Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens was the foremost English novelist of the Victorian era, as well as a vigorous social campaigner. Considered one of the English language's greatest writers, he was acclaimed for his rich storytelling and memorable characters, and achieved massive worldwide popularity in his lifetime. Charles Dickens was born in Landport, Portsmouth in Hampshire, the second of eight children to John Dickens n 7 February 1812. The 12-year-old Dickens began working ten hour days in a Warren's boot-blacking factory. In May 1827, Dickens began work in the office of Ellis and Blackmore as a law clerk. At the age
the English up to his own day Old English Cædmon ,,The Father of English Hymn" Cædmon's Hymn is the oldest recorded Old English poem, and also one of the oldest surviving samples of Germanic alliterative verse The Hymn itself was composed between 658 and 680, recorded in the earlier part of the 8th century Middle English Geoffrey Chaucer 13431400 Known as the ,,Father of English literature", the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages An author, philosopher, alchemist and astronomer, diplomat Wrote The Book of the Duchess, the House of Fame, the Legend of Good Women and Troilus and Criseyde Best known today for "The Canterbury Tales" Crucial figure in developing the legitimacy of the vernacular, Middle English, at a time when the dominant literary languages in England were French Modern English William Shakespeare 26 April 1564 23 April 1616 The Elizabethan Era
English literature is one of the oldest literatures in Europe; dates back to the 6th century AD. Oral literature, i.e. not written down, spread from person to person. In 449 AD Anglo-‐Saxon tribes invaded England – beginning of the Anglo-‐Saxon period in English literature. The first form of literature was folklore, carried by scops and gleemen, who sang in alliterative verse (a kind of simple poetry). Prose developed much later. The first form of recorded English literature was the epic Beowulf, which was produced sometime near the end of the 7th and beginning �
More often, however, Kantemir indirectly praised Peter's influence through his satiric criticism of Russia's "superficiality and obscurantism," which he saw as manifestations of the backwardness Peter attempted to correct through his reforms. Kantemir honored this tradition of reform not only through his support for Peter, but by initiating a decade-long debate on the proper syllabic versification using the Russian language. Vasily Kirillovich Trediakovsky, a poet, playwright, essayist, translator and contemporary to Antiokh Kantemir, also found himself deeply entrenched in Enlightenment conventions in his work with the Russian Academy of Sciences and his groundbreaking translations of French and classical works to the Russian language. A turning point in the course of Russian literature, his translation of Paul Tallemant's work Voyage to the Isle of Love, was the first to use the Russian vernacular as opposed the formal and outdated Church-Slavonic
Didn't knew yet how to build warm houses. Local indians teached to use a plant that saved their life, maize. How to grow it. Got a good crop. In order to thank indians they organized a event thanksgiving. Started with the first settelers. Traditional dish turkey. Indians brought along wild turkey. Traditional sauce was cranberry. James VII died it finished Tudor dynasty. A new king comes. In 15th and 16th century England entered period of capitalism. Wool made england rich english understood that it's much more useful to make up smll factories to produce wool. Needed more sheep, more pastures for them. Took way common lands, surrounded them with fences. This process is called the enclosure (tarastamine). Peasants lost grass land, couldn't grow animals, had to move to big towns. Science and learning 1492 America was discovered by Columbus. Vasco da Gama found searoute to India (Suessi kanal 1950). Magalhaesi väin between South America and Tulemaa saar. He
france. Organization of LEIVA??, industrial interest, war and ??, art, expluatation, standardisation, dehumanistaion, degradation of ethical and cultural values. He is fascinated with outcasts, the alienated, the outsiders, people who have been beated with life, the descenters-those who don't agree with the majority are the descenters, they are interested in those people. The book follows the lives of nine characters. All aspects of the lives are represented to us, the rich are corrupt, the poor may be not so corrupt, decent, but they can accomplish nothing because they are poor. The unjust triumph and the whole trilogy ends with a memorable sketch of a young harmless hitchhiker who wants to catch a car on a highway that leads nowhere. The final scene is the big indictment-critisism of america, road to nowhere. It is one of the experimental novels. The narrative structure is very complex. 12
Referaat: Agatha Christie raamatu kohta ''the mysterious affair at styles'' CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION................................................... 3 2. AGATHA CHRISTIE............................................. 4 3. PICTURES.............................................................. 5 4. PLOT....................................................................... 6 5. PLOT....................................................................... 7 6. CHARACTERS...................................................... 8 7. SETTING................................................................ 9 8. LANGUAGE AND STYLE................................... 9 9. WHOM DO I RECCOMEND THIS NOVEL........ 9 10. SUMMARY........................................................... 10 11. SOURCES.............................................................. 11 INTRODUCTION The Mysterious Affair at Styles is a detec
RECORDINGS OF SYMPHONIC MUSIC. APPENDIX D. SCORES OF SYMPHONIC MUSIC PUBLISHED. APPENDIX E. CHRONOLOGY OF ESTONIAN SYMPHONIES. APPENDIX F. SOUND TAPES OF ESTONIAN SYMPHONIES IN THE ESTONIAN MUSIC INFORMATION CENTRE AT THE COMPOSERS UNION. APPENDIX G. SOME PROGRAMMES WITH ESTONIAN MUSIC AND CONDUCTORS. APPENDIX H. INDEX OF PERSONAL NAMES. APPENDIX I. SELECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHS. APPENDIX J. MUSICAL EXAMPLES. PIANO ARRANGEMENTS AND SCORE SAMPLES. APPENDIX K. USEFUL ADDRESSES. ABOUT THE AUTHOR ESTONIA AND THE ESTONIANS Estonia is situated on the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland, between the Baltic Sea and Lake Peipsi. The country is populated by Estonians who belong to the Western Finnish group of nations, a branch of the Finno-Ugric stem, and speak the Estonian language. Estonia is the northernmost of the Baltic States. From west to east the length of the country is 360 kilometres and the width, from north to south, is 255 kilometres.
