SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY A century ago communication across any distance was dependent upon the telegraph or letters. No jets crossed the ocean, no television pictures enabled us instantly to see events in any part of the world, there were no worldwide telephone networks and no computers. It is just a short lifetime since humanity first travelled into space and discovered how fragile our planet looks. FROM FIREWORKS TO THE MOON
Foreword Bridging rivers, gorges, narrows, straits, and valleys always has played an important role in the history of human settlement. Since ancient times, bridges have been the most visible testimony of the noble craft of engineers. A bridge can be defined in many ways, but Andrea Palladio, the great 16th century Italian architect and engineer, hit on the essence of bridge building when he said "...bridges should befit the spirit of the community by exhibiting commodiousness, firmness, and delight." In more practical terms, he went on to explain that the way to avoid having the bridge carried away by the violence of water was to make the bridge without fixing any posts in the water. Since the beginning of time, the goal of bridge builders has been to create as wide a span as possible
(abridged by the author) A SIGNET BOOK from NEW AMERICAN LIBRARV TIMES MIRROR Copyright © 1967, 1973 by David Kahn All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information address The Macmillan Company, 866 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10022. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 63-16109 Crown copyright is acknowledged for the following illustrations from Great Britain's Public Record Office: S.P. 53/18, no. 55, the Phelippes forgery, and P.R.O. 31/11/11, the Bergenroth reconstruction.
practice his trumpet, and hang out and play cards with his family. The two friends then realized that there was a big difference in their lifestyles and the amount of energy they used. So Jules decided she should figure out how much energy Les used and then compare her energy consumption to how much she really needed. To do this, they figured out how much energy Jules was using for entertainment, light, heating and cooling, cleaning, preparing food, transportation, and communication devices. They discovered that the amount of energy used for any purpose could be measured in different ways. Light bulbs are measured in watts. Air conditioners and hot water heaters are measured in BTUs, while energy used by cars is measured in gallons of fuel. They used a spreadsheet to figure out how much energy they consumed for each of their activities. Each of the lights, car miles, games, and other appliances was converted to a common unit of power consumption called kilowatt-hours
Table of contents 1. Introduction 2. History 2.1. Early Hospitals 2.2 Recent developments 3. The National Health Service 4. Diseases 5. First Aid 6. Medicine and elements of medical care 7. Doctors 8. Ways of keeping health 9. Conclusion 10.Used materials 1. Introduction The human body is just like a machine with many parts. Each part has a special job, and all the parts work together to keep you alive and healthy. Good health is one of the most important things in life. There are certain things we can do to stay healthy. We should eat a balanced diet that includes the right kinds of food and drink plenty of clean, fresh water. We should exercise regularly, strengthening our muscles and keeping us in shape. Exercise helps the blood circulate around our bodies, cleaning
Next time they came in 43 A.D. and their leader was Emperor Claudius. Romans brought a lot with them. Their brought paved roads, the sites of important cities, the seeds of Christianity, the Roman law, Roman baths, language and advanced civilization. They also built Hadrian's Wall in 122 A.D. Romans occupied Britain for four centuries. The Roman way of life all vanished after the invasions from Northern Europe by the Angles, Saxons and Jutes from the 5th century onwards. They ruined Londinium, but they were easily turned into Christianity and religion became more and more important. The Vikings, who came in the 9th century, first raided England to plunder it, but then they decided to stay. In the 10th century England fell under Danish Rule, with King Canute finally managing to unite the Anglo-Saxons and Danes at the beginning of 11th century. Medieval England After defeating the Anglo-Saxon King Harold at the Battle of Hastings in 1066,
perhaps as early as the First Dynasty, although the first evidence is from the account books of King Neferirkare Kakai of the Fifth Dynasty (about 2400 BC). Papyrus sheets were glued together to form a scroll. Tree bark such as lime (Latin liber, from which also comes library) and other materials were also used. According to Herodotus (History 5:58), the Phoenicians brought writing and papyrus to Greece around the 10th or 9th century BC. The Greek word for papyrus as writing material (biblion) and book (biblos) come from the Phoenician port town Byblos, through which papyrus was exported to Greece. From Greek we also derive the word tome (Greek: ), which originally meant a slice or piece and from there began to denote "a roll of papyrus". Tomus was used by the Latins with exactly the same meaning as volumen. Whether made from papyrus, parchment, or paper, scrolls were the dominant form of book in the
..................................... 14 Our opinion............................................................................................................................ 18 References............................................................................................................................ 19 2|Page 17101850 The century and a half following the Great Northern War, which ended with the Peace of Uusikaupunki, was a relatively static period in Estonian history with few momentous events. This was the time of the crystallization and the culmination of serfdom, when various socio- political and cultural undercurrents were also active, preparing the ground for the industrial society and the national-democratic movement in the second half of the 19th century.
