Estonian cuisine The traditional cuisine of Estonia has substantially been based on meat and potatoes, and on fish in coastal and lakeside areas, but is influenced by many other cuisines by now. In the present day it includes a variety of international foods and dishes, with a number of contributions from the traditions of nearby countries. German, Scandinavian, Russian and other influences have played their part. The most typical foods in Estonia have been rye bread, pork, potatoes and dairy products. Estonian eating habits have historically been closely linked to the seasons
Mozambique. Indigenous cookery traditional South African cuisine In the precolonial period, indigenous cuisine was characterized by the use of a very wide range of fruits, nuts, bulbs, leaves and other products gathered from wild plants and by the hunting of wild game. The domestication of cattle in the region about two thousand years ago by Khoisan groups enabled the use of milk products and the availability of fresh meat. However, during the colonial period the seizure of communal land in South Africa restricted and discouraged traditional agriculture and wild harvesting, and reduced the extent of land available to black people. Decline of indigenous cookery Urbanization from the nineteenth century, coupled with close control over agricultural production, led black South Africans to rely more and more on comparatively expensive, industrially-processed foodstuffs like wheat flour, white rice, mealie
ENGLISH N ATIONAL FOODS AND DRINK S CREATED B Y: SUNDAY ROAST: The Sunday Roast is a traditional British main meal served on Sundays. (usually for lunch) It includes: roast potatoes (or boiled or mashed potatoes), roast beef, lamb, pork or a roast chicken and vegetables. Sauces are chosen depending on the type of meat. FISH AND CHIPS: England is internationally famous for it's fish and chips. Large number of restaurants and takeaway shops selling this dish. The most popular English dish. There are lot of different combinations, but the traditional is potato slices cooked with fish. SAUSAGES: English sausages are colloquially known as ,,bangers". They are made from fresh meat and rarely smoked, dried or stronglu flavoured.
Estonian National Cuisine re a d a c k B Bl The word ,,bread" came to Estonian from Germanic languages. Traditional black bread spread in Estonia in the second century. In a household people usually baked bread on Saturdays. Depending on the size of the family, they usually made 6-10 loaves of bread. One loaf of bread usually weighed about 2-5 kg. Beliefs and habits If a piece of bread was dropped, it had to be picked up and given a kiss so that hunger would not come to the house. A loaf of bread was never put on a table upside crust down. That would predict a family member's death. It was not allowed to lay a loaf of bread with its cut side to the door, because then the house would run out of bread. Eating the crusty end of bread would give a girl nice breasts. Warm bread was supposed to be broken not cut. Christmas bread Christmas bread had to
History: · Indian society is predominantly agrarian. Diet consists mainly of fruits and vegetables, meat, cereals, dairy products and honey. Also, drinks containing different types of spices. · During the Gupta empire influenced by diet buduism and jainism. Many religious people were vegetarians. Most of the people consumed the chickens, sheep and goat meat. · Muslims also put emphasis on the development of food. Indians brought to the diet of dried fruit and flat bread. India introduced the dietary habits of the Portuguese and Chinese. · Indian diet is mixed with a variety of cultures. Etiquette: · Traditionally, meals were eaten while seated either on the floor or on very low stools or cushions. · Food is most often eaten without cutlery, instead using the right hand. Among the middle
........................................................................................................................................8 Pasta alla Carbonara (eesti keeles)...................................................................................................9 2 ITALY KITCHEN Italian Cuisine is traditional Italian food. It is often made up of the famous Italian foods such as pasta, pizza, cannoli and red or white wine. Italian cuisine often contains a lot of carbs and sometimes fats. Italian food also has a lot of vegetables and healthy fats, such as olives, broccoli, and lettuces. Italians are also famous for the different kinds of breads they make. Spaghetti is traditional Italian cuisine
Handbook of Meat Processing Handbook of Meat Processing Fidel Toldrá EDITOR A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication Edition first published 2010 © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing program has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell. Editorial Office 2121 State Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50014-8300, USA
Meals and Cooking When we cook, we boil, roast, fry or stew our food. We boil eggs, meat, chicken, fish, milk, water and vegetables. We fry eggs, fish and vegetables. We stew fish, meat, vegetables or fruit. We roast meat or chicken. We put salt, sugar, pepper, vinegar and mustard into our food to make it salted, sweet, sour or simply tasty. Our food may taste good or bad or it may be tasteless. The usual meals in England are breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner or, in simpler houses, breakfast, dinner, tea and supper. For breakfast English people mostly have porridge or cornflakes with milk or cream and sugar,