Paine advocates reason in the place of revelation, leading him to reject miracles and to view the Bible as an ordinary piece of literature rather than as a divinely inspired text. The Age of Reason is not atheistic, but deistic: it promotes natural religion and argues for a creator-God. Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin (January 17, 1706 April 17, 1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. A noted polymath, Franklin was a leading author and printer, satirist, political theorist, politician, scientist, inventor, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. As a scientist, he was a major figure in the Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity. He invented the lightning rod, bifocals, the Franklin stove, a carriage odometer, and the glass 'armonica'. He formed both the first public lending library in America and first fire department in Pennsylvania. He was an early
Irving's early works were very heavily influenced by neo-classical satirists such as Alexander Pope and Jonathan Swift. After he met Sir Walter Scott and became familiar with imaginative German lit, a new romantic note became evident in works such as The Sketch Book (1819-1820), which includes Rip Van Winkle, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow and Bracebridge Hall (1822). Irving was the first Am writer to win the respect of British lit critics. (also the first internationally famous author from the USA) James Fenimore Cooper was perhaps the most popular writer of the period. He drew inspiration for his five volume series of Leatherstocking Tales (1823-1841) from Walter Scott's Waverley novels. The tales, which include The Last of the Mohicans, recount the adventures of the great frontiersman Natty Bumppo, nicknamed `Leatherstocking'. Cooper shows great skill in weaving history into the exciting plots and in creating credible and identifiably Am characters
Lewis Carroll 27 January 1832 14 January 1898 Charles L. Dodgson Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (27 January 1832 14 January 1898), better known by the pseudonym Lewis Carroll, was an English author, mathematician, logician, Anglican deacon and photographer. His most famous writings are Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequel Through the LookingGlass, as well as the poems "The Hunting of the Snark" and "Jabberwocky", all examples of the genre of literary nonsense. He is noted for his facility at word play, logic, and fantasy, and there are societies dedicated to the enjoyment and promotion of his
founded Sir Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy School of Art and Industry in Bombay. Later in life Kipling illustrated many of Rudyard Kipling's books, and other works. Kipling also remained editor of the Journal of Indian Art and Industry, which carried drawing works from the students of the Mayo School. COUPLE named their son after the place they had first met Rudyard Lake. Alice Kipling Fleming - Sister of British author Rudyard Kipling who became a well-known psychic, producing automatic writing under the name "Mrs. Holland." Born June 11, 1868, Alice Kipling was privately educated. She went to India at age 16 and married British army officer John Fleming. While in India she wrote a number of poems, and in 1893 initially experimented with automatic writing. After a long illness she returned to England in 1902 and in the following year read the classic study Human
Spencer 88. . Spenser's belief that poetry should deal with subjects far removed from everyday life and should be written in refined language unlike that which was used by common people became the basic principle for poetry throughout much of the Elizabethan period. CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE 1564-1593, born in Canterbury, was working for the government. Also wrote plays where he was successful. In the end got stabbed to death. SHAKESPEARE (1564-1616) he was an actor, poet, playwright and the best dramatist in writing. 37 plays, he used many sources for his plays including the classical Greek and Latin writings. Shakespeare did not publish his plays, two former actors and friends of him did, after he died. From 1600 to 1608 Shakespeare wrote his great tragedies. These plays have given world theatre unforgettable characters such as Hamlet, King Lear, Othello and Macbeth. The comedies that were written in this period no longer have the bright, optimistic
