The Essay Writing Manual Brain Storming The process of writing the application essay can be broken into five very basic parts: Brainstorming Selecting the essay topic Writing the essay Revising the essay Coming up with the final draft 1. BRAINSTORMING: Brainstorming is the process of coming up with ideas spontaneously from free flowing writing or talking. To brainstorm, you can simply sit down with a pen and jot down every idea that comes into your head. Another approach is to simply start writing and see where you end up. Record as much information as you can recall, such as schools attended, courses taken, jobs held, research projects undertaken. Work on taking yourself deeper into the introspection process by tackling more specific topics. Here are some questions you might want to consider: What am I like? How do my friends characterize me? What are my personality traits?
Essay 200 (+/- 10%) words The text consists of 4-5 paragraphs discussing a specified topic. Usually the task contains points you have to discuss. Make sure they are all covered! Keep in mind! Formal language – no slang, so contracted forms, colloquialisms, try to avoid repetition of words. Indented lines! Clear paragraphs with one central idea. Avoid strong feelings 8everybody hates... it is absurd to believe...) and strong personal expressions Use generalization (children assume…), but do not use overgeneralizations (all children assume…) At least 2 linking words per paragraph (separate them from the rest of the sentence by commas!) that show the connection between paragraphs. Make references to other sources (Police officials believe that…) Give examples, not personal thoughts (expressive intake of alcohol can damage
OPINION ESSAY Opinion essays are formal in style. They require your opinion on a topic which must be clearly Introduction stated and supported by reasons. It is necessary Paragraph 1 to include the opposing viewpoint in another State the topic and your opinion paragraph. clearly A successful opinion essay should have: Main Body a) an introductory paragraph in which you Paragraph 2 state the topic and your opinion; Viewpoint 1 and reason b) a main body which consists of two or more Paragraph 3 * paragraphs. Each paragraph should present a Viewpoint 2 and reason separate viewpoint supported by your reasons. Another paragraph giving the Paragraph 4
evidence). Oluline on, et igas lõigusräägitakse ainult ühel teemal, ega hüpata ühelt argum endiltteisele. Viimane lõik moodustab kokkuvõtte ja peaks esimeseslauses võtma eelpoolt oodud arutluse kokku ning seejärel lisamasellest tuleneva lõpumärkuse. · Expressing opinions Introduction State the topic and your own opinion clearly without using too many personal opinion words Main body (para. 2 - 4) Give the first, second and third argument and examples or reasons to support your opinion Conclusion Re-state your opinion, using different words Useful language To list points firstly, in the first place, first of all, to start with, secondly, thirdly, finally, last but not least To add more points to the same topic what is more, furthermore, also, apart from this, in addition to, moreover, besides, too, not to mention the fact that, another major reason To introduce conflicting viewpoints a lot of people believe/think, many people are
HOW TO WRITE AN ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY An argumentative essay is a formal, impersonal piece of writing in which the writer is either expected to give a balanced consideration of a particular topic, or to state their own opinion clearly and then support it by giving reasons. An essay should begin with an introduction in which some background information is given about the problem that is going to be discussed. The angle from which the problem is going to be looked upon in the essay is also stated. In longer essays these are in different paragraphs, in shorter ones they can be in one paragraph. The body of the essay usually consists of several paragraphs, the number of which depends on the length of the essay. Each paragraph should begin with a topic sentence. The following sentences should enlarge on the theme, give examples, etc. If it is an essay discussing the advantages and disadvantages of something, the advantages should be
How to Write a Design Report Summary A design report is the written record of the project and generally is the only record that lives once the design team disbands at the end of the project. The report has three sections. The first section describes the problem that was being solved and provides the background to the design. The second section describes the design and the third section evaluates how well the design worked by comparing its performance to the design requirements. The report starts with a short executive summary that contains a synopsis of the three sections. The body of the report is relatively short. Appendices to the
FGI 1811 Proseminar (Irina Ladusseva) 2.0 AP Kab. 420 03.09.2002. Writing a term paper (this spring) and graduation paper. To get a pass: one written task (part of introduction, thesis statement) Term paper should be printed (20-25 pages long). Graduation paper should be printed (50-60 pages long). First write term paper, and choose a topic right now (theme of term paper later will be developed into graduation paper). Rights: we have a right to have a supervisor. Supervisor writes on the front page "Lubatud kaitsmisele". You need time to: 1. read the theory 2. collect material 3. regularity (1-2 hours a day deal with your paper)
placed earlier this week ... 4. ... thus, I recommend that you accept this advice on the matter. I am pure that the suggestion offered is the best solution. Please let me know if this was helpful. Yours sincerely, Lee Jones 5. ... I would appreciate a reply at your earliest convenience. I look forward to meeting you to discuss employment opportunities. Yours faithfully, Nicole Porter Paragraph Plan for Letters · salutation · Paragraph 1 reasons for writing · Paragraphs 2, 3 development · Final paragraph closing remarks · Name · Letters are divided into two categories, formal and informal. There are various types of formal and informal letters . · It is important to think about the person who you are writing to before you begin writing a letter. If the wrong style is used, the letter will look impolite, silly or odd.
