põhivorm ?(küsiv) do(does) + 1.põhivorm I do You do He, She, It does We do You do They do Do, Does = abitegusõnad. Abitegusõna Do, Does kasutatakse ainult eitavas ja küsilauses. 1) 3.pöördes lisatakse lõppu es, kui sõna lõpus on tähed ss,-sh,-ch,-x,-o nt: he does , he goes , he misses , he watches , he mixes . 2) 3.pöördes y -> muutub -> ies, kui y ees on kaashäälik nt: study studies 3) 3.pöördes y -> ys , kui y ees on täishäälik. Present Simple Lihtolevik väljendab: 1. Korduvat tegevust! 2. Püsivat olukorda! 3. Sõiduplaanide ja ajagraafikutega seotud tulevikku! 4. Tegevust mingil ajal! 5. Kõigile tuntud fakte! SPIKKERSÕNAD: 1) always - alati,2) sometimes vahepeal,3) seldom harva,4) usually tavaliselt, 5) often tihti,6) once a week kord nädalas,7) twice a day kakskorda päevas, 8) three times a month kolm korda kuus,9) every day igapäev.
The Present Simple Lihtolevik Moodustamine: Jaatav lause Eitav lause Ksiv lause I pv DO + not + I pv Do + I pv I pv + (e)s -3. pre ainsus DOES + not + I pv Does + I pv I work hard every day. I do not work hard every day. Do I work hard every day? You work hard every day. You do not work hard every day. Do you work hard every day? He/she/It works hard every day. He/She/It does not work hard every day. Does he/she/it work hard every day? We work hard every day. We do not work hard every day. Do we work hard every day? You work hard every day. You do not work hard every day. Do you work hard every day? They work hard every day. They do not work hard every day. Do they work hard every day? NB! Lihtoleviku moodustamisel kasutatakse tegusna ma-tegevusnime vormi, millele ainsuse 3
Lihtoleviku moodustamine Jaatav vorm Eitav vorm Küsiv vorm I make I do not make Do I make? He/she/it speaks He/she/it does not speak Does he/she/it speak? Do We/you/they go We/you/they do not go go? we/you/they NB! ERANDID!
INGLISE KEELE GRAMMATIKA Present Simple Lihtoleviku moodustamine Jaatav vorm Eitav vorm Küsiv vorm I make I do not make Do I make? He/she/it speaks He/she/it does not speak Does he/she/it speak? We/you/they go We/you/they do not go Do we/you/they go? NB! ERANDID! · Verbidele, mis lõpevad ss, h, ch, tch, x või oga, lisatakse ainsuse kolmdandas pöördes es. he does he goes he misses
TENSES. ACTIVE VOICE. 1. Present Simple (üldolevik) I (he, she, it s) he works Eitav,küsiv do (I, you, we, they) he does not work does (he, she, it) does he work? Verbidele, mis lõpevad infinitiivis ss, -sh, -ch, -x või o, lisatakse ainsuse 3. pöördes es he touches, she goes Verbidel, mis lõpevad y-ga, mille ees on konsonant, muutub y->ies carry - he carries Vrdl: play he plays 1. Harjumuspärane, korduv tegevus või seisund olevikus. Tom drinks tea every day. He lives in Brussels. 2. Üldtuntud tõed, loodusseadused The earth goes round the sun. 3. Tulevikus toimuv tegevus
Grammar Present Simple (Lihtolevik) and Present Continuous (Kestev olevik) PRESENT SIMPLE - LIHTOLEVIK Lihtolevik väljendab: 1) Harjumuspärast tegevust või seisundit olevikus. What time do you usually get up? 2) Üldtuntud tõdesid ja fakte. It always rains in October. 3) Oskusi ja võimeid. She speaks English well. Juhul kui tegusõna lõpeb häälikuga `s` või ühenditega sh`, `ch`, lisatakse ainsuse kolmandas pöördes tegusõna lõppu ` ES` (switch switches). Täpselt sama reegel kehtib tegusõnade kohta, mis lõpevad häälikuga `o` (go goes).
