SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT I (-s) DO/DOES AM/IS/ARE + ING HAVE/HAS + III pv. I learn English I am learning English I have learned English. I get up at 7 every day. I'm reading a good book at the I've learned 10 words today. He doesn't get up at 7. moment. He hasn't learned any new What time do you get up? He isn't reading anything at the words today. moment. How many words have you What are you reading at the learned today? moment? 1 Korduv tegevus
PASSIVE VOICE Active: S + V + O Passive: S + Be + PP(V3ed) + by + O (tense) EX: My father planted this tree last year. This tree was planted by my father last year. TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Simple Present Tense Active: S + V(s/es) + O Passive: S + am/is/are + PP + by + O EX: He reads books every day. Books are read (by him) every day. TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Present Continuous Tense Active: S + am/is/are + Ving + O Passive: S + am/is/are + being +PP + by + O EX: He is writing a novel at the moment. A novel is being written (by him) at the moment. TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Present Perfect Tense Active: S + Has/Have + V3ed + O Passive: S + has/have + been +PP + by + O EX: He has just finished a novel. A novel has just been finished (by him). TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICE The Simple Past Tense
active I (-es) writes is + III II (-ed) wrote was + III has + III has written has been + III is/was + ing is writing is/was being + III had + III had written had been + III will have + III will have written will have been +III will/can + I will write will/can be + III active passive I (-es) is + III II (-ed) was + III has + III has been + III is/was + ing is/was being + III had + III had been + III will have + III will have been +III will/can + I will/can be + III active writes wrote has written is writing had written
AVTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE PRESEN PAST FUTURE PRESEN PAST FUTURE T T v do V+ed II am was will be v+ed v+s does did Will+v is v + ed were +ed are am Was/ Will be + am Was/were + is + v + were+v+ing v + ing is being + ed _ ing being+ed are are have Had+v+ed Will+have have HAD BEEN WILL + +v + v+ed has + v+ed HAVE +ed/III been+ed BEEN+v+ed has Have Had been Will+ Has +v+ing have been _ _ _ +been/ + v+ing +v+ing
letter gossip;makingarrangements; maKtngexcuses Lead-in proverb. Thetitle aboveis takenfroman English Whatdo youthinkit means? r would you like to live in a castle, a tree or even underground'? This might not be as 2 in the pictures: a. Whichof the houses unusual as you think. It seems that these days more
letter gossip;makingarrangements; maKtngexcuses Lead-in proverb. Thetitle aboveis takenfroman English Whatdo youthinkit means? r would you like to live in a castle, a tree or even underground'? This might not be as 2 in the pictures: a. Whichof the houses unusual as you think. It seems that these days more
letter gossip;makingarrangements; maKtngexcuses Lead-in proverb. Thetitle aboveis takenfroman English Whatdo youthinkit means? r would you like to live in a castle, a tree or even underground'? This might not be as 2 in the pictures: a. Whichof the houses unusual as you think. It seems that these days more
CHAPTER 1 GETTING TO KNOW THE TOEFL WHAT IS THE TOEFL? The TOEFL is a comprehensive English language examination required by more than 3,000 colleges and universities in the United States, Canada, and other parts of the world. In addition, foreign born professionals frequently need a TOEFL score for certification to practice their profession in the United States or Canada. The TOEFL is a timed test that consists of the three sections listed here. THE TOEFL Section 1 Listening Comprehension 50 questions
letter gossip;makingarrangements; maKtngexcuses Lead-in proverb. Thetitle aboveis takenfroman English Whatdo youthinkit means? r would you like to live in a castle, a tree or even underground'? This might not be as 2 in the pictures: a. Whichof the houses unusual as you think. It seems that these days more
Book 1 BASIC ENGLISH BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR GRAMMAR BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR Book 1 Book 1 Younger students at beginning to intermediate levels will greatly benefit from this step-by-step approach to English grammar basics. This is the ideal supplement to your language arts program whether your students are native English speakers or beginning English language learners. Skill-specific lessons make it easy to locate and prescribe