Traditional Estonian food has its roots firmly in the countryside, relying heavily on pork, potatoes and garden variety vegetables. The main culinary influences were from Germans, who ruled over Estonia for so many centuries. The eating habits of the Estonian population are related to the season, which severely affect the availability of fresh food. The spring and summer are the seasons of fresh food, in this period are used vegetables, berries and herbs, with the warmer climate the Estonians also like to cook meat grilled outdoors. During the
· Infections disease · Even death. But even if you take over diet it may leads to... · Weight gain · Insulin resistance · Diabetes · Obesity · Heart conditions · Many other diet related diseases · And death. Healthy Eating Pyramid Fruit and vegetables: take 5 portions a day from this group Carbohydrates: take most food from this group (rice, pasta, bread, potatoes) Healthy Eating Pyramid Meat, fish and dairy: take something from this group Fruit and vegetables: take 5 portions a day from this group Carbohydrates: take most food from this group (rice, pasta, bread, potatoes) Healthy Eating Pyramid Foods high in fats and sugars: take only small amounts from this group
b) It's a very popular restaurant - we should apply for/book/keep a table. c) If you're hungry, why not ask for a large dish/plate/portion? d) Please help/serve/wait yourself to salads from the salad bar. e) Waiter, can I see the catalogue/directory/menu, please? f) This fish is not what I called/commanded/ordered. g) This dish/plate/serving is a speciality of our restaurant. h) Have you tried the crude/raw/undercooked fish at the new Japanese restaurant? i) Paul never eats meat, he's a vegetable/vegetarian/vegetation. j) Have you decided what to have for your main course/food/helping? Task 2. Complete each sentence (a-j) with a suitable ending (1-10). Use each ending once. a) Dinner's nearly ready. Can you lay ...6… 1. up if you dry and put the dishes away. b) There's some meat in the fridge. Just warm 2. it up in the microwave oven for a few minutes. c) Keep an eye on the milk or it might boil 3
Kool Irish National Customs Nimi Tallinn 2009 Customs of Ireland i would like to talk about their families their holidays. the irish are a very cultural people and they're proud of all they've got. Marriage and Family People usually marry in their early to mid-20s. Most weddings are performed in a church, but a minority are also performed in a registry office. After marriage, many people in rural areas stay close to their family's home and visit frequently. Many couples, particularly in the cities, live together before or instead of marriage. Typically, the bonds between siblings in an Irish family are especially strong. In rural areas, extended families often live near one another, and family members who have
It’s safe to say Sweden’s food culture is much more than iconic meatballs and chewy fish- shaped candy. Here are eight things you should know about food traditions essential to Sweden everyday dining. Lingonberry — Sweden’s favorite sauce Just like ketchup and mustard, lingonberry sauce is widely used to accompany a variety of dishes, from meatballs and pancakes to porridge and blood pudding. But despite its sweetness, it is rarely used on bread. Thanks to the Right of Public Access (Allemansrätten), which gives everyone the freedom to roam and enjoy nature, many Swedes grow up picking lingonberries in the forest, and using these tiny tart red fruits to make the jam-like preserve. Open sandwiches When you order a sandwich, don’t be surprised if it involves just a single slice of bread. The concept of open sandwiches dates back to the 15th century when thick slabs of bread were used as plates
Suure-Jaani Gymnasium Robert Kais Karl Kangur 11. class Scottish cuisine Based on local produce. 1.) fish 2.)lamb 3.)beef 4.)oats Culinary heritage. National drinks Whisky, Irn-Bru History Relied on the oceans and rivers. Typical medieval dish stew consisting local herbs, vegetables, few scraps of meat, accompained with bread and cheese. The French connection with Scottish cuisine goes way back to the time of Mary queen of Scotts. Haggis Prepared from the heart, lungs, and liver of a sheep, minced with suet and oatmeal, seasoned with
the east. It was built to keep the Caledonians of Scotland out of England. Windsor Castle, which is one of the official residents of British monarch, is located in the English country of Berkshire. It is the largest in habited castle in the world and the oldest in continuous occupation, since it dates back to the time of William the Conqueror. The castle’s area is approximately 484,000 square feet (44, 955 square metres). The castle has been garrison fortress, home, official palace and sometimes prison for most of the Kings and Queens of England/Great Britain. During the war, the castle has been heavily fortified but when country has been in peace, it has been expanded with large and grand apartments and this pattern has continued nowadays. The White Cliffs of Dover is one of England’s most famous natural landmarks. The cliffs were formed over 80 million years ago. They are a part of British coastline facing France and the Strait of Dover
