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ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS (1)

3 HALB
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS  Our environment is constantly changing. However, as our environment changes, so does the need to  become  increasingly  aware  of  the  problems  that  surround  it.  With  a  massive  influx  of  natural  disasters 
people  need  to  be  aware  of  what  types  of  environmental  problems  our  planet  is  facing.  Current 
environmental  problems  make  us  vulnerable  to  disasters  and  tragedies,  now  and  in  the  future.  Unless  we 
address  the  various  issues  seriously  we  are  surely  doomed  for  disaster.  Current  environmental  problems 
require urgent attention1. Pollution: Pollution of air, water and soil require millions of years to recoup. Industry and motor vehicle 
exhaust
  are  the  number  one  pollutants.  Heavy  metals,  nitrates  and  plastic  are  toxins  responsible  for 
pollution. While water pollution is caused by  oil spillacid rainurban runoff; air pollution is caused by 
various  gases  and  toxins  released  by  industries  and  factories  and  burning  of  fossil  fuels;  soil  pollution  is 
majorly caused by industrial waste that deprives soil from essential nutrientsFIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO STOP POLLUTION.  2. Global Warming: Climate changes like global warming is the result of human practices like emission 
of  Greenhouse  gases
.  Global  warming  leads  to  rising  temperatures  of  the  oceans  and  the  earth  surface 
causing  melting  of  polar  ice  caps,  rise  in  sea  levels  and  also  flash  floods,  excessive  snow  or 
desertificationFIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO STOP GLOBAL WARMING.  3.  Overpopulation:  The  population  of  the  planet  is  reaching  unsustainable  levels  as  it  faces  shortage  of 
resources  like  water,  fuel  and  food.  Population  explosion  in  less  developed  and  developing  countries  is 
straining  the  already  scarce  resources.  Intensive  agriculture  practiced  to  produce  food,  damages  the 
environment through use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.   FIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO STOP OVERPOPULATION.  4. Waste Disposal: The over consumption of resources and creation of plastics are creating a global crisis 
of  waste  disposal.  Developed  countries  are  notorious  for  producing  an  excessive  amount  of  waste  or 
garbage and dumping their waste in the oceans and, less developed countries. Nuclear waste disposal has 
tremendous  health  hazards  associated  with  it.  Plastic,  fast  food,  packaging  and  cheap  electronic  wastes 
threaten the well being of humans.   FIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO MANAGE WASTE.  5. Loss of Biodiversity: Human activity is leading to the extinction of species and habitats and loss of bio-
diversity. Eco systems, which took millions of years to perfect, are in danger when any species population is 
decimating. Another example is the destruction of coral reefs in the various oceans, which support the rich 
marine lifeFIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO HALT THE LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY   6.  Deforestation:  Our  forests  produce  fresh  oxygen  and  help  in  regulating  temperature  and  rainfall.  At 
present forests cover 30% of the land but every year tree cover is lost amounting to the country of Panama 
due to growing population demand for more food, shelter and cloth. Deforestation simply means clearing 
of green cover 
and making that land available for residential, industrial or commercial purpose.  FIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO STOP DEFORESTATION.   7. Ocean Acidification: It is a direct impact of excessive production of CO2. 25% of CO2 produced by 
humans. The ocean acidity has increased by the last 250 years but by 2100, it may  shoot up by 150%. The 
main impact is on shellfish and plankton.  


