Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "Ettevalmistamata monoloog". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
present, other, body, first, conclusion, today, explain, transition, linking, devices, move, points, words, monologue, introduction, theme, message, convey, preview, going, option, secondly, another, aspect, hand, forget, account, details, language, tenses, perfect, report, wilde, synonyms, different, repeat, same, phrases, clear, voice, logical, jumpIntroducing yourself and your talk Greeting, name, position, opening formalities Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Good afternoon, everyone. Good morning. My name's (...). I'm the new Finance Manager. Good morning. Let me start by saying just a few words about my own background. I started out in... Welcome to Standard Electronics. I know I've met some of you, but just for the benefit of those I haven't, my name's (...). It's very nice to see you all here today. I'm very pleased to be here. I'm glad you could all make it. Thanks for inviting me. Thank you (all) for coming. Title/Subject I'd like to talk (to you) today about ... I'm going to present the recent ... explain our position on ... introduce ... brief you on ... inform you about ... describe ... The subject of my talk
Usually the task contains points you have to discuss. Make sure they are all covered! Keep in mind! Formal language – no slang, so contracted forms, colloquialisms, try to avoid repetition of words. Indented lines! Clear paragraphs with one central idea. Avoid strong feelings 8everybody hates... it is absurd to believe...) and strong personal expressions Use generalization (children assume…), but do not use overgeneralizations (all children assume…) At least 2 linking words per paragraph (separate them from the rest of the sentence by commas!) that show the connection between paragraphs. Make references to other sources (Police officials believe that…) Give examples, not personal thoughts (expressive intake of alcohol can damage liver) if you use statistics, be sure of the source! Avoid clichéd introductions, make it more original (hook) Consistent personal pronoun use (if you use “we” or “you”, do it throughout the essay) Punctuation (NB
sentence) ja tõestatakse/toetatakse seda siis näidete, arvude võitsitaadiga (supporting evidence). Oluline on, et igas lõigusräägitakse ainult ühel teemal, ega hüpata ühelt argum endiltteisele. Viimane lõik moodustab kokkuvõtte ja peaks esimeseslauses võtma eelpoolt oodud arutluse kokku ning seejärel lisamasellest tuleneva lõpumärkuse. · Expressing opinions Introduction State the topic and your own opinion clearly without using too many personal opinion words Main body (para. 2 - 4) Give the first, second and third argument and examples or reasons to support your opinion Conclusion Re-state your opinion, using different words Useful language To list points firstly, in the first place, first of all, to start with, secondly, thirdly, finally, last but not least To add more points to the same topic what is more, furthermore, also, apart from this, in addition to, moreover, besides, too, not to mention the fact that, another major reason
Where do I want to go? What would I most like to be doing right now? Where would I like to be? Who would I most like to be with? What are my dreams for the future? What do I intend to do to achieve these dreams? What will I be doing ten years from now? How does this university fit in my plans for the future? You can also brainstorm using the following questions: What might help the evaluating committee in understanding me better? What distinguishes me from other applicants? What are my career aims? What skills do I possess that would improve your chances for success in this field? What has stimulated my interest in this field of study? Why should an admissions committee be interested in me? Why am I interested in this field? 1 Some other topics are suggested below to stimulate your thinking: The most memorable experiences
the writer is either expected to give a balanced consideration of a particular topic, or to state their own opinion clearly and then support it by giving reasons. An essay should begin with an introduction in which some background information is given about the problem that is going to be discussed. The angle from which the problem is going to be looked upon in the essay is also stated. In longer essays these are in different paragraphs, in shorter ones they can be in one paragraph. The body of the essay usually consists of several paragraphs, the number of which depends on the length of the essay. Each paragraph should begin with a topic sentence. The following sentences should enlarge on the theme, give examples, etc. If it is an essay discussing the advantages and disadvantages of something, the advantages should be grouped together and so should be the disadvantages. One paragraph should only talk about one thing, aspect, etc
............................................................................................................................................ 11 Linking words .............................................................................................................................
