 km2 Rahvastiku tihedus: 102 in/km2 Riigikeel: hispaania keel Rahaühik: Kuuba peeso (1 peeso = 100 senti) Naaberriigid: USA, Mehhiko, Haiti, Jamaica Haldusjaotus: 14 provintsi ja 1 keskalluvusega munitsipaliteet Sõltlasalad: puuduvad President: Fidel Castro Ruz Erakonnad: PCC (Kuuba Kommunistlik Partei) Põhiseadus: 1976. a Iseseisvus: 20. mai 1902 Valimisõigus: üldine, 16. eluaastast
No college for woman and African-Americans · Southern Colonies Maryland- religious freedom North and South Carolina- arguments between the two groups Georgia- last of the 13 colonies, Place to get rid of the people in England the King did not like/want, prisoners · Life in southern colonies- Large plantations- tobacco, rice, cotton Cheap labour Slaves Primary seaports in Charleston and South Carolina · Westward expansion 1803 President Thomas Jefferson sent a secret message to Congress calling for a expedition in the west. (Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean) France owned the territory Bought for 15,000,000 Dollars ´´Free Land´´ to attract people there Gangs robbed travellers. Mexiacan origin California Gold Rush of 1849 (80,000) · Manifest Destiny is a term that was used in the 19th century to designate the belief that the United States was
Tartu Ülikool Filosoofiateaduskond Ajaloo osakond Uusima aja õppetool Kaisa Kamenik USA tuumaajastu diplomaatia ja Kuuba kriis Referaat Juhendaja: Prof. Eero Medijainen Tartu 2010 SISUKORD Sissejuhatus………………………………………………………………..…….3 1. Tuumarelvad ja külma sõja algus………………………………….………….…..…4-6 2. John F. Kennedy administratsioon………………………………………....……..…7-8 3
searchings. Portrait as a modernist Bildungsroman. Revolution in style and composition. James Joyce as a master of European Modernism. Self-consciously modernist-new ways to express, quite difficult to read. Himself encouraged diversity of opinions concerning his art. ,, Ulysses will give universities something to work on well into the next century". Joyce's background. Ireland, till 1904. Education was standard, middle class. He had quite prestigious start on education, Jesuit university college, Dublin. Ended up in rebellion. Against inhibiting(keelama) forces of family, church, school. Moved to the continent, Paris, Ulysses-Zürich and Paris. Joyce and Ireland. ,,Cultic twalette", left in 1904, couldn't help returning in every page he composed, short story collection Dubliners, Ulysses-guidebook through Dublin. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Largely autobiographical, Joyce's own spiritual searches.
Portuguese territory as well. The country is named after its second largest city, Porto, whose Latin name was Portus Cale. SETTLEMENT The land within the borders of the current Portuguese Republic has been continuously settled since prehistoric times. In the 8th century most of the Iberian Peninsula was conquered by Moorish invaders professing Islam, who were later expelled by the Knights Templar. During the Christian Reconquista, Portugal established itself as an independent kingdom from León in 1139, claiming to be the oldest European nation-state. In the 15th and 16th centuries, as the result of pioneering the Age of Discovery, Portugal expanded western influence and established the first global empire, becoming one of the world's major economic, political and military powers. In addition, the Portuguese Empire was the longest-lived of the modern
a defeatist, who wants to avoid personal danger and wants to save his life, he is mean and betrays his country men. Pilar, Pablo's woman, strong, courageous, patriot, never the less understands the importance of individual human happiness. Human independence and solitarity. Jordan dies, he is left to die. Maria problably is pregnant. Towards the end of his life Heingay wrote short stories. 1952 novella ,,The old man and the sea". The protagonist is an old cuban fisherman. Cuba was that time almost the colony of usa. Santiago is an old fisherman who isn't able to catch anything for several days. One day he catches enormous fish. He is exhausted from trying to fight that fish and has to tie the fish to the boat. While he is rowing back to village the sharks eat the fish when he arrives back to village. It is a moral victory of defeat. Man may be destroyed but not defeated. Even the names are quite important in the novels
