Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "The romantic movement in American literature". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
poem, romantic, tale, literary, cooper, poet, writer, beauty, romanticism, revolution, writers, irving, walt, whitman, emily, dickinson, poems, movement, literature, nature, 1891, allan, 1886, 19th, century, works, usher, than, truth, lain, room, artistic, influenced, characteristic, features, intuition, feelings, reality, emphasis, women, childrenMuch of the material addressed the problems of Church and State. There were few examples of fiction, poetry or drama. Anne Bradstreet of Massachusetts published some lyrical poems of high literary quality (1650) and Edward Taylor, who was born in England but lived in Boston, wrote some poetry in the style of John Donne and the metaphysical poets. All 17 th cent Am writings were, both in content and form, similar to English lit of the same period. The great literary figures of the 18th cent were Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790), Thomas Paine (1737-1809) and Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826). The common sense and witty aphorisms of Franklin's popular Poor Richard's Almanac series appealed to colonial readers. Franklin also wrote effectively on the question of allegiance to the British crown but it was his protégé, Thomas Paine, who inspired colonists during the dark days of the Revolution with his stirring pamphlet
birth. The idea of the American Dream is rooted in the United States Declaration of Independence which proclaims that "all men are created equal" and that they are "endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable Rights" including "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." (Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn) De Crevecoeur, Hector St. John (17351813): FrancoAmerican Writer. With the publication of his Letters from an American Farmer (1782), Hector St. John de Crevecoeur became one of the eighteenthcentury's most influential commentators on American life and manners. While not born in America, Crevecoeur traded his French citizenship for an American one in 1765, taking up residence in New York. He had traveled throughout New
American literature The literary history of this nation when the first humanbeing living in what has since become the U.S used language creatively. · Mid to late 18 century put down · Words are powerful, magical · Words must be remembered · Native Americans stories creation of the world · Attidude thought their land/language · Similar stories Dates and names · America was discovered in 1492 by Columbus · 1497 John Cabot went to Canada
He adapted very well to military discipline. Mr. Allan had him appointed to West Point Military Academy, but was dismissed. He married his 14-old cousin who had tuberculosis (lead to drinking). Two years after his wife´s death Poe himself was found in a Baltimore street near a polling place on an Election Day, died a few days later in hospital when he was only 40. · His works reflect the double aspect of his personality: the abandonment of the self-destructive romantic artist and the self-control of the conscious and conscientious craftsman, the passivity of the dreamer indifferent to all that exists outside his dream world and the restless activity of a keen mind always on the alert. · Poe himself classified his tales as "grotesque", "arabesque", "ratiocinative", to indicate variations in his intentions. The ,,arabesque" are those in which horror or other emotion in violent suspense
novel. Traditionally Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe (1719) or Moll Flanders (1722); nowadays Aphra Behn’s Oroonoko published in 1688 is cited as the first English novel. Aphra Behn is also the first English professional female literary writer. So many candidates because it is not clear what qualifies as a novel and what not. End of the 17th century – emergence of the reign of common sense introduced by John Locke (1632–1704). According to him, there are limits to the human intelligence and
· The King of England was George III, after him George IV and then Queen Victoria Outcomes: · Revolution did not bring welfare · Lives of the lower-classes worsened · Extended the distance between the lower and upper class · The rich got richer, the poor got poorer 2. Romanticism is a reaction against classicism, science and atomic (aesthetic ideal of order and unity) worldview. Romantic ideal is the organic world. Romanticism: · Returns to nature and belief in the goodness of mankind · Exaltation of the senses and emotion overcome reason and intellect is the time when novels became more important · Imagination is very important, it is a God-like creator (W. Blake: "I know that this world is a World of Imagination and Vision") 3. Romantic image of the poet The poet was a learned man who also knew how to appreciate nature
of the Evening Chronice. After a brief honeymoon in Chalk, Kent, they set up home in Bloomsbury, where they had ten children. On 9 June 1865, while returning from France with Ternan, Dickens was involved in the Staplehurst rail crash in which the first seven carriages of the train plunged off a cast iron bridge that was being repaired.Because of that he died.( 9 June1870) Oliver Twist (1837-39), Nicholas Nickleby (1838-39), The Old Curiosity Shop and, Barnaby Rudge: A Tale of the Riots of 'Eighty as part of the Master Humphrey's Clock series (1840- 41), A Christmas Carol written in 1843. Hard Times- For These Times. is a novel by Charles Dickens, first published in 1854. The book is a state-of-the-nation novel, which aimed to highlight the social and economic pressures that some people were experiencing. Unlike other such writings at the time, the novel is unusual in that it is not set in London.