abilities that form his style. This approach is best illustrated in the well-known victum of the french poet Georges-Louis de Buffon ,,Style is the man himself." Stylistics English stylistics or the study of style has not been discussed on the same scale as french stylistics, german or russian. The very term stylistics came into more common use in english only some 30-40 years ago. It was however recorded much earlier that is in 1882 for the first time, meaning ,,The Study of literary style, the study of stylistic features." A short history of the development of stylistics Stylistics is regarded a relatively new branch of philology, yet its roots go back as far as ancient Greece and Rome, where the rhetoricians (retoorikud) cultivated the art of clear and elegant use of language by developing and polishing stylistic devices. In the 18th century, an individualistic-psychological view on style and stylistics emerges. The
STYLISTICS 1. Style, stylistics, a survey of stylistic studies The term ,,style" is polysemantic. Latin ,,stilus"--a writing instrument used by the ancients for writing on waxed tablets. Soon, the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. Jonathan Swift said: ,, Style is proper words in proper places" Present day--half a dozen meanings: · the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his ideas (Style of Byron) · the manner of expressing ideas characteristic of a literary movement or period (symbolism, romanticism) · the use of lg. typical of a literary genre (comedy, drama, novel) · the selective use of lg that depends on spheres of human activity. These
1. STYLE The term "style" is polysemantic (has many meanings): a Latin word "stilus" originally meant a writing instrument used by ancient people. Already in classical Latin the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. Jonathan Swift defined style as "proper words in proper places". In present day English the word "style" is used in about a dozen of principle meanings: 1. the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his/her ideas (e.g. style of Byron) 2. the manner of expressing ideas, characteristic of a literary movement or period 3. the use of language typical of a literary genre (e.g. the style of a comedy, drama, novel). 4. the selective use of language that depends on spheres / areas of human activity (e.g. style of fiction, scientific prose,
Stylistic morphology: articles, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, number * 5. Expressiveness on the level of word-building 6. Phonetic expressive means Study independen tly 7. Phonetic SD ("Rhythm And Style") 8. Lexical SD* 9. Syntactic SD* Use lecture notes 10. Graphical means and devices 11. Common literary and common colloquial vocabulary 12. Special literary vocabulary 13. Special colloquial vocabulary 14. Metre in English poetry. Modifications of metre ("Rhythm and Text") 15. Typically English stanzas ("Rhythm and Text") 16. Rhythm in poetry and in prose ("Rhythm and Text")
to know and whether the person is willing to talk to you. For example: - I'd like some information about the hotel, please. Could you please give me more details about it? - Can you do me a favour and ......... ? - Do you mind if I ask you some questions about the admission requirements? - Is it all right if I ask you some questions about ... ? Mind the register! 2. Ask different types of questions. 3. Do not forget to ask a reported question. 4. Use linking devices to introduce your questions. - To start with, / First of all,/ Secondly, ... - And another thing is that ... . Are there any alternatives to ... ? - Oh good. My first question is about .... . (Ask a question) - I hear it is common in Britain to.... Could you...? - My next question is about ... Are there....? - Now, do you think ... ? - Something else I want to ask you about is... . I wonder if ... . - Last but not least, ... ? 5
OPINION ESSAY Opinion essays are formal in style. They require your opinion on a topic which must be clearly Introduction stated and supported by reasons. It is necessary Paragraph 1 to include the opposing viewpoint in another State the topic and your opinion paragraph. clearly A successful opinion essay should have: Main Body a) an introductory paragraph in which you Paragraph 2 state the topic and your opinion; Viewpoint 1 and reason b) a main body which consists of two or more Paragraph 3 * paragraphs. Each paragraph should present a Viewpoint 2 and reason separate viewpoint supported by your reasons
German: Ein klein-es Kind sah einen reich-en Mann `A small child saw a rich man' 3. Nouns and noun phrases, the structure and functions of noun phrases; lexical subclasses (proper nouns, common nouns), abstract vs concrete nouns, one class or more?; grammatical categories: number, gender, case. Identifying nouns: meaning, function, form The noun phrase (NP): The NP consists of the head, which is typically a noun, and other elements which (either obligatory or optional) determine the head and (optionally) modify the head or complement another element in the phrase. The NP typically functions as the subject, object or complement of clauses and as complement of prepositional phrases. Peter likes the girl (determiner: def. article + head) the small girl (det + premodifier: adjective + head)
