Leidsid 33 sarnast õppematerjali, mis on seotud failiga "Emaplaadi terminite sõnastik inglise keeles". Need materjalid aitavad sul teemat sügavamalt mõista.
memory, cache, chip, support, board, processor, slot, other, dram, chips, pentium, interface, socket, device, bios, speed, ports, connector, dimm, power, factor, rate, access, disk, than, fast, between, parallel, chassis, mainstream, circuit, integrated, control, devices, typically, features, faster, dual, simm, cards, hard, adapter, cable, include, such. 43 3-3 Installing the CPM1A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 3-4 Wiring and Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 SECTION 4 Using Peripheral Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 4-1 Support Software Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 4-2 Using a Programming Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 4-3 Programming Console Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 4-4 Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A... AA Auto Answer AAA Authentication, Authorization and Accounting AAB All-to-All Broadcast AAC Advanced Audio Coding AACS Advanced Access Control System AAL Asynchronous Transfer Mode Adaption Layer AAM Automatic Acoustic Management AAP Applications Access Point [DEC] AARP AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol AAS All-to-All Scatter AASP ASCII Asynchronous Support Package AAT Average Access Time AATP Authorized Academic Training Program [Microsoft] .ABA Address Book Archive (file name extension) [Palm] ABAP Advanced Business Application Programming [SAP] ABC * Atanasoff-Berry Computer (First digital calculating machine that used vacuum tubes) ABEND Abnormal End ABI Application Binary Interface ABIOS Advanced BIOS ABIST Automatic Built-In Self-Test [IBM] ABLE Adaptive Battery Life Extender +
Manager of Special Sales Butterworth-Heinemann 225 Wildwood Avenue Woburn, MA 01801-2041 Tel: 781-904-2500 Fax: 781-904-2620 For information on all Newnes publications available, contact our World Wide Web home page at: http://www.newnespress.com 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America Contents Preface ix Introduction xi 1 System Design 1 Dynamic Range 1 Calibration 2 Bandwidth 5 Processor Throughput 6 Avoiding Excess Speed 7 Other System Considerations 8 Sample Rate and Aliasing 11 2 Digital-to-Analog Converters 13 Analog-to-Digital Converters 15 Types of ADCs 17 Sample and Hold 26 Real Parts 29 Microprocessor Interfacing 30 Serial Interfaces 36 Multichannel ADCs 41 Internal Microcontroller ADCs 41 Codecs 42 Interrupt Rate 43
" 1946 In February, the public got its first glimpse of the ENIAC, a machine built by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert that improved by 1,000 times on the speed of its contemporaries. Fully programmable (Turing complete) all-electronic computer Initial versions required rewiring to reprogram. Used for ballistic calculations for the military & for calculations for the thermonuclear bomb. START OF PROJECT: 1943 COMPLETED: 1946 PROGRAMMED: plug board and switches SPEED: 5,000 operations per second INPUT/OUTPUT: cards, lights, switches, plugs FLOOR SPACE: 1,000 square feet PROJECT LEADERS: John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert. 1947 Three scientists at Bell Telephone Laboratories, William Shockley, Walter Brattain, and John Bardeen demonstrate their new invention of the point-contact transistor amplifier. Kordamine: raadiolambi tööpõhimõte
overviews of gaming, the low-level APIs OpenGL and DirectX, and Java 3D. No programming examples are included here, although links to online code are supplied. 1. Background to Gaming Giving a definition for `computer game' is problematic, due to the wide range of game types. For example, the ArcadePod site (http://www.arcadePod.com) divides its hundreds of Java games into more than ten categories: 3D games, multiplayer, action, classic, indoor sports, board, outdoor sports, card, mind, casino, educational, and the useful `miscellaneous' catch-all. This makes it difficult to pin down the typical content of a game, and highlights the range of design and programming skills required to create one. Another problem with giving a definition is that game platforms vary enormously, including PCs, dedicated game consoles (e.g. the Sony PlayStation 2), arcade machines, web-based games, hand-held consoles (e.g. the Nintendo Gameboy),
Seymour Papert designed LOGO as a computer language for children. 1968 Moore, Noyce and Grove left Fairchild Semiconductors and founded Intel Corp. 1968-1997 Intel's president President Ed Roberts and Forest Mims found Micro Instrumentation Telemetry Systems (MITS). Douglas C. Engelbart, of the Stanford Research Institute, demonstrates his system of keyboard, keypad, mouse, and windows at the Joint Computer Conference in San Francisco's Civic Center. He demonstrates use of a word processor, a hypertext system, and remote collaborative work with colleagues. 1969 AT&T Bell Laboratories programmers Kenneth Thompson and Dennis Ritchie developed the UNIX operating system on a spare DEC minicomputer Thompson re-wrote Space Travel game in assembly language for Digital Equipment Corporation's PDP-7 with help from Dennis Ritchie. This experience, combined with his work on the Multics project, led Thompson to start a new operating system for the PDP-7.