Christmas in Ireland lasts from Christmas Eve to the feast of the Epiphany on January 6, which is referred to as Little Christmas. Ireland's Christmas is more religious than a time of fun. Lighted candles are placed in windows on Christmas Eve, as a guide that Joseph and Mary might be looking for shelter. The candles are usually red in color, and decorated with sprigs of holly. Irish women bake a seed cake for each person in the house. They also make three puddings, one for each day of the Epiphany such as Christmas, New Year's Day and the Twelfth Night. After the Christmas evening meal, bread and milk are left out and the door unlatched as a symbol of hospitality. St Stephen's Day, the day after Christmas, is almost as important, with football matches and meetings going on. For children, the Wren Boys Procession is their big event
Inglise keele KT Unit 6 1.Translate (tõlgi) 1) Ma söön tavaliselt lõunaks prae ja magustoidu. I usually have a main dish and a dessert for lunch. 2) Ettekandja tõi meile menüü. The waiter brought us the menu. 3) Praetud munad, viil röstsaia ja tass teed, palun. Fried eggs, a slice of toast and a cup of tea, please. 4) Me tellisime kala friikartulitega ja õunavormi. We ordered fish and chips and apple pie. 5) Kas sulle meeldib kartulipüree? Do you like mashed potatoes? 6) Millestki koosnema. consist of something 2. Complete the text. (lõpeta tekst)
Christmas in Australia Christmas in Australia is often very hot. Whereas the northern hemisphere is in the middle of winter, Australians are baking in summer heat. It is not unusual to have Christmas Day well into the mid 30 degrees Celsius, or near 100 degrees Fahrenheit. A traditional meal includes a turkey dinner, with ham, and pork. A flaming Christmas plum pudding is added for dessert. In the Australian gold rushes, Christmas puddings often contained a gold nugget. Today a small favor is baked inside. Whoever finds this knows s/he will enjoy good luck. Another treat is Mince Pies. Some Australians and particularly tourists often have their Christmas dinner at midday on a local beach, Bondi Beach in Sydney's Eastern Suburbs attracts thousands of people on Christmas Day. Other families enjoy their day by having a picnic. If they are at home, the day
ITALY Pizza When we think of Italian cuisine, the first thought that comes to mind is Pizza. Yes, Italian Pizza is renowned the world over. 1 tsp yeast (fresh or dried) 6 tbsp lukewarm water ½ tsp sugar 1 tbsp olive oil 1 cup plain flour 1 tsp salt Mix together the yeast, water and sugar in a clean and dry bowl. If you are using dried yeast, sprinkle over the water and sugar solution and mix till dissolved. Leave this bowl in a warm place until a froth forms on the top. Then stir in the olive oil. In the meanwhile, sift together the flour and salt in a large bowl, mix these two dry ingredients well. Now, if your yeast mix is ready, make a well in the centre of the flour salt mix and pour the mixture in
The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is an annual(iga aastane) plant in the family Asteraceae, with a large flower head (inflorescence(õiekobar, õisik, õitseaeg, õidumine)). The stem(tüvi) of the flower can grow up to 3 metres tall, with the flower head reaching 30 cm in diameter. The term "sunflower" is also used to refer(nimetama, viitama, üle andma) to all plants of the genus(perekond, sugu) Helianthus, many of which are perennial(alaline, aastaringne) plants. What is usually called the flower is actually a head (formally(ametlikult) composite(liit-, komposiit- ; korvõieline, komposiit) flower) of numerous flowers (florets) crowded(täistuubitud, tunglev, rahvarohke) together. The outer flowers are the ray florets(pähik (õisiku osa) and can be yellow, maroon, orange, or other colors, and are sterile(steriilne, viljatu). The florets inside the circular head are called disc florets. Sunflower head displaying florets in spirals of 34 and 55 around the outside
English, Latin), hybrid of Germanic and Romance languages Norman French influence – about 10,000 words, 75 % are still in use (Baugh) Latin influence continues 3) Early Modern English – 200,000 – 250,000 English becomes a polycentric language; polyglot, cosmopolitan language 4) Modern English – 500,000 words (OED) At present at least 1 billion lexical units 2. Core and periphery Core vocabulary – often short (monosyllabic) words of Germanic and Old Norse origin = ie core vocabulary of most frequent words, and vague fuzzy peripherial words. Core meaning is the meaning which is at the centre of the word.periphery – vague. Formal usage (often polysyllabic words) from Norman French (rank, courtliness,refinement). Learning, science, abstraction: Latin, and Greek. The core vocabulary is predominantly Germanic (the, I, you, etc.) Only 4 of the topranked one hundred words in the
As chocolate became more wide spread in the 20th Century, a chocolate version of the traditional painted egg was developed. The size of the chocolate egg has grown over the years and is now more likely to be the size of an ostrich egg rather than a small birds egg. Special Food Boiled eggs are traditionally served at breakfast, then Easter cards and gifts may be exchanged Roast lamb, which is the main dish at Jewish Passover, is the traditional meat for the main meal on Easter Day. It is served with mint sauce and vegetables. The traditional Easter pudding is custard tarts sprinkled with currants and flat Easter biscuits. Simnel cake is baked for tea. Easter Biscuits are sometimes called "Cakes", and are eaten on Easter Sunday. They contain spices, currants and sometimes grated lemon rind. Games for Children Egg Huntvery special treats for kids. Chocolate eggs are hidden for the children to find.