Poe objected to narrow nationalism. The poverty of the arts in America was a direct result of the national preoccupation with money. He was rather harsh on minor authors. Longfellow hated him. The first modern literary theoretician used a lot of psychology (psychological system logical), in direct contrast with romanticism. The work of art should be evaluated from the point of view of the author's intention, what the author intended. He stood somehow aloof somehow on the side. He was ahead of his time. He mentally anguished landscapes, far from nature or society. He seemed to European his contemporaries could not understand his ideas. The first group of writers who started to appreciate his writing was the French symbolists, especially Baudelaire. They proclaimed Poe their predecessor. Major influence on later writers he can be called the first detective stories writer
No radical social change, or popualr democracy experiment. Men at the top harassed by those who supporteed the old and those who sought further to radicalize the new. Dissenting Puritans, restless Protestant sectarians. Pamphlet literature of those who saw Charles I’s overthrow as freedom from Norman feudalism. Native rights, more equal distribution of constituencies, removing property qualifications from voters. John Lilburne – Leveller party. Contrasts between rich and poor. Equal distribution of property. 9. Milton. Paradise Lost Lengthy works of religious convictions discarded today, wanted to remove his poetry to greater extent than that of others, for material: the fall of man, the restoration of the human race in Christ, destruction of God’s enemies, from the heavnely point of view, his poetry must teavh, purify and elevate the heart (his work
Major events on world history at that time: · Industrial revolution · In America the Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776 · The French Revolution, 1789 · The King of England was George III, after him George IV and then Queen Victoria Outcomes: · Revolution did not bring welfare · Lives of the lower-classes worsened · Extended the distance between the lower and upper class · The rich got richer, the poor got poorer 2. Romanticism is a reaction against classicism, science and atomic (aesthetic ideal of order and unity) worldview. Romantic ideal is the organic world. Romanticism: · Returns to nature and belief in the goodness of mankind · Exaltation of the senses and emotion overcome reason and intellect is the time when novels became more important · Imagination is very important, it is a God-like creator (W
J.F.Cooper(1789-1851): he was born in Burlington, New Jersey in 1789. When he expelled from Yale bacause of prank, he joined the navy as a midshipman. In 1810 he took a furlough and never returned to active duty. He married with Susan De Lancy and got 5 children. They lived Europe, but returned to America because he was unpopular in Europe. In 1920 je published his first fiction "Precaution", in 1821 the second one "The Spy". His third book "The Pioneers" was the first of five novels. He died at Cooperstown in 1851. He was immensely popular writer and he considered to be the first major American novelist. R.L.Stevenson(1850-1894): he was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1850. He was a sick little boy who spent much of his time in bed. He was very lonely only child. When he grew older and seemed stronger, his father took him on trips to he wildest coasts of Sotland. Stevenson was no student. He roamed about Edinburgh, learning to know people of all kinds. His stories were full of gaiety,
actors, among whom were both young graduates of the theatre school and well known stars. Tallinn City Theatre's repertory has been well approved by both the audience and the critics. It contains world classics as well as modern drama. Attention is dedicated also to the new Estonian drama - Jaan Tätte works at the Tallinn City Theatre as an actor, but he is also one of the best Estonian playwrights. Several of his plays, including his most popular play "Highway Crossing", directed here by the author himself, have been translated into many different languages, and have been staged in Germany, Latvia, Russia, Finland and Sweden. Currently the Tallinn City Theatre's resident company includes 28 actors and 3 stage directors, but the theatre is open to guest performers from Estonia as well as abroad. Tallinn City Theatre is famous by a high artistic level as well as its unique medieval building, which houses seven different performance spaces and a large open-air stage for summer productions.
