Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "Past Tenses". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
minevik, shop, reading, asked, asking, continuous, perfect, enneminevik, tegusõna, before, since, tenses, secondary, class, simple, lihtminevik, went, yesterday, night, year, wasn, while, morning, põhivorm, alreadyPast tenses /mineviku ajad/ 1. Past Simple /lihtminevik/ Formation/moodustamine: -- Kõikides pööretes/isikutes tegusõna II põhivorm, mis reeglina lõpeb mineviku tunnusega ed (like liked (hääldub [laikt]); hate hated [heitid]). Ebareeglipäraste sõnade puhul tuleb kasutada II põhivormi (vt. irregular verbs; ebareeglipäraste verbide tabel; näit. write wrote; run ran; buy bought jne.) - Küsimuste ja eitava vormi moodustamisel tuleb tegusõna panna algvormi; aga lisatakse mineviku abisõna did (Did you like the film? She did not (didn't) read the newspaper. When did you come home?) Jaatav Eitav Küsiv (kas-küsimus) I liked (went) I did not (didn't) like/go Did I go? (Läksin ma?) You liked (wento) You did not (didn't) like/go Did you like/go?
They are building a new bridge in our town. 2. Changes happening around now. The population of the world is increasing fast. 3. Arrangements for the future. I am flying to Toronto next Friday. Negative form: We aren't (are not) working at the moment. I am not enjoying this show very much. Question form: Are they playing football in the park right now?Why is she laughing? Signal words: at the moment, now, right now, Listen!, Look! etc. PRESENT PERFECT (täisminevik) Form: have/has + past participle (3. põhivorm) Use: 1. An action in the past, where the fact, not the time, is important. I have been to England four times. 2. An action in the past that has a result now. She has lost her keys. 3. Something that began in the past and still continues now. He has been in hospital since Monday. Negative form: We haven't (have not) done our homework yet. He hasn't (has not) visited his granny since August.
INGLISE KEEL Sisukord Sisukord 2 Ajavormid Tense vorms 3 Lihtolevik The present simple 3 Lihtminevik The past simple 3 Lihttulevik The future simple 3 Kestev olevik The present continuous 3 Kestev minevik The past continuous 4 Kestev tulevik The future conrinuous 4 Täisminevik The present perfect 4 Enneminevik The past perfect 4 Ennetulevik Future perfect 5 Üldminevik Past tense 5 Üldtulevik Future indefinite 5 Artiklid ja eessõnad 7 Eessõnad 7 Kesksõnad 8
.........................................................................................3 Lihtolevik The present simple..................................................................................... 3 Lihtminevik The past simple....................................................................................... 3 Lihttulevik The future simple...................................................................................... 3 Kestev olevik The present continuous......................................................................... 3 Kestev minevik The past continuous........................................................................... 4 Kestev tulevik The future conrinuous..........................................................................4 Täisminevik The present perfect..................................................................................4 Enneminevik The past perfect.........................
I see that man who you are pointing at. · Üldist, kogu aeg toimuvat või korduvat tegevust, pole oluline, kas tegevus toimub rääkimise hetkel. Teachers teach in schools. He usually goes to gym on Monday. · Tegevust mingil ajal. I go to school at 8 o´clock. You have to pay taxes once a month. · Kõigile tuntud fakte. Life passes by quickly. Present Continuous Kestva oleviku moodustamine Jaatav vorm Eitav vorm Küsiv vorm I am speaking I am not speaking Am I speaking? He/she/it is going He/she/it is not going Is he/she/it going? We/you/they are making We/you/they are not making Are we/you/they making? NB! ERANDID!