"Tim is the master! I should know. I followed his rags to riches path and watched him transform himself from competitive ghter to entrepreneur. He tears apart conventional assumptions until he nds a better way." --Dan Partland, Emmy Awardwinning producer of American High and Welcome to the Dollhouse "The 4-Hour Workweek is an absolute necessity for those adventurous souls who want to live life to its fullest. Buy it and read it before you sacri ce any more!" --John Lusk, group product manager at Microsoft World Headquarters "If you want to live your dreams now, and not in 20 or 30 years, buy this book!" --Laura Roden, chairman of the Silicon Valley Association of Startup Entrepreneurs and a lecturer in Corporate Finance at San Jose State University "With this kind of time management and focus on the important things in life, people should be able to get 15 times as much done in a normal workweek
theatre and film in all their complexity. For making the music accessible 238 score examples (piano arrangements and some score originals) have been added. There is a Bibliography and list of useful addresses. I have worked on this text for twenty-five years, with some intervals, paying a lot of attention to the phenomena of cultural life in general. Without this background and the changes in it there would be no new and novel happenings in the Arts. For evaluating the past and present we need a perspective. This perspective cannot be confined to that which is at hand at the present moment: it loses its sense. While examining our present achievements we must not praise them excessively: this may lead to the abasement of the ideal. The essential development of Estonian music has taken place within the past one hundred years. The creation of national symphonic works indicated that a remarkable cultural level had been attained. A need for such music had arisen and there
BIBLIOGRAPHY 373 INDEX 374 ABOUT THE AUTHOR 407 vii INTRODUCTION Third Edition he waves are still rolling in from the pebbles in the pond that were the original Writer's Journey and its second edi tion. Since almost a decade has gone by since the second edition was launched, the ideas in that volume have been strenuously tested in a number of story-making labora tories around the world. Concepts I had developed as a story consultant for the Disney company and as a teacher of story construction have been through a fresh battery of challenges in the real world that I hope have made them stronger. T h e
about the importance of love and family. You are my mainstay and my greatest inspiration. ccc_tracy_fm_i-xviii.qxd 7/7/03 3:22 PM Page vi ccc_tracy_fm_i-xviii.qxd 7/7/03 3:22 PM Page vii Foreword If you are ready to leverage yourself to greatness and achieve giant results, you have the right road map in your hands.You have before you the DNA of your future. All you need to create a wonderful fu- ture for yourself is to read this book, decide how you are going to apply it to your own life, write out a plan, and then go forth with en- thusiasm and make it happen. I have a confession to make. I am one of Brian’s raving fans. I have studied him, his brilliant work, and the extraordinary results he has achieved
golden. Shadow had a few golden hairs on his paw, but did not turn golden until he was a year old when his coat turned to pale beige. By 3 years old he was entirely pale golden. Shadow was bred to a genetically golden female, but the pairing only produced silver offspring. However, at least one of his silver offspring later turned pale golden. Other descendents of Contessa also went through the late colour change. During the 1980s, several other breeders of Shaded Silver and Chinchilla Persians came forward to report that their cats had developed reddish, brownish or golden-coloured fur along their spines as they aged. Many of the cats had no golden in their ancestry. At first it was dismissed as an unavoidable genetic fault where silver was incompletely dominant and did not hide the recessive golden colour. A common ancestor of all the colour-changing Silver Persians was a stud cat called Kelly Lane Andromeda (in the UK) whose descendents were exported to the USA in the 1950s and 1960s
I see that man who you are pointing at. · Üldist, kogu aeg toimuvat või korduvat tegevust, pole oluline, kas tegevus toimub rääkimise hetkel. Teachers teach in schools. He usually goes to gym on Monday. · Tegevust mingil ajal. I go to school at 8 o´clock. You have to pay taxes once a month. · Kõigile tuntud fakte. Life passes by quickly. Present Continuous Kestva oleviku moodustamine Jaatav vorm Eitav vorm Küsiv vorm I am speaking I am not speaking Am I speaking? He/she/it is going He/she/it is not going Is he/she/it going? We/you/they are making We/you/they are not making Are we/you/they making? NB! ERANDID!