Literature of the 14th century The highpoint of medieval literature, the best writer of late medieval lived then. William Langland 1332-1376 the last important poet of alliterative verse. His masterpiece "The Vision of Piers Ploughman" how important working hard is, the labour of peasants is the base of the welfare of the people. A passionate protest against social injustice. A time when peasants were slowly rising against their feudal lords. Descriptions of different social classes. Religious mysticism. Two great principles: 1) all men are equal before God; 2) honest labour is dignified. It is a dream allegory
as it should. It was a time that appeared on the surface perhaps to be the height of Empire, a time to be bullish about colonialism in Africa. Kurtz as Nietzschean Superman- Kurtz is another strong person, that uses the Negroes because they are weaker than him - in fact he is considered like a god by them for his nature- and that loves this country for the same reason as Marlow and also because he can be seen like a god and live far from the stupid morals of his rich European world. Nietzsche believes that the true strength of man is unique and not of everybody: Marlow and Kurtz have this uniqueness. The hero that Nietzsche considers is the law of himself: he does not have to be limited by the consideration for the other people, and by stupid laws and rules. So, the true Nietzsche's hero can be very similar to Kurtz. Darkness of human heart: Frame story: Marlowe taken on board by 5 boatmen on the Thames
............................................................................................ Quotations................................................................................................................................. My Opinion............................................................................................................................... Orson Scott Card He was born on the 24th of August, 1951 in Richland, Washington. Card's writing career began primarily as a poet, studying at Brigham Young University. During his studies as a theatre major, he began "doctoring" scripts, adapting fiction for theatre production, and finally writing his own one-act and full-length plays. Later he has worked both as a freelancer and a contracted writer. He first wrote the short story "Ender's Game" while working at the BYU press. Ender's Game and its sequel Speaker for the Dead were both awarded the Hugo Award and the Nebula
She moved to Chawton, published novels, got Hodgkin´s disease and died in 1817. 5 unpublished novels. "Sense and Sensibility"the 1st novel, published under a pseudonym "A Lady", has been the material in TV many times. "Pride and Prejudice". Henno Rajandi translated the last into Estonian in 1985, it ends with 2 major weddings. The movie has been nominated for 4 oscars but hasn´t won any. There are 9 books all together in Estonian. Merily: "Helen Beatrix Potter" Children´s author, illustrator, homeschooled, had many pets, read Walter Scott´s novels, liked science, stories are based on little animals which she smuggled into her room. "The Tale of Peter Rabbit", has written 23 books. She married her publisher who died of penicious anemia. She bought a farm, had many animals, was happy. B. Potter Gallery in London. Drew illustrations, pictures, there are 2 films and many books about her. Eliis: "Woodstock Festival" 5 festivals have been held, the first in 1969
Filmikunsti ajalugu 31.01.12 The age of pioneers: the early history of film How the horses helped to ivent the cinema. Cinema was invented by accident. 1872, west coast: leland standford, party, rich people, end of the 19 century, bored. Stanfrod talks friends about horses: problem: question is, what happens with the hooves while its moving, running. Bet, with eyes, can't settle this. Cannot ever see if the hooves touch the ground. Stanford has enough money, hires most famous photographer. Eadwerd muybridge, comes to usa. Tells him to settle this with photography. That time with photography you cannot get any informatio either. Started to install boxes, in each box, there was a camera
BOOK REPORT Title & author of the book: 'Anita and Me' by Meera Syal The setting of the book? The story resolves around Meena Syal, the daughter of the only Punjabi family in the Midlands' mining village of Tollington. The novel provides a vision of British childhood in the 1960s, a childhood caught between two cultures, each on the brink of enormous change. Meena is desperate to fit in with the other children in her neighbourhood while forever feeling like an outsider because she is "different"
Philip Larkin’s Poetry: Themes, Form, Style, Imagery and Symbolism Author: Sandra Olivares González Tutor: Jesús Marín Calvarro Degree in English Studies, English Department, Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, University of Extremadura Cáceres, 29th January 2016 Philip Larkin’s Poetry: Themes, Form, Style, Imagery and Symbolism The aim of this work is to obtain some characteristics of the poetry of Philip
They had their own customs and laws, which we know due to sagas (oral history). They had no written language. Beowulf Beowulf is an epic or a long poem describing the adventures of an hero. It belongs to the Anglo-Saxon period, when they were still living on the mainland and then brought to Greta Britain . It was made up in the 3rd or 4th century. I was spread orally until it was written down in the 10th century. The author is unknown and the manuscript is kept in the British Museum (near Trafalgar Square). The story is very important as it allows us to lear about the way of life in the 4th century. The characters can be divided into two groups fictitious and historical. The epic deploys many metaphors - e.g. the sea = the swan's road, body = a house for bones and alliteration. It is structured as two parts. In the first part King Hroghtgar, king of Danes built a palace Hereot near a lake
