Philip Larkin’s Poetry: Themes, Form, Style, Imagery and Symbolism Author: Sandra Olivares González Tutor: Jesús Marín Calvarro Degree in English Studies, English Department, Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, University of Extremadura Cáceres, 29th January 2016 Philip Larkin’s Poetry: Themes, Form, Style, Imagery and Symbolism The aim of this work is to obtain some characteristics of the poetry of Philip
Poe objected to narrow nationalism. The poverty of the arts in America was a direct result of the national preoccupation with money. He was rather harsh on minor authors. Longfellow hated him. The first modern literary theoretician used a lot of psychology (psychological system logical), in direct contrast with romanticism. The work of art should be evaluated from the point of view of the author's intention, what the author intended. He stood somehow aloof somehow on the side. He was ahead of his time. He mentally anguished landscapes, far from nature or society. He seemed to European his contemporaries could not understand his ideas. The first group of writers who started to appreciate his writing was the French symbolists, especially Baudelaire. They proclaimed Poe their predecessor. Major influence on later writers he can be called the first detective stories writer
and positivism. Opposition to abstract, untested theories &ideologies. Friedrich Nietzsche ,,God is dead"-through explaining and putting forward theories had killed Christian god. The essence of Freudian theory: the process in the human psyche Superego-society, conscience, morals, traditions, religion, a moral censor Ego-rational behavior, motivation, self-identification, conscious decisions Id-instincts, natural responses, the pleasure principle, aggressive instincts, the death wish Influence: In art and literature, Freud's theories influenced surrealism . Like psychoanalysis, surrealistic painting and writing explores the inner depths of the unconscious mind. Freudian ideas have provided subject matter for authors and artists. Critics often analyze art and literature in Freudian terms. 2. Literary Modernism and its sub-movements. The influence of Structuralism and psychoanalysis. Main characteristic features of Modernism. Denial of
). The methods of structural linguistics were most popular in 70s and 80s. Present day stylistic studies have gradually taken a more systematic course. Increasing interest is apparent in a quantitative aspect. Thus the statistical word frequently, also computers have given stylistics a more exact basis. Computer assisted stylistic analysis seems quite promising (e.g. the study of cases of disputed authorship; or the influence of one author on another author's style). Although still somewhat chaotic and unorganized stylistics is a vigorous young science with wide potential and prospects. THE COLOURING OF THE WORD Meaning of a word has: a denotation (meaning proper, we find it in dictionaries) and a connotation (an additional shade of meaning). Connotation is also: overtones, colouring, charge, and shade of meaning all this actually means the same. The bulk of words have denotation (in
There was also another tendency in that time--to regard style as a study of form separated from content. (Saintsbury, Bally, Marouseau, Aronstein, Deutchbein) 50s, 60s--rapid growth of interest in stylistics. Various conferences--USA 1958, Poland 1960 70s, 80s--methods of structural linguistics became very popular (counting words etc.) Present day--the use of computers has given stylistics a more exact basis. It seems quite promising--it allows the scientists study the influence of one author on another. Stylistics is a vigorous young science with a lot of prospect. 2. Inherent connotations. Phonesthemes Denotation--proper meaning Connotation--additional shade of meaning, also called overtone, colouring Words may convey emotional or expressive overtones (gorgeous, okay), or tey may render evaluation (famous, notorious) Inherent connotation--we are dealing with inherent con. When the additional shade of
Ph.Aronstein, M.Deutschbein, I.Galperin. In the 50's and 60's of the previous century there was a rapid growth of interest in stylistics throughout the word. In the 70's and 80's, the methods of structural linguistics were very popular in stylistics. Present stylistic studies have become quite systematic. Computer-assisted stylistic analysis appears to be quite promising, e.g the study of cases of disputed authorship (I may claim I have written Othello) which may study the influence of one author to another. Although still somewhat chaotic stylistic is a vigorous, young science with vast prospects. Stylistician- a scholar who studies style. Stylist- a writer or speaker skilled in a literary style. Linguistic style Linguistic style is a variety of language with its peculiar vocabulary, phraseology, grammatical, phonetic features that are used selectively and purposefully to express ideas in a given situation. Linguostylistics or linguistic stylistics
Connotation is ever present when the word is used. Adherent connotation is the shade of meaning the word requires in a particular context only. Outside this context this shade of meaning is not present. INHERENT CONNOTATION (IC) 1. IC may be secured by the very object, quality or notion that word denotes. Positively charged words are: noble, manly, virtue, beauty, love, etc. Negatively charged words: nasty, vulgar, greedy, sin, death, fool, etc.). This connotation is called referential; it depends on the referent (mean the thing the word stands for). 2. IC may depend on the structure of the word. Such words normally have a transparent structure and more often negative affixes are used (e.g. unkind, impolite, injustice, heartless, etc.). This kind of connotation is purely linguistic. 3. Emotional connotation characterizes words in synonymic sets that occupy the so-called final position (e.g
New direction, influenced by all influences of social revolution and so on, returnts to social problems, was conserned with corruption and society. Perhaps the most famous piece is ,,The winter of our discontent". The novel that helped him receive the nobel prize for literature. He did not receive it for this novel alone but all the work. The very end of his life, in the 1960's he wrote non fiction. ,,Travels with Charlie"-his puudle. Very uneven author. Elements of style. Unlike naturalists his style is more poetic, he uses some of the devices of folk tales. Such as repetition. Description of nature are terse-charged with imagery. Ancient greek tragedy, his characters are not kings, warrior , gods, his characters are simple people. Even humble, poor, illiterate people may have their own personal tragedys. You dont have to be king to experience tragedy. His books are very muc based on dialogue. The situation of the
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