start of frame send DLE STX 2. prior to transmission insert DLE for any inadvertent DLE 3. transmit is signaled ·received stream searched on bit basis for SOF & EOF · frame divided layers provide byte oriented service) to reliably support the connection). end of file send DLE ETX Receive side: 1. receive DLE STX -> indicates start of frame sequence 2. into fields that are often multiples of 8 bits 1. scheme: flags (often used on point- Sequence numbers grow from 3b to 7b link termination Using LCP, PPP can terminate the link at anytime. inspect each byte in the payload until EOF sequence
== 8. Y = true for i from 1 to 20 for j from 1 to 8, excluding 3 // first bit is spared (omitted) and the second (third) bit for upper bitindex = j + (i-1)*8 if S1[bitindex] ≠ S2[bitindex] Y = false Exit loop end end end == CPU architecture 9. Suppose a microprocessor adds the numbers shown below respectively. In each instance explain the influence of the computation on the flag register in terms of each of the flag bits Z, N, C, and V. Assume the processor can handle 8-bit binary values using a two’s compliment representation. a) 60 + 80 b) 60 – 80 == The N, Z, C, and V bits are the condition code flags, conditions code flags to be set or cleared (0 or 1). 1. N = 0; Z = 0; C = 0; V = 0 2. N = 0; Z = 1; C = 0; V = 0 3. N = 0; Z = 1; C = 1; V = 0 4. N = 1; Z = 0; C = 0; V = 0 5. N = 0; Z = 0; C = 1; V = 0 6. N = 1; Z = 0; C = 1; V = 0 7. N = 1; Z = 0; C = 0; V = 1 8. N = 0; Z = 0; C = 1; V = 1 9. N = 0; Z = 1; C = 1; V = 1 9. a) V and C b) N
2 PCI Express - Sisend-väljundsiini standard 3 serial ATA - jada-ATA, järjestik-ATA IDE-liidese edasiarendus 4 video card - videokaart 5 TFT - TFT-vedelkristallkuvar TFT-tüüpi vedelkristallkuvarites 6 XGA - 1990-ndatel firma IBM poolt välja töötatud kõrge lahutusvõimega graafikastandard. 7 HDD - kõvakettaajam 8 CD-RW - korduvsalvestusega laserketas Laserketas, millele erinevalt CD-R kettast saab informatsiooni salvestada, kustutada ja uuesti salvestada. 1 chip - kiip Väike pooljuhtmaterjali (enamasti räni) kristall, millele on tekitatud integraalskeem. 2 clock speed - taktsagedus Arvuti taktsagedus näitab taktgeneraatori poolt genereeritavat impulsside arvu sekundis ja määrab ära protsessori töökiiruse. 3 bus (1) - siin Juhtmete komplekt, mille kaudu andmed liiguvad arvuti ühest osast teise. 4 case (3) - korpus Seadet ümbritsev kest, korpus 5 capacity - salvesti maht, mälumaht Maksimaalne andmemaht (enamasti
two states or conditions. These binary circuits have only two states, ON or OFF. Standardized means of storing these codes: ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code) UNICODE (Extended ASCII) Each pixel contains a value representing some shade of gray. The more shades of gray possible, the more memory will be needed. Instructions: Must be stored within the computer before use. Must be stored in binary form. A set of binary instructions is called a program. Program: A collection of instructions for the computer to perform one by one. Machine Language: The language of the computing machine. All instructions must be in the form of binary numbers (binary code).