Highest class was aristocracy (the Church and the nobility); the middle class/the bourgeoisie (shopkeepers, merchants, lawyers, businessmen etc.) was the biggest class; and the lowest class "the working class" and "the poor"; new change was the upward mobility people could become richer and move upward in social classes (to higher class); huge boost of the middle and working class; after industrial revolution there was still social division; late 18th century philosophers and writers started to question the social status of the nobility · What were the reasons behind upward mobility? New public schools for poorer people; S. Smile "Self Help"; questioning the social status of the nobility · Reasons behind the rise of literacy 1850 Libraries Act, the Sixpenny novels (people could by cheap books- T. Malory "Morte d'Arthur", W. Scott historical novels- most popular was "Ivanhoe"; new schools for middle class- public schools; not so
English history that would have otherwise been unknown ,,The Father of English History" Wrote / translated about 40 books on almost every area of knowledge, i.e. nature, astronomy, and poetry His best known work is "The Ecclesiastical History of the English People" Starting with the Roman invasion in the 5th century, he recorded the history of the English up to his own day Old English Cædmon ,,The Father of English Hymn" Cædmon's Hymn is the oldest recorded Old English poem, and also one of the oldest surviving samples of Germanic alliterative verse The Hymn itself was composed between 658 and 680, recorded in the earlier part of the 8th century Middle English Geoffrey Chaucer 13431400 Known as the ,,Father of English literature", the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages An author, philosopher, alchemist and astronomer, diplomat Wrote The Book of the Duchess, the House of Fame, the Legend of Good Women and Troilus and Criseyde
Ego-rational behavior, motivation, self-identification, conscious decisions Id-instincts, natural responses, the pleasure principle, aggressive instincts, the death wish Influence: In art and literature, Freud's theories influenced surrealism . Like psychoanalysis, surrealistic painting and writing explores the inner depths of the unconscious mind. Freudian ideas have provided subject matter for authors and artists. Critics often analyze art and literature in Freudian terms. 2. Literary Modernism and its sub-movements. The influence of Structuralism and psychoanalysis. Main characteristic features of Modernism. Denial of conventions, traditional structure, plot and presentation of character. The stream of consciousness. Allusiveness. Virginia Woolf's Modern Fiction as a theoretical platform for Modernism. Criticism of Realist literary method. Literary modernism: end of the 19th century-1920 (reached its height) and ended 1940s. A self-
three fields; used heavy ploughs. In 787 AD came the Vikings from Scandinavia, who set up their own state Danelaw. Had their own religion, however their rituals did not demand sacrifices. Introduced new words (1800). Placenames withe suffixes -by and -dale. They had their own customs and laws, which we know due to sagas (oral history). They had no written language. Beowulf Beowulf is an epic or a long poem describing the adventures of an hero. It belongs to the Anglo-Saxon period, when they were still living on the mainland and then brought to Greta Britain . It was made up in the 3rd or 4th century. I was spread orally until it was written down in the 10th century. The author is unknown and the manuscript is kept in the British Museum (near Trafalgar Square). The story is very important as it allows us to lear about the way of life in the 4th century.
