Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "The Romantic Age". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
romantic, writer, writers, poet, english, work, nature, major, works, literature, individual, reason, artists, vision, came, regard, emotions, idea, cole, there, year, characteristics, important, belief, rather, than, became, ideas, women, poems, critic, nightingale, scott, during, figure, stood, picture, beethoven, move, painted, thomas, 18th, century· The King of England was George III, after him George IV and then Queen Victoria Outcomes: · Revolution did not bring welfare · Lives of the lower-classes worsened · Extended the distance between the lower and upper class · The rich got richer, the poor got poorer 2. Romanticism is a reaction against classicism, science and atomic (aesthetic ideal of order and unity) worldview. Romantic ideal is the organic world. Romanticism: · Returns to nature and belief in the goodness of mankind · Exaltation of the senses and emotion overcome reason and intellect is the time when novels became more important · Imagination is very important, it is a God-like creator (W. Blake: "I know that this world is a World of Imagination and Vision") 3. Romantic image of the poet The poet was a learned man who also knew how to appreciate nature
English literature is one of the oldest literatures in Europe; dates back to the 6th century AD. Oral literature, i.e. not written down, spread from person to person. In 449 AD Anglo-‐Saxon tribes invaded England – beginning of the Anglo-‐Saxon period in English literature. The first form of literature was folklore, carried by scops and gleemen, who
The great Enlighteners: Crèvecoeur, Jefferson, Paine, Franklin. The American Enlightenment is the intellectual thriving period in the United States in the midtolate 18th century (17151789), especially as it relates to American Revolution on the one hand and the European Enlightenment on the other. Influenced by the scientific revolution of the 17th century and the humanist period during the Renaissance, the Enlightenment took scientific reasoning and applied it to human nature, society, and religion. American Enlightenment a gradual but powerful awakening that established the ideals of democracy, liberty, and religious tolerance in the people of America. If there were just one development that directly caused the American Revolution and uplifted the intellectual culture of the continent while it was only a British colony, it would be the American Enlightenment. Broadly, the Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that changed the fundamental
Highest class was aristocracy (the Church and the nobility); the middle class/the bourgeoisie (shopkeepers, merchants, lawyers, businessmen etc.) was the biggest class; and the lowest class "the working class" and "the poor"; new change was the upward mobility people could become richer and move upward in social classes (to higher class); huge boost of the middle and working class; after industrial revolution there was still social division; late 18th century philosophers and writers started to question the social status of the nobility · What were the reasons behind upward mobility? New public schools for poorer people; S. Smile "Self Help"; questioning the social status of the nobility · Reasons behind the rise of literacy 1850 Libraries Act, the Sixpenny novels (people could by cheap books- T. Malory "Morte d'Arthur", W. Scott historical novels- most popular was "Ivanhoe"; new schools for middle class- public schools; not so
biographies, accounts of voyages, diaries, sermons, pamphlets. Much of the material addressed the problems of Church and State. There were few examples of fiction, poetry or drama. Anne Bradstreet of Massachusetts published some lyrical poems of high literary quality (1650) and Edward Taylor, who was born in England but lived in Boston, wrote some poetry in the style of John Donne and the metaphysical poets. All 17 th cent Am writings were, both in content and form, similar to English lit of the same period. The great literary figures of the 18th cent were Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790), Thomas Paine (1737-1809) and Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826). The common sense and witty aphorisms of Franklin's popular Poor Richard's Almanac series appealed to colonial readers. Franklin also wrote effectively on the question of allegiance to the British crown but it was his protégé, Thomas Paine, who
Outstanding figures in British literature Eva Martina Põder 11.b British literature Refers to all literature produced by British authors from the United Kingdom, which includes England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, Wales, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man Includes early works written in Gaelic, Welsh, and Latin, works in Old, Middle, and Modern English, each of which represents a different period Full of great works British works in Latin Venerable Bede He lived between 673 and 735 AD The greatest of all the AngloSaxon scholars He's the earliest English historian, whose work has shed light on a period of English history that would have otherwise been unknown ,,The Father of English History" Wrote / translated about 40 books on almost every area of knowledge, i.e. nature, astronomy, and poetry His best known work is "The Ecclesiastical History of the English People"
