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2015-01-11
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AnnaAbi
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can’t = logically improbable We don’t have all the facts, so we are not absolutely sure, but we are pretty certain: He’s very fit, though he must be at least sixty! Suzie can’t have a ten-year-old daughter! She’s only twenty-five herself! Is there no reply? They must be sleeping. They can’t be out at this time of night. A walk in this weather! You must be joking! • We use may/might and could to express possibility in the present or future. May/might + not is the negative. Couldn’t is used rarely. Take your umbrella. It might rain later. Dave and Beth aren’t at home. They could be in the pub, I suppose. We may go to Greece for our holidays. We haven’t decided yet. You know we’re going out tonight? - Well, I might not be able to make it. I might have to work late. • We use will to express what we believe to be true about the present. We are
Ways of expressing the Future Table of Contents Future Simple ...................................................................... 2 Be going to ........................................................................... 3 Present Continuous .............................................................. 3 Present Simple ..................................................................... 4 Future Continuous ............................................................... 4 Future Perfect....................................................................... 6 Other ways of referring to the future ..................................... 7 Other future references......................................................... 8 Future Simple In Future Simple we use the modal verb will + the verb
4 VESITERM 12 LADA 5 STOW 13 SCHWUNG 6 KALEV 14 MAIASMOKK 7 YAMAHA 15 ISKU 8 ESTRAVEL 2 Affirmative tense Use Signal Words Negative/Questions · action in the present taking always, Present Simple A: He speaks. place once, never or several every ..., N: He does not speak. normally, often, Q: Does he speak? times seldom, · facts sometimes,
FUTURE FORMS Future Simple (will +I) a) in predictions about the future usually with the verbs think, believe, expect, etc., the expressions be sure be afraid, etc., and the adverbs probably perhaps, certainly, etc I'm afraid we won't be on time for the meeting. b) for on-the-spot decisions. c) for promises (usually with the verbs promise, swear, guarantee, etc.), threats, warnings, requests, hopes (usually with the verb hope) and offers.
1.A decision at the moment of 1.Future plans made before the speaking: moment of speaking: A: 'I'm cold'. A: 'We've run out of milk.' B: 'I'll close the window'. B: 'I know, I'm going to buy some.' 2.Prediction based on opinion: 2.Prediction based on present I think the Conservatives will win the evidence: next election. Look at those boys playing football! 3.A future fact: They're going to break the window. He will be ten next year. 4.Promises / requests / refusal / willingness: I'll help you with your homework. Will you give me a hand? 5.In the same way as the future continuous, but with state verbs: I'll be at the station when you arrive. 'Shall' is used mainly in the forms 'shall I ?' and 'shall we?' in British English. These forms are used when you want to get someone's opinion, especially for offers and suggestions:
Golden Grammar rules 1. Don't use an with own. Sue needs her own room. (NOT Sue needs an own room.) I'd like a phone line of my own. (NOT ... an own phone line.) 2. Use or rather to correct yourself. She's German or rather, Austrian. (NOT She's German or better, Austrian.) I'll see you on Friday or rather, Saturday. 3. Use the simple present play(s), rain(s) etc to talk about habits and repeated actions. I play tennis every Saturday. (NOT I am playing tennis every Saturday.) It usually rains a lot in November. 4. Use will ..., not the present, for offers and promises. I'll cook you supper this evening. (NOT I cook you supper this evening.) I promise I'll phone you tomorrow. (NOT I promise I phone you tomorrow.) 5. Don't drop prepositions with passive verbs. I don't like to be shouted at
.. Let me summarize briefly what I've said. This is the general picture for ... and now I'd like to move on to ... That completes my overview of .., so now I'd like to move on to ... Let's recap, shall we? Concluding In conclusion To conclude Personal and impersonal styles Active and passive forms The passive is formed with the verb to be + the past participle. It is less personal than the active. Tense Active Passive present simple I think it is thought present we are discussing it is being discussed continuous present perfect the boss has said it has been said past simple John called a meeting a meeting was called future I will refer to this later this will be referred to later Personal pronouns Active verbs use more personal pronouns: I think ... We are working on ... Be careful not to overuse I
Hard and fast usability rules.I’ve been at this for a long time, long enough to know that there is no one “right” answer to most usability questions. Design is a complicated process and the real answer to most of the questions people ask me is “It depends.” But I do think that there are a few useful guiding principles it always helps to have in mind, and those are what I’m trying to convey. Predictions about the future of technology and theWeb.Honestly,your guess is as good as mine. The only thing I’m sure of is that (a) most of the predictions I hear are almost certainly wrong, and (b) the things that will turn out to be important will come as a surprise, even though in hindsight they’ll seem perfectly obvious. Bad-mouthingofpoorlydesignedsitesandapps.Ifyouenjoypeople pokingfunatthingswithobviousflaws,you’rereadingthewrongbook.
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