Rudyard Kipling - One of the most memorable English writers of all time Family of Joseph Rudyard Kipling Mother- Alice MacDonald Kipling. Alice Kipling (one of four remarkable Victorian sisters) was a vivacious woman about whom a future Viceroy of India would say, "Dullness and Mrs. Kipling cannot exist in the same room."[3] Father - John Lockwood Kipling. Lockwood Kipling, a sculptor, an illustrator, museum curator and pottery designer, was the principal and professor of architectural sculpture at the newly-
Russian philology The meaning of the word "philology" is "love for word". This is love that unites teachers and researchers of modern and Classical languages and literature, interpreters and diplomats, journalists and publishers, writers and poets. Russian philologis are highly demanded in various spheres of scholarly research and education, in the mass media, in civil service at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in archives, libraries, museums, in travel agencies, as well as Russian and international companies. Curriculum within in philological faculty includes courses of Russian and European languages and literature, courses of Linguistics and Theory of Literature for students to
today. He is, in addition, acid, disagreeable, unpleasant, and we can catalogue these characteristics like the most appreciated by its followers. Larkin gives us through his poetry, a vision of middle-aged conservative, that in a politically incorrect way in our days, does not stand children, detests the life in family, he does not believe in anything and he does not wait anything of the life. He scorns the “literary life” and also the things that normally soften everybody: the romantic love, the memories of the childhood, the nature, etc. Keywords: Larkin, poetry, cruelty, suffering, nature Index Introduction 4 1. Chapter I 5 1.1. Larkin Studies Points of View: Biography and Poetry 5 1.2. Larkin Stylistic Map 8 2. Chapter II 11 2
story, even though hemingway wasn't very religious man. Hemingway commited suicide by blowing his head off. 1930's in American literature. Banks closed, bums crowded the streets, products, food were wasted to keep up the prices. This merry, cheerful party mood of 1920 was changed to social consciousness and seriousness. Writers became socially minded. Politically and economicallt the rise of trade unions. Communist party in the usa became quite popular. Partly because of the russian revolution, which had huge impact all over the world. Writers became more critical and more bitter. One zanr that was proletarian literature, pro communist, left wing. The most famous representative was Michael Gold. The most interesting style was modernist combined with realism. The most interesting writer of this period was John Dos Passos 1896-1970. He is linked to the 1930's, the period of fear, unemployment, the rise of facism, market crashing. Came from
Now the regal divinity even more obvious. Ben Jonson. Divine minds of this incomparable pair. Arts role – to set a noble ideals, to strengthen practice of virtue. He and queen living incarnations of ideals. Visual style of his reign more classical than James’s. Thomas Carew „Coelum Britannicum”. King’s policy of peace (peace in every courtly celebration). Benefits to the isle by the union of divine couple. Henrietta Maria Love and Beauty and Charles – Heroic Virtue, together a great force. Masques centre of court life. Stuart divinity + now queen as a Platonic love goddess. Maria – from French court amnners and highly artificial language of adoration – fashion. Idealised love wiped away all stains. Through their harmony, Charles could make his heavenly ascent and bring great benefits to their obedient subjects. Very costy. Closed court, believed in masques. 3
Though following German patterns, this all-Estonian enterprise became a national tradition and, coloured by the Estonian spirit, expressed the unity of the Estonian people. In its essence this became a spiritual manifestation of national potential. The success of the festival led to more choirs and bands being organised in Estonia. The following year the society would found the first amateur theatre. Dr. Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald (1803-1882) was the compiler of the national epic poem, Kalevipoeg, the first Estonian literary work to achieve international recognition, published in sequels between 1857 and 1861; he was a strong influence on the young Estonian intellectuals, a writer, a practising physician, and a member of foreign societies (the Finnish Literary Society and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences). Dr. Karl August Hermann (1851-1909) was a philologist, the most prominent figure in the music life during the National Awakening, and the publisher of the first
STYLISTICS 1. Style, stylistics, a survey of stylistic studies The term ,,style" is polysemantic. Latin ,,stilus"--a writing instrument used by the ancients for writing on waxed tablets. Soon, the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. Jonathan Swift said: ,, Style is proper words in proper places" Present day--half a dozen meanings: · the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his ideas (Style of Byron) · the manner of expressing ideas characteristic of a literary movement or period (symbolism, romanticism) · the use of lg. typical of a literary genre (comedy, drama, novel) · the selective use of lg that depends on spheres of human activity. These are called functional styles or registers (fiction, newspaper) Stylistics is the study of style
.................................................... 6 18501918.............................................................................................................................. 8 The national awakening................................................................................................... 8 The russification period.................................................................................................... 9 Emergence of parties and the 1905 revolution............................................................... 11 The post-revolutionary situation and World War I (19071917)...................................... 14 Our opinion............................................................................................................................ 18 References............................................................................................................................ 19
The term style is a polysemantic one. The latin word ,,stilus" meant a writing instrument used by the ancients for writing on waxed tablets. Already, in classical latin the meaning of style was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. One of the abts/the best was given by Jonathan Swift: ,,Proper words in proper places." In present- day english, the world style is used in about half a dozen basic meanings. 1. the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his ideas. Some speak about the style of Hemingway, Dickens etc. 2. the manner of expressing ideas, characteristic of a literary movement or period. Style of symbolism, romanticism 3. the use of language to pick a literary genre-comedy, novel, drama, O.D (poetic form) etc. 4. the selective use of language that depends on spheres of human activity fiction, scientific prose, newspapers, official documents, business correspondenc etc.