Acid Rain: Acid rain occurs due to the presence of certain pollutants in the atmosphere. Acid rain can be 
caused  due  to  burning  of  fossil  fuels  or  erupting  volcanoes  or  rotting  vegetation  which  release sulphur 
dioxide  and  nitrogen  oxides  into  the  atmosphere.  Acid  rain  is  a  known environmental  problem  that  can 
have serious effect on human health, wildlife and aquatic speciesFIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO REDUCE OCEAN ACIDIFICATION AND 5 WAYS THAT WOULD 
HELP TO PREVENT ACID RAIN POLLUTION.
  8. Water Pollution: Clean drinking water is becoming a rare commodity. Water is becoming an economic 
and political issue as the human population fights for this resource. One of the options suggested is using 
the  process  of  desalinization.  Industrial  development  is  filling  our  rivers,  seas  and  oceans  with  toxic 
pollutants which are a major threat to human health.  FIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO REDUCE WATER POLLUTION.  9. Urban Sprawl:  Urban sprawl  refers to  migration of population  from  high density urban areas  to  low 
density rural areas which results in spreading of city over more and more rural land. Urban sprawl results 
in land degradation, increased traffic, environmental issues and health issues.   FIND OUT 5 WAYS HOW TO FIX URBAN SPRAWL.  10. Genetic Engineering: Genetic modification of food using biotechnology is called genetic engineering
Genetic  modification of food  results  in increased toxins  and diseases  as  genes  from an allergic plant can 
transfer  to  target  plant.  Genetically  modified  crops  can  cause  serious  environmental  problems  as  an 
engineered  gene  may  prove  toxic  to  wildlife.  Another  drawback  is  that  increased  use  of  toxins  to  make 
insect resistant plant can cause resultant organisms to become resistant to antibiotics.  FIND OUT 5 REASONS TO AVOID GM FOOD.  If humans continue moving forward in such a harmful way towards the future, then there will be no  future to consider. Although it’s true that we cannot physically stop our ozone layer from thinning there are 
still so  many things  we  can do. Sustainability is the key to  prevent  or  reduce the  effect  of  environmental 
issues.  There  is  now  clear  scientific  evidence  that  humanity  is  living  unsustainably,  and  that  an 
unprecedented  collective  effort  is  needed  to  return  human  use  of  natural  resources  to  within  sustainable 
limits. For humans to live sustainably, the Earth's natural resources must be used at a rate at which they can 
be replenished.  Concerns  for  the  environment  have  prompted  the  formation  of  green  parties,  political  parties  that  seek to address environmental issues. Initially these were formed in Australia, New Zealand and Germany 
but are now present in many other countries. By raising awareness about these issues, we can help contribute 
to a more environmentally conscious and friendly place for us to live.    ADDITIONAL TASKS  1.  Translate the italicized prepositional expressions and bold words in the text. Make sure that your  translation is appropriate!  2.  Make derivations from the following words, using prefixes and suffixes and translate each word:  DERIVE, POLLUTE, CONSUME, DESTROY, CREATE.  3.  Bring out some facts about the Estonian Green Party.        


PLASTIC POLLUTION  As  the  world’s  population  continues  to  grow,  so  does  the  amount  of  garbage  that  people  produce.  On-the-go  lifestyles  require  easily  disposable  products,  such  as  soda  cans  or  bottles  of  water,  but  the 
accumulation  of  these  products  has  led  to  increasing  amounts  of  plastic  pollution  around  the  world.  As 
plastic is composed of major toxic pollutants, it has the potential to cause great harm to the environment in 
the form of air, water and land pollution. If overfishing continues, if pollution continues, many of the species 
of today will disappear off.  Put  simply,  plastic  pollution  is  when  plastic  has  gathered  in  an  area  and  has  begun  to  negatively  impact the natural environment and create problems for plants, wildlife and even human population. Often 
this includes killing plant life and posing dangers to local animals. Plastic is an incredibly useful material, 
but it is also made from toxic compounds known to cause illness, and because it is meant for durability, it is 
not biodegradable.   Plastic  pollution  does  a  lot  of  damage  to  the  world’s  ecosystems.  Some  of  the  major  long-term  effects of plastic pollution are:   1.  It upsets the food chain because it comes in sizes large and small, polluting plastics even affects the  world’s tiniest organisms such as plankton. When these organisms become poisoned due to  plastic 
ingestion
, this causes problems for the larger animals that depend on them for food. This can cause a 
lot of problems, each step further along the food chain. Plus, it means that plastic are present in the 
fish that many people eat every day.  2.  Groundwater  pollution,  as  the  world’s  water  is  in  great  danger  because  of  leaking  plastics  and  waste.  If  you’ve  ever  seen  a  garbage  dump,  imagine  what  happens  every  time  it  rains  and  then 
imagine  that  being  in  your  drinking  water.  Groundwater  and  reservoirs  are  susceptible  to  leaking 
environmental toxins.  4.  Land pollution kills animals.  Despite countless TV ads over the years showing ducks or dolphins  trapped in six-ring plastic can holders, these items are still used and discarded en masse each day.   5.  It  is  poisonous  as  plastic  is  artificially  made  by  using  a  number  of  toxic  chemicals.  Therefore,  plastics has been linked to a number of health concerns affecting people around the world.   6.  It is expensive because it costs millions of dollars each year to clean affected areas, not to mention  the loss of life to plants, animals, and people. As land becomes more valuable, just finding a place to 
put garbage is becoming a problem in many parts of the world.  Plastic  is  everywhere,  even  on  those  items  you  may  not  expect  it  to  be.  Milk  cartons  are  lined  with  plastic, water bottles are handed out everywhere, drink cups are lined with plastic for insulation and some 
products  may  even  contain  tiny  plastic  beads.  Every  time  one  of  these  items  gets  thrown  away  or  washed 
down a sink, the toxic pollutants have more of a chance to enter the environment and do harm. Besides, as 
plastic is less expensive, it is one of the most widely available and overused item in the world today. When 
disposed, it does not decompose easily (if ever), and pollutes the land or air nearby when burned in the open 
air.  Even  recycling  doesn’t  cut  down  on  plastic,  as  it  essentially  uses  the  existing  plastic,  albeit  in  a  new 
form.   What are the solutions to plastic pollution?  1.  Shop  friendly  -  plastic  bags  were  once  a  modern  convenience  but  can  be  efficiently  replaced  by  reusable cloth bags. Also, try to avoid bringing plastic bags at home and purchasing items with too 
much of packaging. Use metal or glass reusable bottles.  2.  Get rid of bottled water - many companies now sell reusable water bottles as a substitute.  3.  Forget plastic food containers and replace them by reusable containers. Bring your to-go mug with  you to the coffee shop  6.  Recycle  everything  -  check  everything  before  you  put  it  in  the  trash,  as  more  and  more  items  are  able to be recycled these days.    (Bernard Marcus http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-solutions-of-plastic-pollution.php) 