actually they had an advanced, cultured society. There was no slavery amongst them and women for instance had a higher standing than in Roman society. The Picts fought the Romans. The Picts- ,,The Painted Ones"- spoke Pict-Celtic. *The Scots, Hibernia In early medieval times Ireland was known by the name "Hibernia". In Hadrian's time the ancient race called the Scots inhabited Hibernia (now called Ireland). Irish and Scottish missionaries were spreading Christianity in Anglo-Saxon England during the 6th centurie. The Latin term Scotti refers to the Gaelic-speaking people of Ireland and the Irish who settled in western Scotland. *The Venerable Bede Bede was a Christian monk, he was the most learned man in Europe at that time. He is remembered mainly for his "Ecclesiastical History of the English People." This five volume work records events in Britain from the raids by Julius Caesar to the arrival of the first missionary from Rome
More praise for Influence: Science and Practice! "We've known for years that people buy based on emotions and justify their buying decision based on logic. Dr. Cialdini was able, in a lucid and cogent manner, to tell us why this happens." --MARK BLACKBURN, Sr. Vice President, Director of Insurance Operations, State Auto Insurance Companies "Dr. Cialdini's ability to relate his material directly to the specifics of what we do with our customers and how we do it, enabled us to make significant changes. His work has enabled us to gain significant competitive differentiation and advantage" -LAURENCE HOF, Vice President, Relationship Consulting, Advanta Corporation
Eiffel Tower. The following year, he married Terk, and the couple settled in a studio apartment in Paris, where they later had a son. At the invitation of Wassily Kandinsky, Delaunay joined The Blue Rider (Der Blaue Reiter), a Munich-based group of abstract artists, in 1911, and his art took a turn for the abstract. The outbreak of World War I found Delaunay and his wife vacationing in Spain, and they settled with friends in Portugal for the duration of the conflict. During this period, the couple took on several jobs designing costumes for the Madrid Opera, and Sonia Delaunay started a fashion design business. After the war, in 1921, they returned to Paris. Delaunay continued to work in a mostly abstract style. During the 1937 World Fair in Paris, Delaunay participated in the design of the railway and air travel pavilions. When World War II erupted, the Delaunays moved to the Auvergne, in an effort to avoid the invading German forces. Suffering from
The making of a new nation. The Enlightenment in America. The emergence of the notion of the American Dream. The great Enlighteners: Crèvecoeur, Jefferson, Paine, Franklin. The American Enlightenment is the intellectual thriving period in the United States in the midtolate 18th century (17151789), especially as it relates to American Revolution on the one hand and the European Enlightenment on the other. Influenced by the scientific revolution of the 17th century and the humanist period during the Renaissance, the Enlightenment took scientific reasoning and applied it to human nature, society, and religion. American Enlightenment a gradual but powerful awakening that established the ideals of democracy, liberty, and religious tolerance in the people of America. If there were just one development that directly caused the American Revolution and uplifted the intellectual culture of the continent while it was only a British colony, it would be the American Enlightenment
( ). It arose in the beginning of the 18th century with the modernization reforms of the Russian state under the rule of Peter the Great, and developed from the Moscow (Middle or Central Russian) dialect substratum under the influence of some of the previous century's Russian chancellery language. Mikhail Lomonosov first compiled a normalizing grammar book in 1755; in 1783 the Russian Academy's first explanatory Russian dictionary appeared. During the end of the 18th and 19th centuries, a period known as the "Golden Age", the grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation of the Russian language was stabilized and standardized, and it became the nationwide literary language; meanwhile, Russia's world-famous literature flourished. Until the 20th century, the language's spoken form was the language of only the upper noble classes and urban population, as Russian peasants from the countryside continued to speak in their own dialects