Present Simple and Continuous Table of Contents Present Simple ..................................................................... 2 The spelling of endings in the Present Simple ....................... 2 When to use the Present Simple ........................................... 3 The verb 'be' ......................................................................... 4 Present Continuous.............................................................. 5 The spelling of endings in the Present Continuous................ 5 When to use the Present Continuous.................................... 6 State verbs and event (action or dynamic) verbs ................... 7 Present Simple
TEGUSÕNA Tegusõna BE pööramine (olevik) 69 Tegusõna BE pööramine (minevik) 70 HAVE GOT pööramine 71 Üldolevik 73 Üldminevik Jaatav lause - reeglipärased tegusõnad 74 Jaatav lause - ebareeglipärased tegusõnad 75 Eitav ja küsiv lause 77 USED TO 78 LISTEN & REPEAT REPEAT 59 Lk. Üldtulevik 78 Kestev olevik 80 Kestev minevik 82 Täisminevik 83
Will + infinitive (will go) Am/is/are going to + infinitive (is going to rain) 1.A decision at the moment of 1.Future plans made before the speaking: moment of speaking: A: 'I'm cold'. A: 'We've run out of milk.' B: 'I'll close the window'. B: 'I know, I'm going to buy some.' 2.Prediction based on opinion: 2.Prediction based on present I think the Conservatives will win the evidence: next election. Look at those boys playing football! 3.A future fact: They're going to break the window. He will be ten next year. 4.Promises / requests / refusal / willingness: I'll help you with your homework. Will you give me a hand? 5.In the same way as the future continuous, but with state verbs: I'll be at the station when you arrive. 'Shall' is used mainly in the forms 'shall I
INGLISE KEEL Sisukord Sisukord.................................................................................................................................. 2 Ajavormid Tense vorms.......................................................................................................3 Lihtolevik The present simple..................................................................................... 3 Lihtminevik The past simple....................................................................................... 3 Lihttulevik The future simple...................................................................................... 3 Kestev olevik The present continuous......................................................................... 3 Kestev minevik The past continuous
INGLISE KEEL Sisukord Sisukord 2 Ajavormid Tense vorms 3 Lihtolevik The present simple 3 Lihtminevik The past simple 3 Lihttulevik The future simple 3 Kestev olevik The present continuous 3 Kestev minevik The past continuous 4 Kestev tulevik The future conrinuous 4 Täisminevik The present perfect 4 Enneminevik The past perfect 4 Ennetulevik Future perfect 5 Üldminevik Past tense 5 Üldtulevik Future indefinite 5 Artiklid ja eessõnad 7
on Christmas Day (but at Christmas) We use at in these expressions: at night - at Christmas - at the moment / at present - at the same time - at weekends - at the age of... IN DURING
Here's a breakdown of how you can express how you really are without complaining too much. · Fine, thanks. / On top of the world, thanks. · OK, thanks · Not so bad, thanks. / Can't complain, thanks. · So so, thanks. / So and so, thanks. · Not so good, actually 1 The English alphabet Spelling Work with your partner and spell out first your name and then some names of places. Write down each letter as you hear it, and then say the word. The English alphabet on the phone: You might find the following alphabet (used by international airlines) useful when trying to spell a word on the telephone. A Alpha O Oscar Ä Alpha-Echo Ö Oscar-Echo B Bravo P Papa
you are, they are. He is jane he/she/it isn't Is he/she/it German? No I'm not, you aren't, he/she/it isn't, we aren't, She is marta we aren't are we German? you aren't, they aren't. It is a school. you aren't are you German? We are students they aren't are they German? You are in class 12 They are teachers Unit 2 / present simple + - ? yes- I do, you do, he/she/it does. I work I don't work Do I work no I don't, you don't, he/she/it doesn't You work you don't work do you work? He/she it works he/she/it doesn't works does he/she/it work We work we don't work do we work
Present Simple · Korduv, regulaarne tegevus: I WORK every day / each Monday / only on Wednesdays. · Üldine, tavapärane tegevus; loodusseadused / füüsika etc. reeglid: I usually DO NOT WORK in summer. She DOES NOT WORK at night. Magnet ATTRACTS iron. · !!! Spordikommentarid: ... and now he PASSES the ball ... and off he GOES towards the goal... · 1pv (+s/es Å he/she/it); ? DO(ES)+ 1pv ; - DO(ES) not + 1pv Aari Juhanson, MA 2008 Present Progressive · Hetkel toimuv, pooleliolev tegevus: S/he IS TALKing on the phone now. I AM READing an interesting book. · Ajutine, regulaarsele ja tavapärasele vastanduv tegevus (tulevikku viitav): This summer they ARE not GROWing cucumbers as usual. They'RE GROWing tomatoes instead. · !!! Halvakspanu väljendus harjumuspärase tegevuse kohta: He IS always COMPLAINing! · BE (am/is/are) + 1pv-ing Aari Juhanson, MA 2008 Present Perfect ON -NUD