It is now an inescapable fact that America, through its worldwide influence and massive entertainment industry is the mighty power-house that drives the English language. Although British English is considered to be more sophisticated and prestigious than American English, the latter is clearly more featured in television, music, video games and internet, naturally appealing more to English learners than British English. Also, in international communication American English is usually the preferred choice as it is acceptable and easily understandable in any context from Japan to Peru. While British English, especially the Received Pronunciation, is generally viewed as some kind of a “gold standard” in education and is usually focused on in textbooks and dictionaries, it should be remembered that American English has about 10 times more speakers than the RP and thus the significance of it in the today’s world should not be underestimated.
BEDOUINS REFERAAT Õppeaines: INGLISE KEEL Arhitektuuri- ja keskkonnatehnika teaduskond Õpperühm: TÖ 21A Juhendaja: M.Kala Tallinn 2009 1. Who are bedouins? Bedouins are Arabic speaking nomadic tribes that originate from the Arabian Peninsula (mainly Saudi Arabia) and would travel the desert to locations where they would find drink and food. Sometimes traveling for days before they arrived at their final destinations. Each tribe would have an area of land under their responsibility from which they would make income by allowing travelers and traders to pass through. As knowledgeable guides of the desert they controlled the desert trade routes, and escorted caravans. Table 1. Bedouin Total population Regions Languages Religion Related
does a plant based diet lower the risk of coronary artery disease? There are different types of cardiovascular diseases. Some affect the heart’s muscle, valves or rhythm, but most conditions are caused by the hardening or clogging of arteries. Coronary artery disease is associated with the hardening of arteries that supply blood to heart muscle and is, in most cases, preventable and even treatable as it’s often found to be caused by poor lifestyle choices.1 These lifestyle choices include unhealthy dietary choices, lack of exercise and cigarette smoking. Other risk factors appear to be diabetes, high blood pressure, stress and history of heart disease running in the family. 2 A plant based diet is solely based on foods that are derived from plants. Individuals who follow a plant based diet exclude all animal products from their diet. They don’t consume
The most important ones are Pärnu River and Emajõgi River Climate Estonia lies in the northern part of the temperate climate zone and in the transition zone between maritime and continental climate. Because Estonia is continuously warmed by the Gulf Stream it has a milder climate despite its northern latitude. Northern latitude means long summer daylight hours (the longest summer day stretches to 19 hours), and dark winters when daylight lasts sometimes only six hours. Being on the Baltic Sea the country is subjected to sea breezes and humidity. Estonia has a temperate climate, with four seasons of near-equal length. Summer is warm, while spring and autumn can be mild. Winter, which lasts from November to middel March, 4 can be very cold. The cold winter does not necessarily mean constant snow; in fact snowfalls are few and far between
The Menstrual Cycle PERFECTING SLEEP FitBit Sleep Analysis WakeMate Sleep Analysis Zeo--Good Sleep Example Zeo--Bad Sleep Example Monophasic Sleep and Polyphasic Sleep REVERSING INJURIES Barefoot Walker's Feet and Modern Man's Feet Static Back Static Extension Position on Elbows Shoulder Bridge with Pillow Active Bridges with Pillow Supine Groin Progressive in Tower Alternative: Supine Groin on Chair Air Bench ART, Before and After Thoraco-dorsal Fascia The Chop and Lift Full and Half-Kneeling Ideal Placement on One Line Tricep Rope Attachment Single-Leg Flexibility Assessment Down-Left Chop Ideal Placement Down-Left Chop Ideal Placement Turkish Get-Up Start and Finish of Two-Arm Single-Leg Deadlift RUNNING FASTER AND FASTER Hip Flexors Stretch Reverse Lunge Demonstration Untrained and Trained Start Positions Reverse Hyper(extension) on a Bench and Swiss Ball Enzyme Activity Graph Super Quad Stretch