1.The Conceptual Architecture identifies the high-level components of the system, and the relationships among them. Its purpose is to direct attention at an appropriate decomposition other system without delving into details. Moreover, it provides a useful vehicle for communicating the architecture to non-technical audiences, such as management, marketing, and users. Logical Architecture In Logical Architecture, the externally visible properties of the components are made precise and unambiguous through well-defined interfaces and component specifications, and key architectural mechanisms are detailed. The Logical Architecture provides a detailed "blueprint" from which
1. OBJECT-ORIENTED PARADIGM The Model •The model defines an abstract view to the problem. This implies that the model focuses only on problem related stuff and that you try to define properties of the problem. These properties include: 1 •the data which are affected and 2 •the operations which are identified by the problem. Object-oriented Paradigm •Everything is an object •A program is a bunch of objects telling each other what to do by sending messages •Each object has its own memory made up of other objects •Every object has a type •All objects of a particular type can receive the same messages Domain Model •A domain model does not represent the entire domain as it is in the real world. It includes only the concepts that are needed to support the application. Object •Is a partitioned area of memory where object code is stored •The area of memory is protected
for j from 1 to 8, excluding 3; //first bit is spared (omitted) and the second (third) bit for upper bitindex = j + (i-1) ∗8; if S1[bitindex] =! S2[bitindex]; Y = false; Exit loop; end; end; end; CPU architecture 9. Suppose a microprocessor adds the numbers shown below respectively. In each instance explain the influence of the computation on the flag register in terms of each of the flag bits Z, N, C, and V. Assume the processor can handle 8-bit binary values using a two’s compliment representation. a) 60 + 80 b) 60 – 80 Range from -128 to 127. Equation Result Z N C V Comment 60 + 80 140 0 0 1 1 Produced carry(C) and
DDRAM - topeltkiirusega dünaamiline muutmälu topeltkiirusega sünkroon-DRAM Topeltkiirusega SDRAM kahekordistab SDRAM-mälu andmeedastuskiiruse sel viisil, et andmevahetus toimub nii taktimpulsi esimese kui tagumise frondi ajal. DDR SDRAM vajab kaht lisajuhet (maandus ja toide) ning nõuab 184 jalaga DIMM-mooduli kasutamist (SDRAM kasutab 168 jalaga DIMM-mooduleid). Sülearvutites kasutatakse 200 viiguga SODIMM-mooduleid DDR SDRAM on tuntud ka nimetuste DDRAM, DDR DRAM, DSDRAM (Double-Speed DRAM) ja SDRAM- II all. 15. Emaplaat ja tema peamised parameetrid Emaplaat on seade mis ühenadab einevaid arvuti komponenete (protsessor, mälu jne) ja aitab seadmetel omavahe suhelda (tõlgib). Emaplaadide parameetirteks on: Protsessoti socket/slot ja nende arv, laiendus siinide arv ja portide arv.Füüsilised mõõtmed nagu emaplaadi mõõtmed. Mis stanadriga on emaplaat kas AT, ATX või siis BTX. 16
microchips tiny pieces of silicon containing complex electronic circuits design to make or draw plans for something financial relating to money or how money is managed electronic involving the use of electric current in devices such as TV sets or computers Internet the large system of connected computers around the world print to produce text and pictures using a printer unformatted a disk that is completely blank, so information can't be recorded onto it Extranet a network that allows communication between a company and the people it deals with transmission the process of sending data over a communication channel reboot to restart the computer, without switching it off completely microbrowser a web browser designed for small screens on handheld devices software engineer a person who designs and maint
I Jäiga ühe programmi täitmisega II multitöö ja katkestused, programmeerimiskeeled III OS keerukad programmeerimiskeeled ja andmebaasid IBM 701 1952 1958 Invention of the IC by Jack Kilbyat Texas Instruments IBM 360-40 1964 First microprocessor: Intel 4004 1971 The first commercial 4-bit microprocessor 4004: -2,300 transistors -10 µm features -10 mm2 die -108 kHz kHz 1974... Intel releases its 2MHz 8080 chip, an 8bit microprocessor. It can access 64KB of memory. It uses 6000 transistors, based on 6micron technology. Speed is 0.64 MIPS. In a desperate act to save his failing calculator company, MITS company owner Ed Roberts begins building a small computer based on Intel's new 8080 chip, with plans to sell it for the unheardof price of US$500. MITS completes the first prototype Altair 8800 microcomputer. Bravo is developed for the Xerox Alto computer