sentences. All students of English, be they native speakers or those who are studying English as a second language, will profit from the fundamental introduction and review of grammar provided by SADDLEBACK'S BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR 1 and 2. Helpful marginal notes throughout the books have been provided to reinforce existing skills and call attention to common problem areas. We wish you every success in your pursuit of English proficiency. 1 What is Grammar? 5 The Simple Past Tense 98 Regular and Irregular Verbs 99 Was and Were 104 2 The Capital Letter 6 The Past Progressive Tense 106 The Future Tense 108 Can and Could 112
Väljendeid ilma artiklita at school koolis to school kooli in town linnas to town linna at home kodus home koju on foot jalgsi at night öösel at midnight keskööl at noon keskpäeval to be at work tööl olema to go to work tööle minema to go by tram trammiga sõitma to go by air lennukiga sõitma learn by heart pähe õppima speak by telephone telefoniga kõnelema last week /month/year möödunud nädalal/kuul/aastal next week/month/year tuleval nädalal/kuul/aastal from day to day päevast päeva from morning till night hommikust õhtuni
There are two main types of computers, analog and digital, although the term computer is often used to mean only the digital type, because this type of computer is widely used today. That is why I am going to tell you about digital computers. Everything that a digital computer does is based on one operation: the ability to determine: on or off, high voltage or low voltage or -- in the case of numbers -- 0 or 1 or do-called binary code. The speed at which the computer performs this simple act is called computer speed. Computer speeds are measured in Hertz or cycles per second. A computer with a «clock speed» of 2000 MHz is a fairly representative microcomputer today. It is capable of executing 2000 million discrete operations per second. Nowadays microcomputers can perform from 800 to over 3000 million operations per second and supercomputers used in research and defense applications attain speeds of many billions of cycles per second.
Tests Superstar 1 Luke Prodromou Test 1 Name____________________ Class_______ Use your English 1 Complete these sentences using the correct form (present simple or present continuous) of the verb in brackets. _ 1 She is in a band and she _________________________________ (record) a CD at the moment. _ 2 She is an actress and often _________________________________ (appear) on television. _ 3 At the moment she _________________________________ (have) a rest because she is tired. _ 4 Mike is a doctor and he _________________________________ (live) in Manchester. _ 5 I _________________________________ (start) work at 8.30 every morning.
garden. Kui me tahame teada, kes või mis oli tegija, saame moodustada passiivi küsimuse Who/ What ... by?: Who was the book written by? Passiivi moodustatakse be (is/ was jne) + mineviku kesksõna (past participle) ehk III põhivorm (done/ cleaned/ seen jne). Aktiivilause sihitisest saab passiivilause alus. Aktiivilause tegusõna jääb samasse ajavormi, kuid muutub passiivseks. Aktiivilause alus ehk tegija jäetakse ära või pannakse lause lõppu prepositsiooni by järele: Present simple passive am/ is/ are + III pv (cleaned/ seen jne) Many accidents are caused by careless driving. Present simple active: Somebody cleans this room every day. passive: This room is cleaned every day. Past simple passive was/ were + III pv (cleaned/ seen jne) We were woken up by a loud noise during the night. Past simple active: Somebody cleaned this room yesterday. passive: This room was cleaned yesterday. These rooms were cleaned yesterday.
results, you have the right road map in your hands.You have before you the DNA of your future. All you need to create a wonderful fu- ture for yourself is to read this book, decide how you are going to apply it to your own life, write out a plan, and then go forth with en- thusiasm and make it happen. I have a confession to make. I am one of Brian’s raving fans. I have studied him, his brilliant work, and the extraordinary results he has achieved. I am also one of his close colleagues and friends. We have worked together on many platforms, and met and talked with each other on numerous occasions. Brian is one of the finest thinkers and writers on inner develop- ment and personal success in the world. I know; I have sold over 82 million books aimed at helping people get the most out of themselves.