EDUCATION AND JOBS A5 MONOLOGUE Topic A5.2 Read the topic below and prepare to speak about it. Use the questions given to help to plan your monologue. Some people think that all school-children should wear school uniforms. Why do you think they say that? Do you agree? Give reasons. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- You are expected to structure your monologue and present it speaking fluently with appropriate pronunciation and intonation and only natural pauses. You are expected to express yourself confidently, clearly and politely. Interact naturally with appropriate openings, fillers and amplifications. Be logical and clear, paraphrase successfully. Your vocabulary should be precise and appropriate, as well as the register. Use a VARIETY of simple and complex grammatical structures as appropriate. Your monologue can be structured as following: 1
GETTING PHYSICAL Tallinn 2012 "Delivery is more important than content." Arch Lustberg, speech trainer According to wellknown social anthropologist Edward T. Hall, 60% of our communication is nonverbal. That means whenever we stand before an audience, our stance, our posture, our facial expressions, our hand gestures, our whole body dynamic communicate more than our actual spoken words. A stiff, immobile speaker is often a boring and usually ineffective speaker as. It is therefore essential to know how to be physically relaxed, which will allow your actions to complement your words. Before we start, two important definitions: A podium is the raised platform at the
· How do they differ? · Which extracts are examples of formal letters? · How is the reader addressed in a formal letter? · What are the closing remarks for formal letters? · What is the salutation in a friendly letter? · How would you end extracts 1,2,3 ? · How would you begin the extracts 4 and 5? 1. Dear Mr Miller, I received your kind invitation to the reception. Unfortunately, owing to other commitments. I will be unable to attend ... 2. Dear Ralph, l just got your invitation to the company's event. l `m afraid I can't make it because I've a/ready made plans which l can "t change ... 3. Dear Sirs, I am writing to complain about the poor quality of the items which I received from your company. I have no other alternative but to cancel the order which 1 placed earlier this week ... 4. ... thus, I recommend that you accept this advice on the matter
Introduction Paragraph What is an introduction paragraph? The introduction paragraph is the first paragraph of your essay. What does it do? It introduces the main idea of your essay. A good opening paragraph captures the interest of your reader and tells why your topic is important. How do I write one? 1. Write the thesis statement. The main idea of the essay is stated in a single sentence called the thesis statement. You must limit your entire essay to the topic you have introduced in your thesis statement. 2. Provide some background information about your topic
5 (possible answers) she was my age and apart from the 1 1 go ahead 5 come to eighties hairstyle we're the spitting 1 Well, you will go to bed late every night. 2 fall through 6 bring about image of each other! Some people 2 Well, you will refuse to wear a 3 tip off 7 go down with say that they can see a strong family coat. 4 mistake for 8 come up with resemblance between my dad and me.
approaches to metaphor. Part IV, new to this edition, examines the four theories of metaphor. Features of Philosophy of Language include: · new chapters on Frege and puzzles, inferentialism, illocutionary theories of meaning, and relevance theory · chapter overviews and summaries · clear supportive examples · study questions · annotated further reading · glossary Praise for the First Edition: "This exceptional text fulfils two essential criteria of a good introduc- tory textbook in the philosophy of language: it covers a broad range of topics well, all of which are the basis of current active research, and does so in an accurate manner accessible to undergraduate students." Mike Harnish, University of Arizona ". . . an excellent textbook for teaching. The examples throughout are
Estonian Business School ANALYSIS OF A PRESENTATION Home assignment Tallinn 2015 For the home assignment we had to choose one presentation from Ted.com. I chose about a 4 minute presentation by Nilofer Merchant on the following topic: “Got a meeting? Take a walk”. The main reason for choosing this presentation was that I had read Steve Jobs's biographical book and there he talked how he liked to go for a walk when having a meeting and therefore, I thought it would be a good idea to get to know a bit more about something that I already know about. Also, I think that in the future, it pays off to know some easy tricks about how to make your meetings more interesting, more memorable and more healthier. Last thing mentioned in the previous paragraph is nowadays in my opinion, one of the hottest topics and we can see it in the headlines on a daily basis. I am quite sure that people understand how important it is to take care of your
the students who didn´t understand. The focus is on vocabulary and speaking. Pictures, toys (on the desk) were used for making it clearer. The teacher repeated the incorrect phrase or sentence immediately. The teacher was positive and praised after the successful performance. · Humanistic methods: the silent way http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tvyoevK-dh0 TESOL Methods http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=85P7dmPHtso 6 Dr. Gattegno's Silent Way Present Perfect Part 1 Teaching should be subordinated to learning Language for selfexpression Students' own inner criteria for correctness Teacher as a technician Colourcoded word/sound charts, rods Teacher gives clues but does not model the language Cooperativeness, relaxed and enjoyable learning environment Culture and language are inseparable The syllabus develops according to the learning needs Pronunciation and structures are of utmost importance (but: no rules) Building onto the native language
