Frege-märgi sisemine tähendus Deskriptsioon ja nimi ei pruugi olla sünonüümid 3.loeng Ameerika semiootika Ch.S.Peirce-1 projekt terve elu,semiootika. Öeldut saab tõlgendada Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce, 8 volumes Tsiteeritakse nagu pühakirja(2.228; Mt.5.16) Peirce´ kategooriad: First-those whose relation to their objects is a mere community in some quality, and these representations may be termed Likenesses. (idee on täiuslik) (objektide kogum) Second-those whose relation to their objects consists in a correspondence in fact, and these may be termed Indices or Signs.(objekt on vastavuses mingi seisukohaga) Third- those the ground of whose relation to their objects is an imputed character, which are the same as general signs, and these may be termed Symbols.(tõde on protsess) (kuidas need samad objektid moodustavad sümboli). Iga järgmine kategooria sõltub eelmisest.
It has been the stage on which much of England's dramatic but often sad and bloody saga of royal history has been played out. The founding of the Tower The Tower of London was founded by King William the Conqueror. After his coronation on Christmas Day, 1066, William hastily ordered the erection of a wooden fortress between the Thames and the ancient Roman wall which then surrounded London. William began the building of what is now termed as the White Tower ten years later. A rectangular stone keep of Caen stone, designed as an impregnable fortress and as an impressive and awesome demonstration of his power to the Londoners. With ramparts which were fifteen feet thick at the base and walls soaring ninety feet high, the dominating shadow of the Tower loomed forebodingly over the huddled wooden buildings of medieval London, a visible expression of Norman power.
Attitude rather than aptitude is the key to success Dear classmates and teacher! Nearly every person in this room have big hopes for the future. Almost EVERY ONE of us want to accomplish more than the others. We've set our standards high. Much higher than they were before and every generation lifts them higher. Every one of us dream of/about all kind of things. Some of them are small and brief, some bigger and long termed. Unfortunately, most of those remain to dreams, because nowadays people are lazy. Somewhy we are waiting things to happen without putting any effort to it. They say patience is a vertue, but if you want things to happen you need to come out from your comfort-zone and take action. (50 sek) When I was searching for materials for this speach, I constantly noticed 80/20 rule. It sais/d that FULLY eighty percent of success will be determined by attitude and ONLY twenty by aptitude. (I
attendant. After the completion of a career, they began to sell children's Net page in the celebrations and got it rich. Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge is the wife of Prince William and a member of the British Royal Family. Catherine grew up in Chapel Row, a village near Newbury, Berkshire, England. She studied in Scotland at the University of St Andrews, where she met Prince William. Catherine has created a major impact upon British fashion which has been termed the "Kate Middleton effect", and in 2012, she was selected as one of The 100 Most Influential People in the World by Time Magazine. Kleit English designer Sarah Burton designed the bridal gown worn by Catherine at her wedding to Prince William on 29 April 2011. It was made of satin and featured a lace applique bodice and skirt. The lace bodice design was handmade using a technique that originated in Ireland in the 1820s called Carrickmacross, which involved cutting
via a land bridge. Few archaeological traces remain of this group, but their descendants and later Neolitchi arrivals, particularly from the Iberian Peninsula , were responsible for major Neolithic sites such as Newgrang.On the arrival of Saint Patrick and other Christian missionaries in the early to mid-5th century AD, Christianity began to subsume the indigenous Celtic religion, a process that was completed by the year 600. Irish Music The indigenous music of the island is termed Irish traditional music. It has remained vibrant through the 20th, and into the 21st century, despite globalizing cultural forces. In spite of emergration and a well-developed connection to music influences from Britain and the United States, Irish music has kept many of its traditional aspects and has itself influenced many forms of music, such as country and roots music in the USA, which in turn have had some influence on modern rock music Irish literature