Cinematography: long takes, often long pan shots, in his later career: long, mobile, fluid camera shots Directing actors: bunuel often refused to give any indications to his actos Sound: very ecnomical use of non-diegetic sounds (often only sound effects, rarely music) 27.02.12 Jean Renoir Humanism on celluloid Was born in a bohemian, wealthy family in Paris, son of August Renoir. Worked as a potter and ceramics. Served in the French army during the first world war. After the end of the war Renoir developed a passion for the cinema that was initiated by watching Chaplin movies. Directed his first film ,,La File de L'eau" with his first wife Andree(catherine Hessling) in the main role. Emigrated to the United States in 1940, took American citizenship in 1946. 32 films The silent period ,,La Fille de l'eau" bug budget film. Emile Zola book ,,Nana". The film was shot in germany and became a commercial failure
Kramer, the Japanese- language expert who headed GZ and delivered the intercepts, arrived. He saw at once that the all-important conclusion of the long Japanese diplomatic note had come in since he had distributed the 13 previous parts the night before. He prepared a smooth copy from the rough decode and had his clerical assistant, Chief Yeoman H. L. Bryant, type up the usual 14 copies. Twelve of these were distributed by Kramer and his opposite number in S.I.S. to the President, the secretaries of State, War, and Navy, and a handful of top-ranking Army and Navy officers. The two others were file copies. This decode was part of a whole series of Japanese intercepts, which had long ago been given a collective codename, partly for security, partly for ease of reference, by a previous director of naval intelligence, Rear Admiral Walter S. Anderson. Inspired, no doubt, by the mysterious daily production of the information and by
THE RISE OF ATTENTION TO HISTORY AND FOLKLORE: JUHAN AAVIK, EDUARD TUBIN, EUGEN KAPP. VII. FURTHER MATURING OF SYMPHONIC MUSIC: HEINO ELLER, EVALD AAV, EDUARD TUBIN. THE FIRST ESTONIAN BALLET. SUMMARY OF THE REPUBLICAN PERIOD. HALF A CENTURY UNDER SOVIET OCCUPATION. IDEOLOGY OVER MUSIC. EXTENSIVE INFLUX OF CONTEMPORARY TRENDS. VIII. THE FORTIES. TRANSFORMATION OF ESTONIAN LIFE. THE WAR-TIME SYMPHONIC OUTPUT. IX. THE PLANTING OF NEW CREATIVE PRINCIPLES DURING THE POST-WAR YEARS. X. THE SECOND HALF OF THE FIFTIES. TOWARDS A MODERN IDIOM: EINO TAMBERG AND VELJO TORMIS. XI. THE NEOCLASSICISM AND CONSTRUCTIVE THINKING OF JAAN RÄÄTS. XII. THE FIRST HALF OF THE SIXTIES. DODECAPHONY OF ARVO PÄRT. XIII. THE DRAMATIC PHILOSOPHICAL OUTPUT OF HELMUT ROSENVALD. XIV. THE ELEMENTS OF JAZZ, FOLK MUSIC AND DODECAPHONY IN THE SYMPHONISM OF ANTI MARGUSTE. XV. HEIMAR ILVES AND HIS MUSIC – DEEP IN THOUGHT AND FEELING. XVI
This practical understanding of mechanics would be provided by an Italian astronomer and mathematician by the name of Galileo Galilei. Born at Pisa in 1564, Galileo studied medicine and mathematics and became a professor at Pisa in the late 1580s. But because the largely Aristotelian faculty [ õpetajaskond ] was hostile to him, Galileo decided to move on to Florence. Eventually he settled at Padua and between 1592 and 1610 his mathematics lectures at the university attracted students from across the Continent. The key to all of Galileo's discoveries was the accurate measurement of time. Accurate measurement of time was essential if the mechanics of motion were to be explained. By 1600, there were no accurate clocks or time keeping devices. There were clocks, of course, but none of them were at all precise. Medieval clocks were convenient for dividing the day but not for keeping precise time. Galileo was fascinated with time. As the
English literature is one of the oldest literatures in Europe; dates back to the 6th century AD. Oral literature, i.e. not written down, spread from person to person. In 449 AD Anglo-‐Saxon tribes invaded England – beginning of the Anglo-‐Saxon period in English literature. The first form of literature was folklore, carried by scops and gleemen, who sang in alliterative verse (a kind of simple poetry). Prose developed much later. The first form of recorded English literature was the epic Beowulf, which was produced sometime near the end of the 7th and beginning �
4 come up with 8 mistake for for me. It was the first thing my parents 5 Well, you would keep eating too noticed when I was born! 3 1 Laura was offered a place at much. Personality-wise, I've got a lot of my Manchester University but she dad's traits in me. We're both quite bubbly and friendly (or so people 1C The origins of English turned it down. page 5 2 Whilst some people are in favour say), and we share quite a laid-back