Report A report is based on facts/data etc. The writer knows more than the reader. The reader needs the information. A report should be clear and easy to follow. The person who reads it should find the information quickly. THINK: why you are writing the report, why the reader needs your report and what she might be interested in. Think about the best way to present the facts. If it’s a report of events (e.g. a traffic accident), describe them in chronological order. It should NOT be written like a letter! NO salutation/sign-off. Impersonal style (PASSIVE!), unless you make suggestions or give personal opinion – then you can use “I”. Formal language –no contractions, slang, etc. You can use the following format at the beginning of the report: To: From: (DO NOT write your own name. A member of the student committee etc. is fine) Subject:
...................... 4 QUALITY........................................................................ 5 ANALYSIS....................................................................... 5 CONCLUSION.................................................................. 6 REFERENCES.................................................................. 7 3 INTRODUCTION The present report is going to give a compendious review of the most fascinating subjects concerning Nokia in my perspective. This report contains general but essential information about Nokia's history and its strategy, vision, products today and Nokia's quality of products. Firstly I will give brief information about the history of Nokia. The text will not be very detailed, but it will give a basic knowledge about Nokia's way of getting to what it is today
they shouldn't limit our earning potential. 5. slaid how to know your value She says that when you are valuing yourself you should ask key valuing questions: 1. What are my clients needs and how do I meet them? 2. What is my unique skill set that makes me better qualified to serve my clients? 3. What do I do that no one else does? 4. What problems do I solve for clients? 5. What value do I add? 6. slaid communicating your value The other story was about communicating our value. She shared a story about a woman who runs a very successfull web development company, however she was introducing it to clients by saying ,,I have a little webdesign company". In this and many other small ways she was deminishing her company and herself in the eyes of the potential clients. In this way she was communicating that she didn't belive herself that she didn't had much to offer.
Motion Graphics is a piece of video which is created digitally in a computer and as the name refers bases on moving graphical elements. These elements can be images, text, graphical designs or a multidimensional imagery. But this term should not be confused with another term ,,animation". Line between these two is a bit blurred. Animation often is only giving life to the characters and scenery. Also, it can be done in real world with physically created sets. Motion graphics on the other hand can be only created in digital world and could include animation. But also there are more two very important aspects desing and cinematohraphy. Therefore when talking about motion graphics it means moving graphycally created elements in a beatiful way. Motion graphics is pretty recent platform compared to a graphical design for example. It evolved after computers were invented, hence it is only possible to it on computer. In modern
A. INTRODUCTION- state what you are going to write about. If the report is based on a survey, state when and by whom the survey was carried out. phrases to use The aim of this report is to ..... This report will examine/ consider/ compare.... This report is intended to ...... It is based on a survey which was conducted/ carried out.... B. BODY PARAGRAPHS- present the facts in a logical, organized way. Use sub-headings if necessary. Don´t discuss more than 3/4 aspects. Give some description and explanation. phrases to use Since/ As..... For this reason/ these reasons..... According to the survey...... Surprisingly/ Oddly/ Strangely/ Probably..... The graph/diagram/survey suggests/shows..... The cause for .....
I am writing with reference to the article you published (in last month's issue). I have just read your article on ... and I feel I must ... You raised some issues which I feel strongly about. At the start of your article, you appear to claim that ... I am afraid I totally disagree. I am completely in agreement. I am sure readers will agree with me when I say that ... ARTICLES Sequencing At first / To start with/In the beginning, ... Then/Next/After that, ... The next thing that happened was ... The next thing I knew was ... Seconds/Minutes later, Late on/Some time later, It wasn't until much later that ... After some time/After what seemed like years, ... Finally/In the end, ... At last, ... Simultaneous events Meanwhile/In the meantime, While all this was going on, In the middle of all this, ... During all this time, ...