Many other sports are also played and followed, including basketball, boxing, cricket, fishing, golf, greyhound racing, handball, hockey, horse racing, motor sport, show jumping and tennis. Dublin has been selected as the European Capital of Sport in 2010. MUSIC Irish Music is the generic term for music that has been created in various genres on the entire island of Ireland. The indigenous(kodumaine) music of the island is termed Irish traditional music. It has remained vibrant through the 20th, and into the 21st century, despite globalising cultural forces. In spite of emigration and a well- developed connection to music influences from Britain and the United States, Irish music has kept many of its traditional aspects and has itself influenced(mõjutama) many forms of music, such as country and roots music in the USA, which in turn have had some influence on modern rock music. It has occasionally(mõnikord) been
See on antiikaja suurim kuppelehitis kõrgusega 43 meetrit ja Rooma vanim kupliga ehitis. Silindrikujulisse keskehitisse pääseb viilkatusega sammaskoja kaudu. Siseruum saab valgust läbi kuplis oleva ava. Alates 7. sajandist on panteon olnud kristlik Santa Maria Rotonda kirik. 7 Joonis 3 Panteon Vana-Rooma kuulsaimate vaatamisväärsuste hulka kuuluvad veel lisaks: Appiuse tee Akvedukt Caracalla termed Tituse võidukaar Basilika Ulpia Foorum Romanum Trajanuse sammas 10. Vana-Rooma kui maailmalinn Kogu Itaalia vallutamisega oli Rooma tõusnud üheks tugevaimaks riigiks Vahemere ääres. Seeläbi sai ta aga endale tõsiseks vastaseks Põhja-Aafrikas asuva Kartaago. Rooma ja Kartaago pidasid omavahel 3 sõda. Roomlased nimetasid kartaagolasi puunlasteks, siis on need sõjad ajaloos tuntud Puunia sõdade nime all.
1.1.1.2) A four-stroke engine (also known as four-cycle) is an internal combustion engine in which the piston completes four separate strokes which comprise a single thermodynamic cycle. A stroke refers to the full travel of the piston along the cylinder, in either direction. While risqué slang among some automotive enthusiasts names these respectively the "suck," "squeeze," "bang" and "blow" strokes.[1] they are more commonly termed 1.1.1.3) High-speed (approximately 1,000 rpm and greater) engines are used to power trucks (lorries), buses, tractors, cars, yachts, compressors, pumps and small electrical generators. As of 2008, most high-speed engines have direct injection. Many modern engines, particularly in on-highway applications, have common rail direct injection, which is cleaner burning. 1.1.1
small signal diode. The forward bias characteristic of the power diode is approximately linear, which means that the voltage drop is proportional to the omic resistance and to the current. The rated currents of power diodes are thousands of amperes and the area of the pn junction may be tens of square centimeters. In the case of power diode, the additional n- layer exists between these two layers, which is termed as a drift region. This layer can be quitewide for the diode. The wide lightly doped region adds significant ohmic resistance to the forward-biased diode and causes larger power dissipation in the diode when it is conducting current. Most of the power dissipation in a diode occurs in the forward-biased on-state operation. Real poeration currents and voltages of power diodes are essentially restricted with power losses and the thermal effect of power dissipation
Writers began to increase the thickness of the letters and would also outline them with an additional colour. Caps from other aerosol products could provide a larger width of spray, leading to the development of the masterpiece. It is difficult to say who did the first masterpiece, it is commonly credited to Super Kool 223 of the Bronx and Wap of Brooklyn. The thicker letters provides the opportunity to enhance further the name. Writers decorate the interior of the letters with what are termed "designs." First with simple dots, later with crosshatches, stars, checkerboards. Designs are limited only by an artist's imagination. Many different styles could be seen on the subways cars: illustrations and cartoon characters were used to illustrate the letters. Every style has its name: top-to-bottom, block letters, block busters, panel pieces, leaning letters, window down, whole car, throw ups… For example the Bubble style was invented by Phase II
own investments. Organization supports capacity development in the countries they serve. Organization also sponsor, host, or participate in many conferences and forums on issues of development, often in collaboration with partners (IMF). Criticism Critics of the World Bank and the IMF are concerned about the ‘conditionalities’ imposed on borrower countries. The World Bank and the IMF often attach loan conditionalities based on what is termed the ‘Washington Consensus’, focusing on liberalisation—of trade, investment and the financial sector—, deregulation and privatisation of nationalised industries. Often the conditionalities are attached without due regard for the borrower countries’ individual circumstances and the prescriptive recommendations by the World Bank and IMF fail to resolve the economic problems within the countries (Project, 2005).