FROM FIREWORKS TO THE MOON At first glance you might think that there couldn't possibly be anything common between a 13 th century festival in China and the Apollo 11 moon landing in 1969. However, there is a link and that is that they both relied on the use of rockets. The Chinese first developed rockets by filling bamboo tubes with an explosive made from saltpetre, charcoal, and sulphur. The sealed tubes would be thrown onto fires during celebrations because it was thought that the loud explosions would protect them. It was not long before the ancient Chinese realised the military potential of these devices and primitive rockets were used to repel a Mongol invasion in 1232 AD. Word of these new amazing weapons quickly spread around the world and soon rockets were being used in military operations in North Africa and Europe. During the 15 th and 16th centuries they were widely used in naval battles to set fire on enemy ships
Sõprus 1. Aristoteles sõpruse olemusest ning tüüpidest Sõprus ja armastus pole selgelt eristatud philia. Sõprus iseloomustab vabal kiindumusel põhinevaid inimsuhteid perekondlikud, võimulolijate suhted kodanikesse, kodanike omavahelised suhted. Sõprus hoiab riike koos. Eeldab vastastikku heasoovlikkust ja ühistegevust. Sõprus jaguneb 2 viisil 3-ks: Vastavalt põhjusele, miks head soovitakse: Kasu äri Nauding sõbrad Täiuslik sõprus loomutäiuselt sarnaste inimeste vahel Vastavalt osapoolte seisundile: Ülimuslikkus vanemad laste suhtes Paremus mehed naiste suhtes Võrdsus vennad Täielikku sõprust naudivad üksikud, sest nad suudavad arendada omavahel loomutäiust täiuslikkuseni. Linnriik põhineb sõprusel, kiindumusel põhinevatel inimestevahelistel suhetel. Timokraatia (varanduslikel klassidel rajanev poliitiline süsteem) põhineb võrdsusel vennalikel suhetel. 2. Cicero isiklikust ja po
ameerika piisoni karjad. Kuulsamaid piisonikütte oli Buffalo Bill; raisatud oli ka palju maagaasi). Loodi loodusresurside säilitamise komitee. Rajati 5 rahvusparki. Tappamajdes hakati liha kontrollima, t vältida haiguste levikut. 1908 - Presidendiks vabariiklane William Taft (120kg). Muutis ameerika meesideaali. 1912 - Presidendiks demokraat Woodron Willson. Võitles monopolide vastu. Seisis Rahvasteliidu loomise eest. Ta oli esimene Ameerika president, kes oma ametisoleku ajal külastas euroopat (käis Pariis Konverentsil). Propageeris rahvasteliidu ideede USA-s mööda riiki ringi sõites. Suri 1920. 1.1.3 VÄLISPOLIITIKA USA-Hispaania sõda. Selle tulemusena sai USA Kuuba, Puerto Rico, Filipiinid. Valitses isolatsionism. 1 1.2 SAKSAMAA Saksa keisririik kuulutati välja 1841. aastal Prantsuse-Preisi sõja tulemusena Versailes. Viimaseks
dating from prehistoric periods are rare. Bridges of twisted vines and creepers found in India, Africa, and South America, the ancient cantilevers of China, Kashmir, and Japan, if any survive, or the wooden arches of Japan may be candidates for World Heritage listing because they perpetuate primitive ingenuity and craft technology that is important to recognize. Since some of their materials cannot be original, these structures will have to pass the test of authenticity. In 51 BC, during the Gallic War, Caesar attested to the construction of narrow wooden bridges by Gallic builders over wide rivers as the Loire, Seine, and Allier of 600ft (200m) span, used by pedestrians and domestic animals. The stone vault probably first sprang forth in Anatolia and the Aegean region of Asia Minor (central and western Turkey) in the 2nd millennium BC for short spans in civic construction. The Mesopotamian civilizations introduced the first major development of
Seega on kõigi nelja kaebaja puhul rikutud artikli 5 lõiget 3. ... KOHUS leiab kaheteistkümne poolthäälega seitsme vastu, et kõigi nelja kaebaja puhul on rikutud artikli 5 lõiget 3 ... 8 Art 5(3) - Kalashnikov v Russia (2002) KALASHNIKOV v. RUSSIA (15/10/2002) Valeriy Yermilovich Kalashnikov, a Russian national, was born in 1955 and lives in Moscow. In February 1995, when he was president of the Northeast Commercial Bank (...), Mr Kalashnikov was charged with embezzlement. In June 1995, he was placed in detention on remand. Examination of his case by Magadan City Court started in November 1996, but was adjourned from May 1997 to April 1999. He was convicted on 3 August 1999 and on 29 September 1999 the case was terminated. On 30 September 1999 a further charge was brought against him relating to misappropriation of property. He was acquitted on 31 March 2000. On 26 June 2000