TASKS  1.  Translate the italicized prepositional expressions and bold words in the text. Make sure that your translation  is appropriate!  2.  Find out 10 preposterous facts about plastic pollution.  
3.  And now, based on the above, write an essay trying to find solutions to the problem. Will you follow the  essay rules described below.   
How can we make our planet a safer place for animals? 
  Probleemile lahendusi pakkuv essee peaks algama sissejuhatusega, kus esitatakse probleem ja seda  põhjustavad tegurid.   Essee peaks koosnema umbes kolmest paragrahvist. Iga paragrahv peaks sisaldama ühe soovituse ja  sellest tulenevaid tagajärgi. Iga soovitus tuleb esitada  eraldi paragrahvina.    Lõppsõna peaks lühidalt kokku võtma kõik selle, mida eelnevalt käsitleti.  
Essee eeldab ametlikku stiili, seega lühendvorme ja slängi kasutada ei tohi.  
Essees võiks kasutada järgmisi sõnu ja väljendeid: 
  Et jagada soovitusi: 
It would help if/be a good idea if … 
A/Another useful suggestion would be to … 
The situation could be improved if/by … 
Steps/Measures should be taken in order to solve/deal with … 
 
Et esitada resultaate ja tagajärgi: 
In this way …; This would …; Then…; if …, the result  would be …; The effect/consequence/result … 
would be … . 
 
Lõpetuseks: 
In conclusion/Finally/To sum up/All things considered 
  4.  The 3 Rs in education are Reading, wRiting, aRithmetic. In our everyday life: Reduce, Reuse,  Recycle. Using the Internet, find definitions to these notions and draw 5 examples how to 
implement these practices.   
Reduce  Reuse  Recycle                                        Let’s Do It!   In 2007, a group of people noticed that many of Estonia’s beautiful, native forests were being used  as dumping grounds for every kind of garbage imaginable. Soon after, we came up with an ambitious 
plan to change not just the physical landscape, but the very idea that it is okay to dump garbage at all. To 
make our point
, we came up with the idea to clean up our entire country… in just one day! We realized 
right away that we were going to need help, and a very detailed plan. We gathered passionate people, 
quickly growing to 620 volunteers and partnering with 500 Estonian organizations. Then, we set about 
to  understand  the  scale  of  the  illegal  waste  around  the  country.  Using  technology,  and  many  of  our 
volunteers, we located and mapped the illegal trash sites to get a better understanding of where to focus 
our efforts
 on the big day. 