Past Simple (lihtminevik) -ed / II pv. Kasutus: Ago, yesterday, last. ?/- Did Tegevus: 1. Toimus minevikus ja on lõppenud. ,,I met him yesterday" 2. Used To, mineviku harjumused. ,,I used to play tennis." Past Continius (kestev minevik) was/were + ing Kasutus: When, while, as Tegevus: 1. ajutised sündmused. 2. 2 või enam tegevust ,,While i was reading, he was garding." 3. minevikus katkestatud tegevus ,,I was having a shower, when the phone rang." 4. konktreetne kellaaeg minevikus ,, I was watching TV yesterday at 5!" Present Perfect (täisminevik,olevikuaeg) have/has + III pv. Kasutus: Never, ever, already, yet, before, since, for. Tegevus: 1. tegevused alg. Minevik -> now ,,I have been a teacher for 5 years." 2. mineviku situatsiooni resultaat olevikus ,,I have lost my purse." 3
A – AN - THE Time Expressions • we don't use an article: at night, at noon, every We don't usually use an article week, every day, every night, last morning, last • to talk about things in general. • before the names of countries, cities, towns and villages. week, all night, all day, tomorrow, yesterday,... • with plural nouns and uncountable nouns when talking about them • use the with in the morning, in the afternoon, generally. during the night, the winter, the summer, the day Examples: She has got long hair
always often She goes to school. ! Who goes to school? sometimes usually once a week Past Simple II / -ed did not + I 1) Did they go to the shop? yesterday (Lihtminevik: Ma käisin) 2) What did you buy? every week (month, year) ex: You went to school. ex: You did not go to school. ! Who went to the shop? ago Future Simple will + I ( I,we} shall+I ) will not + I (I,we} shall 1) Will he go to the tomorrow soon
PRESENT PRESENT PRESENT PRESENT PAST SIMPLE PAST PAST PERFECT PAST PERFECT SIMPLE CONTINIOUS PERFECT PERFECT CONTINUOUS SIMPLE CONTINUOUS SIMPLE CONTINUOUS Lihtolevik Kestev olevik Täisminevik Kestev Lihtminevik Kestev minevik Enneminevik Kestev täisminevik enneminevik I pv Am/is/are, I pv, Has/have, III Has/have, II pv, -ed Was/were, -ing Had, III pv Had, been, -ing -ing pv/-ed been, -ing
Past Simple Yesterday, last year, II pv(-ed)+ did Was/ were + III pv Had/got + sth + III pv Lihtminevik last week Present Am/is/are + Am/ is/ are + being + Am/ is/are + have/get At the moment, this Continuous I pv + -ing III pv + -ing + sth + III pv week, now Kestev olevik Past Continuous Was/were + Was/were + being + III Was/were + have/get + Last night at 8 p.m. Kestev minevik I pv + -ing pv -ing + sth + III pv
(=perceive with my eyes) I´m seeing my doctor tomorrow. (=am meeting) He has a car (=possesses). He´s having lunch now. (=is eating) Ajamäärused usually, sometimes, always, rarely, seldom, never, often, (lauses enne põhiverbi või peale verbi be, abitegusõnu või modaale Susan often goes skiing. Kim is sometimes rude to people. You can always call me if you need help.), every day/week/month/year, on Mondays, in the morning/evening, at the weekend etc. 2. Present Continuous (kestev olevik) am (I) he is working is (he, she, it) I ing he is not working are (we you, they) is he working? -ing lõpu lisamisel jäetakse tüve lõpus olev tumm e ära write writing (aga: see-seeing) Verbidel, mille lõpus on üksik rõhuline vokaal 2 konsonandi vahel, -ing lõpu lisamisel tüve lõppkonsonant kahekordistub
FUTURE SIMPLE BE GOING TO Will + infinitive (will go) Am/is/are going to + infinitive (is going to rain) 1.A decision at the moment of 1.Future plans made before the speaking: moment of speaking: A: 'I'm cold'. A: 'We've run out of milk.' B: 'I'll close the window'. B: 'I know, I'm going to buy some.' 2.Prediction based on opinion: 2.Prediction based on present I think the Conservatives will win the evidence: next election. Look at those boys playing football! 3
PRESENT SIMPLE [s] lihtolevik · kestvad tegevused. Tom works in the market. · rutiinid. He works every day. · loodusseadused. The sun sets in the west. · ajatabelid ja programmid. The buss leaves at 7 am. · (spordi) kommentaarid. Ben passes ball to Tom. väljendid, mida kasutatakse: usually, often, always, every day/week etc, in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night/the weekend, on Friday etc. He works He don't work Does he work PRESENT CONTINUOUS [ is + ing] kestev olevik · tegevused, mis praegu leiavad aset. Karl is doing his homework at the moment. · plaanitud tegevus lähitulevikus. I am going to school tomorrow. · kui midagi toimub/muutub praegu. The number of burglaries is increasing. · alati sama korduv tegevus. You are always eating, when i wake up. väljendid, mida kasutatakse: now, at the moment, at present, these days, nowdays, still, today, tonight etc. He is working He isn't working Is he working