and Tim Ferriss is the ideal ambassador. This will be huge." --Jack Can eld, cocreator of Chicken Soup for the Soul®, 100+ million copies sold "Stunning and amazing. From mini-retirements to outsourcing your life, it's all here. Whether you're a wage slave or a Fortune 500 CEO, this book will change your life!" --Phil Town, New York Times bestselling author of Rule #1 "The 4-Hour Workweek is a new way of solving a very old problem: just how can we work to live and prevent our lives from being all about work? A world of in nite options awaits those who would read this book and be inspired by it!" --Michael E. Gerber, founder and chairman of E-Myth Worldwide and the world's #1 small business guru "Timothy has packed more lives into his 29 years than Steve Jobs has in his 51." --Tom Foremski, journalist and publisher of SiliconValleyWatcher.com "If you want to live life on your own terms, this is your blueprint." --Mike Maples, cofounder
associations (Percy and Noxema, go for it ;-) ). 81. Never decline a request that isn't made explicitly. A man is entitled to the dignity of not asking for something he wants. 82. Never placate a bully or a tyrant unless he's got a gun to your head. 83. Never vocalize when you clear your throat. 84. Opt out of the insanity around you. 85. Wear clothes that fit you; it is impossible to disguise the shape of your body. 86. Work as hard as you can, because you won't know whether your life preserver works until the ship sinks. 87. Word hard. Think actively. Investigate thoroughly. Doubt everything. Notice interconnections. 88. Be clear about what you want. Be responsible. Be flexible. Be patient. Be cooperative. 89. Post-modernism is an ideology masquerading as skepticism. 90. Post-modernists defend themselves against their critics by making their arguments so
Kõik õigused on kaitstud. Ilma autoriõiguse omaniku eelneva kirjaliku loata pole lubatud ühtki selle töövihiku osa paljundada ei elektroonilisel, mehaanilisel ega muul viisil. Töövihik on kooskõlas 2009. a uuendatud õppekomplektiga I Love English 6. Tartu, 2014 ISBN 978-9949-436-59-0 Kirjastus Studium Riia 15b, Tartu 51010 www.studium.ee Trükitud OÜ Greif trükikojas Lohkva, Luunja vald Tartumaa 62207 --- 3 xxx 1. The Big Apple 1. Write the verbs in the present continuous or the past continuous tense. Do you remember? am is are was were verb -ing 1 Sorry. I ... (write) a report at the moment. I can't come with you. 2 When Peter arrived, his friends ... (play) football. 3 I ... (sleep) when the alarm went off in my sister's room. 4 Dad's mobile phone is switched off because he ... (fly) to Paris. He's on the plane at the moment. 5 I ... (read) an interesting book. It's a collection of memories. 6 Leo was late again. He ..
1. Active/Passive Active - the professor teaches the students. Passive - The students are taught by the professor 2. Present Simple [VERB] + s/es in third person. Tegevus on korduv või tavapärane. You speak English. I play tennis. Cats like milk. The train leaves tonight at 6 PM. I am here now. Active= Once a week, Tom cleans the car. Passive= Once a week, the car is cleaned by Tom. 3. Present Continuous [am/is/are + present participle]. Tegevus toimub/ei toimu praegusel hetkel. You are watching TV. You are learning English now. I am studying to become a doctor. I am meeting some friends after work. Active= Right now, Tom is writing the letter. Passive= Right now, the letter is being written by Tom. 4. Past Simple [VERB+ed] or irregular verbs. Tegevus algas/lõppes minevikus täpsel ajal. . You called Debbie. I saw a movie yesterday. I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim
· Sometimes, some questions just don't have the answers, and that's a difficult lesson to learn. · Don't give away your heart too easily. But, give it away quite freely and see who follows behinds it. · Life was so much easier when decisions solved by "eenie meanie mini mo". · Basic rules of LOVE: You cant make someone love you. All you can do is be somebody who can be loved.....the rest is up to them Life is going to push you around, beat you up and it's going to scare you, but you gotta KEEP GOING! · Some people, no matter what, are simply... meant to be · Sometimes, both men & women simply run out of love, even when there was A LOT of it in the beginning. · One of the suckiest and most frustrating facts of life is that sometimes rela tionships just end, often WITHOUT reason. · Let's play Truth or Dare...TruthSay how you really feel...DareProve it!