On the 3rd of May, 2008, over 50,000 people  4% of the Estonian population  stepped up together  to clean  up  10,000  tons  of  waste.  Under  normal  circumstances,  it  would  have  taken  the  Estonian 
government three years and 22.5 million Euros to clean up the same amount of illegal garbage. We did it 
for 500,000 Euros and it took only 5 hours.  Country  by  country  this  idea  started  to  spread.  Active  people  in  many  countries  have  joined  to  clean  up  their  countries  in  one  day.  In  Latvia  (210,000),  Lithuania  (250,000),  Portugal  (100,000), 
Slovenia  (270,000),  Romania  (250,000),  Albania  (147,000),  Hungary  (200,000),  Bulgaria  (375,000), 
Ukraine  (500,000),  India (54,000),  the  Philippines (28,000) and in  many  other countries massive  Let’s 
Do It! cleanups for a clean planet have been taking place. With more than 100 countries on board we 
have set ourselves a new challenge – to join the world for a massive cleanup day in 2018.  On  September  15,  2018,  World  Cleanup  Day,  people  in  150  countries  will  stand  up  against  the  global trash problem and clean up waste, making it the biggest positive civic action the world has seen. 
Imagine a powerful “green wave” starting in Japan and ending in Hawaii with  hundreds of millions of 
people taking positive action together on the very same day.  Let’s  Do  It!  has  never  been  only  about  cleaning  up  waste.  We  also  aim  to  unite  the  global  community,  raise  awareness  and  implement  true  change  to  achieve  our  final  goal  –  a  clean  and 
healthy planet.    5.  Translate  the  italicized  prepositional  expressions  and  bold  words  in  the  text.  Make  sure  that  your  translation is appropriate!  6.  Write a Letter of Enquiry.   You  read  the  above  article  about  the  Estonia’s  campaign  Let’s  do  it!.  You  became  very  much 
interested in it and would like to participate next year in Estonia,  although you are not the Estonian 
citizen. Write a letter to the co-ordinator and ask him/her about the possibilities to participate, if you 
need  a  visa,  when  exactly  it  is  going  to  take  place,  if  the  equipment  is  provided,  if  there  is 
accommodation nearby.  
Remember!  Alates 2013.aastast peab kiri koosnema 120 sõnast. Lubatud on kirjutada 10% sõnu vähem. Sõnade  ülemist piiri pole, kuid mida rohkem kirjutad, seda suurem on võimalus eksida.  
  Kiri  peab  olema  kirjutatud  ametlikus  stiilis,  keelatud  on  lühendid  (don’t,  hasn’t)  ja  samuti  slängisõnad. 
  Kirja on võimalik vormistada kahel viisil, kas kasutades taandridu või plokkida: (sel juhul on lõikude  vahel taandrida). Paremale üles kuupäev (viimastel eksamitel ei paluta enam aadressi kirjutada) ja selle 
alla vasemale pöördumine. Kui nimi teada, Dear Mr/Ms Brown, kui ei, siis Dear Sir/Madam. Lühendite 
taga  punkte  pole
,  kui  paned  pöördumise  lõppu  koma,  peab  koma  olema  ka  Yours  faithfully/Yours 
sincerely  taga  kirja  lõpus,  kui  pöördumise  taga  koma  ei  ole,  pole  ka  lõpus  koma.  Kiri  tuleb  lõpetada 
Yours faithfully kui sa ei tunne inimest nimepidi (s.t. alustad kirja Dear Sir/Madam), Yours sincerely kui 
tunneme (s.t. alustame kirja Dear Mr Brown).  
  Vali kirjutamisstiil (plokkimine või taandread) ja kirjuta kiri, jagades see paari- kolme lõigu vahel.     Kõiki ülesandes küsitud punkte PEAB käsitlema! Muidu kaotad punkte. Kiri peaks koosnema  järgmistest osadest:  Opening greeting 
Reason for writing  
Questions asking for specific information  
 Request for extra information 
Closing: request for a quick answer 
Closing: greeting and signature 
  Alljärgnevalt näidiskiri.  