The Age of Reason is not atheistic, but deistic: it promotes natural religion and argues for a creator-God. Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin (January 17, 1706 April 17, 1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. A noted polymath, Franklin was a leading author and printer, satirist, political theorist, politician, scientist, inventor, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. As a scientist, he was a major figure in the Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity. He invented the lightning rod, bifocals, the Franklin stove, a carriage odometer, and the glass 'armonica'. He formed both the first public lending library in America and first fire department in Pennsylvania. He was an early proponent of colonial unity, and as a political writer and activist he supported the idea of an American nation
Women writer's influence on our society Estonian women writer's history doesn't go far back. The reason for that is that people were slaves back then. Even if there were writers, then most weren't famous and they wrote poems and stories more for themselves. Also being a woman and a writer wasn't considered as a decent job for a woman at that time. The stories that we have from that time were given to one another by talking and mostly we don't know who were the authors. Education was also very expensive so only rich people could get it and Estonians, who were just farmers, mostly didn't have money for that. First I am going to talk about Marie Heiberg. She lived 1890-1942. Her first poem collection was ,,Mure-lapse laulud" in translation ,,Problem child's songs"
the angles, to the saints and Virgin Mary. We are in Heaven that can only be Anglican, filled with deep inner piety which spoke of the anguish of heart in its search for God.Church resumed as holy place again, restoration, beautification, painting and sculpture aided liturgy. 7. 17th century philosophical writing (Burton, Browne, Hobbes) Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan – developed his political philosophy. Man by nature selfishly individualistic animal, constant war with other men. Fear of violent deat principle motive causes them to create state and submite to sovereign, whose power, though derived from people, is absolute and not subject to law. Though he favoured monarchy as the most effective form of sovereignty, theory could apply to parliament also. Led to investigations by other political theorists. Robert Burton: The Anatomy of Melancholy – on surface medical textbook, Burton applies his large and
The Romantic movement in American literature Romanticism in literature · Romantic · Romanticism is an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement · Influenced by : - Enlightenment - elevated medievalism · In America 1820 Characteristic features · Intuition, instincts, imagination, feelings · Folk art, nature, heroism · Protest against reality · Emphasis on women and children · Dreams · Symbolism and myths Events & Dates · The American Revolution (1776 -1783) · The French Revolution (1789 1799) · The Industrial Revolution · Civil war (1861 1865) · Colonies, communes · Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803 1882) · Henry David Thoreau (1817 1862) Famous writers · Small literary world, writers knew each other
potatoes, fruits and vegetables. Estonian cultural life is manifold and intense, initiated by the National Awakening movement during the second half of the 19th century. Estonian folk arts date back to the remote past. In Estonia there are 27 higher educational establishments, among them seven universities with more than 25,000 students and post-graduates (1996); the oldest is Tartu University (founded in 1632), which enjoys a high international reputation. In Estonia there are unions of writers, artists, composers, actors, cinematographers etc; ten professional theatres, two film studios, and the state institution Estonian Concert Agency. The first Estonian book was published in 1525; in 1996 2,234 books and booklets were published in Estonian. The first film company began in 1920. A National Broadcasting Company was established in 1924, and Estonian Television in 1955. Unique in their dimensions and popularity, with up to 30,000 singers and
1. Beowulf. The dating of Beowulf is still controversial. The poem is one of the earliest and greatest monuments of the Germanic literatures. The main stories of the poem (the fights of B.) are versions of common folk-tales, but the poet also introduces many incidental stories, some of which belong to the world of ancient Germanic legend. He writes his folk-tales and legends in a web of other events, mainly set in the Baltic Kingdoms. He shows a very rich and leisurely portrayal of this Baltic world, providing many customs like the close relationship between lord and man in the war-band and others. All this encouraged the supposition that the unknown author of the poem was himself a bard of the ancient type
The Renaissance Between 14th and 16th century in Europe From French word rebirth It was an age of growth in Europe. New, powerful city states emerged. A new middle class had more and more money to spend. Great artists, writers and thinkers lived during this time. During the Middle Ages many people who lived in the countryside worked on the land that they got from the noblemen. In return, they were protected by them Between the middle and the end of the 14th century, the plague, also called "Black Death" killed almost half of Europe's population. It spread most rapidly in the larger cities where many people lived. This led to economic depression.