suudavad täita ainult programme. Analoogsüsteem andmeid salvestatakse (peegeldatakse) proportsionaalselt Näit: termomeeter, vinüülplaat, foto Digitaalsüsteem (pidevad) andmed lõhutakse üksikuteks tükkideks, mis salvestatakse eraldi Näit: CD, arvutiprogramm, kiri tähtede ja bittidena Ühelt teisele: digitaliseerimine The three major comparisons of computers are: Electronic computers versus Mechanical computers General-purpose versus Special-purpose computers Digital versus Analog computers Electronic Computers Constructed from transistors that use electricity to function. Mechanical Computers Do not use electricity to function. Constructed of a combination of gears, levers and springs. General-purpose Computers Were not manufactured to do any one thing
The Division of the Russian Language and Literature unites the Department of the Russian Language, the Department of Russian Literature, the Department of Russian Literature of XX century, and the Department of Russian Folklore. The core curriculum includes courses in the history of Russian literature (from Kievan Rus times to the present) and folklore, modern Russian , Old Slavonic, the history of the Russian language and Russian dialectology, etc. The Department of Russian Literature of XX century in Russian literature explore (from 1890s to the present), including works of Russian emigrants abroad and nonRussian writers in Russia proper. Curriculum at the Division of Russian as a Foreign Language is similar to the one of the Division of the Russian Language and Literature, with additional stress laid on foreign languages, the theory and methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language, and area studies.
These criminals are doing what nature, environment, their unconscious tells them to do. Naturalists do not judge their characters, they simply report. Try to describe facts like they are. Naturalists depict the lower, coarser forms of life. · Drab, squallid set of scene. Revolting, disgusting · Characters are people with strong animal desires · Neurotic characters unable to understand the forces that control them · By the end of the 18th century the naturalism depicts in europe, but stars to become the literature method no 1 in america · Naturalism appealed American authors because they found it very right to describe what was going on in the turn of century in America · They wanted something fresh, new · They were disgusted by romantics · Showed the harsh tone in moral life · Refleced the development of science · Period of intense urbanisation, the city is in the center of the novel, often
pressure long enough to convert their trapped hydrocarbons into crude oil. Technically speaking, oil shales are not always shales and do not contain oil, but are fined-grain sedimentary rocks containing an insoluble rganic solid called kerogen. The kerogen in the rock can be converted into crude oil using heat and pressure to simulate natural processes. The method has been known for centuries and was patented in 1694 under British Crown Patent No. 330 covering, "A way to extract and make great quantities of pitch, tar, and oil out of a sort of stone." Although oil shales are found in many countries, the United States has the world's largest deposits. Classification The petroleum industry generally classifies crude oil by the geographic location it is produced in (e.g. West Texas Intermediate, Brent, or Oman), its API gravity (an oil industry measure of density), and its sulfur content. Crude oil may be considered light if
Ray Cornise's Fat-Loss Spreadsheet Continuous Glucose Monitor Glucose Trend: Ferriss, Tim Modal Day: Ferriss, Tim Glucose Trend, September 25 Glucose Trend, September 26 Testosterone and Nandrolone ADDING MUSCLE The Kettlebell Swing Touch-and-Go Deadlifts Two-Legged Glute Activation Raises Flying Dog The Myotatic Crunch Abdominal Muscles Cat Vomit Exercise Front Plank Side Plank Hip Flexor Stretch Alpha-Actinin 3 (ACTN3) Time Ferriss, Before-and-After Shots Pull-down Machine Shoulder Press The Locked Position Slight Incline/Decline Bench Press Leg Press Leg Press Barbell Overhead Press Squat Sample Workouts Calendars The "Yates" Bent Row The Reverse Drag Curl Sacroplasmic Hypertrophy and Myofibrillar Hyertrophy IMPROVING SEX Conventional Missionary and Improved-Angle Missionary Improved-Pressure Missionary Conventional Cowgirl and Improved-Pressure Cowgirl The Clitoris The 15-Minute Female Orgasm
measured by companies working in the textile industry. Pilling measurement is traditionally performed using manual procedures involving visual control of fabric surface by human experts. Since the early nineties, great efforts in developing automatic and non-intrusive methods for pilling measurement have been made all around the world with the final aim of overcoming traditional, visual-based and subjective, procedures. Machine Vision proved to be among the best options to perform such defect assessment since it provided increasingly performing measurement equipment and tools, serving the purpose of automatic control. In particular, a relevant number of interesting works have been proposed so far, sharing the idea of helping (or even replacing) traditional measurement methods using image processing-based ones. The present work provides a rational