1. Be ready to explain the terms (lecture 1): language, linguistics, synchronic approach to language, diachronic approach to language, linguistic competence, linguistic performance, what is grammar?, prescriptive grammar vs. descriptive grammar; phonology, phonetics, phone, allophone, phoneme; morphology, morphemes (types of morphemes), morphs, allomorphs, types of affixes, derivational affixes, inflectional affixes; open vs closed class words; syntax. Language: a systematic, conventional use of sounds, signs or written symbols in a human society for communication and self-expression. - human language at all levels is rule- or principle-governed. Linguistics: the scientific study of human natural language
Private School of Audentes Links between English speaking countries and Estonia Author: Kristin Liiv Supervisor: Mari Martma Tallinn 2006 2 Table of contents Introduction..........................................................................................................................4 First links............................................................................................................................. 5
rational and capable of exercising responsibility until the age of majority, the age of 18. However, the adoption of the U.N Convention of the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) in 1989 granted for the first time the recognition for children as worthy individuals with rights of their own. The UNCRC laid the foundation for the potential re-evaluation of our traditional understanding of childhood and the perception of children as primarily objects of the adult world. Since, then the UNCRC has attracted significant scholarly interest from various disciplines and as such a high degree of research has been published in this area already. The increasing sociological interest in children in particular that has provided a new perspective around the idea of children as competent social actors has provoked a great controversy and confusion as it challenges the image of the incompetent child which is overwhelmingly prevalent in the Western society
(teach right from wrong) or ecclesiastical (biblical subject). Middle ages – English becomes a literary language. Geoffrey Chaucer (1343–1400) – Father of English literature, The Canterbury Tales in English, increased the prestige of the language, provided a standardised form. The Canterbury Tales: frame story. Majority in verse, some prose. Intended to contain 124 stories, only finished 24. Story: a pilgrimage to Canterbury Cathedral, where archbishop Thomas Becket had been murdered
oh-lah / chow ah-dee-ohs por fah-bor Hi! / Bye! Good bye. Please. Hasta la vista / Hasta luego. Hasta pronto. Hasta mañana. ah-stah lah vees-tah / ah-stah ah-stah prohn-toh ah-stah mahn-yahn-ah loo-ay-go See you soon. See you tomorrow. See you / See you later. (Muchas) Gracias. De nada. Bienvenidos (moo-chahs) grah-see-ahs day nah-dah byen-veh-nee-dohs Thank you (very much). You're welcome. Welcome Con permiso / Perdón / Lo siento Disculpe ¡Vamos! loh see-ehn-toh kohn pehr-mee-soh / pehr-dohn bah-mohs
1) Ann is my best friend! We........each other for years A know B knew C knows D have known 2) Nicky........to San Francisco when the accident happened. A flies B has flown C was flying D has been flying 3) Why don`t you let her........her story? A finish B to finish C finishing D have finished 4) Tim........in a cafe at present, but he has already applied for a new job A work B have worked C is working D worked 5) My father........already worked for two years before he went to University. A was B had C has D is 3. Change the order of the words to make a correct sentence. ( 5 points ) 1) I wonder / can / you / me / help / if 2) a / my / to / written / I / mother / already / letter / long / have
Moved to Cali 2005 Was Born Traveled to Europe Husband 1978 School graduates @ Oxford 1999 Started Got married School 1983 2008 2 The Six English Verb Tenses Three Simple Tenses Simple continuous Present You walk. You are walking I run. I am running. Past You Walked You were walking. I ran. I was running. Future You will walk. You will be walking. I will run. I will be running. Three Perfect Tenses Perfect continuous
INGLISE KEEL Sisukord Sisukord.................................................................................................................................. 2 Ajavormid Tense vorms.......................................................................................................3 Lihtolevik The present simple..................................................................................... 3 Lihtminevik The past simple....................................................................................... 3 Lihttulevik The future simple...................................................................................... 3 Kestev olevik The present continuous......................................................................... 3
INGLISE KEEL Sisukord Sisukord 2 Ajavormid Tense vorms 3 Lihtolevik The present simple 3 Lihtminevik The past simple 3 Lihttulevik The future simple 3 Kestev olevik The present continuous 3 Kestev minevik The past continuous 4 Kestev tulevik The future conrinuous 4 Täisminevik The present perfect 4 Enneminevik The past perfect 4 Ennetulevik Future perfect 5 Üldminevik Past tense 5 Üldtulevik Future indefinite 5 Artiklid ja eessõnad 7 Eessõnad 7 Kesksõnad 8
English structure revision for the exam 1. Terms Language → A systematic, conventional (tavakohane) use of sounds, signs or written symbols in a human society for communication and self-expression. Human language at all levels is rule- or principle- governed (valitsema) meaning that language corresponds to the grammar. Natural language is usually spoken, while language can also be encoded into symbols (such as letters, morse etc) For example: Estonian, English. Linguistics → The scientific study of human natural language. Broadly, there are three aspects to the study which are Pragmatics (studies the use of language → interested in the gap between the sentence’s meaning and the speaker’s meaning). Semantics (concerned with the meaning of the language aspects and the way they change, also how objects and language and thinking and language are related).