Russian philology The meaning of the word "philology" is "love for word". This is love that unites teachers and researchers of modern and Classical languages and literature, interpreters and diplomats, journalists and publishers, writers and poets. Russian philologis are highly demanded in various spheres of scholarly research and education, in the mass media, in civil service at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in archives, libraries, museums, in travel agencies, as well as Russian and international companies. Curriculum within in philological faculty includes courses of Russian and European languages and literature, courses of Linguistics and Theory of Literature for students to
Philip Larkin’s Poetry: Themes, Form, Style, Imagery and Symbolism Author: Sandra Olivares González Tutor: Jesús Marín Calvarro Degree in English Studies, English Department, Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, University of Extremadura Cáceres, 29th January 2016 Philip Larkin’s Poetry: Themes, Form, Style, Imagery and Symbolism The aim of this work is to obtain some characteristics of the poetry of Philip Larkin, such us the origin of his themes, the way in which he writes his poems and the symbolism he uses (which is a very controversial topic because some assume that he does use it, while some others say that he uses it in an ironic way). In this work we tried to make a revision on the vision of Larkin through the studies that had been made on him, and on the basis of it we can say, that the voice of Larkin still clearly contemporary
Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens was the foremost English novelist of the Victorian era, as well as a vigorous social campaigner. Considered one of the English language's greatest writers, he was acclaimed for his rich storytelling and memorable characters, and achieved massive worldwide popularity in his lifetime. Charles Dickens was born in Landport, Portsmouth in Hampshire, the second of eight children to John Dickens n 7 February 1812. The 12-year-old Dickens began working ten hour days in a Warren's boot-blacking factory. In May 1827, Dickens began work in the office of Ellis and Blackmore as a law clerk. At the age
American Art Revision Materials Colonial Period Portraiture. The first typically American paintings were illustrated maps but painting remained scarce during C17. There were 4 reasons: settlers came from backgrounds where art was unusual, Protestant attitudes was averse to imagery and painting, the English were not yet distinguished in visual arts and religious art was non-existent. The colonial period is almost entirely limited to portraiture (deemed as `useful' by settlers). These first paintings were made by limners and artisans without formal training and were based on what was popular in England during the Tudors. The paintings are technically unskilled, strongly patterned, flat and linear. Spanish painting in America was mostly religious.
American Art Revision Materials Colonial Period Portraiture. The first typically American paintings were illustrated maps but painting remained scarce during C17. There were 4 reasons: settlers came from backgrounds where art was unusual, Protestant attitudes was averse to imagery and painting, the English were not yet distinguished in visual arts and religious art was non-existent. The colonial period is almost entirely limited to portraiture (deemed as `useful' by settlers). These first paintings were made by limners and artisans without formal training and were based on what was popular in England during the Tudors. The paintings are technically unskilled, strongly patterned, flat and linear. Spanish painting in America was mostly religious.
Opposition to abstract, untested theories &ideologies. Friedrich Nietzsche ,,God is dead"-through explaining and putting forward theories had killed Christian god. The essence of Freudian theory: the process in the human psyche Superego-society, conscience, morals, traditions, religion, a moral censor Ego-rational behavior, motivation, self-identification, conscious decisions Id-instincts, natural responses, the pleasure principle, aggressive instincts, the death wish Influence: In art and literature, Freud's theories influenced surrealism . Like psychoanalysis, surrealistic painting and writing explores the inner depths of the unconscious mind. Freudian ideas have provided subject matter for authors and artists. Critics often analyze art and literature in Freudian terms. 2. Literary Modernism and its sub-movements. The influence of Structuralism and psychoanalysis. Main characteristic features of Modernism. Denial of
Joseph Rudyard Kipling was a British author and poet. He was born on 30 December 1865 in Bombay, in India which was part of the British Empire then. he is best known for his works of fiction The Jungle Book (1894) (a collection of stories which includes Rikki-Tikki-Tavi), Kim (1901) (a tale of adventure), many short stories, including The Man Who Would Be King (1888); and his poems, including Mandalay (1890), Gunga Din (1890), and If-- (1910).He is regarded as a major "innovator in the art of the short story"; his children's books are enduring classics of children's literature; and his best works speak to a versatile and luminous narrative gift. Kipling was one of the most popular writers in English, in both prose and verse, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1907, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, making him the first English language writer to receive the prize. Among other honours, he was sounded out for the British