Äri lõpetatakse, poliitiline elu peatub. Algab puhkeaeg. Süüakse yks kerge eine prandium ja seejärel on siesta aeg. 3) Roomlaste õhtu; termid Pärast siestat täituvad tänavad uuesti rahvaga. Käes on jalutamise ja jutustamise aeg. Teatavatel tänavatel pakuvad mõned idamaist päritolu neiud ja noormehed oma võlusid. Samuti alates 2.saj ekr saab harjumuseks pärastlõunal kümblusasutusi külastada, aega hiljem, alates Agrippast, muutuvad populaarseteks termed. Terme ja kümblusasutusi tuleb eristada, kuna termed tulevad kasutusse alles keisririigi ajajärgul. Vannid on varasemad, kui ilmuvad alles 3 saj ekr. Termid.Kümblusasutusi ei tohiks segi ajada termidega, kuna termid on pigem suured vaba aja veetmise kompleksid. Sissepääs on tasuta ning kodanik veedab siin keskmiselt kaks tundi päevas. Dekoratsioonid on hiilgavad, põrdandal marmor ja mosaiigid, värvilistest klaasidest vitraazid, kullaga kaetud võlvid
tumor specimens for the amount of stromal development, the degree of neuroblastic maturation, and the mitosis-karyorrhexis index of the neuroblastic cells. Favorable and unfavorable prognoses are defined on the bases of these histologic parameters and on patient age. The prognostic significance of this classification system, and of related systems using similar criteria, has been confirmed in several studies. Neuroblastomas containing many differentiating cells, termed ganglioneuroblastomas, tend to have favorable biological properties and have a better prognosis Ravi: madalariskiga juhtudel peamiselt operatsioon (+kemoteraapia). Keskmise riskiga: operatsioon+kemoteraapia, Kõrge riskiga: agressiivne kemoteraapia. Radiation therapy is reserved for patients with symptomatic life-threatening or organ- threatening tumor that does not respond rapidly enough to chemotherapy, or for
and some realms became republics. Today, in addition to the first four aforementioned countries, Elizabeth is Queen of Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize, Antigua and Barbuda, and Saint Kitts and Nevis. In 1947 she married Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, with whom she has four children: Charles, Anne, Andrew, and Edward. In 1992, which Elizabeth termed her annus horribilis ("horrible year"), Charles and Andrew separated from their wives, Anne divorced, and a severe fire damaged part of Windsor Castle. Revelations continued on the state of Charles's marriage to Diana, Princess of Wales, and they divorced in 1996. The following year, Diana died in a Paris car crash, and the media criticised the royal family for remaining in seclusion 4
Suureneb biomass ja hingamine, väheneb produktiivsus. Suureneb liigiline mitmekesisus (erinev sekundaarse ja primaarse suktsessiooni korral) Muutub erinevate strateegiatüüpide esindatus Mullateke 41. Selgitage klimaatilise kliimaksi ja edaafilise kliimaksi erinevusi Climatic Climax If there is only a single climax and the development of climax community is controlled by the climate of the region, it is termed as climatic climax. For example, development of Maple- beech climax community over moist soil. Climatic climax is theoretical and develops where physical conditions of the substrate are not so extreme as to modify the effects of the prevailing regional climate. Edaphic Climax When there are more than one climax communities in the region, modified by local conditions
be predicative: That man is old on the other hand, in the usual sense of an old friend of mine [`a friend of old, a long-standing friend'], old is restricted to attributive position and cannot be related to My friend is old. In this case, old is the opposite of new [recently acquired]. The person referred to is not being identified as old; it is his friendship that is old. When adjectives characterize the referent of the noun directly (that old man, My friend is old) they are termed INHERENT, when they do no (an old friend of mine) they are termed NONINHERINT. Intensifying adjectives: Some adjectives have a heightened effect on the noun they modify, or the reverse, a lowering effect. At least three semantic subclasses of intensifying adjectives can be distinguished: a) Emphasizers: have a general heightening effect and are generally attributive only, eg: a true scholar plain nonsense a clear failure the simple truth
Color-Field. Simply composed paintings became prevalent. Paintings appeared as unified optical textures and increased in scale. Various shapes were united into dominant islands, zones and boundless fields of intense and homogenous color. Expanses of bright hues produced unbroken "color fields" and did not stress sequential linear detail and formal diversity. The mood is one of mystic quietude. The transition period from action painting to color-field has been termed "post-painterly abstraction". Chromatic expression reduced to monochromes and rigid geometrics. Exemplary artist. Mark Rothko (mid-C20). He combined Surrealist automatism with human, animal and plant forms into inventive biomorphs. His compositions are soft, luminous and rectangular. The boundaries between forms and grounds are deliberately hazy. His works evoke a meditative mood. Subsidiary artists: Clyfford Still, Sam Francis, Barnett Newmann, Adolph Gottlieb, Ad Reinhardt.