runescape.com) is a massive 3D multiplayer fantasy adventure game. It is probably the largest pay-to-play Java online game, with over 5000 paying members and 1 million free registrations. Clients can use a Java applet to play, or download a Windows-based client application. A telling exception from this list are Java games on consoles. The only examples to date are the Sega Dreamcast games Skies of Arcadia (2000) and Daytona USA (2001), which contained a PersonalJava virtual machine [Patrizio 2000]. However, the Dreamcast is no longer in production. 2.3.2. Freeware/Shareware Games There are many Java games out on the Web, but finding an entertaining game requires a careful search. 4 Games Programming with Java and Java 3D First some history: JDK 1.0 was released early in 1996, JDK 1.1 in early 1997, and Java 2 (JDK 1.2) at the end of 1998. Back then, there was a lot of hype promoting
g. style of fiction, scientific prose, newspapers, business correspondence, etc.). STYLISTICS Stylistics is the study of style. The very term "stylistics" came in more common use in English only some 45 years ago. Stylistics is a part of style; it studies principles of selecting and using different linguistic means (grammatical and phonetic) that serve to render shades of meaning. The Stylistics of language studies stylistic devices and expressive shades of linguistic units (words, construction of phrases). The Stylistics of speech studies individual texts viewing the way the message or content is expressed. Literary Stylistics concentrates on artistic expressiveness that characterizes a literary work, a writer, or a whole time period. Linguistic Stylistics studies linguistic facts from the point of view of their ability to convey extra shades of meaning (connotations we call them).
any medium-that is, of any extension of ourselves-result from the new scale that is introduced into our affairs by each extension of ourselves, or by any new technology. Thus, with automation, for example, the new patterns of human association tend to eliminate jobs, it is true. That is the negative result. Positively, automation creates roles for people, which is to say depth of involvement in their work and human association that our preceding mechanical technology had destroyed. Many people would be disposed to say that it was not the machine, but what one did with the machine, that was its meaning or message. In terms of the ways in which the machine altered our relations to one another and to ourselves, it mattered not in the least whether it turned out cornflakes or Cadillacs. The restructuring of human work and association was shaped by the technique of fragmentation that is the essence of machine technology
alternative, Sunbutter, especially in China, the United States, the Middle East and Europe. In Russia it is probably the most wide spread snack.[citation needed] It is also sold as food for birds and can be used directly in cooking and salads. Sunflower oil, extracted from the seeds, is used for cooking (but is less cardiohealthy than olive oil), as a carrier oil and to produce biodiesel, for which it is less expensive than the olive product. During the 18th Century, the use of sunflower oil became very popular in Europe, particularly with members of the Russian Orthodox Church because sunflower oil was one of the few oils that was not prohibited during Lent. The cake remaining after the seeds have been processed for oil is used as a livestock feed. Some recently developed cultivars have drooping heads. These cultivars are less attractive to gardeners growing the flowers as ornamental plants, but appeal to farmers,
the poor, or hostel for pilgrims. In ancient cultures, religion and medicine were linked. The earliest known institutions aiming to provide cure were Egyptian temples. Greek temples dedicatedto the healer-god, might admit the sick, who would wait for guidance from the god in a dream. The Romans adopted this worship. The Sri Lankans are perhaps responsible for introducing theconcept ofdedicated hospitals to the world. According to an ancient chronicle, written in the 6 th century A.D., a king had lying-in homes and hospitals built in various parts of the country. This is the earliest documentary evidencewe have of institutions built especially for the care of the sick anywhere in the world. Institutions created to care for the ill also appeared early in India, China, the Persian Empire and Rome. · Hospitals Today, hospitals are usually funded by the state, health organisationseither for profit or for
It is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland consists of over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides. Edinburgh, the country's capital and second largest city, is one of Europe's largest financial centres. It was the hub of the Scottish Enlightenment of the 18th century, which saw Scotland become one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Scotland's largest city is Glasgow, which was once one of the world's leading industrial metropolises, and now lies at the centre of the Greater Glasgow conurbation which dominates the Scottish Lowlands. Scottish waters consist of a large sector of the North Atlantic and the North Sea, containing the largest oil reserves in the European Union.