Literature of the 14th century The highpoint of medieval literature, the best writer of late medieval lived then. William Langland 1332-1376 the last important poet of alliterative verse. His masterpiece "The Vision of Piers Ploughman" how important working hard is, the labour of peasants is the base of the welfare of the people. A passionate protest against social injustice. A time when peasants were slowly rising against their feudal lords. Descriptions of different social classes. Religious mysticism. Two great principles: 1) all men are equal before God; 2) honest labour is dignified. It is a dream allegory
Because of the fact that they were all students they were also very young- the oldest one, Hunt, was 21. They were soon joined by William Rossetti(critic), James Collison(painter), Frederic Stephens (critic), Thomas Woolner(sculptor). The three youthful Pre-Raphaelites deliberately challenged the established view of art, drawing up a manifesto of their intentions and publishing them in the four issues of a periodical called "The Germ". They would paint direct from nature, with objective truthfulness and genuine ideas in sympathy with what was direct and heartfelt in the art of the past. The brotherhoods techniques came from the early Flemish art- especially Van Eyck. To imitate the work of great Italian artists the PRB-s studied the colours in nature. To have the effect of glowing colours they invented a new method called "wet white". It was very difficult and wasn't used a lot (except Hunt). The technique was to apply colour on a wet brilliant white ground.
literature. It is believed that around 1307 he interrupts his unfinished work, Convivio, a reflection of his love poetry philosophy of the Roman tradition, to begin The Comedy (later known as The Divine Comedy). He writes a book called De Vulgari Eloquentia explaining his idea to combine a number of Italian dialects to create a new national language. In 1310 he writes De Monarchia presenting Dante's case for a one-ruler world order. Among his works, his reputation rests on his last work, The Divine Comedy. He began writing it somewhere between 1307-1314 and finished it only a short while before his death in 1321, while in exile. In this work, Dante introduces his invention of the terza rima, or three-line stanza as well as himself as a character. The Inferno is the first of three parts of Dante's epic poem, The Divine Comedy, which depicts an imaginary journey through Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise. Dante is the hero, who loses his way in the
development of human society throuch biological laws · Outlook is deterministic, pessimistic, fatalistic (fate or biology) · Man as an animal-clever than other beasts, still explainable within the framework · Man is not a free agent, is govern by something · Unable to determine his own faith · Hereditary · Naturalists tried to apply in fiction the processes of natural sciences · Writers task is to record facts, systems of behaviour, living conditions, never revealing any natural unbiased (completely natural) · Point of view: amoral-outside the category of morality, neither good or bad · Naturalist find it absurd to blame the wicked. These criminals are doing what nature, environment, their unconscious tells them to do. Naturalists do not judge their characters, they simply report. Try to describe facts like they are. Naturalists depict the
English writers Maria maasing Edwin Abbott Abbott · Edwin Abbott Abbott(1838-1926)was an English clergyman and writer.He was born in London. He wrote several theological works and a biography (1885) of Francis Bacon, but he is best known for his Shakespearian Grammar (1870) and religious allegory the Flatland. William Blake · William Blake (17571827) was an English poet, philosopher and artist.He was one of the most extraordinary personalities to emerge during the period of Romanticism. He believed that spiritual reality lies hidden behind the visible world of the senses and he attempted to create a symbolic language to represent his spiritual visions. He began printing his own illustrated poems in colour in 1787. The first example was Songs of innocence(1789). Towards the end of his life, he joined a
Idealization of Nature in Romantic Poetry One of the main characteristics of romanticism in general is the constant praising of nature and connecting it with almost everything. As the second half of the 18 th century was the time of the industrial revolution, urbanization and mankind's distancing from nature in every way, it is not surprising that as a result it became more and more important to and valued by people it had suddenly become something remote and far from everyday life, somewhat a luxury. The utmost way this luxury manifests in romantic poetry is nature's ability to help whoever takes the time to value its divinity get in touch with themselves and get away from everything that might influence their way of acting. Nature provides the ideal atmosphere and