Color-Field. Simply composed paintings became prevalent. Paintings appeared as unified optical textures and increased in scale. Various shapes were united into dominant islands, zones and boundless fields of intense and homogenous color. Expanses of bright hues produced unbroken "color fields" and did not stress sequential linear detail and formal diversity. The mood is one of mystic quietude. The transition period from action painting to color-field has been termed "post-painterly abstraction". Chromatic expression reduced to monochromes and rigid geometrics. Exemplary artist. Mark Rothko (mid-C20). He combined Surrealist automatism with human, animal and plant forms into inventive biomorphs. His compositions are soft, luminous and rectangular. The boundaries between forms and grounds are deliberately hazy. His works evoke a meditative mood. Subsidiary artists: Clyfford Still, Sam Francis, Barnett Newmann, Adolph Gottlieb, Ad Reinhardt.
Nouns converted from these verbs are even more expressive and colloquial e.g a pin-up (magazine), a walk-up (six-storey houses, no elevator in these). Phonostylistics Phonostylistics studies phonetic features which are at the speaker's writer's disposal to emphasize words or the whole utterance. The phonetic arrangement of the utterance does not exist by itself- it is iseparably connected with the meaning and message. Phonetically we distinguish between prosodic means and what may be termed as orchestration of sounds. Prosodic means Include such phenomena of speech as loudness, diapason (pitch), acceleration or slowing down the tempo, pausation, logical and emphatic stress, intonation contours. In this respect the written text is far from being perfect, much of it can be pronounced differently and therefore understood differently. Loudness The tone of the voice may vary from being cold, sharp, contemptuous to being tender, gay etc. Depends on many factors
From the 1960s, the term was in wide use and could also be applied to isolated incidents or scandals, specifically public smear-campaigns against individuals. The McMartin preschool trial of 1984 to 1990 is another iconic example of a moral panic which saw day care providers accused of what was dubbed "satanic ritual abuse", i.e. the charge ofphysical and sexual child abuse out of an alleged Satanist motivation. The case and the associated media coverage was frequently termed a witch-hunt by commentators. 8
© 2013. Fédération des Traducteurs (fit) Revue Babel All rights reserved Subtitle reading speed417 Hopefully this analysis and comparison of the results generated by commer- cial subtitling software and the new application will shed some light to some of the inconsistencies brought to the fore. Still, it is considered that these divergences are even highlighted by a practice which may be termed as "aggressive spotting" for the subtitles shown, with reading times which, from a personal point of view, seem to be sometimes too short. 5. Potential uses of the new tool This macro is currently being used in an intensive way to obtain reading speed fig- ures for large series of commercial subtitles. Even thousands of them can be ana- lyzed with a reasonable amount of time and effort, and some results for several case
süsteeme nimetada hägusateks ekspertsüsteemideks. Paljude protsesside puhul on käitumise monitoorimine ja andmete jooksev salvestamine tavaline tegevus. Kui see ka pole nii, on võimalik sooritada spetsiaalseid eksperimente vajalike andmete hankimiseks. Hägusa süsteemi konstrueerimine andmete baasil eeldab vastava algoritmi olemasolu. Nimetatakse hägusaks identifitseerimiseks. The acquisition or tuning of fuzzy systems by means of data is usually termed fuzzy identification. Eelnevas võib täheldada teatud sarnasust klassikalise modelleerimisega. Teadmuspõhine meetod on mõnes mõttes analoogiline esimese printsiibi modelleerimisele ning hägus identifitseerimine kuulub ühte gruppi süsteemide identifitseerimiseks kasutatavate statistiliste meetoditega. Klassikalises modelleerimises on võrdlemisi tihti kasutusel kombineeritud lähenemine, kus füüsikaseaduste baasil konstrueeritakse üldised
suurust muuta). A CD disk contains a long string of pits written helically on the disk. The edges of the pits correspond to bina "1"s. Iga pit on umbes 0.5 mikron Each pit is approximately 0.5 microns wide and 0.83 microns to 3.56 microns lon (Remember that the wavelength of green light is approximately 0.5 micron) Each track is separated from the next track by 1.6 microns. The area between the pits is termed "land". So, a highly magnified section of track might look something like: Pits are formed in the polycarbonate disk by an injection molding process. As such, they represent some of the smallest mechanically fabricated objects made by humans. The width of a CD pit is approximately the wavelength of green light. The tracks are separated by approximately three times the wavelength of green ligh
e. a GUI). A software product possesses the characteristic reliability to the extent that it can be expected to perform its intended functions satisfactorily. This implies a time factor in that a reliable product is expected to perform correctly over a period of time. It also encompasses environmental considerations in that the product is required to perform correctly in whichever conditions it finds itself - this is sometimes termed robustness. A software product possesses Structuredness to the extent that it possesses a definite pattern of organisation in its constituent parts. A software product written in a block-structured language such as Pascal will satisfy this characteristic. A software product possesses the characteristic efficiency to the extent that it fulfills its purpose without waste of resources. This means resources in the sense of memory utilisation and processor speed.