1. Beowulf. The dating of Beowulf is still controversial. The poem is one of the earliest and greatest monuments of the Germanic literatures. The main stories of the poem (the fights of B.) are versions of common folk-tales, but the poet also introduces many incidental stories, some of which belong to the world of ancient Germanic legend. He writes his folk-tales and legends in a web of other events, mainly set in the Baltic Kingdoms. He shows a very rich and leisurely portrayal of this Baltic world, providing many customs like the close relationship between lord and man in the war-band and others. All this encouraged the supposition that the unknown author of the poem was himself a bard of the ancient type portrayed within the poem (a lord's scoop). However, many people propose that the author could be Christian poet, perhaps a monk, versed not only in old native traditions, but also in the culture and
Arthur Conan Doyle Life Arthur Conan Doyle was born on 22 May 1859, in Edinburgh, Scotland, to an English father, Charles Altamont Doyle, and an Irish mother, Mary Foley, who had married in 1855.] Although he is now referred to as "Conan Doyle", the origin of this compound surname is uncertain. Conan Doyle's father was an artist, as were his paternal uncles (one of whom was Richard Doyle), and his paternal grandfather John Doyle. Conan Doyle was sent to the Roman Catholic Jesuit preparatory school St. Mary's Hall, Stonyhurst, at the age of eight. He then went on to Stonyhurst College, but by the time he left the school in 1875, he had rejected Christianity to become an agnostic. From 1876 to 1881 he studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, including a period working in the town of Aston (now a district of Birmingham). While studying, he
ANTITHESIS ANTITHESIS means the opposition or the clash of two strongly contrasted ideas combined with syntactic parallels. Contrast is often created by antonyms. NT: A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted; a time to kill, and a time to heal; a time to break down, and a time to build up; a time to weep, and a time to laugh; a time to mourn, and a time to dance; NT: I am the poet of the body and the poet of the sole. NT: I was his family's devoted friend, and she was my family's secret enemy. CHIASMUS 3 4 Syntactic CHIASMUS (reversed parallelism) means that the word order of one sentence is inverted compared to that of the other sentence or clause
As you start reading sources do it systematically: Go to library use books, published sources (they are published so they are reliable) use Internet at least. In library make separate card for every publication (author, year of publication, etc.). You start reading a book: think of your own topic and make notes (take a sheet of paper for a book: in the left hand margin you indicate the page, on the right hand write a quotation you wish to use, or "in pages 10 to 12 the author analyses .... and ......". You should use quotation marks when you take some author's ideas, but your own comment should be without quotation marks. THE MECHANICS: · font size 12 · lines double spaced · Times New Roman · margins (one left side margin should be 3cm, all other (up, down, and right) 1.5 cm) · the page number should be in the right hind corner (upside) NB! It should be within those 1.5 cm no special space. And no "p." letter!
been painted over, spoilt with knives, even used for target practice. The American Rock Art Research Association protects rock-art sites. 2) THE FAVOURITE SPORT IN BRITAIN The most popular sport is probably football. Two kinds of football is played in Great Britain. One of them, which is called association football, is played all over Europe. The other kind: rugby football is also very popular in New Zealand, France, and some other European countries. English boys play it at school, and in public parks. When they grow up, they play as members of important amateur teams or as a professional in teams competing in football ,,leagues". Professional football is as much a business as a sport. Rugby football was first played in 1823. In rugby every player is allowed to carry the ball. The ball is oval, not round. Each team contains 15 players. The oldest game of football in England is probably the football match which takes place at
People and Behaviour 1. Underline the most suitable word or phrase. a) Please don't push. It's very bad-tempered/rude/unsympathetic. b) Jack hates spending money. He's rather frank/greedy/mean. c) Our teacher is very proud/strict/tolerant and won't let us talk in class. d) Helen never does her homework. She is rather gentle/lazy'/reliable. e) I didn't talk to anyone at the party because I felt ambitious/lonely/shy. f) When Harry saw his girlfriend dancing with Paul he felt jealous/selfish/sentimental. g) I don't like people who are noisy and aggressive/courageous/sociable. h) Thanks for bringing us a present. It was very adorable/grateful/thoughtful of you. i) Teresa never gets angry with the children. She is very brave/patient/pleasant. j) Tom always pays for everyone when we go out. He's so cheerful/generous/honest. 2. Match the words in the box with the descriptions (a-l). Use each word once only. bad-tempered determine
He is horribly angry when he discovers that his daughter has married Othello secretly. He brings her to the Duke of Venice, but in front of the court, she confesses, that she is in love with Othello. Rodrigo he is a gentleman from Venice. He is in love with Desdemona and also one of Iago's proponents in the plan to destroy Othello. Iago kills Rodrigo in the dark, pretends that someone else was the murderer. He is young, rich and still foolish by trusting Iago. Duke of Venice he runs the city and delegates order, he is the official authority there. The Duke sends Othello to Cyprus and allows Desdemona to meet him there. He admires Othello as a public and military servant. Montano he is the governor of Cyprus. He supports Cassio in his attempted reconciliation with Othello and tries to
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