.) · Repeated and habitual actions, routines (She usually goes..) · Laws of nature and general truths (The sun sets in the west) · Timetables and programmes · Sporting commentaries, rewiews (Beckham wins the ball, crosses and Owen scores) · Feelings and emotions (I love Tallinn..) TIME EXPRESSIONS USED WITH PRESENT SIMPLE: usually, often, always, every day/week etc, in the morning/evening etc, at night/the weekend, on Fridays etc. Present Continuous · Actions taking place at or arount the moment of speaking (The kids are watching TV..) · Fixed arrangements in the near future (I'm going to the dentist tomorrow) · Currently changing ang developing situations (The number of burgularies is increasing) · With ,,Always" to express anger or irritation at a repeated action (You're always forgetting..) TIME EXPRESSIONS USED WITH PRESENT CONTINUOUS: now, at the moment, at present, these days, nowadays, still,
SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT I (-s) DO/DOES AM/IS/ARE + ING HAVE/HAS + III pv. I learn English I am learning English I have learned English. I get up at 7 every day. I'm reading a good book at the I've learned 10 words today. He doesn't get up at 7. moment. He hasn't learned any new What time do you get up? He isn't reading anything at the words today. moment. How many words have you What are you reading at the learned today? moment? 1 Korduv tegevus. 1 Praegu toimuv. 1 Äsja lõppenud 2 Püsiv olukord. 2 Praeguse perioodi vältel 2 Täna/sel nädalal toimunud 3 Tulevikus toimuv, seotud toimuv
1. Active/Passive Active - the professor teaches the students. Passive - The students are taught by the professor 2. Present Simple [VERB] + s/es in third person. Tegevus on korduv või tavapärane. You speak English. I play tennis. Cats like milk. The train leaves tonight at 6 PM. I am here now. Active= Once a week, Tom cleans the car. Passive= Once a week, the car is cleaned by Tom. 3. Present Continuous [am/is/are + present participle]. Tegevus toimub/ei toimu praegusel hetkel. You are watching TV. You are learning English now. I am studying to become a doctor. I am meeting some friends after work. Active= Right now, Tom is writing the letter. Passive= Right now, the letter is being written by Tom. 4. Past Simple [VERB+ed] or irregular verbs. Tegevus algas/lõppes minevikus täpsel ajal. . You called Debbie. I saw a movie yesterday. I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a
Present Simple I Make Do not make Do I make? (lihtolevik) He/she/it Speaks Does not speak Does they go? We/you/they Do not go Do not go Present Continuous I am speaking Am not speaking Am I speaking? (kestev olevik) He/she/it is going Is not going Is he going? We/you/they are making Are not making Are you making? Present Perfect I Have asked Have not asked Have I asked? (täisminevik) He/she/it Has gone Has not gone Has she gone?
· Cats like milk. still, just, etc. · Birds do not like milk. · Do pigs like milk? Examples: · California is in America. · California is not in the United Kingdom. · You only speak English. · Windows are made of glass. · Do you only speak English? I am not reading any books right now. Present Continuous · · Are you working on any special projects at work? [am/is/are + present participle] · Aren't you teaching at the university now? Examples: USE 3 Near Future · You are watching TV. · Are you watching TV? · You are not watching TV.
Wednesdays. · Üldine, tavapärane tegevus; loodusseadused / füüsika etc. reeglid: I usually DO NOT WORK in summer. She DOES NOT WORK at night. Magnet ATTRACTS iron. · !!! Spordikommentarid: ... and now he PASSES the ball ... and off he GOES towards the goal... · 1pv (+s/es Å he/she/it); ? DO(ES)+ 1pv ; - DO(ES) not + 1pv Aari Juhanson, MA 2008 Present Progressive · Hetkel toimuv, pooleliolev tegevus: S/he IS TALKing on the phone now. I AM READing an interesting book. · Ajutine, regulaarsele ja tavapärasele vastanduv tegevus (tulevikku viitav): This summer they ARE not GROWing cucumbers as usual. They'RE GROWing tomatoes instead. · !!! Halvakspanu väljendus harjumuspärase tegevuse kohta: He IS always COMPLAINing! · BE (am/is/are) + 1pv-ing Aari Juhanson, MA 2008 Present Perfect ON -NUD · Toimunud tegevus, seos olevikuga: I have WORKed here for 3 years.