neigbouring countries. France, Spain - greatest enemies.So he could save much money and thus laid a good economic basis for his state. Besides that he built a merchant fleet (kaubalaevastik) England begun to dominate in international trade. Unfortunately the king got old and died. Next king was Henry Vlll, second son of the family, wasn't prepared to become a king. Had to take the role as his elder brother died. Was prepared to come a clergyman got good education: languages, music, literature. Brother jumped off horse into a river, died in bed. Elder brother was already married. Henry Vlll married with his brothers widow.Catherine of Aragon, she came from Spain, she was arden(innukas) Catholic. At first they had good relations. Soon there were big problems. Had daughter Mary, couldn't get a son. Needed a new king. Henry decided to get a divorce. Henry wrote a long letter to Pope for a divorce. Pope said no. Then Henry decleared himself the head of English church to get divorce
ENGLISH LITERATURE Ancient Britain Lived on the British Isles in the 1st millenium. They most probably came from Eastern Europe and belonged to the Celtic race and also spoke Celtic. They were primitive hunters- gatherers, farmers. Some Celtic words are still used in modern English, however they are used mostly in place names. For example: · avon river · cumb valley · ford shallow place in the river Ancient Britons had their own religion and priests or druids and temples. In the year 55 BC Britain became a Roman province. Romans were highly developed and had their own language latin, which has also greatly influenced English. The military occupation of the Isles ended in 410 AD
Comparison of P. B. Shelley's and W. Wordsworth's "To a Skylark" Poems The Skylark is a bird whose singing is very melodical. It is an inspiration to many poets, two of them being P. B. Shelley and W. Wordsworth. The Skylark is a common nature metaphor for pure poetic expression. Shelly Shelley's poem is all about praising the birds singing and how the lark can create such beautiful songs unintentionally. For the bird, singing is effortless and comes out naturally. Still the creation is harmonic and spreads joy. The poem starts with Shelly calling the bird a "blithe spirit" and expressing his admiration of how the song comes from the bird's heart without any effort. "Bird thou never wert-/ That
has reigned longer. Her Silver and Golden Jubilees were celebrated in 1977 and 2002; her Diamond Jubilee is being celebrated during 2012. Cultural Life in Great Britain Artistic and cultural life in Britain is rather rich, like in most of the European countries. It has passed several main stages in its evelopment. The Saxon King Alfred encouraged the arts and culture. The chief debt owed to him by English literature is for his translations of and commentaries on Latin works. Art, culture and literature flourished during the Elizabethan age, during the reign of Elizabeth I; it was the period of English domination of the oceans and colonies, and, due to the strong political and economic position of the country, there were few obstacles in the way of the cultural development. This time is also famous for the fact that William Shakespeare lived and worked then. The empire, which was very powerful under Queen Victoria, saw another cultural and artistic
THE ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD English literature came when the Angles, the Saxons, the Jutes and the Frisians invaded Britain. During this time English was called Anglo- Saxon or Old English. In the chronicles of Roman history (composed in Latin) is said that Britain makes its first appearance in written language when Romans invade the England. BEOWULF most important poem, surviving in a 10th-cent manuscript. The historical period of the poem's events can be dated in the 6th to 8th century. Much of the material of the poem is legendary and paralleled in other Germanic historical-mythological literature in Norse, Old English, and German.
The moon is down Author: John Steinbeck.(February 27, 1902--December 20, 1968) John Steinbeck III was one of the best-known and most widely read American writers of the 20th century. He wrote the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel The Grapes of Wrath, published in 1939 and the novella Of Mice and Men, published in 1937. In all, he wrote twenty-five books, including sixteen novels, six non-fiction books and several collections of short stories. In 1962 Steinbeck received the Nobel Prize for Literature. In his subsequent novels, Steinbeck found a more authentic voice by drawing upon direct memories of his life in California
Rudyard Kipling - One of the most memorable English writers of all time Family of Joseph Rudyard Kipling Mother- Alice MacDonald Kipling. Alice Kipling (one of four remarkable Victorian sisters) was a vivacious woman about whom a future Viceroy of India would say, "Dullness and Mrs. Kipling cannot exist in the same room."[3] Father - John Lockwood Kipling. Lockwood Kipling, a sculptor, an illustrator, museum curator and pottery designer, was the principal and professor of architectural sculpture at the newly-
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