three, four or more cells can be maintained by one phone at the same time. When a call is in a state of soft handover, the signal of the best of all used channels can be used for the call at a given moment or all the signals can be combined to produce a clearer copy of the signal. The latter is more advantageous, and when such combining is performed both in the downlink (forward link) and the uplink (reverse link) the handover is termed as softer. Softer handovers are possible when the cells involved in the handovers have a single cell site. (umts – 3g, gsm – 2g) UMTS-is: Soft Handover – samaaegne, ühendus mitme kärjega Softer Handover – samaaegne, ühendus mitme sektoriga samas kärjes Inter-BSC kärjevahetusel on erinevatel kärgedel teenindav erinev BSC ja need erinevad BSC-d kuuluvad sama MSC alla. MSC sisene kärjevahetus või ühtlasi olla ka sama BSC alla kuuluvate kärgede vahel.
forecast driven rather than demand driven. In other words decisions on production and distribution are based upon forecasts or orders (which 25 themselves do not necessarily reflect demand but rather tend to be based on arbitrary 'rules' such as re-order points and re-order quantities). The point to which real demand penetrates upstream in a supply chain is termed the decoupling point. These decoupling points also tend to dictate the form in which inventory is held. Thus in the uppermost example in Figure 2 demand penetrates right to the point of manufacture and inventory is probably held in the form of components or materials. In the lower example demand is only visible at the end of the chain; hence inventory will be in the form of finished product. Ideally, information from the marketplace should flow as far upstream
Cinnamon Fawn UK: Fawn-based Caramel These colours will naturally look a little different on Burmese (due to the sepia gene), Tonkinese (mink gene) and cats with the silver Inhibitor gene. For clarity, this article will ignore those additional genes and just look at the eumelanin (black) series of colours. An additional type of recessively carried brown colour has been reported in laboratory cats, but not in the outside world. Termed "Barrington Brown", a cat with two copies of this gene had black pigment diluted as shown below. Because it hasn't (yet) been seen in the cat fancy, this gene is enigmatic to many fanciers. Some have suggested it is the same as caramel (dilute modifier), however some reports indicate cats with 2 copies of the Barrington Brown gene were different in colour from cats with only one copy of the gene (which seems odd since the gene is recessive and cats with
for action sped by and away. From all indications, we will be relying on these stereotypes to an even greater extent in the future. As the stimuli saturating our lives continue to grow more intricate and variable, we will have to depend increas- ingly on our shortcuts to handle them al1.4 Psychologists have recently uncovered a number of mental shortcuts that we employ in making our everyday judgments (Kahneman, Slovic, ~ Tversky, 1982; Todd ~ Gigerenzer, 2007). Termed judgmental heuristics, these shortcuts operate in much the same fashion as the expensive = good rule, allowing for simplified think- ing that works well most of the time but leaves us open to occasional, costly mis- takes. Especially relevant to this book are those heuristics that tell us when to believe or do what we are told. Consider, for example, the shortcut rule that goes, "If an expert said so, it must be true." As we will see in Chapter 6, there is an
e. the good of every particular member of that society, as far as by common rules it can be provided for; the sword is not given the magistrate for his own good alone. Children therefore, as has been shewed, by the dependance they have on their parents for subsistence, have a right of inheritance to their fathers property, as that which belongs to them for their proper good and behoof, and therefore are fitly termed goods, wherein the first-born has not a sole or peculiar right by any law of God and nature, the younger children having an equal title with him, founded on that right they all have to maintenance, support, and comfort from their parents, and on nothing else. But government being for the benefit of the governed, and not the sole advantage of the governors, (but only for their's with the rest, as they make a part of that politic body, each of
teins). They are also important in the contrac- guination. Thus the organization, structure, tile process. These proteins primarily are and metabolism of the muscle are key to its associated with the contractile organelles, the function and to the maintenance of its integ- myofibril, and are thus termed myofibrillar rity both during contraction and during the proteins. In general, the myofibrillar proteins early postmortem period. Ultimately, these are not soluble at low ionic strengths found postmortem changes will influence the suit- in skeletal muscle (ionic strength ≤0.15), but ability of meat for further processing.