recording on conventional DVD-R media with compatability with blu ray players. Most editing software these days will handle both HDV and AVCHD formats. When I have done side by side tests comparing my AVCHD camera to my HDV cameras, I am hard pressed to see any real difference. They are very good. When it comes to editing, the AVC format is moch more finicky to work with. If is it a single camera personal video, then I may shoot it on my flash memory camera just because it is convient. If I am shooting anything 2 camera, or any commercial shoots that I know I am going to need to edit, then I shoot HDV, and leave the AVC camera at home. Why? The editing process for HDV is no different than for shooting DV. I plug the player into my old tired work station, and fire up Adobe Premiere pro, and capture my clips no differently than working with DV. In the background Cineform is making I frame versions of the IPB stream. Now I have frame
receiver. Packetizing voice data involves adding header and trailer information to the data blocks. Packetization overhead (additional time and data introduced by this process) must be reduced to minimize added latencies (time delays through the system). Therefore, the process must achieve a balance between minimizing transmission delay and using network bandwidth most efficiently--smaller size allows packets to be sent more often, while larger packets take longer to compose. On the other hand, larger packets amortize the header and trailer information across a bigger chunk of voice data, so they use network bandwidth more efficiently than do smaller packets. Figure 1.Signaling and transport flows between endpoints. -4- Mission We are a company that provides Voice over IP telephony over Estonia. Our mission is to make for some company IP telephony connection, which offices are located in Tallinn and Narva
speech or language, but the balance between his intellectual abilities and emotional control had been destroyed. He became highly agitated and irrelevant, often impatient and rude. Study to his frontal lobe provided evidence that the brain affects personality and social behaviors. Discuss ethical considerations related to research studies at the biological level of analysis. In case studies for example, the researcher often obtains deeply personal information, which is not usually shared with other people. Any researcher conducting a case study must be very protective of the identities of the participants. The researcher should also have the professional competence to deal with the focus of the case study. Animal rights!! Explain one study related to localization of function of the brain. Gazzaniga & Sperry held experiments with monkeys, whose brains were `'split `' by cutting off the connection, the corpus colossum, between the two hemispheres of the brain
Obtaining route plan table with coordinates of each WP, distances & courses between WP's total distance of created route plan. The Navi-Sailor 3000 ECDIS Route Plan table contains the following: Geographical data (coordinates, course, GC/RL…) Schedule information (ETA, ETD, Average speed…) Route Plan calculations take into account relevant weather and current information Other useful capabilities of the Route Planning facility include: 'Check Route' functionality, both online and after the planning Upload route to GPS Graphical on-screen and tabular route plan editing Equalising of data between Master and Slave station(-s) Print out of Route Plan information Autopilot Navi-Sailor 3000 ECDIS provides a facility for sailing in the Autopilot mode. Route Monitoring
.................................................24 Peidikmälu, vahemälu (Cache)..................................................................................................25 Arvuti mälu ....................................................................................................................................30 Mälu hierarhia arvutis (Memory hierarchy).............................................................................. 32 Arvuti mälu klassifikatsioon (Computer memory classification)..............................................33 Muutmälu (RAM)......................................................................................................................33 Staatiline pooljuht suvapöördusmälu (Static RAM)..................................................................34 Dünaamiline pooljuht suvapöördusmälu (Dynamic RAM).......................................................36 Püsimälu (ROM - Read Only Memory).........................