5. Expressiveness on the level of word-building 6. Phonetic expressive means Study independen tly 7. Phonetic SD ("Rhythm And Style") 8. Lexical SD* 9. Syntactic SD* Use lecture notes 10. Graphical means and devices 11. Common literary and common colloquial vocabulary 12. Special literary vocabulary 13. Special colloquial vocabulary 14. Metre in English poetry. Modifications of metre ("Rhythm and Text") 15. Typically English stanzas ("Rhythm and Text") 16. Rhythm in poetry and in prose ("Rhythm and Text") Study independently 17
1. STYLE The term "style" is polysemantic (has many meanings): a Latin word "stilus" originally meant a writing instrument used by ancient people. Already in classical Latin the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. Jonathan Swift defined style as "proper words in proper places". In present day English the word "style" is used in about a dozen of principle meanings: 1. the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his/her ideas (e.g. style of Byron) 2. the manner of expressing ideas, characteristic of a literary movement or period 3. the use of language typical of a literary genre (e.g. the style of a comedy, drama, novel). 4. the selective use of language that depends on spheres / areas of human activity (e.g. style of fiction, scientific prose, newspapers, business correspondence, etc.). STYLISTICS Stylistics is the study of style
· The role of Henry Ford Automobile manufacturer (8.) 1896 invented the Quadricycle (8.) 1903 - Ford Motor Company was founded Massproduction cars => urbanisation VIII Immigration to the US · major source of population growth and cultural. Controversial ethnics, religion, levels of crime etc · Statue of Liberty Gift from France in recognition of the friendship established during the American Revolution Situated on Ellis Island Symbol of freedom and democracy · Causes of immigration from Europe in the 19th century America- land of economic opportunity Irish, German, French, British immigrants · Different waves of immigration Irish - 1840, 207 000 Irish started to emigrate in large numbers as Britain eased travel restrictions because of the Irish Potato Famine. In 1848, bad crops and failed revolutions led to emigration of 435,000 Germans, 267,000 British
Some of the things you will learn in THE CODEBREAKERS • How secret Japanese messages were decoded in Washington hours before Pearl Harbor. • How German codebreakers helped usher in the Russian Revolution. • How John F. Kennedy escaped capture in the Pacific because the Japanese failed to solve a simple cipher. • How codebreaking determined a presidential election, convicted an underworld syndicate head, won the battle of Midway, led to cruel Allied defeats in North Africa, and broke up a vast Nazi spy ring. • How one American became the world's most famous codebreaker, and another became the world's greatest. • How codes and codebreakers operate today within the secret agencies of the U
Christopher Vogler is a veteran story consultant for major Hollywood film companies and a respected teacher of filmmakers and writers around the globe. H e has influenced the stories of movies from The Lion King to Fight Club to The Thin Red Line. H e is the executive producer of the feature film, PS. Your Cat Is Dead, and writer of the animated feature, Jester Till. MICHAEL WIESE PRODUCTIONS www.mwp.com " T h i s book is like having the smartest person in the story meeting come home with you and whisper what to do in your ear as you write a screenplay. Insight for insight, step for step, Chris Vogler takes us through the process of connecting theme to story and m a k i n g a script come alive."
Foreword Bridging rivers, gorges, narrows, straits, and valleys always has played an important role in the history of human settlement. Since ancient times, bridges have been the most visible testimony of the noble craft of engineers. A bridge can be defined in many ways, but Andrea Palladio, the great 16th century Italian architect and engineer, hit on the essence of bridge building when he said "...bridges should befit the spirit of the community by exhibiting commodiousness, firmness, and delight." In more practical terms, he went on to explain that the way to avoid having the bridge carried away by the violence of water was to make the bridge without fixing any posts in the water. Since the beginning of time, the goal of bridge builders has been to create as wide a span as possible which is commodious, firm, and occasionally delightful. Spanning greater distances is a distinct measure of engineering prowess. In terms of engineering, b
sity; A. Celeste Farr, North Carolina State University; Arthur Frankel, Salve Regina University; and Brian Smith, Graceland University. Finally, throughout the project, no one was more on my side than Bobette Gor- den, who lived every word with me. I wish to thank the following individuals who-either directly or through their course instructors-contributed the "Reader's Reports" used in past editions: Pat Bobbs, Annie Carto, William Cooper, Alicia Friedman, William Graziano, Mark Hastings, Endayehu Kendie, Danuta Lubnicka, James Michaels, Steven Moysey, Paul Nail, Alan J. Resnik, Daryl Retzlaff, Geofrey Rosenberger, Dan Swift, and Karla Vasks. Special thanks are due to those who provided new Reader's Reports for this edition: Hartnut Bock, Michael Conroy, Jonathan Harries, Karen Klawer (2), Katie Mueller, Paul Nail, Dan Norris, Sam Omar, Joanna Spychala, and Robert Stauth.