1 speaking countries. It was believed here that the main aim of stylistics is to improve the style of the writer and of a textbook, that is to show how better to express one's thoughts. Of foreign linguists, it is the french Ch.Balley, G.Marduzeon who in the 20th century made a definite contribution. This happened because of the centuries-old tradition in France of interest in style. The classical works on english stylistics are those by the german scholars: Ph.Aronstein, M.Deutschbein, I.Galperin. In the 50's and 60's of the previous century there was a rapid growth of interest in stylistics throughout the word. In the 70's and 80's, the methods of structural linguistics were very popular in stylistics. Present stylistic studies have become quite systematic. Computer-assisted stylistic analysis appears to be quite promising, e
Darcy, looking at the eldest Miss Bennet. "Oh! She is the most beautiful creature I ever beheld! But there is one of her sisters sitting down just behind you, who is very pretty, and I dare say very agreeable. Do let me ask my partner to introduce you." "Which do you mean?" and turning round he looked for a moment at Elizabeth, till catching her eye, he withdrew his own and coldly said: "She is tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt me; I am in no humour at present to give consequence to young ladies who are slighted by other men. You had better return to your partner and enjoy her smiles, for you are wasting your time with me." Mr. Bingley followed his advice. Mr. Darcy walked off; and Elizabeth remained with no very cordial feelings toward him. She told the story, however, with great spirit among her friends; for she had a lively, playful disposition, which delighted in anything ridiculous.
Lihtlause (The simple sentence) Lauseliikmed on alus (t/ie subject),iildis (the predicale), sihitis lthe objecr) ja mddrus (.the adver- blal1. Lau.eliikmek. rdih olla iiLl.,siksona r0i terve:dnade riihm ehl< lraas. faraline sdnajiirg on: Alus Oeldis Sihitis MAarus
a cat several cats mitu kassi a mistake few mistakes vähe vigu Loendamatud nimisõnad (uncountables/non-count nouns) on põhiliselt kas ainenimed (water, bread) või abstraksete mõistete nimetused (peace, friendship). Neil pole mitmuse vormi ja nad ei esine koos umbmäärase artikliga ega arvsõnadega. Neid võib kasutada koos sõnadega much (palju), some (veidi, natuke), little (vähe) ja a little (veidi, natuke) : work much work palju tööd snow a little snow veidi lund money some money natuke raha hope little hope natuke lootust Nii loendatavaid kui ka loendamatuid nimisõnu saab aga ühtviisi tarvitada koos sõnadega a lot (of) / lots (of) palju ja plenty (of) rohkesti, küllalt: a friend a lot of friends palju sõpru water lots of water palju vett
*I love him, thats why its so hard to see him love someone else *Love is only a feeling that can only be felt, not even a million words can describe love. *A picture is worth a thousand words, but love is priceless. *love is like a glass doorsometimes you dont see it and it smacks you right in the face. *No matter what you do, No matter where you go, I just want you to no, I will alway love you *Are you lost maam? Because heaven is a long way from here. *Let make it short and simple, I love you. *Every night I go home crying because Ill have to wait until tomorrow to see you again. *You may be out of my sight but never out of my mind *Work like you dont need the money. Love like youve never been hurt. Dance like nobodys watching. *Love means never having to say you are sorry. *When I first saw you I was afraid to talk to you, When I first talked to you I was afraid to like you, When I first liked you I was afraid to love you, Now that I love you I m afraid to lose you!
And I foresee that there must come of it An open rupture with this sneaking scoundrel. DORINE Besides, 'tis downright scandalous to see This unknown upstart master of the house-- This vagabond, who hadn't, when he came, Shoes to his feet, or clothing worth six farthings, And who so far forgets his place, as now To censure everything, and rule the roost! MADAME PERNELLE Eh! Mercy sakes alive! Things would go better If all were governed by his pious orders. DORINE He passes for a saint in your opinion. In fact, he's nothing but a hypocrite. MADAME PERNELLE Just listen to her tongue! DORINE I wouldn't trust him, Nor yet his Lawrence, without bonds and surety. MADAME PERNELLE I don't know what the servant's character May be; but I can guarantee the master A holy man. You hate him and reject him Because he tells home truths to all of you. 'Tis sin alone that moves his heart to anger, And heaven's interest is his only motive. DORINE Of course
...................................................................31 Identification with the Body.....................................................................33 Feeling the Inner Body.............................................................................34 Forgetfulness of Being.............................................................................35 From Descartes's Error to Sartre's Insight...............................................36 The Peace that Passes All Understanding................................................37 Chapter Three The Core of Ego – 39 Complaining and Resentment..................................................................40 Reactivity and Grievances.......................................................................42 Being Right, Making Wrong....................................................................43 In Defense of an Illusion
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