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The Tower of London (0)

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The Tower in the Middle Ages
The Tower of London, that formidable symbol of England 's national heritage, served as a royal residence as well as a prison in the medieval period . The monarch traditionally spent the night at the Tower prior to his or her coronation ceremony at Westminster Abbey . It has been the stage on which much of England's dramatic but often sad and bloody saga of royal history has been played out.

The founding of the Tower

The Tower of London was founded by King William the Conqueror. After his coronation on Christmas Day, 1066, William hastily ordered the erection of a wooden fortress between the Thames and the ancient Roman wall which then surrounded London.
William began the building of what is now termed as the White Tower ten years later . A rectangular stone keep of Caen stone, designed as an impregnable fortress and as an impressive and awesome demonstration of his power to the Londoners. With ramparts which were fifteen feet thick at the base and walls soaring ninety feet high, the dominating shadow of the Tower loomed forebodingly over the huddled wooden buildings of medieval London, a visible expression of Norman power.
The White Tower consisted of three storeys and contains the austere Norman Chapel of St. John, which remains one of the best preserved examples of a Norman chapel in England. The present castle, now covering eighteen acres evolved around the Conqueror's keep, being added to by successive generations.
The Tower of London in The 20th Century
During the First World War eleven German spies were shot by firing squad in the Tower of London. Only one bomb was dropped on the Tower during that war and fortunately it fell on the moat.
During the Second World War the Tower of London was closed to the public and the crown jewels were removed to a safer location . During the war the Tower suffered bomb damage and two 19th century buildings were destroyed. Part of the Old Hospital Block was also destroyed.
Meanwhile Rudolf Hess the Deputy Fuhrer flew to Scotland in May 1941 and was imprisoned in the Tower. However only one German was actually shot in the Tower during World War II. He was a man named Josef Jakobs and he was executed in August 1941.
Today the Tower of London is one of London's main tourist attractions.
The Tower of London #1
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The Tower in the Middle Ages ,The founding of the Tower,The Tower of London in The 20th Century.

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