Past Tenses • Lihtminevik (Past Simple / Past Indefinite) – ära toimunud, lõpetatud tegevus • Kestev minevik (Past Progressive / Past Continuous) – minevikus pooleli olnud tegevus • Enneminevik !!! (Past Perfect) – minevik enne minevikku OLI -NUD • Kestev enneminevik (Past Perfect Progressive) – enne minevikku äsja lõppenud või toimumas olnud tegevus Created by Aari Juhanson, MA 2009 Past Simple • Ära toimunud (regulaarne) tegevus: I WORKED yesterday. S/he didn’t WORK last Monday. • Lõpetatud tegevus: I already CALLED them today. (I’m not going to call again!) Which countries did you VISIT? (You’re back …) BUT: Which countries have you VISITED so far? (You’re not back yet
· actions taking place one after another teineteisele järgnevad · last year tegevused · action taking place in the middle of another action tegevus, mis toimub mingi teise tegevuse keskel. Past Continuous A: He was speaking. · when N: He was not speaking. · action going on at a certain time in · while Kestev minevik Q: Was he speaking? the past tegevus toimus mingil kindlal ajaperioodil minevikus · as long as
· action going on at a certain when, while Continuous N: He was not time in the past yesterday at 5 speaking. Q: Was he speaking? · actions taking place at the same time · action in the past that is interrupted by another action Present Perfect A: He has spoken. · putting emphasis on the already, ever, N: He has not spoken. result just, never, not Q: Has he spoken? yet, so far, till · action that is still going on now, up to now · action that stopped recently
REPORTED SPEECH Jutustav lause olevikus Present Simple ---> Past Simple Present Continuous ----> Past Continuous Ann said ,,I am reading a book Ann said (that) she was reading a book Palved to + algvorm Tom said to me, ,,Find me her number, please!" Tom asked me to find him her number. Kelsie said to Lisa ,,Don't argue with me!" Kelsie told Lisa not to argue with her. Jutustav lause minevikus Past Simple --> Past Perfect (had + 3.pv) Present Perfect --> Past Perfect Past Continuous ---> had + been + ing Lynn said ,,I went to the cinema last night." Lynn said (that) she had gone to the cinema the night before. Ed said ,,I have finished the exercise."
teine tegevus tuli sisse: Laused, milles on järgmisi sõnu: He was walking down the street yesterday, then, when, How long when he ran into an old friend. ago ...?, last night/week/month/ /year, Tuesday, three days/years P.S. ago, in 1999. now . P.C. mine (9. klassi seisuga) Present Perfect Past Perfect (täisminevik) (enneminevik) have III vorm - had III vorm played - reeglipärane played - reeglipärane has written - ebareeglipärane written - ebareeglipärane have not III vorm had not III vorm
teine tegevus tuli sisse: Laused, milles on järgmisi sõnu: He was walking down the street yesterday, then, when, How long when he ran into an old friend. ago ...?, last night/week/month/ /year, Tuesday, three days/years P.S. ago, in 1999. now . P.C. mine (9. klassi seisuga) Present Perfect Past Perfect (täisminevik) (enneminevik) have III vorm - had III vorm played - reeglipärane played - reeglipärane has written - ebareeglipärane written - ebareeglipärane have not III vorm had not III vorm
teine tegevus tuli sisse: Laused, milles on järgmisi sõnu: He was walking down the street yesterday, then, when, How long when he ran into an old friend. ago ...?, last night/week/month/ /year, Tuesday, three days/years P.S. ago, in 1999. now . P.C. mine (9. klassi seisuga) Present Perfect Past Perfect (täisminevik) (enneminevik) have III vorm - had III vorm played - reeglipärane played - reeglipärane has written - ebareeglipärane written - ebareeglipärane have not III vorm had not III vorm
PAST TENSES Past Simple Used to talk about a completed past action which happened at a completed time in the past. We went to Tallinn yesterday. I saw him a long time ago. We met last week. Used to talk about a series of events that happened one after another. He walked to school, took off his coat, went to class and fell asleep. Used to report what people said. He said that he was tired. He asked to go home. Used after "It's time" (even though we're talking about now) It's time we talked about the past (now). After "I'd rather" (even though we're talking about now) I'd rather you drove (now). (But "I'd rather drive" if talking about yourself) After "I wish" (even though we're talking about now) I wish I had a million dollars (now). After "If only" (even talking though we're talking about now= If only I had an apple (now). Past Continuous