· clear supportive examples · study questions · annotated further reading · glossary Praise for the First Edition: "This exceptional text fulfils two essential criteria of a good introduc- tory textbook in the philosophy of language: it covers a broad range of topics well, all of which are the basis of current active research, and does so in an accurate manner accessible to undergraduate students." Mike Harnish, University of Arizona ". . . an excellent textbook for teaching. The examples throughout are delightful and students will love them." Edwin Mares, Victoria University of Wellington William G. Lycan is William Rand Kenan Professor of Philosophy at the University of North Carolina. He is the author of over 150 articles as well as seven books. Routledge Contemporary Introductions to Philosophy Series Editor: Paul K. Moser Loyola University of Chicago
Tim brings lifestyle to a new level--listen to him!" --Michael D. Kerlin, McKinsey & Company consultant to Bush-Clinton Katrina Fund and a J. William Fulbright Scholar "Part scientist and part adventure hunter, Tim Ferriss has created a road map for an entirely new world. I devoured this book in one sitting --I have seen nothing like it." --Charles L. Brock, chairman and CEO of Brock Capital Group; former CFO, COO, and general counsel of Scholastic, Inc.; and former president of the Harvard Law School Association "Outsourcing is no longer just for Fortune 500 companies. Small and mid-sized rms, as well as busy professionals, can outsource their work to increase their productivity and free time for more important commitments. It's time for the world to take advantage of this revolution." -- Vivek Kulkarni, CEO of Brickwork India and former IT secretary of Bangalore; credited as the "techno-bureaucrat" who helped make Bangalore an IT destination in India
Ergo Pikas Integration of Lean Construction and Building Information Modelling DISSERTATION Tallinn 2010 2 UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES Author: Ergo Pikas- Civil Engineering student, Faculty of Construction, Tallinn University of Applied Sciences Supervisor: Rafael Sacks- Associate Professor, Faculty of Civil and Env. Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Consultant: Roode Liias- Professor and Dean, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology Title: Integration of Lean Construction and Building Information Modelling Archived: University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Construction
Pending case "käibel" olev kohutasi. Citizenship you live in this country and you have obligations to the country and you have rights from. KODAKONDUS Nationality ppl with the same nationality often share common origin, language, cultural background. RAHVUS NB! In some countries "nationality" means "citizenship" (ex USA) To remove sb from office töölt lahti laskma Term of office aeg, milleks inimene tööle määratakse (nt president 4 aastat) To appoint sb to office tööle määrama? Misuse usually no malicious attempt. Abuse more like when you do it with you malicious attempt kuri tahe Property law / law of property asjaõigus Moveables Immoveables Common sense rational, reasonable thinking. Separation lahku kolimine nt Divorce lahutus Hate crime vihkamiskuriteod CIS commonwealth of independent states SRÜ rigid NIS new independent states uued iseseisvunud rigid
tioned in this book. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Handbook of meat processing / edited by Fidel Toldrá. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8138-2182-5 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Meat—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Meat industry and trade—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Toldrá, Fidel. TS1960.H36 2010 664′.9—dc22 2009037503 A catalog record for this book is available from the U.S. Library of Congress. Set in 10 on 12 pt Times by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited
amplifier. Transistori tööpõhimõte: Transistor Three elements solid-state device for amplifying, controlling electrical signals. Principle Current flows from emitter through base into collector; Switching - Base current on, collector current flows - Switching; Amplification - Base current regulates large amount of collector current. 1949 Maurice Wilkes assembled the EDSAC, the first practical stored-program computer, at Cambridge University. His ideas grew out of the Moore School lectures he had attended three years earlier. For programming the EDSAC, Wilkes established a library of short programs called subroutines stored on punched paper tapes. TECHNOLOGY: vacuum tubes MEMORY: 1K words, 17 bits, mercury delay line SPEED: 714 operations per second 1950 Engineering Research Associates of Minneapolis built the ERA 1101, the first commercially produced computer; the company's first customer was the U.S. Navy.