filling in forms and preparing signs for the class. · Respond to the content of the work that your learners give you as well as correcting the errors they make, by adding your own comments to their homework or establishing a dialogue through e-mail and learner diaries. · Make writing easier and more fun by doing group writing activities and group correction and editing of work. · Support writing with reading. 2. the article: Planning a Writing Lesson Writing skills have to be taught. Teaching writing is not just about grammar or spelling etc. Learners need to be aware of and use the conventions of the genre in the new language. · What is genre? Pieces of writing of the same genre share some features, in terms of layout, level of formality, and language. These features are more fixed in formal
Paragraph 1 Reason for writing, name of the available position (+add the source, if available) I am writing to apply for the post advertised in... I am writing in response to your advertisement in... Paragraph 2, 3 What are you doing now, previous experience Qualifications (also personality traits, if necessary) NB! Relevant information I have graduated from... (with honors) My degree is in... I attended a.... course Final paragraph + closing sentence Closing remarks: thank the person for considering your application, ask the person to consider you for the job, mention the possibility of further communication. I have enclosed my CV... I am enclosing my curriculum vitae together with two references, I would be happy to provide any further information, if you wish me to attend an interview, I am available at any time, Thank you for considering my application. NB! I look forward to hearing from you. Sign-of
WRITING YOUR SCHOLARSHIP APPLICATION ESSAYS 1. Keep it simple · Don't use unnecessary words (i.e. don't use three words when one will do) · Don't include unnecessary information just to "fill the page" 2. Keep it neat · Type ALL your application materials (refer to the scholarship application form for specifics i.e.: double spacing, margins, font, etc. · SPELL CHECK your essay make sure words are used correctly (i.e.: two, to too, there their, they're, its it's, etc.) · Have someone else read your essay for clarity 3. Talk about your accomplishments · Be clear and to the point · Don't brag or over market yourself 4. State your need · What is your financial situation? Do you work? Do you receive support from your family? Do you receive financial aid? 5. Plan ahead · Don't procrastinate!
g. a traffic accident), describe them in chronological order. It should NOT be written like a letter! NO salutation/sign-off. Impersonal style (PASSIVE!), unless you make suggestions or give personal opinion – then you can use “I”. Formal language –no contractions, slang, etc. You can use the following format at the beginning of the report: To: From: (DO NOT write your own name. A member of the student committee etc. is fine) Subject: Basic structure 200 (+/- 10%) Introduction: Aim of the report Status of the writer (who you are – not your name – to write the report given in the task) Source of the information that the report is based on a survey, state when and by whom the survey was carried out. Body paragraphs: Each paragraph presents new facts that are supported by evidence. Present the facts in a logical, organized way. Use subheadings, if you prefer, to make it clearer. Group similar points under headings.
