The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is an annual(iga aastane) plant in the family Asteraceae, with a large flower head (inflorescence(õiekobar, õisik, õitseaeg, õidumine)). The stem(tüvi) of the flower can grow up to 3 metres tall, with the flower head reaching 30 cm in diameter. The term "sunflower" is also used to refer(nimetama, viitama, üle andma) to all plants of the genus(perekond, sugu) Helianthus, many of which are perennial(alaline, aastaringne) plants. What is usually called the flower is actually a head (formally(ametlikult) composite(liit-,
2013): 1. Bacteria a) Heterotrophic bacteria, eg. symbiotic and non - symbiotic N2 fixers, ammonifier, cellulose decomposers, denitrifiers b) Autrotrophic bacteria, eg. nitrosomonas, nitrobacter, sulphur oxidizers, etc; 2. Fungus; 3. Viruses 4. Actinomycetes and stretomyces; 5. Algae eg. BGA, yellow gree algae, golden brown algae. The soil microflora largely depends on the type of soil, temperature, moisture, plant growth, nutrients, pH, and many other factors which may vary between locations but also within a single plot and over very small distances (OECD, 2007). Nevertheless of the quantity of microflora, biomass of all microorganisms living in soil play an important role in the functioning of entire soil ecosystems because their enormous biochemical activity (Barabasz et al. 2002). Soil microflora cycles carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur, plays a role in soil structure
[A very low] does not. max 3 [3] 6. (a) (i) award both marks for correct answer 10 000 / 800 000 (× 100); 1.25 / 1.3 / 1(%); 2 (ii) R any reference to energy / light missing the plant reflected (off plant) / only certain wavelengths of light can be, absorbed / used; ora absorbed by / hits, non-photosynthetic parts; e.g. bark passes through leaf / misses chlorophyll / misses chloroplasts; some is heat that is used in evaporation / respiration; max 2 (iii) bacteria / named bacterium decomposer; (Nitrobacter, Nitrosomonas) 1
When water saturates the upper surface, bogs and ponds may form, providing moisture for plants, and breeding thousands of insects that attract many migrating birds. Animals are adapted to handle cold winters and to breed and raise young quickly in the very short and cool summers. Some animals have grown thick fur that turns white in the winter. Others find a place to hibernate during the winter months. Many plants have dark red leaves that allow the plant to absorb more heat from the sun in the cold tundra climate. All of the plants are adapted to sweeping winds and disturbances of the soil. Many plants grow in a low, tight clump - this growth habit helps protect them from the cold and snow. They can carry out photosynthesis at low temperatures and low light intensities. The growing season is short and most plants reproduce by budding and division rather than sexually by flowering. There are no
Temperate Grasslands: Calcification is the dominant soil-forming process in semiarid regions. When this process works on a loess that itself is rich in calcium, the world's most fertile soils are created, the chernozems (A Russian term meaning black soil). Taiga: The low temperatures inhibit bacterial and fungal action, so the decomposition rate is low and the leaf litter relatively deep.The soil in the taiga is thin, acidic and not very nutrient rich. It also is rocky. 6. What is permafrost? In geology, permafrost, cryotic soil or permafrost soil is soil at or below the freezing point of water (0 °C or 32 °F) for two or more years. Ice is not always present, as may be in the case of nonporous bedrock, but it frequently occurs and it may be in amounts exceeding the potential hydraulic saturation of the ground material. 7. What is gully? A gully is a landform created by running water, eroding sharply into soil, typically on a hillside
D i ox i n s a n d f u r a n s i n t h e atmosphere. Their impact on humans and nature. Emission sources What are dioxines and furans? The term Dioxin is commonly used to refer to a family of toxic chemicals that all share a similar chemical structure and a common mechanism of toxic action. Most dioxins and furans are not manmade or produced intentionally, but are created when other chemicals or products are made. This family includes: seven of the polychlorinated dibenzo dioxins (PCDDs), ten of the polychlorinated dibenzo furans (PCDFs) and twelve of the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
.......... 6 2.4 Commercial Energy Use...............................................................................................9 2.5 Industrial and Manufacturing Energy Use..................................................................11 2.6 Transportation Energy Use.........................................................................................12 RENEWABLE ENERGY..................................................................................................14 3.1 What Role Does Renewable Energy Play in the United States?................................ 14 3.2 Why Don't We Use More Renewable Energy?..........................................................15 NONRENEWABLE ENERGY.........................................................................................16 SIGNFICANT EVENTS IN THE HISTORY OF ENERGY BY FUEL.......................16 5.1 Signficant Events in the History of Energy Uses....................................................... 18
In all cases, absorption appears to be limited to cell layers immediately adjacent to the point of contact. Entry of formaldehyde into the blood (i.e., systemic absorption) occurs to a very limited extent, if at all. ENVIRONMENTAL FATE In reviewing the fate of formaldehyde in the environment, it should be noted that the environmental factors that influence the bioavailability to humans of formaldehyde from contaminated air, water, or plant material have not been studied. Air Formaldehyde is removed from the atmosphere by direct photolysis and oxidation by photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals. Formaldehyde absorbs ultraviolet (UV) radiation at wavelengths of 360 nm and longer; therefore, it is capable of photolyzing in sunlight. A half-life of 6 hours has been measured for photolysis in simulated sunlight. There are two photolytic pathways, one producing H2 and CO, and the other producing H and HCO radicals
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