Completed actions or events, which happened at a stated past time. E.g. I went to the cinema last night. Past habits or states. E.g. my grandfather always wore a hat. Complete actions not connected to the present with a stated or implied time reference. E.g. Beethoven created wonderful classical pieces. Time expressions used with Past Simple: yesterday, last week/month etc, ago, then, just, now, when, in 1991, etc Past continuous is used for: Actions in the middle of happening at a stated past time. E.g. She was flying to Paris this time last Monday. A past action in progress interrupted by another past action. The longer action is in the Past Continuous, the shorter action is in the past Simple. E.g. I was watching television when my mother came home. Two or more simultaneous past actions of certain duration. E.g. I was reading while my brother was listening to music.
Was Born Traveled to Europe Husband 1978 School graduates @ Oxford 1999 Started Got married School 1983 2008 2 The Six English Verb Tenses Three Simple Tenses Simple continuous Present You walk. You are walking I run. I am running. Past You Walked You were walking. I ran. I was running. Future You will walk. You will be walking. I will run. I will be running. Three Perfect Tenses Perfect continuous Present perfect you have walked. You have been walking. I have run
Present tenses : 1) Present simple regular actions and routines especially with frequency(kordumine ) adverbs(määrsõna) N: Do you go to school by car every day ? I don't often watch TV. 2)Present continuousbe + verb + ing. Actions happening now N; Look! It's snowing. I'm meeting Jane tonight. You're always losing things. 3)keep + ingto describe habitual actions which may be irritating. N: my uncle keeps making silly jokes. Present perfect: 1) Present perfect simple: have/has + past participle. N: I've been here for ten minutes .The phone has rung ten times today. Look at this cheque,'I've won first prize. They have made a new star wars film. I've just got home. How long have you been here ? Have you ever been to Paris? It's the best book I've ever read. It's the first time I have ever been abroad. 2)Present perfect continious : have/has + been + ing. N:I've been living in this flat since 2000
If we report what another person has said, we usually do not use the speaker's exact words (direct speech), but reported (indirect) speech. Therefore, you need to learn how to transform direct speech into reported speech. We use reported speech when we are saying what other people say, think or believe. - Example: If this verb is in the present tense (says), it's easy. We just put 'she says' and then the sentence. When we are reporting things in the present, future or present perfect we don't change the tense. : direct speech: "I like ice cream" reported speech: She says she likes ice cream - But, if the reporting verb is in the past tense (said), then usually we change the tenses in the reported speech: direct speech: "I like ice cream" reported speech: She said she liked ice cream. ......... · When there are Changing tenses: present changes to past:::: am/is --- was are -- were want/like/know/go etc --- wanted/liked/knew/went etc do/does --- did have/has had
arranged action in the near Look! Listen! future. 5. Past Progressive Kestev minevik Was, were + I ajavorm + -ing Was, wasn't, were, weren't An ongoing activity in the past, At 7 yesterday, when (she background descriptions. came home), while, as. 6.a. Present Perfect Simple Täisminevik Have, has + III ajavorm Have, haven't, has, hasn't When the activity, which Just, never, today, this
1. plans and intentions 2.predictions based on what we see or know I am going to pass the Going to exam. Present Perfect Have/has + III/ed 1. actions which happened at an unsteated time in the past, action is For, since, just, already, yet, I have been achef for more important than the time lately, recently, so far, ever two years 2. actions which started in the past and are stillcontinuing in the present
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