The making of a new nation. The Enlightenment in America. The emergence of the notion of the American Dream. The great Enlighteners: Crèvecoeur, Jefferson, Paine, Franklin. The American Enlightenment is the intellectual thriving period in the United States in the midtolate 18th century (17151789), especially as it relates to American Revolution on the one hand and the European Enlightenment on the other. Influenced by the scientific revolution of the 17th century and the humanist period during the Renaissance, the Enlightenment took scientific reasoning and applied it to human nature, society, and religion. American Enlightenment a gradual but powerful awakening that established the ideals of democracy, liberty, and religious tolerance in the people of America.
bores to the space around the exhaust valve seat and continues through the bores and water transitions to the exhaust valve and outlet pipe. Tightening between cylinder cover and cylinder liner is obtained by means of a sealing ring, made of mild steel. The cylinder cover is tightened against the top of the cylinder liner by means of studs fitted in the cylinder block. On top of the cylinder cover a steel ring is located incorporating a hydraulic tightening device. The hydraulic ring and the cylinder cover are provided with 4 threaded holes for eye bolts, by means of which either the ring or the cover with the ring can be lifted away. However, the ring is not usually to be separated from the cylinder cover. VOCABULARY exhaust valve väljalaskeklapp fuel valve pihusti spring housing vedrukorpus disc spring taldrikvedru starting valve käivitusklapp
The biggest problem was the issue of slaves and due to that the Civil War broke out in 1861. President Abraham Lincoln tried hard to unite the country again. Though both sides were strong, the North had more men, more factories and stronger leaders. In 1865 the South accepted the loss. Lincoln was shot in 1865 and the next president wasn't strong enough to unite the country, so problems weren't solved.During the 19th century many people went to live in the west. To people of today the West comes to us through fun cowboys who in reality were hard-working men. They disappeared when the government gave them land and from 1862 to 1900 they became farmers. The farms that in the beginning were lonely, were brought together by the railway built in 1869.In the 15th century there were about two million Indians in America but due to diseases brought by Europeans and
FGI 1081 Stilistika (Irina Ladusseva) Kab. 420 2 AP Ends with an exam; lasts only for 1 semester. At the exam you get 2 questions and an exercise (50 sentences: establish the device used, recognize it, and name it). Care about the pronunciation of the terms. Books: - I. Galperin "Stylistics" - I. Ladusseva "Rhythm and Text" - I. Ladusseva "Vocabulary and Style" - I. Ladusseva "Stylistic practice: Book I, Book II" - I
Another way to add power is to make a normal-sized engine more efficient. You can accomplish this by forcing more air into the combustion chamber. More air means more fuel can be added, and more fuel means a bigger explosion and greater horsepower. A turbo/supercharged engine produces more power overall than the same engine without the charging. Both superchargers and turbochargers do this. The difference between the two devices is their source of energy . TURBOCHARGER When people talk about race cars or high-performance sports cars, the topic of turbochargers usually comes up. Turbochargers also appear on large diesel engines. A turbo can significantly boost an engine's horsepower without significantly increasing its weight, which is the huge benefit that makes turbos so popular! . In fact, the term "turbocharger" is a shortened version of "turbo-supercharger," its official name.
4 kilometres per second, which is about Mach 7. In addition to military applications, railguns have been proposed to launch spacecrafts into orbit; however, unless the launching track was particularly long, and the acceleration required spread over a much longer time, such launches would be restricted to unmanned spacecraft. 1.1 History of railguns The earliest electromagnetic gun developed was the coil gun, the development of which reportedly started already in 1845. The first patent was awarded to a professor in Oslo when he accelerated a 500g projectile to 50ms. The first primitive railgun was created in 1918 when French inventor Louis Octave Fauchon'Villeplee created an electric cannon where two parallel busbars were connected by the wings of a projectile and the apparatus surrounded by a magnetic field.When current passes through the busbars and projectile, a force is created which propels the projectile along the busbars into air.