WRITING A FILM REVIEW A review is a short description of a film (found in a magazine or newspaper) in which someone gives both factual information and an opinion about the film. A review should consist of the following parts: * Introduction Was the film based on fact or is it pure fiction? What do you know about the background to the film? Give the title of the film and as much info on the background as you can (setting, type of story, main characters, name of the director and the leading actors). * Main body The main body of a review should consist of at least two paragraphs, the first giving the main points of the plot and the second giving general comments (i.e. the pros and cons) concerning the acting,
Word processing versus handwriting Technology has definitely changed the way I write, in both quality and quantity. For me writing is more of a chore than an enjoyable activity. To be honest, I hate writing; essays, and assignments, even long e-mails sometimes bother me. When I sit down with my laptop to write an essay I look at the word processing screen and all I see is how much I haven't written and how much I have left to write. The task in front of me becomes more daunting and frustrating. I feel like when I write on the computer my words are chosen to simply fill a page. Handwriting provides an escape from the looming word counts and page numbers. We discussed in class how writing by hand forces you to think out your sentences and chose your words more carefully. I agree
Louise Erdrich Love Medicine Assignment 1 (pages 142) 1. Define the following words and expressions (considering the context) and reproduce (in your own words) the situations in which they appear in the book: a beacon (2) (AmE) a fire or light set up in a high or prominent position as a warning, signal, or celebration, it appears as a metaphor to describe a white egg in her hand. Situation: June walked through the door and toward blue egg in the white hand of Andy, which she compares with a beacon in the murky air. a turtleneck (2) - Example
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document. If this stage of the production process is done properly all you really need are the language control techniques to connect your ideas logically and effectively. If you have a well documented list of techniques to connect your ideas effectively the writing process is less formidable. You will want to know how to join similarities, compare and contrast certain facts, introduce the next topic, offer a supporting idea, or refer to previously presented facts. You will also need to know how to present different shades of argument to produce logically a recommendation you wish to make. This requires an ability to emphasise certain facts and 'bury' others. However, all facts need to be linked to give a logical flow. This unit will give you language practice in this important aspect of producing written documents. Evaluation Exercise 1 Connectives
However, he has failed to reply to our letters (copies of these are attached) and whenever one of our representatives attempts to contact him, either personally or by telephone, he is always unavailable. In view of this, it is recommended that the contract with AMC should be examined and that the legal department should be asked what action can be taken against them. Discussion 1 You will probably notice quickly the first two changes that the secretary made. 1 Subject Heading By adding the word deterioration at the beginning of the subject heading, she made it a much more precise and accurate summary of the topic of the report. 2 Organization of Information The way the information in Text 1 was organized was not very logical: The writer told us about the inspections which were made by MCC mechanics before he told us why they were necessary. We therefore miss the point, which the secretary makes
Writing a formal letter in English An example of a task: You are trying to find accommodation for yourself in London while studying at a college there. You have the task of writing to Mr Sabir Siddique who has put the following advertisement in the newspaper. Read the advertisement and the notes you have made. Then write your letter to Mr. Siddique. Write a letter of 120 words. Do not write any addrsses. Flat to let Finsbury Park how far from central London? 10 minutes from Manor House tube Self-contained ground floor flat big enough for two? Bedroom, living room, study room Fully furnished what furniture? 90 pounds per week any extras to pay like electricity? Ideal for student 36 Stewart Street does it have a phone? available how soon? London N4 2PP 0181 809 7985