  Dear Sir/Madam  I am writing to enquire about your summer courses which I saw advertised in ‘English Today’.  I  recently  took  the  FCE  exam  and  I  am  now  studying  for  CAE.  Please  could  you  tell  me  if  you  have 
advanced  courses  available?  What  dates  do  the  courses  start  and  how  much  is  the  cost?  I  will  be  coming 
from Vietnam. I would like to know what kind of visa I should apply for. I would also like to know more 
about the accommodation. Are single rooms available? Are meals included in the cost of a course? I would 
be grateful if
 you could send me more information about your school and the surrounding area.  I look forward to hearing from you.  Yours sincerely  Useful language:    Could you tell me …/ Could you let me know … 
  I am interested in finding out … 
  I would appreciate if you could let me know … 
  I would like to know … 
  I would be grateful if you could tell me …  ÄRGE UNUSTAGE, ET SELLISTE VÄLJENDITEGA LAUSET ALUSTADES MOODUSTATE TE 
KAUDSE KÜSIMUSE JA SELLISES KÜSIMUSES PEAB SÕNADE JÄRJEKORD OLEMA JAATAV! 
 
(vaata lähemalt Moodle, Inglise keele grammatika täiskursus, Asking questions and making sentences 
negative, Indirect questions).  7.  …   


8.       
 
 
 
 


   
 
 
 
 
 


9.  Read the following text and do the two exercises below.  The Great Wildebeest Trek  Far to the South, where Gol Kopjes rose like ruined castles from the short-grass plains of the 
Serengeti, a female wildebeest (A) chomped methodically at the close-knit (B) turf. Only her 
hindquarters, deeply scarred where a lioness had once almost succeeded in clawing her down, 
distinguished her from her companions, a harem of perhaps two dozen wildebeest cows, many of 
them accompanied by their calves, gathered together under the watchful eyes of a mature breeding 
bull. It was a pattern which repeated itself across the plains in every direction as far as the eye could 
see. 
Every year the wildebeest nations of the Serengeti congregated here towards the year’s end, and 
the scarred female had come with them. Mated the previous May, she had returned to give birth 
to her calf in the south-eastern corner of the park. The soils which carpeted the floor of the shortgrass 
plains had been laid down in prehistoric times and were quite different from the black cotton 
clays of the Mara. (C) Eruptions of ash spewed out by the long-dead volcanoes of Ngorongoro had 
enriched the earth with calcium and phosphorus, minerals essential for healthy bone growth in the 
new-born calves, and if anywhere could be described as the true home of the restless wildebeest, it 
was here on these ancestral calving grounds. 
For nearly two decades the Serengeti wildebeest had been enjoying an (D) unprecedented 
population explosion. Twenty years ago, there had been perhaps 250,000. Now there were nearly 
two million, and together with a million gazelles and quarter of a million zebra, they formed the 
greatest concentration of wild animals left on earth. 
Nevertheless, of the half million calves now scattered across the plains; fewer than one in three 
would survive to adulthood. Many would simply lose their mothers in densely packed sea of animals, 
and fall easy (E) prey to predators. Often a new-born calf would become separated from its 
mother before it had learned to recognise her. Then the infant would attach itself to anything that 
moved, sometimes even (F) tottering hopefully towards a waiting lion. 
When the great migration began, many more youngsters would be swept away and drowned during 
the massed river crossings, dragged down by crocodiles or trampled beneath the (G) frantic press 
of bodies from which others would emerge (H) hobbling on broken limbs to await the inevitable 
hyenas. And always there were the ravenous hunters; the packs of brindled wild dogs whose sudden 
appearance, (I) loping over the dawn horizons, threw the herds into headlong panic; the rangy 
cheetahs with their devastating (J) stride; and the ever-watchful prides of lions through whose 
territories the wildebeest would have to pass. 
Immediately after the rains the Serengeti pasture was so prolific that a single acre might produce 
eighteen tons of protein-rich (K) fodder. But by the end of April the (L) verdant plains had already 
begun to revert to a yellowing (M) stubble. Soon the time would come when they would no longer 
be able to sustain the herds; and then, as if in obedience to some inaudible command, the migration 
would begin. The zebra and wildebeest would stream out of the short-grass country, heading for the 
taller grasses and open woodlands of the Western Corridor.    Read the questions below. Give short answers using up to five words.  An example (0) has been done for you.      • Which animal is the article about?  (0) _____ wildebeest__________________________________________________________________________________________  • How is it possible to distinguish the female wildebeest in the text from other cows? 