1975 Paul Allen meets with Ed Roberts to demonstrate the newly written BASIC interpreter for the Altair. Despite never having touched an Altair before, the BASIC works flawlessly. Bill Gates and Paul Allen license their newly written BASIC to MITS, their first customer. This is the first computer language program written for a personal computer. The Xerox PARC-developed Gypsy word-processing system is first field-tested by end-users. Gypsy is one of the first word processors termed "WYSIWYG", meaning what you see is what you get. Gypsy runs on the PARC-developed Alto personal computer. Fred Moore and Gordon French hold the first meeting of a new microcomputer hobbyist's club in French's garage, in Menlo Park, California. 32 people meet, including Bob Albrect, Steve Dompier, Lee Felsenstein, Bob Marsh, Tom Pittman, Marty Spergel, Alan Baum, and Steven Wozniak. Bob Albrect shows off an Altair, and Steve Dompier reports on MITS, and how they
smile. Never had his wit been directed in a manner so little agreeable to her. "Are you not diverted?" "Oh! yes. Pray read on." "'After mentioning the likelihood of this marriage to her ladyship last night, she immediately, with her usual condescension, expressed what she felt on the occasion; when it became apparent, that on the score of some family objections on the part of my cousin, she would never give her consent to what she termed so disgraceful a match. I thought it my duty to give the speediest intelligence of this to my cousin, that she and her noble admirer may be aware of what they are about, and not run hastily into a marriage which has not been properly sanctioned.' Mr. Collins moreover adds, 'I am truly rejoiced that my cousin Lydia's sad business has been so well hushed up, and am only concerned that their living together before the marriage took place should be so generally known. I must not, however, neglect
he O r d i n a r y W o r l d o f m o s t h e r o e s is a s t a t i c but unstable condition. T h e seeds of change and growth are planted, a n d it takes only a little new energy to g e r m i nate them. T h a t new energy, s y m b o l i z e d in countless ways in myths a n d fairy tales, is what Joseph C a m p b e l l termed the C a l l to A d v e n t u r e . Trouble shadows the Home Tribe. You hear its call, in the grumbling of our stomachs and the cries of our hungry children. The land for miles around is tapped out and barren and clearly someone must go out beyond thefamiliar territory. That unknown land is strange andfills us with fear, but pressure mounts to do something, to take some risks, so that life can continue.
systems. Human coding transmutes words, syllables, and sounds (as in Pig Latin)—the linguistic elements of speech —into secret forms and so parallels code. Both ciphers and scramblers, on the other hand, work upon particles of a text cut up without regard to linguistic functions. From this analogy, scrambler methods of modifying speech are called "ciphony" (from "cipher" plus "telephony"). The field of secret voice communication as a whole may be termed "cryptophony." Though it was only in World War II that scramblers came into widespread use, and only in that war that serious attempts began to be made to solve scrambled speech, devices to assure telephonic secrecy had been in existence almost as long as the telephone itself. The granddaddy of these was patented on December 20, 1881, only five years after Bell obtained his patent on the telephone. Its inventor, 25-year-old
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