Describe the problem --Details about the event(place, time, guests, food ect) apply for admission (luba)to the --Closing remarks(Please let me know if you can come, course. i would appreciate a reply at Ask for help,advice i hope to see you)Hi!how are u? Are u doing anything your earliest Do u think i should..?Do u have any idea convenience(esimeselvõimalusel)..i about...?What do u advice? What can i do? this weekend?we have decided to do a party and we would love it if you could come. look forward to hearing from you. GIVING ADVICE: ACCEPTING(Thanks for the invitation to the For a job
recommendations. MAKE YOUR REPORT CLEAR AND SIMPLE. What style should I use? A report is based on facts and/ or data. Think carefully about the best way to present the facts. Be clear and avoid unnecessary detail. Give essential information and recommendations. A report is a formal piece of writing and it is impersonal (avoid using the pronoun " I "). Say what you have to say in as few words as possible. How should I structure a report? Every report, like an essay, should have the following parts: A. INTRODUCTION- state what you are going to write about. If the report is based on a survey, state when and by whom the survey was carried out. phrases to use The aim of this report is to ..... This report will examine/ consider/ compare.... This report is intended to ...... It is based on a survey which was conducted/ carried out.... B
1 SYNTACTIC STYLISTIC DEVICES SYNTACTIC STYLISTIC DEVICES are based on a peculiar place of the word or phrase in the utterance (text, sentence, etc).This special place creates emphasis irrespective of the lexical meaning of the words used. Categories: syntactic stylistic devises based on: SDD: based on ABSENCE OF LOGICALLY REQUIRED ELEMENTS OF SPEECH ELLIPSIS ELLIPSIS or ELLIPTICAL SENTENCES means leaving out one or both principle members of the sentence that is the subject or predicate. NT: Where is the man I'm going to marry? - Out in the garden. (no subject) What is he doing out there? - Annoying father. Here, in the dialogue, ellipsis creates the colloquial tone of the utterance
Performing the presentation Introducing yourself and your talk Greeting, name, position, opening formalities Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Good afternoon, everyone. Good morning. My name's (...). I'm the new Finance Manager. Good morning. Let me start by saying just a few words about my own background. I started out in... Welcome to Standard Electronics. I know I've met some of you, but just for the benefit of those I haven't, my name's (...). It's very nice to see you all here today. I'm very pleased to be here. I'm glad you could all make it. Thanks for inviting me. Thank you (all) for coming. Title/Subject I'd like to talk (to you) today about ... I'm going to present the recent ... explain our position on ...
STYLISTICS 1. Style, stylistics, a survey of stylistic studies The term ,,style" is polysemantic. Latin ,,stilus"--a writing instrument used by the ancients for writing on waxed tablets. Soon, the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. Jonathan Swift said: ,, Style is proper words in proper places" Present day--half a dozen meanings: · the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his ideas (Style of Byron) · the manner of expressing ideas characteristic of a literary movement or period (symbolism, romanticism) · the use of lg. typical of a literary genre (comedy, drama, novel) · the selective use of lg that depends on spheres of human activity. These
Philosophy of Language Philosophy of Language: a Contemporary Introduction introduces the student to the main issues and theories in twentieth and twenty-first-century phi- losophy of language, focusing specifically on linguistic phenomena. Topics are structured in four parts in the book. Part I, Reference and Referring, includes topics such as Russell's Theory of Descriptions, Donnellan's distinction, problems of anaphora, the description theory of proper names, Searle's cluster theory, and the causalhistorical theory. Part
the last great frontier, and the first—your mind! You are about to have a wonderful experience. MARK VICTOR HANSEN Author, Chicken Soup for the Soul ccc_tracy_fm_i-xviii.qxd 7/7/03 3:22 PM Page ix Contents Acknowledgments xi Introduction xiii Chapter 1 Change Your Thinking 1 Chapter 2 Change Your Life 18 Chapter 3 Dream Big Dreams 40 Chapter 4 Decide to Become Rich 52 Chapter 5 Take Charge of Your Life 77 Chapter 6 Commit to Excellence 90 Chapter 7 Put People First 118
e t o t h e n e w e r a o f b i g d a t a . P ii s Big a v data a l in t C o clou o l d I T opportu I 0 Academic essay (ITI0103) 2019 spring Introduction “Data is Everything and Everyone is Data. “[1] The ability to collect, organize, structure and analyse data on a large scale is probably the most significant trait that sets us, humans, apart from our primate friends. [1] To comprehend the opportunities and threats regarding big data located within the cloud, one must first realize the essence of them. Big data is not only what its name says, but it is also so much more. What is Big data?