Introduction content is 75% of the weight of the muscle; however, can vary, particularly in postmor- Muscle cells are among the most highly orga- tem muscle (range of 65–80%). Within the nized cells in the animal body and perform a muscle, it is the primary component of extra- varied array of mechanical functions. They cellular fluid. Within the muscle cell, water are required for the movement of limbs, is the primary component of sarcoplasmic for locomotion and other gross movements, (cytoplasmic) fluid. It is important in thermo- and they must also perform finer tasks
and Java, and recipes from neighbouring colonial cultures such as Portuguese Mozambique. Indigenous cookery traditional South African cuisine In the precolonial period, indigenous cuisine was characterized by the use of a very wide range of fruits, nuts, bulbs, leaves and other products gathered from wild plants and by the hunting of wild game. The domestication of cattle in the region about two thousand years ago by Khoisan groups enabled the use of milk products and the availability of fresh meat. However, during the colonial period the seizure of communal land in South Africa restricted and discouraged traditional agriculture and wild harvesting, and reduced the extent of land available to black people. Decline of indigenous cookery Urbanization from the nineteenth century, coupled with close control over agricultural production, led black South Africans to rely more and more on comparatively
Misusing and Abusing the IoT - Now and in the Future The Internet of Things is the network of physical objects—devices, vehicles, buildings and other items which are embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity, which enables these objects to collect and exchange data [1]. As the amount of devices connected to the internet of things is constantly on the rise, making it innately more secure and protecting those devices from abuse, in a sense of unwanted access , manipulation by third parties and other scenarios, is rapidly turning into a pressing issue. According to some sources there were about 13.4 billion connected devices back in 2015 and the projections show there might be up to 38.5 billion such devices in 2020 [2]. As the number of devices increases, the necessity for a proper security mechanism concerning those devices becomes a priority in order to safely
wanted to defeat it. He could clearly see that Britain was a threat to his latest and greatest conquest - France. He invaded Britain twice, in 55 and 54 BC. The first invasion was unsuccessful - it gained a beachhead on the coast of Kent but achieved little else. The second was more successful, the Celts asked for truce. However it wasn't a victory he had imagined and Julius Caesar never returned to Britain after that. The island was left undisturbed for nearly a century. *The Roman occupation of Britain 43-410 and its legacy Britain was conquered by Emperor Claudius, the Roman rule in England lasted up to 410. The Romans left behind a huge legacy: many types of animals and plants were brought to Britain in Roman times. Roman introduced theire measurements, Christianity, reading and writing. Also, many words in English and Welsh have been borrowed from the Latin language. An important legacy of the Romans was its roads, agriculture and cities
Highest class was aristocracy (the Church and the nobility); the middle class/the bourgeoisie (shopkeepers, merchants, lawyers, businessmen etc.) was the biggest class; and the lowest class "the working class" and "the poor"; new change was the upward mobility people could become richer and move upward in social classes (to higher class); huge boost of the middle and working class; after industrial revolution there was still social division; late 18th century philosophers and writers started to question the social status of the nobility · What were the reasons behind upward mobility? New public schools for poorer people; S. Smile "Self Help"; questioning the social status of the nobility · Reasons behind the rise of literacy 1850 Libraries Act, the Sixpenny novels (people could by cheap books- T. Malory "Morte d'Arthur", W. Scott historical novels- most popular was "Ivanhoe"; new schools for middle class- public schools; not so
Britain in everyday life, the names are used to mean the United Kingdom. The English Channel (and best known: the Strait of Dover) separate Britain from mainland Europe and its closest neighboring country France. 3. History Great Britain has a long and interesting history stretching back millennia's. The Iberians brought their metal working skills and the first real civilization to Britain in the 3rd millennium B.C. And were then overrun by the various Celtic tribes that begun in the 8th century B.C. The Celts introduced the tribal organization and an early form of agriculture before they were forced westwards to Cornwall, where the Celtic language still exists in different forms, by the Roman invasion begun in 43. AD. The Romans ruled Britain for over two hundred years and left behind three things of importance: their roads, the sights of important cities notably London, and the seeds of Christianity.
13 Furthermore / Despite / As well as / Whereas 14 Consequently / However / Moreover / Because 15 In short / Alternatively / In addition to / Because 16 consequently / however / although / in spite of 17 moreover / therefore / however / alternatively 2 Join the following ideas using the connectives in brackets. a) You are requested to submit drawings for the project. We would be grateful if you informed us of the proposed commencement date. (furthermore) b) The ICN machine is complicated to operate. It breaks down frequently. (besides) c) Bid A quotes the lowest price. It does not meet the project specifications. (while) d) It was originally suggested that another offline machine should be hired. Online equipment would best meet the needs of the department. (however) e) The department should recruit another ten staff. The project could be contracted out. (alternatively) f) The fax machine is accurate, compact and soundless. The hire rate is extremely expensive
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