................. 24 Peidikmälu, vahemälu (Cache) ................................................................................................... 25 Arvuti mälu ............................................................................................................................................. 30 Mälu hierarhia arvutis (Memory hierarchy) ................................................................................ 32 Arvuti mälu klassifikatsioon (Computer memory classification) ............................................... 33 Muutmälu (RAM) ....................................................................................................................... 33 Staatiline pooljuht suvapöördusmälu (Static RAM) .................................................................... 34 Dünaamiline pooljuht suvapöördusmälu (Dynamic RAM) ......................................................... 36
of Mexico along the western shores of England. All these features make the climate more moderate, without striking difference between seasons. It is not very cold in winter and never very hot in summer. So, the British ports are ice-free and its rivers are not frozen throughout the year. The weather on the British Isles has a bad reputation. It is very changeable and fickle. The British say that there is a climate in other countries, but we have just weather. If you don't like the weather in England, just wait a few minutes. It rains very often in all seasons in Great Britain. Autumn and winter are the wettest. The sky is usually grey and cold winds blow. On the average, Britain has more than 200 rainy days a year. The English say that they have 3 variants of weather: when it rains in the morning, when it rains in the afternoon, and when it rains all day long. Sometimes it rains
multiset - The infix operator ‘ specifies the number of appearances - Transition occurs, removes tokens from its input places - The transition adds tokens to its output places - Arc expressions determine which tokens are removed 4.Concurrency and conflict CPN allows to modelling concurrent systems In the marking M1, three different binding elements are enabled: TP+ and TP−, are in conflict with each other (– both are enabled, only one can occur per token in A) SP and TP+ can occur concurrently(– SP needs a token on the place PacketsToSend and a token on NextSend, while TP+ needs a token on place A– no competition or interference to get tokens) SP and TP− are concurrently enabled(– they also use disjoint input tokens, occur concurrently) 5.Guards Besides input arcs, also transitions may carry guards
between. ADVANTAGES o Large film size (4x5, 5,7, 8x10) o Sharp detail o What you see in the viewfinder is exactly what you will get on the negative. o You can change the position of the film and lens relative to each other to correct distortion. DISADVANTAGES o Bulky and heavy o Must use a tripod. o Image on the viewing screen is not bright so you have put a focusing cloth over your head and the back of the camera. o The image appears reversed and upside down on the viewing screen.
variables and optimize the weights). The validation sample (e.g., 200 cases) is used to evaluate the results from the first set of estimates. Most AES developers use multiple regression to create their models, but one developer uses multiple statistical techniques, and then selects the one that explains the most variance. In the second approach, the evaluation of content may be accomplished through the specification of vocabulary (i.e., the evaluation of the other aspects of writing is performed as described above). Latent Semantic Analysis and its variants are employed by some developers to provide estimates as to how close the vocabulary in the candidate answer is to a targeted vocabularly set. The third approach is to develop models that are based on a "gold standard" formulated by experts. To date this mechanism for developing models is more theoretical than applied. If normative models can be created for the relevant dimensions of writing (i.e
manner through small vent holes. The airbag's volume and the size of the vents in the bag are tailored to each vehicle type, to spread out the deceleration of (and thus force experienced by) the occupant over time and over the occupant's body, compared to a seat belt alone. The signals from the various sensors are fed into the Airbag control unit, which determines from them the angle of impact, the severity, or force of the crash, along with other variables. Depending on the result of these calculations, the ACU may also deploy various additional restraint devices, such as seat belt pre-tensioners, and/or airbags (including frontal bags for driver and front passenger, along with seat-mounted side bags, and "curtain" airbags which cover the side glass). Each restraint device is typically activated with one or more pyrotechnic devices, commonly called an initiator or electric match