moderate, without striking difference between seasons. It is not very cold in winter and never very hot in summer. So, the British ports are ice-free and its rivers are not frozen throughout the year. The weather on the British Isles has a bad reputation. It is very changeable and fickle. The British say that there is a climate in other countries, but we have just weather. If you don't like the weather in England, just wait a few minutes. It rains very often in all seasons in Great Britain. Autumn and winter are the wettest. The sky is usually grey and cold winds blow. On the average, Britain has more than 200 rainy days a year. The English say that they have 3 variants of weather: when it rains in the morning, when it rains in the afternoon, and when it rains all day long. Sometimes it rains so heavily, that they say «It's raining cats and dogs». Britain is known all over the world for its fogs. Sometimes fogs are so thick that it's
2. What is the same and what is different about the way Christmas is celebrated in England and Estonia? In England, there's common to sing Carol's and for children, Christmas means pantomimes plays based on fairy tales which combine comedy, dance and song. A traditional Christmas dinner includes roast turkey with roast potatoes, a range of vegetables, cranberry sauce etc., followed by Christmas pudding and Christmas cake. The pulling of crackers(and the wearing of paper hats) before the meal is quite popular. Afterwards many watch the Queen's traditional Christmas address on TV at 3 pm. Christmas actually contains of 3 days: Christmas Eve, Christmas Day and Boxing Day. The latter is the first day after Christmas or the first Monday after Christmas if Christmas is on Friday or Saturday. 3. What is the same and what is different about the way Easter is celebrated in England and Estonia?
adjective + preposition omadussõna + eessõna proud of, good at, married to adverb particle Some verbs are followed by adverb particles. Examples are: put on, take off, give away, bring up, call in. Sometimes the particle is detached from the verb and put after the object. •He took his boots off. •They called the doctor in. apposition a grammatical construction in which two usually adjacent nouns having the same referent stand in the same syntactical relation to the rest of a sentence (as the poet and Burns in “a biography of the poet Burns”) back-reference In grammatical analysis, the term reference is often used to state a relationship of identity which exists between grammatical units, e.g. a pronoun 'refers' to a noun or noun phrase. When the reference is to an earlier part of the discourse, it may be called a 'back-reference' (or anaphora); collective noun
Austria, Greece, China, Thailand, India and Vietnam - as well as growing numbers of Middle Eastern and Latin American restaurants, there is a Pacific-style New Zealand cuisine using the abundant fresh meats, fish, vegetables and fruit in a creative manner. New Zealand cuisine draws inspiration from Europe, Asia and Polynesia; Pacific-Rim is a distinctive fusion using many of our excellent fresh produce and seafood. Lamb, pork and cervena (venison), salmon, crayfish (lobster), oysters, kina, squid, paua (abalone), scallops, tuatua and pipi (New Zealand shellfish), mussels, kumara (a native sweet potato), kiwifruit, New Zealand honey - these are some of the delicious fresh ingredients which make the food in New Zealand so special. Chefs are world-class, with many having worked in Europe and around the world. New Zealand Skiing & Snowboarding
Australia The Outback is more than two-thirds of Australia, but its population is less than 100,000. Many people live on sheep or cattle stations which are enormous farms. There are a few cattle stations, which are as large as the country of England .The nearest neighbourhood is perhaps a hundred kilometers away, the nearest city is 1,500 kilometre away. People travel by road or by air. On the roads you often see road trains carry cattle from the cattle station .Small aero planes are used to take people ,food ,post and machines. Radio is used to talk with doctor Alice Spring is the largest Outback town with population of 25,000.That was just a small group of houses and shops, but recently the population has grown. Animals Australian animals are very beautiful animals. The kangaroo is a symbol of Australia. There
Remember privacy! Dishonesty is the worst sin of all to the Finns. Going to a sauna in Finland, even without clothes, has nothing to do with sex a sauna is a sacred place for the Finns. Remember to respect the nature. Nature is very close to a Finn's heart. Finnish society is very organised. Also, remember to queue! Silence at night is required in tower blocks normally after 10pm. The communal hallways usually have information on the times of silence. Do not disturb! The custom here is that both men and women will shake hands when introduced, or when meeting. Even children will often shake hands upon meeting guests.
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