What is expected of a graduate of the 21st century and how does the university play a role in contributing to a succesful outcome? Kaisa Kamenik In Mike Nichols 1967 cult film „The Graduate“, Dustin Hoffman character Benjamin Braddock, who has just graduated from college, is facing basically same questions as posed in the title of this essay. Everyone is asking what is he going to do with his life now, but he is very uncomfortable aswering them and at that point he doesn’t care as well. Being a third year history student in University of Tartu, I am wondering over the same questions and find myself often thinking what is expected of me after graduating and how has university played a role in my development for almost three years now. When asked what is the main purpose of university, most people would say that it is
For now, i have finished my high school studies, but my cookery qualification studies are still going on. These amazing years, what i have spent in a world of excellence in cookery are memorable. Probably the highlight for my studies was the opportunity what i found myself trough the Internet, during my 2 year studies. I had a rare chance to do my trainee period in well-known Jamie Oliver restaurant in London. That is Jamie´s first restaurant and also a place, where very many young students are trained to give them a better future. The period spent there is something what i would never change. Variety of cultures and thoughts, but one dream and a one team. What and inspiring place to be, to learn about food, cultures, different opinions on world, business and hospitality. Leaving from England was hard, for some reason a piece of
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY A century ago communication across any distance was dependent upon the telegraph or letters. No jets crossed the ocean, no television pictures enabled us instantly to see events in any part of the world, there were no worldwide telephone networks and no computers. It is just a short lifetime since humanity first travelled into space and discovered how fragile our planet looks. FROM FIREWORKS TO THE MOON At first glance you might think that there couldn't possibly be anything common between a 13 th century festival in China and the Apollo 11 moon landing in 1969. However, there is a link and that is that they both relied on the use of rockets. The Chinese first developed rockets by filling bamboo tubes with an explosive made from saltpetre, charcoal, and sulphur. The sealed tubes would be thrown onto fires during celebrations because it was thought that the loud explosions would protect them
tremendous health hazards associated with it. Plastic, fast food, packaging and cheap electronic wastes threaten the well being of humans. FIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO MANAGE WASTE. 5. Loss of Biodiversity: Human activity is leading to the extinction of species and habitats and loss of bio- diversity. Eco systems, which took millions of years to perfect, are in danger when any species population is decimating. Another example is the destruction of coral reefs in the various oceans, which support the rich marine life. FIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO HALT THE LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY 6. Deforestation: Our forests produce fresh oxygen and help in regulating temperature and rainfall. At present forests cover 30% of the land but every year tree cover is lost amounting to the country of Panama due to growing population demand for more food, shelter and cloth. Deforestation simply means clearing of green cover and making that land available for residential, industrial or commercial purpose.
· why you are suitable for the job · why you want the position · ask about the work · ask about the place, time and pay Contact: Jane Lake, 888, Bundoran, Ireland Write a letter using all the prompts above. Use the pen-name Mari/Mart Mets for yourself. Do not write any addresses. You should write 120 words. Write your answer on page one. 8 May 2010 Dear Ms Lake, I am writing in order to ask information about working in a summer camp in Ireland. I saw your advertisement in Yes! Student magazine. I am a 19 years old student from Estonian Art Academy and this job would be my second. For a year now I have been working as a babysitter for a family with two children (13-year- old boy and 5-year-old girl)
1. STYLE The term "style" is polysemantic (has many meanings): a Latin word "stilus" originally meant a writing instrument used by ancient people. Already in classical Latin the meaning was extended to denote the manner of expressing one's ideas in written or oral form. Jonathan Swift defined style as "proper words in proper places". In present day English the word "style" is used in about a dozen of principle meanings: 1. the characteristic manner in which a writer expresses his/her ideas (e.g. style of Byron) 2. the manner of expressing ideas, characteristic of a literary movement or period 3. the use of language typical of a literary genre (e.g. the style of a comedy, drama, novel). 4. the selective use of language that depends on spheres / areas of human activity (e.g
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