http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rmps20 When `we' are `the other'. Travel books on Romania as exercises in intercultural communication a Rodica Dimitriu a Department of English , Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaþi , Romania Published online: 06 Aug 2012. To cite this article: Rodica Dimitriu (2012) When `we' are `the other'. Travel books on Romania as exercises in intercultural communication, Perspectives: Studies in Translatology, 20:3, 313-327, DOI: 10.1080/0907676X.2012.702400 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.2012.702400 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE
Location: My kinda town is located in the south of Europe on the westernmost tip of the country. The region it belongs to is bordering two seas, one in the west and another one to the southwest It is situated on the mainland about 20 km off the coast. It has mainly flat terrain with several hills. Climate: My kinda town has the Mediterranean climate. There are 4 seasons; however spring and autumn are very short. Usually summers are dry and very warm, winters are rainy and mild. Temperatures during winter only occasionally fall below the freezing point and snow generally is seldom seen. In the summer, the temperatures range from mild to very warm. Spring is relatively warm and autumn is mild with few rains and time when
Studium Units 1-4 e-formaat Toimetatud Tartu Emajõe Koolis Toimetaja I. Tars Tartus, 2016 Elektroonilisse vormingusse kohandatud õpikus kasutatud märgised, mis aitavad otsingukäsu kasutamisel navigeerida * Tavakirjas leheküljenumbri ees on kolm järjestikust sidekriipsu, tühik ja vastava lehekülje number, näiteks, --- 5; * peatüki ette on kirjutatud kolm x-i, tühik ja vastava peatüki number, näiteks xxx 5; * visuaalne info on pandud kahekordsete ümarsulgude vahele. I Love English 6 töövihik sobib inglise keele õpetamiseks 8. klassis Töövihik vastab riiklikule õppekavale Retsenseerinud Piret Kärtner, Viive Latt, Ingrit Tera Toimetanud Viiu Menning, Nicola Fyfe, Tiina Helekivi Kujundanud ja küljendanud Eve Kurm Tehniliselt toimetanud Andero Kurm Illustreerinud Ülle Meister Esikaas: Boswell and Dr. Johnson (foto Scanpix). Vaata Unit 20. Autoriõigus: Mare Jõul, Ülle Kurm, 2009 Kirjastus Studium, 2009 Kõik õigused on kaitstud
the organ, including immune responses and the entire muscle and ultimately, to the limb cellular recognition pathways. or structure that is moved. A relatively thick The two major types of lipid found in sheath of connective tissue, the epimysium, skeletal muscle are triglycerides and phos- encloses the entire muscle. In most muscles, pholipids. Triglycerides make up the greatest the epimysium is continuous, with tendons proportion of lipid associated with muscle. that link muscles to bones. The muscle is Triglycerides (triacylglycerides) consist of a subdivided into bundles or groupings of glycerol molecule in which the hydroxyl muscle cells. These bundles (also known as groups are esterified with three fatty acids. fasciculi) are surrounded by another sheath The melting point and the iodine number of of connective tissue, the perimysium
TENSES. ACTIVE VOICE. 1. Present Simple (üldolevik) I (he, she, it s) he works Eitav,küsiv do (I, you, we, they) he does not work does (he, she, it) does he work? Verbidele, mis lõpevad infinitiivis ss, -sh, -ch, -x või o, lisatakse ainsuse 3. pöördes es he touches, she goes Verbidel, mis lõpevad y-ga, mille ees on konsonant, muutub y->ies
1 Grammatical Terminology PRACTICAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR FLGR.01.042 Grammatical Terminology analytic analüütiline (= uninflected - grammar is focused in the sentence , e.g. English) synthetic sünteetiline (= inflected - grammar is focused in the word, e.g. Estonian, Latin, Russian, Old English) ending lõpp (käände- ja pöördelõpud) marker tunnus (mitmuse, oleviku, lihtmineviku, tingiva kõneviisi, käskiva kõneviisi, kaudse kõneviisi, umbisikulise tegumoe, ma- tegevusnime, oleviku kesksõna, mineviku kesksõna) derivational affix liide, tuletusliide, tuletusafiks (e.g. postwar, anti-American, wiser, greenish) parts of speech sõnaliigid
Golden Grammar rules 1. Don't use an with own. Sue needs her own room. (NOT Sue needs an own room.) I'd like a phone line of my own. (NOT ... an own phone line.) 2. Use or rather to correct yourself. She's German or rather, Austrian. (NOT She's German or better, Austrian.) I'll see you on Friday or rather, Saturday. 3. Use the simple present play(s), rain(s) etc to talk about habits and repeated actions. I play tennis every Saturday. (NOT I am playing tennis every Saturday.) It usually rains a lot in November. 4. Use will ..., not the present, for offers and promises. I'll cook you supper this evening. (NOT I cook you supper this evening.) I promise I'll phone you tomorrow. (NOT I promise I phone you tomorrow.) 5. Don't drop prepositions with passive verbs. I don't like to be shouted at. (NOT I don't like to be shouted
annaabi.ee 
Sisene Facebook'ga
Sisene Google'ga
Sisene LinkedIn'ga