The womanfell while climbing. The rescue is the latest in a series of incidents on High Peak. In January last year two men walking on the peak were killed in a fall. We also use the definite article: • to say something about all the things referred to by a noun: The wolf is not really a dangerous animal (= Wolves are not really dangerous animals) The kangaroo is found only in Australia (= Kangaroos are found only in Australia) The heart pumps blood around the body. (= Hearts pump blood around bodies) We use the definite article in this way to talk about musical instruments: Joe plays the piano really well.(= Joe can play any piano) She is learning the guitar.(= She is learning to play any guitar) • to refer to a system or service: How long does it take on the train? I heard it on the radio. You should tell the police. • With adjectives like rich, poor, elderly, unemployed to talk about groups of people: Life can be very hard for the poor.
sources (the Collected Poems in 1988, the Selected Letters in 1992, and Andrew Motion’s authorized biography in 1993) numerous further books, essays and articles have contributed to Larkin studies. These include publications of Larkin’s texts (such as Further Requirements in 2001, Trouble at Willow Gables in 2002, and Early Poems and Juvenilia in 2005), personal recollections (for instance, Maeve Brennan’s The Philip Larkin I Knew in 2002), another biography (Richard Bradford’s First Boredom, Then Fear in 2005), and critical studies (the latest being M. W. Rowe’s Philip Larkin: Art and Self in 2011). A. T. Trolley’s Larkin at Work (1997) offers an insight into the genesis of a number of major poems and Larkin’s method of composition. Shorter essays add further aspects to the discussion of Larkin. To mention a few examples: Oliver James has approached “This Be The Verse” from a genetician’s point of view, Richard T. Cauldwell has analysed
ALSO BY TIMOTHY FERRISS The 4-Hour Workweek Copyright © 2010 by Tim Ferriss All rights reserved. Published in the United States by Crown Archetype, an imprint of the Crown Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc., New York. www.crownpublishing.com Crown Archetype with colophon is a registered trademark of Random House, Inc. All registered trademarks in this book are property of their respective owners. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ferriss, Timothy. The 4-hour body / Timothy Ferriss. -- 1st ed. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Health. 2. Physical fitness. 3. Weight loss. I. Title. II. Title: Four-hour body. RA775.F47 2010 613.7--dc22 2010018533 eISBN: 978-0-307-46365-4 All illustrations by Fred Haynes/Hadel Studio, unless otherwise noted in the Photo and Illustration Credits section Jacket front-flap photos: (top) (c) Mark Reifkind; (bottom) (c) Photos taken by Inge Cook, provided courtesy of Ellington Darden, PhD v3.1
Good evening! My name is ... Today I am going to share information about Bodybalance workout. I`ve divided my presentation into 3 parts. I`ll start of by introduction. Then I`ll speak about details and bring you some recommendations for these people who would like to try Bodybalance. I will end with benefits of this workout. My talk should take about 4-6 minutes. Please feel free to ask your questions in the end of presentation. At first I would like you to ask have you tried Bodybalance? Do you know WHAT Bodybalance workout? Bodybalance is the yoga-based class that will improve your mind, your body and your life. Some people call it new yoga. Frankly speaking it is not yoga. Bodybalance is a motivating BLEND OF YOGA WITH TAI CHI AND PILATES provided with music for a thoroughly refreshing, holistic workout. Breathing control is a part of all the exercises, and instructors will always provide
5 The thief grabbed my bag and ran The photos are connected with the 1B Past and perfect tenses off. topic of school. Both photos show page 4 6 He dropped a leaf into the water students in class. In the first photo I imagine that 1 1 ate and watched it drift under the they're about 13 years old. 2 have/'ve met bridge. It looks like a science lesson 3 have/'ve caught 7 As she got older, her health
language control techniques to connect your ideas logically and effectively. If you have a well documented list of techniques to connect your ideas effectively the writing process is less formidable. You will want to know how to join similarities, compare and contrast certain facts, introduce the next topic, offer a supporting idea, or refer to previously presented facts. You will also need to know how to present different shades of argument to produce logically a recommendation you wish to make. This requires an ability to emphasise certain facts and 'bury' others. However, all facts need to be linked to give a logical flow. This unit will give you language practice in this important aspect of producing written documents. Evaluation Exercise 1 Connectives Study the following two versions of the same text and decide which do you find easier to read and why?
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