THE W R I T E R ' S JOURNEY M Y T H I C STRUCTURE FOR W R I T E R S THIRD EDITION CHRISTOPHER VOGLER S C R E E N W R I T I N G / W R I T I N G Christopher Vogler explores the powerful relationship between mythology and storytelling in his clear, concise style that's made i this book required reading for movie executives, screenwriters, playwrights, fiction and non-fiction writers, scholars, and fans of pop culture all over the world. Discover a set of useful myth-inspired storytelling paradigms like "The Hero's Journey," and step-by-step guidelines to plot and • character development. Based on the work of Joseph Campbell, The Writers Journey is a must for all writers interested
His early plays were mainly comedies and histories, genres he raised to the peak of sophistication and artistry by the end of the sixteenth century. Next he wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, and Macbeth, con- sidered some of the finest examples in the English language. In his last phase, he wrote tragicomedies, also known as ro- mances, and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of his plays were published in editions of varying quality and accur- acy during his lifetime, and in 1623 two of his former theatrical colleagues published the First Folio, a collected edition of his dramatic works that included all but two of the plays now re- cognised as Shakespeare's. Shakespeare was a respected poet and playwright in his own day, but his reputation did not rise to its present heights until the nineteenth century. The Ro- mantics, in particular, acclaimed Shakespeare's genius, and the Victorians hero-worshipped Shakespeare with a reverence
species. Humans would increasingly be drawn to and fascinated by them. As the consciousness of human beings developed, flowers were most likely the first thing they came to value that had no utilitarian purpose for them, that is to say, was not linked in some way to survival. They provided inspiration to countless artists, poets, and mystics. Jesus tells us to contemplate the flowers and learn from then how to live. The Buddha is said to have given a “silent sermon” once during which he held up a flower and gazed at it. After a while, one of those present, a monk called Mahakasyapa, began to smile. He is said to have been the only one who had understood the sermon. According to legend, that smile (that is to say, realization) was handed down by twenty- eight successive masters and much later became the origin of Zen. Seeing beauty in a flower could awaken humans, however briefly, to the beauty that is an essential part of their own innermost being, their true
is billion $. 12 Source: Ukraine Macro Outlook for 2013 by UkrSibbank (BNP Paribas Group) Not all bad news Ukraine could be a rich country. No other European country can boast its resources of coal, iron, gas, and rich agrarian land. Almost three-quarters of its area is agricultural land, more than half arable. Though the quality of legendary black earth deteriorated during the Soviet decades, it remains among the best globally. The country has some oil and conventional gas, and perhaps more importantly, possesses as much as 4 percent of global coal reserves. Though more than half of energy consumed is imported, reserves of unconventional gas are estimated to be several trillions of cubic meters in size, promising gas independence from Russia in about two decades. Indeed, Ukraine's growth rate in 20012008, boosted by exceptional improvement in terms of trade,
or speech. Here the noun changes its usual connection with pronouns and also its lexical combinability (e.g. "The Wind laughed his evil laugh and ran away." "wind" is combined with typically human aspects). Another case of transposition is zoonymic metaphor. Names of animals, birds, fantastic beings when applied to people become emotionally coloured and often offensive: ass, donkey, duck, mule, snake, wolf, angel, devil, witch, etc. Connotations vary when names of animals have synonyms (e.g. pig, donkey, monkey they are rather positive or ironic; their synonyms: swine, ass, ape are rude and negative). Negative colouring is made stronger by constant epithets and emphatic constructions (e.g. "You impudent pup (puppy)." you + adj. + noun: "You filthy swine", "You lazy dog"). Transposition may occur within different parts of speech