__________________________________________________________________________________________________________  • What is the origin of the soils?  __________________________________________________________________________________________________________  • What do the soils in this part of the Serengeti contain?  __________________________________________________________________________________________________________  • How is the soil useful for calves?  __________________________________________________________________________________________________________  • Which animal species are among the three most numerous in the world today?  __________________________________________________________________________________________________________  • How many calves grow up to be mature?  __________________________________________________________________________________________________________  • Which five predators threaten wildebeest?  __________________________________________________________________________________________________________  • What happens to the plains in April?  __________________________________________________________________________________________________________    Match the definitions and the words in bold in the text. There are 4 more words than you need.  Write the letter of the correct word in the box next to its definition.  An example (0) has been done for you.  E   n an animal that is hunted and killed for food by another animal  adj covered with healthy green plants or grass  v to chew or bite food noisily  n a long step when walking  adj almost out of control because of extreme emotion, such as anxiety  v to walk or move unsteadily from side to side as if you are going to fall over  n the short stems left after a crop has been cut  adj never having happened or existed in the past  n the surface layer of land on which grass is growing 


10. Describe, compare and contrast the following pictures.    Selles ülesandes tuleb teil kirjeldada, võrrelda ja kõrvutada/vastandada kahte pilti. Teil tuleb rääkida  nendest piltidest 2 minutit. Enne rääkima asumist on teil 1 minut ettevalmistuseks, kuid te ei tohi märkmeid.   Antud ülesanne koosneb neljast osast. Proovi jaotada aega nii, et jõuaksid käsitleda 2 minuti jooksul  kõiki osasid. Teil tuleb: 
 
1) kirjeldada, keda või mida te piltidel näete  
2) võrrelda kahte fotot (s.t. te peate ütlema, mis on nendel piltidel sarnast)  
3) vastandada neid pilte (ütlema, mille poolest need pildid erinevad)  
4) vastama piltide all olevale küsimusele.  
  Kirjeldamisel võid kasutada järgnevaid väljendeid:      These two photos/pictures are black-and-white/coloured photos.    The first photo/picture shows ... the other photo/picture shows... 
  In the photo/the picture on the left..... in the photo/the picture on the right.....     In the foreground/background you can see/there is...  
  In the middle/centre there is/are ...    At the top/At the bottom there is/are ...    On the left/right there is/are ...    Behind/In front of... you can see ...    Between... there is ...    
Kui sa räägid inimeste tegemistest pildil, kasuta present progressive (kestev olevik) ajavormi: 
 
The woman is watching TV, the man is listening to the radio. 
  Räägime sarnasustest:    The most striking/obvious similarity is that ...... 
Is similar to    The first picture is similar to the other.  Both      Both pictures are about being a parent.  Similarly 
In the same way 
Likewise 
  Räägime erinevustest:    The main/greatest/most important/most significant difference between the pictures is that...... 
In the first picture, ..... whereas/while/but in the second one ..... 
On one hand ..... on the other hand...(ühelt poolt, teiselt poolt) 
Neither picture (mitte kumbki piltidest) 
In contrast 
Unlike 
While 
  Vasta piltide all olevale küsimusele    I think ….. 
 
   
 
 
 


Describe, compare and contrast the pictures.   
        What are the benefits of living in such environments?   
 
  Ülesande teises pooles tuleb vastata küsimustele. Eksamil õpilane neid küsimusi ei näe.        
NB!  Viimane küsimus antud ülesandes eeldab vastamist kaudse küsimusega.  
 
Vaata Inglise keele grammatika kursust, küsimuste moodustamine, Indirect questions.  
Vasakule Paremale
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS #1 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS #2 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS #3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS #4 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS #5 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS #6 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS #7 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS #8 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS #9 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS #10 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS #11 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS #12
Punktid 100 punkti Autor soovib selle materjali allalaadimise eest saada 100 punkti.
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nnetu: Hindest "viis" on töö küll väga kaugel. Üle poole tööst on tegemata.
20:36 11-01-2021



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