and learn from then how to live. The Buddha is said to have given a “silent sermon” once during which he held up a flower and gazed at it. After a while, one of those present, a monk called Mahakasyapa, began to smile. He is said to have been the only one who had understood the sermon. According to legend, that smile (that is to say, realization) was handed down by twenty- eight successive masters and much later became the origin of Zen. Seeing beauty in a flower could awaken humans, however briefly, to the beauty that is an essential part of their own innermost being, their true nature. The first recognition of beauty was one of the most significant events in the evolution of human consciousness. The feelings of joy and love are intrinsically connected to that recognition. Without our fully realizing it, flowers would become for us an expression in form of that which is most high, most sacred, and ultimately formless within ourselves
N. A. Vavilov ASPECTS OF BRITISH HISTORY Н. А. Вавилов КРАТКАЯ ИСТОРИЯ ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИИ Учебное пособие на английском языке Москва Институт международного права и экономики имени А. С. Грибоедова 2008 2 УТВЕРЖДЕНО кафедрой лингвистики и переводоведения Вавилов Н.А. Краткая история Великобритании: Учебное пособие на английском языке. – 2-е изд., пересмотр. и испр. – М.: ИМПЭ им. А.С. Грибоедова, 2008. �
Hamlet Shakespeare, William Published: 1599 Categorie(s): Fiction, Drama Source: Feedbooks 1 About Shakespeare: William Shakespeare (baptised 26 April 1564 – died 23 April 1616) was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon" (or simply "The Bard"). His surviv- ing works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been trans- lated into every major living language, and are performed more often than those of any other playwright. Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18
AMBER AND RUSSET - LATE COLOUR CHANGE GENES Copyright 2014, Sarah Hartwell The ancestors of the domestic cat were nondescript black/brown striped tabbies. Over the centuries, mutation produced a wide array of colours based on 2 different pigments. Eumelanin gives the blacks, browns and blues while phaeomelanin gives the reds, fawns and creams. A few other genes give further variations on those colours such silvers, colourpoints and solids/selfs. Mutations continue to occur and unexpected colours also turn up due to inbreeding where recessive genes, hidden for generations, start showing up. AMBER AND LIGHT AMBER During the 1990s, some purebred Norwegian Forest Cats in Sweden produced chocolate/lilac and cinnamon/fawn offspring. However, those colours are not found in the purebred Norwegian Forest Cat gene pool. Had the gene pool become polluted by someone, perhaps generations ago, breeding their Norwegian Forest Cat to another breed? Was it a spontaneous mutation? Crossing of those c
THE CAPITALIST NIGER Chika Onyeani ………………………Every African must internalise this book - period….DAA INTRODUCTION In October 1960, Nigeria received its independence from Britain. By then, Ghana the former Gold Coast had been independent for three years under the great Osagyefo Kwame Nkumah. It was a time for celebrating Africa’s coming of age, as more and more African countries received their independence either from Britain or France. It was especially a poignant time for Africa, as then British Prime Minister Harold McMillan articulated his now famous “winds of change” sweeping Africa. We had high hopes for Africa, for the Black race, that the insidious imposition of foreign rule on us, the looting of Africa’s natural resources by our colonial masters accorded us would be things of history. That is more than forty years ago. Unfortunately, the promise of independence has not been fulfilled. Today, Africa has become more desolate; there is more starvation
winged horse for it to denote. (We shall discuss such names at some length in chapter 3.) Or consider pronouns of quantification, as in: (5) I saw nobody. 4 Philosophy of Language It would be a tired joke to take "nobody" as a name and respond, "You must have very good eyesight, then." (Lewis Carroll: "Who did you pass on the road?" . . . "Nobody" . . . " . . . So of course nobody walks slower than you."1 And e. e. cummings' poem "anyone lived in a pretty how town"2 makes little sense to the reader until s/he figures out that cummings is perversely using expressions like "anyone" and "noone" as names of individual persons.) Second, consider a simple subjectpredicate sentence: (6) Ralph is fat. Though "Ralph" may name a person, what does "fat" name or denote? Not an individual. Certainly it does not name Ralph, but describes or character- izes him (fairly or no).
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