Chapter 4, which presents a comparison between the two buildings and a conclusion of the findings. The thesis concludes with a discussion about future trends in the steel construction industry and suggestions for further research. 6 Chapter 1: Literature Review The construction industry is complex and dynamic and has several constraints that distinguish it from other industrial sectors. Dimitri Mitchell outlined in a September 2009 article in Civil Engineering entitled “The Promise of Virtual Design”, four characteristics that illustrate the construction industry. First, there is a high degree of complexity resulting from different companies collaborating on a single project. These diverse and dispersed companies are required to exchange critical information during the design and construction phases
Two Zener diodes connected back-to-back. It is used as a filtering device to protect voltage-sensitive electronic devices from high-energy voltage transients.Schottky: High frequency diode. Based on the fact, that electrons in different materials have different absolute potential energies and the potential energy of electrons in materials is lower than the potential energy of the free electrons. Used in computers, because of the speed.LED:Energy is radiated as light.(in other diodes as a form of heat). Emits visible and invisible light rays when forward current through it exceeds the turn- on current.Used in lamps. Photodiodes:A window lets light pass through the packageto the junction. The incoming light produces free electrons and holes. The stronger the light, the greater the number of minority carriers and the larger the reverse current. Optocoupler: LED on the input side and photodiode on the output side. Light from the led hits the photodiode
in Europe, the Canadian Space Agency in Canada, Indian Space Research Organisation in India, RKA in Russia, China National Space Administration in China, and Iranian Space Agency in Iran. Along with these public space programs, many companies produce technical tools and components such as spaceships and satellites. Some known companies involved in space programs include Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, EADS, and Boeing. These companies are also involved in other areas of aerospace such as the construction of aircraft. Many countries have air transport companies, such as Air France and Air India. Biotechnology-Biotechnology is technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity defines biotechnology as:[1] Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use
The primary area of competence of the organization is IT domain. Lee IS has been active since 2002 and during that time has successfully provided a wide range of services and solutions. In the past years the specialty of Lee IS was narrowed down to IS development for specific business domains due to the rising demand and profitability. 2. Business Plan 2.1.Mission Lee IS is set on catering the most effective solution to a given customer and offering the most effective partnership in its support. Effectiveness implies, amongst other things, information being: stored without essential use of paper transmitted without essential burning of fuel processed without essential human labor/endeavor 2.2.Values Simplicity and transparency Taking responsibility for every implemented piece in appreciation of the value of long- term relationships Free and creative thinking precedes rules and standards
. . . . . 3.25 litres (5.7 pints) Fuel-injected engines with filter change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.85 litres (6.8 pints) Fuel-injected engines without filter change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.60 litres (6.3 pints) Fuel tank All models (except XR3i and Van) pre-May 1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 litres (8.8 gallons) All other models (except Van) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 litres (10.6 gallons) Van . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 litres (11.0 gallons) Cooling system 1.1 litre OHV engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 litres (11.8 pints) 1.1 litre CVH engine: With small radiator . . . . . . . . . .
Linux/ BSD OS sõnaraamat A Apache – Apache is a freely available Web server that is distributed under an "open source" license. Version 2.0 runs on most UNIX-based operating systems. - Tasuta kõigile kättesaadav veebiserver, 2.0 versioon jookseb enamustel UNIX'i põhistel OS'idel. Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) – Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is a relational database management system ( RDBMS ) from Sybase, Inc. that runs on Linux and other Unix -based operating systems, Windows NT and Windows 2000 , and Mac OS. - Andmebaasi haldamissüsteem, mille lõi Sybase ettevõte. See jookseb kõigil Unixi põhistel- , Windows NT-, Windows 2000- ja Mac operatsioonisüsteemidel. B Bourne Again Shell (bash) – Bash (Bourne Again Shell) is the free version of the Bourne shell distributed with Linux and GNU operating systems. - Bourne shelli tasuta versioon Linuxile ja GNU-ga operatsioonisüsteemidele.
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